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storykravting · 5 years

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200 Years From Now

In the 19th century, a few people realized that we (humans) can change the climate of our planet.

During the 20th century, some more people looked into the idea that we (humans) can change the climate of our planet. They confirmed its validity with research but didn't think it was really important, so they didn't do anything.

For most of the 21st century, people all over the world argued about whether we (humans) can change the climate of our planet. Some people still didn't think it was important, even though all kinds of research studies were confirming what people in the 20th century had said. By this point though, the effects of a changing climate were already starting to take place, and most of those people realized that the people in the 20th century were right.

The 22nd century is the result of people finally accepting and adapting to the fact that we (humans) can change the climate of our planet. Unfortunately, it took so long to come to this decision that a lot of cities were already underwater. Literally underwater—Atlantis isn't the only lost city anymore.

Plenty of things are different now in 2100, but the simplest to confer might be these two: The world got brighter and warmer, and sea level has risen quite a bit.

Miami, New Orleans, and San Francisco had to evacuate since underwater breathing isn't completely feasible yet. So did Alexandria, Mumbai, Osaka, Rio de Janeiro, Shanghai, parts of Singapore, and Australia's outer ring of coast. The Pacific Islands disappeared. And you can just imagine what happened in Venice with the canals.

A few ecosystems stopped working too—take the coastal wetlands for example. Most of the greenery in the Alps and Appalachians, and every other mountain range in the world, withered. Even under the water, all non-"supercorals" in the Great Barrier Reef were completely bleached by the beginning of the 22nd century.

For better or worse, disaster was the wake-up call needed to finally galvanize the human race into action.

While the natural world and select areas of civilization suffered the consequences of industrialization, a few places had been smart enough to innovate ahead of time. Neighborhoods in Rotterdam were floating and solar-powered, and as a result aesthetically pleasing as well as technological marvels. Scotland had already put wind turbines in the ocean. Over decades, places that had once been on the coastline slowly became habitable again.

Green technology disseminated across the globe in one of humanity's greatest works of collaboration. Solar cities popped up everywhere; urban planners had a heyday. Renewable energy became the number one priority, so they made photovoltaic everything—solar panels on top of roofs, in place of roofs, embedded in the sidewalks, inside the paint on buildings somehow. They stuck gardens and windmills everywhere too. And since green is the new black, gardening is government-subsidized.

Architects were just as busy too. Buildings are taller and nicer than they were a century ago. Photography and social media helped popularize a particular style revolving around clean lighting, open space, and an urban aesthetic. Interior design and city layout headed in the direction of bright and spacious and beautiful.

While those people installed huge sundials in plazas and guided vines down the sides of glass skyscrapers, other institutions also developed with the era. These days, it takes less time to get a general education. The new priority is on apprenticeships and applying knowledge in a changing world. Public schooling abandoned its jack-of-all-trades curriculum and established a new one: Programs for Environmentally Beneficial Innovations. PEBI for short.

Despite the naming convention, not every PEBI is centered on improving the future. Some of them, like floriography and sculpting, are just to make the present a nicer, prettier place.

So learning is more popular than it was before, maybe thanks to all the freedom the new system gives its users to stretch their wings. Almost everyone is immersed in their respective field. They’re proud of what they learn, and a lot of people embrace their PEBIs as part of their identity. Architecture, agriculture, art, their professions help define their place and contributions to the world.

And so of course, among the youth, talk about academics and work is just about as commonplace as entertainment. Long-distance communication facilitates a perpetual exchange; teens always seem to be in touch with each other, whether they're texting or talking, meeting in person or simulating it with 360° spherical cameras. Sending voicemail these days is as easy as tapping a wrist piece and speaking.

Possibly the most poignant change between today and the today of 200 years ago is sociocultural: in our relationships. What happened was, in a way of speaking, a shift toward the material. The popular thing these days, especially with so many young couples, is to commemorate special occasions with an equally special gift, something that will be remembered fondly by both the giver and the receiver.

The prevalence of social media in a time focused on the invention and communication of ideas is not to be understated. People are more creative these days; they have to be in order to keep pace with the world around them. As the bar for creativity in real-world innovation rose, the level of creativity that people put into their personal lives increased alongside it.

One artistic engineer made a heart-shaped, pocket-sized charm out of clockwork. One floriographer put together a stunningly beautiful bouquet specifically for a lucky person in their life. And of course, with social media, it only takes one nice picture and a blurb for everyone to hear about it.

Redesigns and novelty gift ideas started trending all over the internet, and they were all incredible. Clockwork charms modeled after hearts and stars and animals, unique bouquets with every type of flower imaginable, pretty accessories and the like. Even letters, which were outdated 200 years ago, are stylish thanks to the work of a few skilled calligraphers.

With so much knowledge and technology crackling at our fingertips, it’s easy to understand why everyone wants to pour themselves into something tangible they can give away as a present that will speak for itself. In fact, it’s almost expected that everyone come up with at least something to do that will stand out.

Obviously, there’s a lot of controversy over the emphasis so many people seem to place on just one facet of the human experience. It’s a persisting tradition for the older generation to express disapproval at whatever the youth are up to: in this case, a fixation on giving gifts and planning elaborate confessions.

But perhaps it's wrong to say modern relationships are artificial or excessively material. Maybe the key thing is not so much the gifts themselves, or even the feelings they're intended to evoke, but the willingness to put so much thought into a single gesture.

Sure, a pretty token can’t convey a person’s true feelings, just as a picture on social media can’t truly show what someone’s life is like. But it’s a truth that the people who give and receive those kinds of gifts are happy. It’s a truth that most of them are in great relationships and can overcome the difficulties that challenge them. The people behind the trends are undeniably talented, but they’re also just kind, thoughtful, caring people—people who show their love in ways that are only coincidentally “instagrammable.”

While the weight given to gifts may have been upped in the past century, while confessions and proposals may have gotten a dozen times more intricate, while we may be able to talk as if in person from a mile away, we still use words to let people know how we truly feel. After all, a gift can’t be given without a tag. A dance can’t happen without an invitation. We still surprise each other with what we like and don’t like. We still make time to meet up in person and grab coffee. We still struggle to tell the people we love that we love them, because our feelings are complicated, and we would never be able to summarize them with a simple present or a smile.

So in a way, the gifts and presents and performances are less the gift than the gift wrap. Giving things and celebrating, all that stuff is appetizers, there to accentuate the words we use to make our feelings clear.

A lot of us may want to be showmen and showwomen, to express our love in amazing ways that won’t ever be forgotten, but we haven’t yet lost what it means to connect with someone—to reveal ourselves, heart to bare heart. Past the shower of gifts and attention, when the only onlookers are the people involved, there remain those irreplaceable moments of self-disclosure. It’s then that we clear our throats, look our loved ones in the eye, part our lips, and give voice to the reasons that make us try so hard to impress.

“Thank you for everything.”

“You've changed my life.”

And of course—

“I love you.”

#short story #contest submission #no it didn't win #pretty convoluted

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ms-m-astrologer · 6 years

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The Music of Uranus/Taurus

Something I have yet to read in the veritable blizzard of Uranus/Taurus articles, is a discussion of what happened musically during the last time Uranus was in Taurus. Even if one isn’t as obsessive about music as this author, there are plenty of amazing watershed events which can lead us to some intriguing speculations about the years 2018-2026.

April 23, 1935 - “Your Hit Parade,” sponsored by Lucky Strike cigarettes, is broadcast on the radio for the first time

Uranus, of course, rules radio. This show, broadcast every Saturday night for the next 20 years, was immensely popular. It exposed the entire nation to the week’s top 15 songs (performed by cover artists). We can argue that it was perhaps one of the first attempts to profit (Taurus) from establishing a homogenous (Taurus) US pop music (Taurus) culture (Uranus).

January 4, 1936 - “Billboard” publishes its first music hit parade

Exactly how the folks at “Your Hit Parade” calculated its top 15 song rankings is a bit, ah, murky. “Billboard,” at least, based chart positions on quantifiable sales, radio, and jukebox plays. Again, we’re seeing an attempt to standardize (and therefore make a buck from) musical taste for an entire nation. It was an innovative way (Uranus) to take advantage of electronic means of hearing popular music (radio, record players, jukeboxes) and make money (Taurus) off it, too. This was also an important milestone in the progress of “Billboard” itself, from an advertising-agency rag, to an exclusively music-oriented publication.

January 26-28, 1936 - Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich denounced by Joseph Stalin

On the evening of January 26, Soviet dictator Josef Stalin and some “friends” attended a performance of Shostakovich’s opera “Lady MacBeth of the Mtsensk District.” Joe didn’t like it, made his displeasure visibly known - and Shostakovich left town in a hurry, only to learn, on the 28th, that the USSR paper “Pravda” had published (take it away, Wikipedia):

...a tirade entitled Muddle Instead of Music, complaining that the opera was a "deliberately dissonant, muddled stream of sounds...(that) quacks, hoots, pants and gasps." This was the signal for a nationwide campaign, during which even Soviet music critics who had praised the opera were forced to recant in print, saying they "failed to detect the shortcomings of Lady Macbeth as pointed out by Pravda".... When Shostakovich returned to Leningrad, he had a telephone call from the commander of the Leningrad Military District, who had been asked by Marshal Tukhachevky to make sure that he was all right. When the writer Isaac Babel was under arrest four years later, he told his interrogators that "it was common ground for us to proclaim the genius of the slighted Shostakovich.”

On 6 February, Shostakovich was again attacked in Pravda, this time for his light comic ballet, The Limpid Stream, which was denounced because "it jangles and expresses nothing" and did not give an accurate picture of peasant life on the collective farm. Fearful that he was about to be arrested, Shostakovich secured an appointment with the Chairman of the USSR State Committee on Culture, Platon Kerzhentsev, who reported to Stalin and Molotov that he had instructed the composer to "reject formalist errors and in his art attain something that could be understood by the broad masses", and that Shostakovich had admitted being in the wrong and had asked for a meeting with Stalin, which was not granted.

As a result of this campaign, commissions began to fall off, and Shostakovich's income fell by about three-quarters.... During 1936 and 1937, in order to maintain as low a profile as possible.., Shostakovich mainly composed film music, a genre favored by Stalin and lacking in dangerous personal expression.

