Hi, I'm learning Finnish. I have a problem learning new words. When I'm reading a phrase, I change the order of letters of a word (es. Kääjäri instead of Käärijä. Yes, I'm learning Finnish because of him) and it's frustrating. It also happens to other languages I know (Italian, English and Japanese) but it's not that frequent like in Finnish. Can you help me to prevent this problem?
Hey, thanks for reaching out, but I'm afraid that's a little out of my field of expertise.
It kinda sounds like dyslexia, have you ever looked into that? If it sounds relatable to your experience, you might find some tips to help manage it.
I can't give any other advice because I don't have this problem, so anything that comes to mind (eg. learn words with the Drops app or pronounce the words several times as you learn them) might not be of any help to you, sorry.
I'm super glad to hear you're learning Finnish because of Käärijä though, that's awesome!! Good luck with it 💚
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Useful links to Learn Finnish
~ Learning resources ~
# Apps #
Duolingo, a classic, it teaches you vocabulary and basic sentence structure
Drops, a great app to learn vocabulary, and it’s organized by subjects
Clozemaster, makes you fill sentences, slightly advanced
Memrise, good to learn vocabulary, includes textbooks vocabulary too
Mondly, teaches vocabulary and basic sentence structure
WordDive, seems like a comprehensive course (I haven’t tested this one)
# Textbooks #
Suomen Mestari, the book most Finnish classes use, is in Finnish only
Oma Suomi, a book for self-learning English speakers
# Websites #
The Finnish Teacher, easily approachable grammar lessons
Verbix, to find verb conjugations
Sanakirja, very complete dictionary and translator
Urbaani sanakirja, Finnish equivalent to Urban dictionnary
Uusi kielemme, a good vocabulary list divided by themes and levels
Finnish swear words on Wikipedia, essential!
# Video & audio lessons #
Finnish Pod, numerous audio and video lessons
Supisuomea-videot by Yle, videos with simple Finnish and subtitles
FSI courses, recordings of conversational Finnish
# Complete beginner resources #
A Taste of Finnish, reading, listening and grammar points
Kielet by Yle, lessons in Finnish with videos
Venla, for vocabulary, structures and grammar
Digital Dialects, games to learn Finnish
~ Listening resources ~
# Podcasts #
Opi Suomea!, a podcast in simple Finnish
Yle uutiset selkosuomeksi, a news podcast in easy Finnish
Auta Antti!, a podcast where the host answers listeners questions
# Music & Radio #
Radio Suomi Pop, only Finnish songs & Finnish speakers
Tunein, to access more Finnish radios
#vainsuomihitit, Spotify playlist with all the new Finnish hits
Suomen musiikki, my Finnish spotify playlist
Mirka Karoliina, Disney songs with Finnish subtitles and translations
# Movies & TV shows #
My Finnish movies masterlist (needs to be updated)
Yle Arena, legal streaming of Finnish shows & others with Finnish subtitles
Some American streaming services (Netflix, Disney+ etc) have things dubbed in Finnish (mostly cartoons and kid’s shows), but most of those are only available if you’re in Finland (or use a VPN)
# Youtubers #
Papananaama
KAKSI ÄITIÄ
maiju
~ Reading & Writing resources ~
# Reading #
Yle uutiset selkosuomeksi, news articles in easy Finnish
Oppiminen by Yle, various articles in easy Finnish
Free Finnish books, for advanced level
# Writing #
LangCorrect, write diary entries and get corrected by native Finnish speakers
~ Communities ~
# Finnblrs #
Tags on Tumblr: Finnish / Finnish langblr / Finnblr / Finnish language
This is Finnish
Suomen Kieli
Fennophile
Tealingual
Finn in training (mine)
# Others #
LearnFinnish on Reddit
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Older versions of this article can be found here and here.
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Can you explain KPT thing in Finnish? When is it used? I think that it is one of the hardest things to learn for Finnish learners and that's what I instantly thought about when I saw your your post on questions about Finnish, your target languages etc.
Hi! Yes, absolutely!
Summary
The phenomenon is called consonant gradation (astevaihtelu)
It means that certain consonants alternate between various grades
In Finnish the consonants that alternate are K, P, and T
There are two grades, strong and weak
And two types, radical and suffixal
And radical consonant gradation can be further divided into quantitative and qualitative gradation
Quantitative gradation:
Consonant | strong grade | weak grade
kk:k | kukka | kukan tt:t | katto | katonpp:p | pappi | papin
kukka = flowerkatto = roof, ceilingpappi = priest
Basic rule:
Strong grade at the beginning of a syllable that starts with a vowel
Weak grade at the beginning of a syllable that starts with a consonant
There are exceptions
Qualitative gradation:
Consonant | strong grade | weak gradek:∅ | hauki | hauenk:j | kurki | kurjetk:v | puku | puvutt:d | katu | kadutt:l | kulta | kullatt:n | tunti | tunnint:r | piirtää | piirränp:v | kupu | kuvunp:m | ompelen | ommella mp:mm | lampi | lammetnt:nn | lento | lennotlt:ll | kielto | kiellotrt:rr | parta | parratnk:ng | kenkä | kengäthauki = pikekurki = cranepuku = suitkatu = streetkulta = goldtunti = hourpiirtää = to drawkupu = domeommella = to sewlampi = pondlento = flightkielto = banparta = beardkenkä = shoe
Suffixal gradation
alternates suffixes
has been largely lost = not regular in Finnish nowadays
How to learn all this?
Memorize the examples and implement it with similar words, for example:kukka - kukan → lukko - lukon (lock)katto - katon → aatto - aaton (eve)pappi - papin → anoppi - anopin (mother-in-law)
Immerse yourself to the language, you will start to pick up the rules naturally
When in doubt, check wiktionary or kielitoimiston sanakirja - or ask a native speaker
I hope this helps, good luck!
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