This wasn’t mere censorship; Shostakovich’s life was in danger. Family and close friends (including his protector Tukhachevsky) were killed in the Stalinist purges which followed. From a certain cold-hearted perspective, this (as well as what was happening in Nazi Germany at this time) was an attempt to “set in stone” (Taurus) what popular culture (Uranus) defines as music (Taurus).

December 25, 1937 - Arturo Toscanini conducts the NBC Symphony for its first broadcast concert

The NBC Symphony orchestra was specifically created for Toscanini. Two things were going on here. One, NBC had clearly realized that there was money to be made via promulgating the classics; two, Toscanini’s particular tastes in music influenced what US symphonies played in concert halls for the next several decades (Taurus).

January 16, 1938 - Benny Goodman and his Orchestra play Carnegie Hall, New York (at 8:45 pm EST, for event chart addicts)

I can (and will!) argue that this was THE most significant musical event in the US, during the 20th Century. Originally conceived as a mere publicity stunt - Carnegie Hall, at that time, was “reserved” for classical musicians - this gig was the first jazz concert held there, and the recorded results were (upon their release in 1950) the first double LP. Best of all, the troupe was racially integrated: if we had no integrated Goodman band, then there would have been no Jackie Robinson in baseball in 1948. (No less a figure than vibraphonist Lionel Hampton averred this.)

April 9, 1939 - classical contralto Marian Anderson sings for 75,000 people at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington DC

She was there because the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) refused permission for an integrated concert at their own Constitution Hall. (One “reason:” no integrated bathrooms, which at the time were legally required.) Following that, the DC Board of Education refused permission for her to sing at a local high school, for the same “reason.” Again, Wikipedia:

As a result of the ensuing furor, thousands of DAR members, including First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, resigned from the organization.... At Eleanor Roosevelt's behest, President Roosevelt and Walter White, then-executive secretary of the NAACP, and Anderson's manager, impresario Sol Hurok, persuaded Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes to arrange an open-air concert on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. The concert was performed on Easter Sunday, April 9….

Where the heck do I start?!? This was striking a blow against racism and segregation as manifested in the US capitol city. The US First Lady made this concert happen, which ensured the blow could not have been missed or glossed over - and set the bar high for future First Lady activism..

This is of course a “small sample” - I’m handicapped somewhat by my classical background and training, which means I am personally thrilled to pieces about things like (say) the premieres of Barber’s “Adagio for Strings” or Copland’s “Billy the Kid” or Piston’s “The Incredible Flutist.” And so forth. I don’t know if my readers have a similar background, though; I’m therefore forced to leave things at “the second half of the 1930s was an amazing time for US composers.”

(And that may be due to the nation’s Neptune return anyway. However, over two-thirds of the Uranus/Taurus transit will fall in the US natal 5th House - and for part of that time, the U.S. has an opposition from natal to transiting Neptune. Author rubs hands together gleefully.)

So, what kind of music can we expect from Uranus/Taurus in our 21st century? I think we have identified three general themes:

Making money off music, by innovatively “organizing” previous technological innovations

Think digital recording, the MP3, autotune, iPod, GarageBand, and SoundCloud - and remember that before “Your Hit Parade” and “Billboard,” nobody had ever heard of a “Top 15,” much less any idea of the marketing capabilities.

Homogenous, nationalistic pop culture

This may well manifest as censorship; I don’t believe that Dolt 45 (for example) has any more musical taste or chops than Joseph Stalin had. And, he seems to share the general Nazi abhorrence for the non-Aryan.

Breaking down racial barriers in music

Benny Goodman’s chosen genre of jazz, swing music, “brought to fruition ideas originated with Louis Armstrong, Earl Hines, Fletcher Henderson, Duke Ellington, and Jean Goldkette” - only the latter of whom was not an African-American - and furthermore “was precipitated by spicing up familiar commercial, popular material with a Harlem oriented flavor and selling it via a white band for a white musical/commercial audience.” (Wikipedia) In a cynical mood befitting 2018, we have to wonder if white people won’t again “discover” some non-white form of musical expression, rendering it palatable for/to the (white) masses, and therefore making a ton of money.

I’d rather think of music making people steadfast. Someone who once used the n-word around Benny Goodman was told by the feisty clarinet player, “I’ll knock you out if you use that word around me again.”

=====

Finally, let me throw in this Uranus/Taurus caveat: astrologers aren’t any more immune to the lure of clickbait than anyone else. I’ve seen so many articles already about how to survive the dire times ahead - and, let’s face it, human monkeys like to be scared and thrilled. Please don’t believe everything you read, here included; please keep in mind that (to a certain extent) our dread of what’s to come will actually affect what actually comes.

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dustedmagazine · 6 years

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Jan Jelinek — Zwischen (Faitiche)

Zwischen by Jan Jelinek

The use of junk or unwanted audio in 20th and 21st century music is ubiquitous. By now the concept has been so widely applied it’s practically invisible and examples are easy to pick out at random: Oval’s glitch music; the assemblages of Anne-Françoise Jacques; a substantial chunk of the (Editions) Mego label; the countless free jazz and electro-acoustic improvisers who push and repurpose their instruments and techniques. Artists such as these and others like them are worlds apart stylistically and methodologically, but connected by atypical audio artifacts, whether they work with computers, classical instruments, found sounds, even typewriters and other amplified objects, some of which are junk themselves.

So when, in the liner notes for Zwischen, Jan Jelinek asks what happens when non-semantic vocal utterances are used to make electronic music, the question feels needlessly theoretical — or just plain unnecessary — especially for an album that has as much straightforward appeal as this one. Answers are as varied as the people who make this sort of thing and those answers may not be the ones listeners are interested in anyway. A more precise question, one that gets beyond aesthetics and musical theory, is just as good and serves as a better introduction to the work. Something like, “Can new meaning emerge from interviews with famous artists, journalists, and philosophers when those interviews have been chopped to bits and set to music?” Another one comes to mind: “Why would Jan Jelinek erase interview responses from the likes of Slavoj Žižek and Lady Gaga, but preserve the questions they were originally asked? What happens when music functions less as an expression and more as a question?”

At least one possible response is buried in the way Jelinek presents Zwischen. His concept is transparent enough: utilize all the pauses, breaths and interstitial vocal utterances from interviews with well-known individuals to create a series of musical vignettes, which form what he called a radio play when Germany’s public SWR2 radio station first broadcast the extended version. In doing so, all — or at least most — of the interview’s original meaning is removed, giving the non-linguistic, non-universal qualities of rhythm and sound center stage. Ostensibly, meaning is secondary, noise primary.

How Jelinek pairs his music with the sampled voices is less obvious. The extent of his explanation is that the amplitude and frequency of the vocal samples (and silences) control a modular synthesizer, which outputs random tones and drones. But there must have been some further input from the composer because the synthesizer outputs a wide range of unique, if austere, sounds, most of which are not repeated. Either he was very lucky or he’s hiding something up his sleeve. Jelinek’s apparatus dishes out rhythmic pings and plenty of squishy distortion of all varieties. These lend continuity to the fragmented conversations, which might sound like sketches otherwise. Sometimes they provide contrast and sometimes they imitate the broken vocals in eerie accord, lending weight to Jelinek’s emphasis on sound over meaning.

Tracks are short and to the point, staying long enough to register an effect, then moving on. Those effects have as much to do with the speakers as they do with Jelinek’s modular design. John Cage’s laughter is instantly recognizable and it infects his track with welcome frivolity. Žižek’s audible search for the right word — also unmistakable — is both hilarious and exaggerated in Jelinek’s hands, sliced into yet finer particles that are fired machine-gun-like between rounds of steady electrical current. Lady Gaga’s voice generates a lovely bed of even ambient slag — easily the catchiest thing on the album,and Yoko Ono’s hesitations give rise to a kind of frazzled melodic soup filled with bubbly clatter.

In each of these cases, the speaker’s voice is almost always present and easy to discern. In others, like the Friedericke Mayröcker and Max Ernst pieces, Jelinek’s synthesizer operates seemingly without input, placing further emphasis on the silences that follow each of the interviewer’s questions. At some point these voices become less than the ghosts of voices and function only as cues or veiled signposts.

This is where Jelinek’s theoretical inquiry about non-semantic sounds begins to look a lot like a rhetorical flourish. Of course, the album comprises a series of sounds, but those aren’t the album’s building blocks, the questions are. Whether they’re personal or historical, political or aesthetic, the questions draw attention to themselves by their solidity and by the chance that they might still be relevant today. Listeners can read them and choose to ignore them or they can choose to look up how Marcel Duchamp responded when he was asked “would you like or expect people to spin the wheel on your kinetic object Roue de Bicyclette?” Other questions, about democracy and style, are more open-ended and are maybe more likely to register as contemporary, but Jelinek doesn’t restrict his work (and the work of the interviewees) by forcing an intellectual response from the audience. Instead, he mimics his material in its empty form and leaves his music in the shape of a question — an entertaining question that mixes syntax and chance. Meaning matters, but more to the point: the space for meaning matters. There’s no escaping or erasing it, even with all the words redacted.

Lucas Schleicher

#jan jelinek #zwischen #faitiche #lucas schleicher #albumreview #dusted magazine #lady gaga #yoko ono #john cage #glitch music #experimental

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robertshugartca · 5 years

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In the course of history, 100 years isn’t a particularly...

In the course of history, 100 years isn’t a particularly long time. But in the course of fashion history, it’s the difference between trying to get around in a bone-cinching girdle and ankle-length skirt and easing into the Nike leggings and Vans sneakers you’re probably wearing today. In the intervening years, there have been major shifts in technology, politics, culture, and social norms, and fashion has reflected that in its ever-changing cycle of trends. From the sky-high platforms of the ‘70s to the high-waisted bikinis of the '40s, we see plenty of the popular looks of decades past serving as inspiration for designers today. Below, take a look back at the most influential trends from the 1900s through today (and see which ones you’d actually still consider wearing).

The Edwardian period saw the introduction of the “S-bend” or “health” corset, a style that altered the wearer’s posture and (shocker) was no more healthful than its predecessors. Toward the end of the decade, the fashion shifted to girdles and away from the dramatic hourglass silhouettes that had been demanded of women for decades. Leisure apparel was also introduced, with options like blazers, long skirts, and wool sweaters becoming part of many women’s wardrobes. Finally, hemlines crept up slightly past the ankle, making walking less of a chore—unfortunately, this coincided with a trend for “hobble skirts,” a style popularized by designer Paul Poiret that was narrow through the ankle and sometimes banded below the knee, constricting women’s movement and sometimes leading to injury. While this fad mercifully did not stick around for long, the more practical duster coats and lace-up boots of the era are echoed in fashion today. Flapper ensembles are instantly recognizable as the look of the '20s, and it’s easy to see why: With their relaxed drop waists, ornately beaded designs, and feathered accessories, the trends of the era have enduring appeal. The most influential style, however, may have been a subtler one. According to The Dictionary of Fashion History, it was in this decade that Coco Chanel introduced the little black dress: “It offered simplicity and elegance, and instead of being a color associated with servants or widows, black became chic.” While the American public was reeling from the Great Depression, the silver screen became a welcome site of escapism. There, film icons like Bette Davis, Jean Harlow, and Joan Crawford dazzled in glamorous gowns and tailored skirt suits. The silhouette was long and lean, in part thanks to the popularization of Madeleine Vionnet’s bias cut, a technique that allows fabric to drape over the body. One of the less predictable consequences of wartime was the increasing popularity of the two-piece swimsuit, a result of fabric rationing enforced by the U.S. government beginning in 1943. Three years later, French designer Louis Réard introduced the bikini we know today, naming it after the site of American nuclear tests and daring to cut it below the belly button—a style that wouldn’t fully be embraced until decades later. In spring 2017, Réard relaunched with a collection of luxurious, modern bikinis and one-pieces. In 1947, Christian Dior debuted the “New Look” silhouette that would shape the decade to come: With its nipped-in waist, structured bust, and voluminous taffeta layered skirt, it was the antithesis of wartime outfits. Even the lighter garments that eventually became common fare among middle-class women stateside retained much of this femininity: cinch-waist dresses, full mid-calf skirts, and sweater sets. Hemlines crept ever northward in the '60s, and ground zero for the shift was designer Mary Quant’s London boutique, Bazaar. “If I didn’t make them short enough, the Chelsea girls, who had wonderful legs, would get out the scissors and shorten the skirts themselves,” she later told the The New York Times. At the time, they were controversial, but clearly the naysayers were ultimately overpowered. Additionally, two of the most popular hues of the Space Age were—appropriately—white and silver, two color trends that were the result of advancements in fabric technology. André Courrèges’s signature optical white, for instance, was enabled by the introduction of a new bleach in the late '60s, according to historian Valérie Guillaume. Jeans got wider, heels got taller, and synthetic fabrics flooded fashion stores during the '70s. In New York, Halston’s coterie of Studio 54–dwelling cool girls brought disco trends like Lurex halter tops and palazzo pants to the mainstream, while on the other side of the Atlantic especially, the punk scene thrived, led by Vivienne Westwood and Malcolm McLaren in tattered T-shirts and safety-pinned plaid. If there’s one item that was as ubiquitous in the '80s as it is today, it’s leggings. Alongside the aerobics craze of the decade, Spandex became a bona fide fashion trend—though back then, they were worn with leg warmers, off-the-shoulder sweatshirts, and/or scrunchies. For more professionally minded women, the broad-shouldered power suit became an office staple—and for good reason. As historian Bonnie English writes in A Cultural History of Fashion in the 20th and 21st Centuries, “Women in professional careers used fashion as a political language to illustrate their expectations of power and position in the management structures of large corporations.” If you were going to be shattering the glass ceiling, you might as well be wearing shoulder pads. The youth-oriented culture of the “Smells Like Teen Spirit” decade was fertile ground for grunge to take hold, as it did following Marc Jacobs’s groundbreaking S/S 93 collection for Perry Ellis (and the Vogue spread that followed). Teens and 20-somethings embraced baggy flannels and floral prints—and still today snap them up in vintage stores. Elsewhere, minimalism became big news in fashion, with slip dresses, sheer fabrics, and a palette of black, gray, and white ruling the runways. Finally, hip-hop’s influence extended to the mainstream, with the MTV generation copying looks they saw on artists like TLC, Aaliyah, and Salt-N-Pepa. Ah, yes, the decade of the tracksuit. Beloved by the likes of J.Lo, Paris Hilton, and Britney Spears throughout the early- to mid-aughts, Juicy Couture’s terry cloth and velour sweatsuits are already a nostalgic item that certain celebs—not to mention the brand itself—are trying to bring back. Graphic T-shirts (“Team Aniston” versus “Team Jolie,” anyone?), bare midriffs, and logo-heavy It bags also reigned supreme. (Hopefully, the trucker-hat trend will stay firmly in 2004, though some celebs are attempting to revive it.) With nine years of the decade behind us, we feel safe in our predictions as to which trends will endure most over time. Skinny jeans came into their own this decade after gradually making their way into the mainstream, and despite endless articles heralding their death, they’re not likely to be going anywhere anytime soon. Same goes for athleisure (and, to a smaller extent, its more ephemeral cousin, normcore): Now that we’ve experienced the joys of walking around in sneakers, tees, and hoodies all day while still looking stylish, who would want to go back? This post was published at an earlier date and has been updated.

source https://gothify1.tumblr.com/post/183816482975

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gothify1 · 5 years

Photo

In the course of history, 100 years isn't a particularly long time. But in the course of fashion history, it's the difference between trying to get around in a bone-cinching girdle and ankle-length skirt and easing into the Nike leggings and Vans sneakers you're probably wearing today. In the intervening years, there have been major shifts in technology, politics, culture, and social norms, and fashion has reflected that in its ever-changing cycle of trends. From the sky-high platforms of the '70s to the high-waisted bikinis of the '40s, we see plenty of the popular looks of decades past serving as inspiration for designers today. Below, take a look back at the most influential trends from the 1900s through today (and see which ones you'd actually still consider wearing). The Edwardian period saw the introduction of the "S-bend" or "health" corset, a style that altered the wearer's posture and (shocker) was no more healthful than its predecessors. Toward the end of the decade, the fashion shifted to girdles and away from the dramatic hourglass silhouettes that had been demanded of women for decades. Leisure apparel was also introduced, with options like blazers, long skirts, and wool sweaters becoming part of many women's wardrobes. Finally, hemlines crept up slightly past the ankle, making walking less of a chore—unfortunately, this coincided with a trend for "hobble skirts," a style popularized by designer Paul Poiret that was narrow through the ankle and sometimes banded below the knee, constricting women's movement and sometimes leading to injury. While this fad mercifully did not stick around for long, the more practical duster coats and lace-up boots of the era are echoed in fashion today. Flapper ensembles are instantly recognizable as the look of the '20s, and it's easy to see why: With their relaxed drop waists, ornately beaded designs, and feathered accessories, the trends of the era have enduring appeal. The most influential style, however, may have been a subtler one. According to The Dictionary of Fashion History, it was in this decade that Coco Chanel introduced the little black dress: "It offered simplicity and elegance, and instead of being a color associated with servants or widows, black became chic." While the American public was reeling from the Great Depression, the silver screen became a welcome site of escapism. There, film icons like Bette Davis, Jean Harlow, and Joan Crawford dazzled in glamorous gowns and tailored skirt suits. The silhouette was long and lean, in part thanks to the popularization of Madeleine Vionnet's bias cut, a technique that allows fabric to drape over the body. One of the less predictable consequences of wartime was the increasing popularity of the two-piece swimsuit, a result of fabric rationing enforced by the U.S. government beginning in 1943. Three years later, French designer Louis Réard introduced the bikini we know today, naming it after the site of American nuclear tests and daring to cut it below the belly button—a style that wouldn't fully be embraced until decades later. In spring 2017, Réard relaunched with a collection of luxurious, modern bikinis and one-pieces. In 1947, Christian Dior debuted the "New Look" silhouette that would shape the decade to come: With its nipped-in waist, structured bust, and voluminous taffeta layered skirt, it was the antithesis of wartime outfits. Even the lighter garments that eventually became common fare among middle-class women stateside retained much of this femininity: cinch-waist dresses, full mid-calf skirts, and sweater sets. Hemlines crept ever northward in the '60s, and ground zero for the shift was designer Mary Quant's London boutique, Bazaar. ''If I didn't make them short enough, the Chelsea girls, who had wonderful legs, would get out the scissors and shorten the skirts themselves,'' she later told the The New York Times. At the time, they were controversial, but clearly the naysayers were ultimately overpowered. Additionally, two of the most popular hues of the Space Age were—appropriately—white and silver, two color trends that were the result of advancements in fabric technology. André Courrèges's signature optical white, for instance, was enabled by the introduction of a new bleach in the late '60s, according to historian Valérie Guillaume. Jeans got wider, heels got taller, and synthetic fabrics flooded fashion stores during the '70s. In New York, Halston's coterie of Studio 54–dwelling cool girls brought disco trends like Lurex halter tops and palazzo pants to the mainstream, while on the other side of the Atlantic especially, the punk scene thrived, led by Vivienne Westwood and Malcolm McLaren in tattered T-shirts and safety-pinned plaid. If there's one item that was as ubiquitous in the '80s as it is today, it's leggings. Alongside the aerobics craze of the decade, Spandex became a bona fide fashion trend—though back then, they were worn with leg warmers, off-the-shoulder sweatshirts, and/or scrunchies. For more professionally minded women, the broad-shouldered power suit became an office staple—and for good reason. As historian Bonnie English writes in A Cultural History of Fashion in the 20th and 21st Centuries, "Women in professional careers used fashion as a political language to illustrate their expectations of power and position in the management structures of large corporations." If you were going to be shattering the glass ceiling, you might as well be wearing shoulder pads. The youth-oriented culture of the "Smells Like Teen Spirit" decade was fertile ground for grunge to take hold, as it did following Marc Jacobs's groundbreaking S/S 93 collection for Perry Ellis (and the Vogue spread that followed). Teens and 20-somethings embraced baggy flannels and floral prints—and still today snap them up in vintage stores. Elsewhere, minimalism became big news in fashion, with slip dresses, sheer fabrics, and a palette of black, gray, and white ruling the runways. Finally, hip-hop's influence extended to the mainstream, with the MTV generation copying looks they saw on artists like TLC, Aaliyah, and Salt-N-Pepa. Ah, yes, the decade of the tracksuit. Beloved by the likes of J.Lo, Paris Hilton, and Britney Spears throughout the early- to mid-aughts, Juicy Couture's terry cloth and velour sweatsuits are already a nostalgic item that certain celebs—not to mention the brand itself—are trying to bring back. Graphic T-shirts ("Team Aniston" versus "Team Jolie," anyone?), bare midriffs, and logo-heavy It bags also reigned supreme. (Hopefully, the trucker-hat trend will stay firmly in 2004, though some celebs are attempting to revive it.) With nine years of the decade behind us, we feel safe in our predictions as to which trends will endure most over time. Skinny jeans came into their own this decade after gradually making their way into the mainstream, and despite endless articles heralding their death, they're not likely to be going anywhere anytime soon. Same goes for athleisure (and, to a smaller extent, its more ephemeral cousin, normcore): Now that we've experienced the joys of walking around in sneakers, tees, and hoodies all day while still looking stylish, who would want to go back? This post was published at an earlier date and has been updated.

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lifesobeautiful · 6 years

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How Our Most Celebrated Geniuses Defeated Creative Block

Do you understand your own mind? Do you know how to spark creativity at will?

Probably not. Nobody does.

In the 21st century, we have maps of the brain. There are libraries of books on psychology, behavior, and self-improvement but the very wealth of literature demonstrates very little to no knowledge of what really goes on in that gray matter.

When you’re working towards a deadline and the ideas aren’t flowing or when you’re building a masterpiece and you’re facing a lot of problems, the idea of a hack or shortcut to the solutions can seem attractive.

Unfortunately, there is no switch you can flick to ignite that lightbulb moment in your brain. There are, however, plenty of things you can try. And we have centuries of geniuses to refer to when looking for such hacks.

Here’s a look at how some of our most inspired artists and inventors got their creative juices flowing.

Distract yourself

Many of these celebrated figures recognized that there was a part of the human mind that works on problems just below the surface of conscious thought. Of course, we know of this place as the subconscious. But waiting for ideas to reveal themselves in your dreams is unlikely to provide results before your deadline hits.

In fact, sometimes, it’s best to go in the opposite direction. If you quiet your mind and reduce the clutter, the voice from downstairs might become audible.

How you do this depends on your preferences and circumstances.

Igor Stravinsky, perhaps the most talented Russian composer of the 20th century, would stand on his head to shake the ideas out. Bizarrely, he believed that his action allowed his head to rest. In truth, it’s likely that concentrating on his balance took Stravinsky’s mind off of his work for a moment. That allowed new ideas to surface.

Steve Jobs notoriously used to bathe his feet in toilet water when he hit a wall. He said that he would do so to reduce stress. The cold water on his feet must have got him out of his head for a while. A regular footbath, or something more strenuous like a round of table tennis, are slightly more sanitary methods you might try.

Take a shortcut to your subconscious

The surrealists, an artist movement originating in the 1920s, believed the subconscious contained a wealth of ideas and solutions that modern man and woman were neglecting. They had many ways of trying to access these, including games such as ‘exquisite corpse’ and stream-of-conscious writing and drawing.

Salvador Dali, perhaps the most famous of the surrealists, had many such methods. One included trying to exploit the moments between waking and sleeping, in which strange images, thoughts, and solutions appear to us, only to evaporate. In order to capture that moment, he would retire with a key held above a plate. When he nodded off, the clatter of the falling key would wake him up immediately.

The Japanese inventor Nakamatsu Yoshirō tried the same, only with death rather than sleep!

In what sounds like a scene from Flatliners, he would hold his head under water until the brink of drowning. Remarkably, he has submitted over three thousand patents and somehow made it to the ripe age of 90. That said, this is not a technique to try at home.

And the greatest inventor of all time, Serbian-American Nikola Tesla, had the habit of curling his toes one hundred times before bed. He believed this was tuning his brain and it’s hard to argue with the man who harnessed electricity for us. But more likely the exercise got Tesla into a kind of meditative or trance-like state.

Create your ideal conditions

Torturing yourself to access those hidden fruits is not a wise idea. When you’re uncomfortable, your mind can be too busy dealing with the heat or the pain to actually get to work on the important stuff.

Truman Capote certainly believed this. He composed his novels and reports in recline and with a glass of sherry on hand. And the crime novelist Agatha Christie used to write in the bath. Of course, she wasn’t hindered (or electrocuted) by a laptop.

Try experimenting with your ideal work conditions. It can be tough to get the right balance of being comfortable without lulling yourself to sleep, but it just takes trying a few alternatives until you get it right.

Stimulate yourself

Christie had an odd habit in the bath: she used to eat apples while she worked and then line the cores up along the rim. Today, some people knowingly eat apples as a healthy alternative to drinking coffee. Containing 13 grams of natural sugar, an apple can give you that jolt that you normally get from caffeine.

Honoré de Balzac is another celebrated novelist with a tremendous output of inspired material. But he chose to stick with coffee, believing that under the caffeine influence “ideas quick-march into motion like battalions of a grand army to its legendary fighting ground and the battle rages.”

Unfortunately, it was the bad stomach resulting from this coffee addiction that finally killed him. Balance, people!

Change things up

Theodor Seuss Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss, had an appropriately eccentric approach to writer’s block: he would enter his secret closet and pick one of his hundreds of weird and wonderful hats to wear while he worked.

This suggests a couple of ideas you can try without making a major investment in millinery. For one thing, you could take the actor’s ‘outside-in’ approach and try changing what you wear to alter your state of mind. That might be as simple as putting on shoes to work or a suit when normally you’d be casual.

Or you might try adopting another personality for an hour. Got an unsolvable problem? Imagine you’re Steve Jobs, Salvador Dali, or Agatha Christie, and try to work it out from their perspective.

One day you might even attain their level of income!

G. John Cole

John writes on behalf of The Business Backer. A digital nomad specializing in leadership, digital media, and personal growth topics, his passions include world cinema and biscuits. A native Englishman, he is always on the move, but can most commonly be spotted in the UK, Norway, and the Balkans.

LinkedIn: https://ift.tt/2l63cxu Twitter: https://twitter.com/gjohncole Gravatar: https://ift.tt/2wxZBck

The post How Our Most Celebrated Geniuses Defeated Creative Block appeared first on Dumb Little Man.

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fundforteachers · 7 years

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A Fellow team from Alta Vista High School in Kansas City, MO, designed their 2016 FFT grant to document in France experiences of the immigrant population to create authentic writing samples about displacement, immigration and identity that engage students' passions through a lens of cultural responsiveness. Below is an excerpt from the blog written by team member Sarah Geisler...

“I Am With Them”

I have been thinking about this phrase a lot in the last few days. On Tuesday, we saw an exhibition by photographer and documentarian Anne A-R at L’institut du monde arabe (the Arab World Institute) called “I AM with them.” It featured photos and stories of refugees from the Middle East. The artist visited several refugee camps in Europe, roughly following the succession of camps one would encounter on the way to European countries.

We have struggled a bit with word choice while here. In our school projects (and in our grant proposal), we refer to “displacement” frequently, using it almost as a synonym for “immigration.” I realize now we must change that language, using the more precise terms of “migrant” (someone moving for economic reasons) and “refugee” (someone moving for safety reasons). Throughout our trip, we have looked primarily at migrants - immigrants coming to France for work. The current refugee crisis, however, begs some of our attention; the experiences of these people cannot be ignored.

I cried in the museum. If you know me well, you know that this isn’t saying much. But Mary Claire and Mike can vouch for the emotional weight of the photos and stories: 70-year-olds leaving their homelands; the individuals who have been injured in war and are carried by their friends across countries; people my age who left their sweethearts in Syria and know they’ll never seen them again; 12-year-olds who can express their hatred of war and hope for the future; toddlers who are somehow surviving freezing temperatures, illness and little food. The exhibit moved me in a way few stories about the refugee crisis have. To hear their own words, to look into their eyes, to realize how easily I could have been born into that life instead of my own - it’s hard to ignore the suffering.

Because I’m no different from them. I simply live on a different piece of land.

In the last ten days, we have seen a variety of perspectives on immigration in France: museums dedicated to the history of people along the Mediterranean and in Arabia, as well as the history of immigration in France; the Grande Mosquée of Paris; various immigrant neighborhoods and markets in Marseille and Paris; and the generous people we interviewed. Through all of these lenses, I still see my findings from a previous post.

Our similarities are greater than our differences.

In the words of IAU College professor Yumna Masarwa, “I don’t care if you’re orange, blue, black, white or green.” She says she works to fight stereotypes and show her American students in Marseille just how similar they are to people who seem to come from another world. Yumna talked to us a lot about the “otherness” felt by second-generation Muslim immigrants in France. According to her, these self-identified “Beurs” are Muslims who were born and raised in France, who speak French and don’t speak Arabic, who have seldom or never been to the country of their ancestors, who embrace western values, yet who are still not accepted by French society. They are considered not fully French, perhaps reflecting their separation from or invisibility within the dominant culture here, despite wanting to be a part of it. Yumna said this ostracization leads to the feelings of hurt and animosity toward Europe, ultimately contributing to the tension felt between France and its Muslim population.

And all of this makes sense. After all, haven’t we framed our fellowship around this distinction between French society and French Muslims? It’s so easy to see the differences and the problems they cause. As someone who loves traveling to new countries, I enjoy getting to know cultures foreign to me and studying our differences. But I’m starting to feel like we too often focus on the differences - positive or negative - rather than our common bonds.

According to Aboubakr Jamai, another IAU College professor, the media contributes to these divides. He called the current situation in France “poisonous;” Islam and France’s emphasis on secularism, immigration and terrorism are creating “perfect storm,” in his words, for the growth of extreme right-wing political rhetoric from the National Front. This anti-immigrant party has risen, in part, from the idea that Muslims and immigrants do not currently fit into the French identity. On Wednesday, we spoke with Simon, a Parisian native, who explained that France is facing almost an identity crises; do the French accept newcomers as they are, or do they force them to assimilate to French ideals (such as not wearing headscarves) in order to be considered French?

Essentially, the French are asking themselves, Who am I? And who are “we”?

Asking those questions through an us-versus-them lens, however, only serves to divide us - even though the separation is false. Yumna told of American students in her course this spring who met and spent time with Muslims in Marseille the day before the attacks in Brussels. When some of their classmates made anti-Muslim remarks after the attacks, the students defended the people they met. “They’re not to blame,” they said. “They’re just like us.”

We’ve seen these false divides even in the Euro Cup soccer tournament that has dominated our visit. The teams all have different colors, and we can differentiate the fans by jerseys on the street. Yet all of the chants and songs sound oddly similar and are even identical copies of what we sing at Sporting KC games.

It reminds me of the discussions I had with my high school students right after the Paris attacks. “Je suis Paris” was appearing all over social media, but we also looked at other atrocities with many people killed the same week that lacked the worldwide support we showed to Paris - simply because they were far away and involved people who looked different from us. As Aboubakr challenged, “How many people died in Paris - and how many people are dying daily in Syria?”

Our tunnel vision toward France – toward those who look and act like us – reflects the tangible connection between the United States and Europe. As much as Americans (and probably Europeans) might like to deny our bonds, the similarities are undeniable.

In terms of immigration, our experiences here have shown that America and France are mirror images.

History: Both countries saw immigration largely from European countries in the 19th century, which gave way to immigration from Central and South American, African and Asian countries in the latter 20th and early 21st centuries.

Economic Factors: Economy largely propels migration, meaning we are more willing to welcome immigrants when there are plenty of open jobs, whereas we look less favorably on immigration during economic slumps.

Borders: France relies on the Mediterranean Sea as a natural border. The United States has created its own border to control immigration from/through Mexico. At Musée national de l’histoire de l’immigration (the Museum of the History of Immigration in Paris), we saw an exhibit called “Frontières,” or “Borders.” The exhibit featured photos, documentaries, artifacts and many questions around the idea of borders – natural or constructed – between countries. Why do we create them? Why do we maintain them? What impact do they have on the people around them and those trying to cross them? The first section of the exhibit showed places in the world where man-made borders separate people: India/Bangladesh, Israel/West Bank, North Korea/South Korea…and the United States/Mexico. I felt embarrassed to have my country counted among those.

Joining the New Country: In the US, we often stress the importance of assimilation; immigrants, we have long said, must become like Americans in order to be accepted. This celebrates sameness over diversity, and it is similar to the “integration” process France emphasizes for its immigrants. Newcomers to France are expected to give up parts of their own heritage to look and act authentically French. In both countries, schools are the places where much of this assimilation/integration is supposed to happen. On a more basic legal level, both countries have strict laws regarding the status of immigrants. Papers have become a large issue in France, and I know firsthand the struggles people (students in particular) who are undocumented face in America. The countries put barriers in place to make it difficult to succeed there, if one is not supposed to. (Yumna said her African American and Latino American students who are studying abroad in Marseille often identify with Muslims in Europe; it struck me that my students might be much like the Beurs – second-generation immigrants who struggle with full acceptance into society, no matter how “French” or “American” they act.)

Negative Attitudes toward Immigrants: This is a big one and the topic in which we first saw reflections of America in France. In the United States, we often, especially recently, respond to immigration with fear and resentment; we have seen this same pattern in France. And just as Donald Trump has used inflammatory, anti-immigrant rhetoric to tap into those emotions in the US, the National Front has risen in France. Are these movements different from those we’ve seen in past decades and centuries? Are these negative attitudes new or simply finding a (rather loud) voice? Dr. Carl Jubran, the president of IAU College, claimed that the reason the richest countries in the world (UAE, Bahrain, etc.) accept few immigrants and refugees is that they are “more honest about their racism,” insinuating that countries like the US and France struggle with immigration because we refuse to admit our own biases. The part of me who believes in the goodness of humanity desperately hopes we are better than that, but the deeply hateful rhetoric – and support of that rhetoric – scares me.

This brings me to the phrase we saw painted on sidewalks, etched into schools (see photo above) and scrawled on walls across France: Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité – Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood. It’s the national motto of France and a nice post-revolutionary gesture, emphasizing the rights of the people and the importance of community.

But is it real? Is it possible? Carl lamented that in the West, we lean not toward brotherhood but instead, away from each other. By “othering” people, we treat them not only as unlike ourselves, but unlike humans. I see this in the United States and in France. Can the French really claim the importance of fraternité while denying access to or acceptance of newcomers? It goes directly against the third leg of their national values.

In the “Frontières” exhibit, the Museum of the History of Immigration asks, “Is a borderless world possible?” I have long struggled with the concept of national borders, seeing them as somewhat arbitrary and artificially constructed, serving only to create barriers between people. I would love to see a borderless world. After this trip and much reflection, though, it seems nearly impossible; there are so many histories, values, biases – so very many issues – that would prevent it. Similarly, the ideal of fraternité seems false and nearly unattainable for France and the United States, simply because we focus too much on what makes people “others.”

The cynic in me feels almost hopeless in the face of such réalités. But I can’t be a total cynic – otherwise, how could I be a teacher?

The goals of fraternité and a borderless world cannot be achieved if we don’t work toward them. We need people to believe that they are possible and worth fighting for, and we need people to continue to break down the physical and metaphorical walls between us. Mike, Mary Claire and I strive for this in our classrooms, tearing down walls piece by piece. At times, the struggle seems too much and the progress too little, too slow. After ten days in France, though, I feel reenergized to continue to cross barriers and form connections between my students and me, and between the world and us.

In doing so, we can really live up to my new ideal of “I am with them.” Because it is in those spaces of shared identity that we can build community.

For more on these teachers’ fellowship, visit the blog they maintained throughout their research.

#Fund for Teachers #FFTFellow #Immigration #Migrants #Refugees #refugee crisis #travel ban #othering #teachergrant #fellowship #teacherleaders #SSchat

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idontevenwannaknow · 6 years

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Top Fashion Tips This Summer

It seems that nothing changes a lot more than women's fashion. Trying to keep track of the most up-to-date trends, whilst keeping the expense of clothes from having a toll on your pocketbook, can be frustrating and exhausting. Many women stop trying wanting to be fashionable and just turn to replacing clothing that gets worn out. However, a less arduous method to keep track of fashion having to break the bank is to apply that which you curently have to generate new, fashionable looks. If you'll perform the most standing pose to get a portrait or for commercial modeling, you have to slightly put weight one foot and cross another foot in the front. Slightly bend the lower limb you've put in front so your body will twist somewhat on the hip. Put your hands in your sides. Keep them relaxed, however, not an excessive amount of that the shoulders would sag. Remember to keep a straight back and square shoulders. This is a classic pose that you'll see in many full-body shots plus print advertisements that could want to present simplicity, elegance, and minimalism. If you feel awkward about just getting your hands on your sides, one variation from the basic standing pose would be to casually put one hand on the hip. For some people, this might look holistic. It also projects more confidence. This is why you can see this pose made by contestants in lots of beauty pageants. For men who're wearing standard trousers, it might be best to put your hand, aside from your thumb, inside pocket.

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easytravelpw-blog · 6 years

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Full text write on https://easy-travel.pw/top-20-most-popular-uk-cities-for-international-visitors/england/

Top 20 Most Popular UK Cities for International Visitors

01 of 20

London and Edinburgh Lead the Top 20

Giuseppe Torre/Getty Images

The Office of National Statistics, which keeps track of such things, has named the UK cities most visited by international visitors. You'd expect London to be number one and Edinburgh, coming in at number two isn't much of a shock either. But some of the other destinations in the UK Top 20 list, may surprise you. Check out their profiles to find out what makes each of them so popular.

London

Home of the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, The Tower of London, Westminster Abbey, The British Museum and more British Icons, London is a world center of theatre, art, music, literature and culture. It's also a city of colorful markets, great shopping, green open spaces and a cosmopolitan culture.

London is home to 7.5 million people, or 12.5 per cent of the UK's population. Not counting visitors, more than 1.5 million Londoners come from abroad. They speak 300 different languages. On top of its cosmopolitan locals, London welcomes more than 25 million visitors a year through its five airports, national rail stations and Eurostar terminal, the gateway to the continent.

Continue to 2 of 20 below.

02 of 20

Edinburgh

John Lawson/Getty Images

Scotland's capital and the seat of its Parliament, Edinburgh combines the young and modern sensibilities of a great university city and national capital with a historic and dramatic setting. Here you'll find the world's biggest performing arts festival, a 1,000 year old castle and a mountain – Arthur's Seat – right in the middle of town. And, Edinburgh's annual New Year's celebration – Hogmanay – is four-day street party to end all street parties.

Edinburgh has about half a million people people, including more than 62,000 university students. At least 13 million people visit every year. During the main festival month of August, the population of Edinburgh swells by more than one million, making it, temporarily, the UK's second largest city.

Festival Edinburgh – From the end of June through to early September, Edinburgh reels through one festival after another. Film, books, art, music, television and jazz, the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo and the Edinburgh International Festival are just some of the summer festivals. But the big event is the world famous Edinburgh Fringe, a free-for-all of drama, music, comedy and street theater that veers wildly from brilliant to dire and that takes over the whole city for most of August.

Come winter and Edinburgh folks are ready to party again, staging the world's biggest New Year's celebration, Hogmanay. The torchlight parades, fire festival events, concerts, fun fairs and winter swims go on for four days. What a hangover.

Edinburgh Travel Guide

How to Survive the Edinburgh Fringe

Edinburgh Hogmanay

Ten Cheap Hotels in Edinburgh

Top TripAdvisor Edinburgh Hotel Deals

Continue to 3 of 20 below.

03 of 20

Manchester

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Manchester is often called the first modern city. In the 18th century this Northwestern city, 30 miles from Liverpool, was the cotton making capital of the world and one of the breeding grounds of the industrial revolution. Its entrepreneurs and industrial tycoons endowed it with museums, galleries, theatres and libraries as well as outstanding civic architecture. A devastating IRA bomb in 1996 created the need for city center regeneration resulting in a new, dramatic 21st century cityscape.

Today, some of the most exciting architecture in Britain can be found in Manchester and the nearby Salford Quays area. Among the highlights are Bridgewater Hall, home of Manchester's Hallé Orchestra; Urbis, a glass curtain-walled exhibition center, and the Imperial War Museum, designed by Daniel Libeskind.

Music City

Manchester has long been a hot bed of the indie and pop music scenes. Among the bands and artists who got their start, Manchester can claim Elkie Brooks, Take That, Freddie and the Dreamers, Hermans Hermits, The Hollies, Oasis, Simply Red, The Smiths, The Stone Roses, Morrissey and dozens more.

Today a large student population keeps Manchester's club scene as lively as ever. And, as one of the gateways to England's Lake District, Manchester makes a good anchor for a two base vacation, combining outdoor activities with urban nightlife.

Manchester Travel Guide

Christmas Markets in Manchester

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04 of 20

Birmingham

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A combination of entrepreneurial daring and engineering know-how made Birmingham the manufacturing engine of Britain through the 19th century and most of the 20th. James Watt first commercially manufactured his steam engine here; the transatlantic cable and the Orient Express were Birmingham built, and this was the heartland of the British motor industry.

Birmingham also has several tasty claims to fame. George Cadbury made his choccies here and his his Bourneville Estate was an early planned community. In more recent times, Birmingham has become the heartland of that Anglo-Punjabi speciality, Balti cuisine.

With a population of more than a million, Birmingham is the UK's second largest city.It's a vibrant, multi-ethnic destination with a lively arts and music scene and some of England's best shopping. Its Selfridges – the company's first store outside of London, is an ultra-modern building that looks like it just landed from outer space.

Music With a Brummie Accent

Heavy Metal is a Birmingham sound. Both Judas Priest and Black Sabbath were local bands. And Ozzie Osborne is a native son. Other styles of music thrive in Birmingham too. The city kick started the careers of Duran Duran, ELO and UB40.

How Not To Get Lost in the Balti Triangle

Born Again Shopping in the UK's Second City

With it's great shopping and the huge NEC conference center as draws, Birmingham has loads of visitors. Sadly it doesn't have nearly enough hotels to meet the demand. So if you are planning on heading there for a special event, plan on booking early.

TripAdvisor's Best Deals in Birmingham

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05 of 20

Glasgow

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Scotland's largest city and the third largest city in the UK, Glasgow's had long taken a back seat to Edinburgh with tourists and visitors. Its reputation as a rough, crime-ridden, dirty and hard drinking city put people off. But, since the mid 1980s, Glaswegians have worked hard to turn that image around.

And they've succeeded.

In 1995, Glasgow was European Capital of Culture. The award wasn't for the heritage culture that enlivens Edinburgh but for an entirely more contemporary vibe. And it keeps getting better. In 2008, Lonely Planet named Glasgow one of the top 10 cities for tourists. In the same year, the Mercer report, a quality of life survey, put Glasgow among the top 50 safest cities of the world. Nervous tourists note: that was more than 30 places higher than London.

Today, Billy Connolly's home town is a hip destination for contemporary art, jazz, clubs, comedy, design and fashion (of both the chic and the gutsy street kind). It's also the gateway to the Western Highlands. Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park is about half an hour away.

Check out Glasgow's sensational Riverside Museum

citizenM, a hip Glasgow hotel for travelers of the mobile generation

TripAdvisor's Best Value Hotels in Glasgow

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06 of 20

Liverpool

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When visitors think of Liverpool, the Beatles come immediately to mind. And, of course, there's plenty to do that's Beatles related – not least of which is is visit to the famous Cavern Club.

In 2008, the mantle of European Capital of Culture landed on Liverpool, revitalizing this city in England's northwest, as the award often does. Liverpool's Albert Docks area became a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its role in the maritime history of Britain's. Visitors to the area can explore Liverpool's part in the history of the slave trade, commemorated in the world's only International Slavery Museum, in emigration to the New World and in the spread of trade and culture across the British Empire. The spotlight on the dock's history has also brought trendy clubs, hotels, shopping, dining and a Liverpool branch of the famous Tate Gallery to the immediate surrounding area.

Liverpool Travel Guide

How to Get to Liverpool

Over the years, Liverpool has had its ups and downs, so there are good bits and not so good bits. But the recent revival of interest in this historic city means there are quite a few new and trendy hotels.

Check guest reviews and prices for Hotels Near the Beatles Story on TripAdvisor

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07 of 20

Bristol

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Bristol, on the borders of Somerset and Gloucestershire, is a small, attractive city with a history of creativity and innovation. It makes a great base for touring with Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwick Castle, Bath, Stonehenge, Cheddar Gorge and Longleat all within easy reach.

Once one of England's most important ports, like Liverpool, it was a center for the triangular trade in the 17th and 18th centuries, shipping manufactured goods to Africa in exchange for slaves who were then transported to the Americas. Abolitionist Thomas Clarkson lived undercover at The Seven Stars Pub on Thomas Lane in the 18th century. He gathered the information about the slave trade that his friend William Wilberforce used to support the Act for the Abolition of Slavery. You can still raise a pint of real ale in the pub, open every day since 1760 and with a history that goes back to the 1600s.

Born in Bristol

From the pioneering Victorian engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel, to the leaders of today's cutting edge animations, Bristol has been a hot bed of talented innovators. Brunel, who designed Britain's first long distance railway, the Great Western between London and Bristol, also designed the first ocean-going, propeller-driven transatlantic steamship, the SS Great Britain and the Clifton Suspension Bridge (completed after Brunel's death). The bridge, over the Avon Gorge, is the symbol of Bristol.

The Bristol Old Vic, an offshoot of London's Old Vic Theatre, and its associated drama school, has populated international stages and screens with graduates. Cary Grant was born in Bristol; Patrick Stewart, Jeremy Irons, Greta Scacchi, Miranda Richardson, Helen Baxendale, Daniel Day-Lewis and Gene Wilder all learned their craft there.

Wallace & Gromit and Shaun the Sheep are also Bristol natives, having been created at the city's Aardman Animation. And the mysterious graffitti artist, Banksy, another Bristol native, has left his mark there.

Find out more about Bristol

Discover Clifton Village, Bristol's Best Kept Secret

Read a review of Bristol restaurant, The Glassboat

How to get from London to Bristol

Find Bristol Hotels near the landmark Clifton Suspension Bridge on TripAdvisor

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08 of 20

Oxford

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Oxford University is England's oldest university, dating back to the 11th century. It's the reason that many people make their way to this small city, 60 miles northwest of London, on the edge of the Cotswolds.

The city has England's oldest public museum, The Ashmolean, recently refurbished with its exhibition space doubled. Visitors can also enjoy shopping in a lively covered market, find an almost hidden pub that was popular when Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton were still hiding their affair from their respective spouses, explore a haunted castle and stay in a unique hotel that was once a jail.

And then, of course, there are the colleges. Visitors are welcome to stroll the fascinating, historic grounds and chapels of most – but not all – of the colleges. Others are only open during fixed times of day or as part of official guided tours. Official Guided Walking Tours, run by the Oxford Tourist Information Centre, take in the colleges, other Oxford landmarks and Oxford movie locations – including some used in the Harry Potter films.

Oxford makes a great London Day Trip, with or without a car. It's also a useful base for exploring the Cotswolds; visiting Blenheim Palace in Woodstock, a ten minute bus trip away, or shopping till you drop at Bicester Village, one of the UK's best designer discount centers.

A Guide to an Oxford Walk

An Afternoon in Oxford

Malmaison Oxford Castle- Going to jail has never been so good. And don't just take my word for it.

The Turf Tavern, Oxford's secret pub

Brown's Cafe – Cheap Eats in Oxford

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09 of 20

Cambridge

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Cambridge, like Oxford its traditional rival, grew out of an association of scholars who settled in one place and founded the colleges. According to tradition, Cambridge – Britain's second oldest University – was founded in 1209 when a group of scholars fled Oxford after a disagreement with local townspeople.

Smaller and less urban than Oxford, Cambridge is, nevertheless, a lively place full of fascinating museums and galleries, theatres, an improving restaurant scene and pubs.

The colleges themselves, which together have produced more Nobel Prize winners than any university in the world, are masterpieces of Medieval, Tudor and Jacobean architecture. Among the standouts open to visitors, Kings College Chapel, with its soaring thistle vaulted ceiling, is a must.

From April to September, Cambridge can be packed with tourists who arrive on buses, stay a few hours and skedaddle. But train services from London are frequent and journey times relatively short so it's a shame not to linger a bit longer to explore some of the lovely gardens along the Backs (where Cambridge colleges back up onto the River Cam). Because of the crowds, many of the colleges now charge an entry fee to visit their grounds and limit opening hours.

Taking a Punt at a Punt

Punts are the traditional, flat boats propelled along the Cam and Granchester rivers with poles. The punter stands and pushes the pole into the mud. It's not as easy as it looks and more than one beginner has either lost a pole or been left clinging to one as the punt floats on. Nowadays, visitors can hire a chauffeured punt (the chauffeur will probably be a student) for a guided cruise along the Backs. It's lazy but can be fun.

Find out more about visiting Cambridge

Christmas Eve at Kings

One of Cambridge's shortcomings is a dearth of really nice hotels near the center. One of the most interesting, however, is The Moller Centre, part of Churchill College. It's a conference center at heart but anyone can stay in business class luxury at budget prices in this architecturally unusual place.

Check guest reviews and prices for Cambridge Hotels on TripAdvisor

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10 of 20

Cardiff

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Cardiff, the capital of Wales and its largest city, has experienced a virtual renaissance. In a little over a decade its visitor numbers have increased by more than 50 percent. When the Millenniium Stadium, home of the Welsh national rugby union team and the Welsh national football team, opened in 1999, the city welcomed about 9 million foreign visitors. In 2009, that figure had risen to more than 14.6 million foreign visitors, with French and Irish rugby fans leading the way.

The rebirth of Cardiff includes redevelopment of the waterfront along Cardiff Bay. The Senedd, home of the Welsh National Assembly and designed by British architect Richard Rogers, opened there in 2006.

Nearby, the Wales Millennium Centre, opened in 2004, is a performance venue for theatre, musicals, opera, ballet, contemporary dance, hip hop, comedy, art and art workshops. It has two theaters and seven resident companies including the Welsh National Opera. Free performances take place in the center's foyer every day and visitors to the bars and restaurants can enjoy views of Cardiff Bay. The building is a striking landmark on its own, clad in Welsh slate, bronze colored steel, wood and glass, it is a reflection of the Welsh landscape.

The most famous features of the building, designed by Jonathan Adam, are the lines of poetry, made up of windows, that cross its facade. Written for the center by Welsh writer Gwyneth Lewis, the Welsh and English words are not translations of each other but are, in fact, two different short poems that complement each other. The words of the Welsh poem, “Creu Gwir Fel Gwydr O Ffwrnais Awen” (Creating truth like glass from the furnace of inspiration), are arranged beside the words of the English poem, “In these stones, horizons sing.” At night, light from inside the center shines through the windows.

Not everything about Cardiff is brand new. Cardiff Castle began its life as a Roman garrison, about 2000 years ago. It has been a Norman castle keep and home to a variety of noble families. In the 19th centuries, the Marquess of Bute had the living quarters transformed into a Victorian fantasy castle with fabulous and opulent interiors. Today it belongs to the city of Cardiff and the castle, along with its surrounding parkland, is the scene of festivals and events throughout the year.

Cardiff's post millennial revival and its position as the seat of the newly devolved Welsh government means the hotel and accommodation selection is very good.

Find out more about Cardiff

RHS Cardiff Flower Show in Cardiff Castle

Cardiff Singer of the World Competition

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11 of 20

Brighton

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Brighton is hip, colorful and – unusually for a seaside resort – urban. “London's beach”, 60 miles from the capital, is a year-round day trip or short break destination with lots more to offer than its seafront.

Shopping, dining, a hoot of a fantasy palace, a brilliant aquarium, great nightlife and theater, block after block of Regency houses – not to mention the most scenic pier in Britain – combine with a tolerant and breezy ambience to make Brighton a very cool place to visit and an even cooler place to stay awhile.

If you like cities (warts and all) and you share Brighton's tolerant, open attitude, you will love it. Millions of people do. At least 8 million people visit Brighton annually – about 6.5 million for day trips. Brighton Pier alone gets 4.5 million visitors a year. The city regularly ranks among the top 20 for overseas visitors and is among Britain's top 10 visitor destinations overall. It is also one of Britain's most popular gay destinations with a large resident gay population.

It may be London's beach, but don't expect to pop into the sea. The water is usually pretty cold and the shingle beach is not to everyone's taste. But all kinds of watersports fans, surfers, paddle and wind surfers do love it. And strolling along the seaside or lazing on the beach is just part of Brighton's appeal.

Come for amazing shopping in the Lanes and the North Laine, goggle at the Royal Pavilion, eat lots of great fish and chips and enjoy the festival and club scene. It's a quick day trip by train from London and one you don't want to miss.

Plan a Brighton Getaway

Brighton Seafront and Brighton's Piers

Shopping in Brighton – The Lanes and the North Laine

Find Best Value Brighton Beach Hotels on TripAdvisor

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12 of 20

Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Gateshead

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Newcastle-upon-Tyne began its history as a major Roman fort defending the eastern end of Hadrian's Wall. The evidence is still there at the Arbeia Roman Fort & Museum a reconstruction of the fort that guarded the mouth of the Tyne, with a museum full of archeological finds from the site.

In the early Middle Ages, after the departure of the Romans, the Venerable Bede, an Anglo Saxon monk, lived and wrote his histories of early Britain at Jarrow, just down river from Newcastle on the south bank of the Tyne. Bedes World, in Jarrow is a new museum and World Heritage Site candidate near the ruins of Bede's Anglo Saxon monastery.

Fast Forward

Newcastle is a good base for exploring of the northeast of England, but don't be surprised if the locals could care less about all that impressive history. They have their eyes firmly fixed on today and tomorrow.

Newcastle nightlife is legendary, spawning bands, performance artists and good times in quantity. Back in the 1960s, Jimi Hendrix lived and busked in Newcastle. He was discovered and managed by Chas Chandler, a musician with Newcastle band, The Animals. Dire Straits was a Newcastle band and Sting is a Geordie boy. (“Geordies” are natives of Newcastle). One of England's big university cities, students keep the Newcastle music scene alive and kicking.

Since the Millennium, the Newcastle/Gateshead Quays have been transformed into a futuristic and arty landscape. The Newcastle/Gateshead Millennium Bridge is a unique pedestrian “drawbridge”. Instead of splitting and opening to allow tall boat traffic through, the bottom, pedestrian deck of the bridge tips up to meet the support arch, like an eyelid, opening and closing.

The Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art on the quayside, is a huge contemporary art space – the biggest exhibition space of its kind in the world. Before its transformation into a cutting edge visual arts exhibition center, it was an enormous and abandoned flour and animal feed mill. Not far away, The Sage Gateshead, is an ultra modern music performance and learning center. Rock, pop, classical, acoustic, indie, couontry, folk, electronic, dance and world music are all welcome in Sage's gleaming bubbles of stainless steel and glass. The Northern Sinfonia has its home at the Sage.

Geordies The native dialect of Newcastle, Geordie, is distinctive and one of the oldest in England. If you've ever seen actor Jimmy Nail or Girls Aloud singer Cheryl Cole, you've heard this inimitable accent.

Read more about Newcastle/Gateshead

How to get to Newscastle from London

TripAdvisor Deals in Newcastle-upon-Tyne

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13 of 20

Leeds

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People sometimes dub Leeds The Knightsbridge of the North because this city, built on a tradition of wool, textile and clothing manufacture, is one of the UK's major retail and fashion hubs. Glamorous shops are housed in some of the most splendid Victorian arcades in Europe. Famous Harvey Nichols established its first store outside of London here. And one of Britain's most famous businesses, Marks & Spencer, began its life as a humble market stall in Leeds Kirkgate Market.

21st Century Leeds

Leeds is a thoroughly wired up place. Leeds IT companies host more than a third of all UK Internet traffic and there are more ISDN lines per head of population than any other major city in the world. A new Internet Quarter, full of call centers and server farms, is in the works.

Currently the UK's third largest city, Leeds is also the fastest growing city in Britain. Its population of three quarters of a million includes more than 100,000 university and college students who support a lively music scene. There are about 1,500 bands currently active in Leeds. Among the city's recent success stories, the Kaiser Chiefs and Corinne Bailey Rae hail from this Yorkshire city.

And speaking of Yorkshire

Leeds is well placed for some nightlife and retail therapy as part of a tour of the beautiful Yorkshire countryside. It's also less than half an hour, by train or car, from the Medieval, walled city of York.

Leeds Victorian and Edwardian Shopping Arcades

UK Music Festivals – The Leeds & Reading Festivals

42 The Calls is one of Leeds most interesting little hotels – with a great breakfast.

Best Value TripAdvisor Hotels in Leeds

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14 of 20

York

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The small northern English city of York has been an important population center for at least 2,000 years. As a Roman, Viking and Medieval Anglo Saxon city, its relics, monuments and architectural treasures are woven into the fabric of everyday modern life.

It's a lovely city for walking, with something interesting – and hundreds of half-timbered buildings – to look at and explore at every turn. Markets – in the same squares and stalls they have occupied for hundreds of years – sell everything from fruit and vegetables to snazzy hats, designer kitchen utensils and music DVDs. Boutique shops that line York's winding lanes provide plenty of prey for the avid fashion hunter. Some of the best shopping streets are mentioned in the Domesday Book and have been commercial centers for more than 900 years.

York Minster, one of Europe's greatest gothic cathedrals, dominates the city, visible from any vantage point within the walls. It has a stained glass window bigger than a tennis court and a crypt where you can explore the Minster's Roman foundations.

Pictures of Medieval York

Fantastic Facts About York Minster

Walking the Snickelways of Medieval York

Ten Cheap Hotels in York

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15 of 20

Inverness

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On it's own, it might be hard to understand why Inverness, on the River Ness near the head of the Moray Firth, is among Britain's top 20 cities for visitors. But Inverness is more than a quiet provincial city. It is the unofficial capital of the Highlands and the gateway to all that – for visitors at any rate – is Scottish about Scotland.

Culloden

Just outside of Inverness, the Culloden battlefield bears witness to one of the great lost causes in Scottish history. In 1746, the clans who supported a restoration of the Stuarts to the throne rallied behind Prince Charles Edward Stuart – known as Bonnie Prince Charlie – in what was known as the Jacobite cause. The climax, at Culloden was an hour-long battle in which at least 1,000 died. It led to the brutal “pacification” of the Highlands, the banning of clan chiefs and tartans and the attempted destruction of Highland culture. The story is explained at an outstanding visitors center, run by the National Trust of Scotland, on the iconic Culloden Battlefield site. Read a description of eve of battle and the battle itself, in Sir Walter Scott's novel, “Waverley”.

Loch Ness

A few miles southwest of Inverness, Loch Ness marks the last great body of water at northern end of the Great Glen, the deep channel of interconnected lochs and waterways that cuts across southwest to northeast across Scotland, from the North Atlantic to the North Sea. Coach and Caledonian Canal tours can be arranged to visit the loch to have a look out the legendary Loch Ness monster. Even if you don't spot Nessie, Loch Ness is a beautiful place to visit and home to Rock Ness – a rock festival with its own sea monster. Urquhart Castle is known to be a particularly good place for Nessie watching.

The Whiskey Trail and Beyond

East of Inverness, the area surrounding the River Spey, is prime territory for Scotch whisky tourism. Speyside distilleries make some of the most famous and most treasured whiskies in the world. Many are open to the public. The area is also popular for salmon fishing and shooting holidays.

Inverness also within easy striking distance of the Cairngorms and Cairngorm National Park – a popular skiing destination and home to Balmoral, the Queen's Scottish vacation home. And, if you are heading for Orkney, flying from Inverness is the fastest way to get there.

But one word of advice. Inverness on weekend nights can be an incredibly noisy place. If you are planning an early start for a cruise or a tour, find yourself a quiet hotel, away from the center.

Find out more about Loch Ness and Inverness

Book a three-day London to Loch Ness tour

Tour Glencoe, Loch Ness and the the Highlands from Edinburgh

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16 of 20

Bath

From its 2,000 year old Roman Baths to its Georgian terraces and Pump Room, the entire city of Bath is a UNESCO World Heritage site. Jane Austen enjoyed the health giving waters of Bath and its accompanying social scene, as did many of her characters. Besides offering visitors a feast of historic architecture, this small pleasant city has more than enough diversions for demanding modern weekenders – including great restaurants, top shopping, quirky museums, a lively cultural scene and, of course, a post millennial, multi-million pound, thermal spa.

Bath is a bit too far from London for a day trip that does justice to its many pleasures, but it makes a fine overnight getaway with lots of charming places to stay and dine. Among the sights, Bath Abbey, occupying a site that has been a place of Christian worship for 1,200 years; The Jane Austen Center; The Roman Baths and Pump Room, where 18th and 19th century high society socialized and where you can still taste the waters of the ancient spring – or stop for tea.

Bath is also a showcase of England's finest 18th century architecture, with stunning terraces of pristine, white houses that have formed the backdrops of countless films. No. 1 Royal Crescent. the first house built on Bath's iconic, 18th century Royal Crescent is now open as a museum. Restored and authentically furnished, it offers a glimpse into fashionable 18th century life.

And shop hounds will also enjoy Bath. It's shopping areas are crammed with independent boutiques – fashion, antiques, jewelry and more.

Watch a video of the Royal Crescent and the Circus in Bath

Thermae Bath Spa – Bath's Ultramodern Thermal Spa

Bath Christmas Market

Best Value TripAdvisor Hotels in Bath

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17 of 20

Nottingham

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Visitors to Nottingham will search in vain for the origins of the Robin Hood stories in Nottingham Castle, once base for wicked usurper King John and his henchman, the Sheriff of legend. It's now a 17th century ducal mansion. But Castle Rock and the cave system beneath it – a scheduled ancient monument, hint at a medieval (and earlier past).

North of the city, the remains of Sherwood Forest, 450 acres of Britain's most ancient oak trees, can still be visited.

Perhaps it was stories of the legendary Robin of Sherwood that turned Nottingham into the nursery for so many literary lights. Lord Byron's title came from the Nottinghamshire estate he inherited when he was ten years old and he is buried in a Nottinghamshire churchyard. D.H. Lawrence, son of a Nottinghamshire miner, grew up in ther area. And both J.M. Barrie, creator of “Peter Pan” and novelist Graham Greene cut their creative teeth on the Nottingham Daily Journal.

The Mayflower Trail

Visitors looking for the history of the Pilgrim Fathers, will find much of interest in the Nottingham area, the heart of Pilgrim Country. William Brewster, postmaster of Scrooby in Nottinghamshire, was instrumental in leading a group of Separatists to Holland in 1607. The group eventually fetched up on the shores of Massachusetts, founding the Plymouth Colony in 1620. The Mayflower Trail is a circular tour through the quiet villages of Nottinghamshire, Lincolnshire and Yorkshire that gave rise to the Separatist movement.

Student Travelers

It's not all about history and literature though. With two universities and 370 schools, Nottingham has the third largest student population in the UK and has the lively nightlight that goes with it. There are at least 300 bars, clubs and restaurants in Nottingham and several large music and dance venues to keep nightowls entertained.

Find out more about Nottingham

Read a review of Nottingham's Lace Market Hotel

Check guest reviews and prices for Nottingham Hotels on TripAdvisor

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18 of 20

Reading

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I have to confess I found it hard, at first, to understand why Reading made it to the top 20 list of popular UK cities. Though an important town in the Middle Ages, today Reading is largely a commercial center, important in the IT and insurance industries.

True, it is within a very short distance of some of England's iconic sites – Windsor Castle, Eton, as well as a raft of stately homes, scattered across Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire worth visiting. It's not far from the scene of the Henley Regatta and it does have a large university population.

But, what probably drives Reading into a top UK destination are two hugely popular festivals.

The Reading Comedy Festival, in the autumn, is three-weeks of stand-up attracting British and Irish comedians and their fans along with dozens of brave hopefuls to open mic events.

The Reading Festival, is one of the UK's biggest music festivals. It takes place on the August Bank Holiday weekend and has an unusual twist. The festival is paired with the Leeds Festival, that takes place on the same weekend with the same lineup. Artists appear at one of the festivals then rush across the country to the other to appear again.

When it comes to staying in Reading, I have to say that vacation hotels there are a non-starter for me. If you are going to one of the many festivals, you are more likely to camp, and if you are looking for real charm, the countryside all around has bags more. But Reading is also an important business center and the business traveler is well served.

Check reviews and prices for Reading Hotels on TripAdvisor

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19 of 20

Aberdeen

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Aberdeen, 130 miles northeast of Edinburgh on the North Sea coast, is something of a boom town. Before the discovery North Sea oil in the 1970s, Scotland's third largest city was a fishing port – it's still one of Britain's largest fishing harbors with a huge annual haul from its North Sea trawlers – and a university town. Aberdeen University's charter dates from the late 15th century.

The oil industry has brought oil tycoon prices. Shops, hotels and restaurants in Aberdeen have prices comparable to London. And for a city of less than 300,000, Aberdeen has remarkably good designer and boutique shopping.

The city is almost entirely built of local granite. In good weather, mica in the stone sparkles in the sun. But, to be honest, blue skies in this part of Scotland are pretty rare and in overcast weather, the characteristic greyness can be pretty grim.

Still, if industrial powerhouses are what you are after, Aberdeen may be a good stopover on your way to salmon fishing on the Dee. Aberdeen, which has Europe's biggest and busiest heliport, is sometimes known as the energy capital of Europe.

Find out more about Aberdeen

TripAdvisor Best Value Hotels in Aberdeen

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20 of 20

Chester

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The first time I saw Chester, I thought its street after street of beautifully kept half-timbered buildings could not be real. Surely I had stepped into a modern theme park.

As it happens, I was partly right. Chester's famous “Rows” are partly Victorian reproductions of earlier buildings. But some of the best are really Medieval. The rows are continuous rows of galleries, reached by steps from street level and forming a second level of shops. No one is quite sure why they were built in this way but some of them, including the Three Arches on Bridge Street, have been galleried shops since the 1200s, having survived the Black Death of the 13th century and the English Civil War of the 17th.

Roman Chester

Chester, and the four ancient street that make up it's High Cross district – Eastgate, Northgate, Watergate and Bridge – are more than a thousand year's older that its Medieval Rows. The walled city was actually founded as a Roman fort in 79 A.D., during the reign of Emperor Vespasian. It's one of the best preserved walled cities in England with some sections of the ramparts dating back 2000 years to the Roman originals. The city was a major center in the Roman province of Britannia. Recent excavations, the biggest archaeological dig in Britain, have uncovered a Roman amphitheater where fighting techniques were demonstrated.

Even if you're not a keen fan of history, Chester, in the heart of affluent Cheshire, is fun to visit. It's full of independent boutiques, has several good museums and art galleries, and is known for top restaurants, luxury hotels and spas.

Find out more about Chester

Check out hotels near Chester's historic Rows on TripAdvisor

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Is Running a Company Like Leading a Classroom? Steve Blank on Entrepreneurship and Education

Entrepreneur Steve Blank has served as a founder, investor and even in the air force. But there’s another title he’s is known for: professor.

Blank has earned a reputation among budding and veteran business leaders alike as the father of the Lean Startup movement, a business philosophy that popularized startup concepts like “pivoting” and “minimum viable product.” (Disclosure: Blank is an investor in EdSurge.) And he’s taught these ideas on business and innovation at Stanford, the University of California at Berkeley, Columbia and New York Universities. His course on the “lean” methodologies, called Lean Launchpad, is offered at more than 75 schools around the world and was one of the earliest to appear on the online course platform Udacity.

This week on the EdSurge On Air podcast, we talk to Steve about both his business and teaching careers, and how changes in the startup world are reflected in both the lean method and his courses. Listen below, or subscribe to the EdSurge On Air podcast on your favorite podcast app (like iTunes or Stitcher). Highlights from the conversation below have been lightly edited and condensed for clarity.

EdSurge: How did your ideas behind the Lean Startup come about?

Blank: As an entrepreneur in the 20th century, we were told in not so many words that startups were nothing more than smaller versions of large companies. You had an idea, you wrote a plan, you turn that into a set of slides, you raise money and then you executed for the plan. Then the VCs funded this idea you came up with. And there was very little notion that this plan was actually a set of hypotheses, and we were always surprised that startups didn't turn out the way we thought [would] in our business plan.

The big idea is that VCs simply assumed that any failure to execute the plan was a failure of the founders or the key people in the company. And so they tended to fire people, and each new person would come in with a slightly different idea. And so successful startups would eventually what we now call “pivot” by firing people rather than firing the business plan.

I kind of knew this in the back of my head, that there was something wrong. But you know what? I just did it like everybody else in Silicon Valley until I had time to retire and start thinking about the nature of innovation and entrepreneurship.

So what are the key tenants of the Lean Startup, and what does this model looks like?

The big idea was that startups were trying to copy what large companies did. Well, large companies execute known business models. But startups aren't executing anything at all. Startups are actually searching for a business model. This difference between search and execution had never been articulated before.

I built a process called “customer development,” which kicked off the Lean Startup model, and that basically said, “Look, I don't care whether the VCs gave you money or not. All you have is a series of untested hypotheses. So why don't we get outside and validate those hypotheses?”

So the Lean Startup started with my customer-development process, but very quickly when I started actually talking about this and teaching it at Berkeley, one of my students observed that 21st-century people were building products using agile methodologies, which is a fancy word for saying they were building products incrementally and iteratively. [The student] and I said, “Why don't we combine agile engineering with this customer development process so we could put things in front of customers early and often.”

This allowed us to do something which was unheard of in the 20th century, this notion of a pivot. A pivot is defined as a substantive change to one or more of the components of the business model, meaning, “Gee, I thought my customers would be these types of people. Holy cow, they're over here,” or, “I thought the customers would love these features, but they actually love features two, nine and twelve. Why don't we just focus on that?” Pivot gives you permission to change some of the fundamental premises of what you're doing.

Parts of the Lean Startup model seems to echo that Silicon Valley mantra of ‘move fast and break things.’ Do you agree with that, and is that a good thing?

Move fast and break things is kind of something that sounds good at the surface but you really want to understand what the heck that means. Move fast, of course that's the differentiator between startups and large companies. Break things, I'm not sure I understand what that means. Break things on purpose? Well that's certainly not a goal for Lean. If it means you're allowed to make mistakes, I'll understand it.

The whole idea about Lean is that we expect that you're wrong. It's not that we like to fail fast, it's that in Lean, we're testing a series of guesses, and implicitly most of them are going to be wrong. Maybe the better mantra is, ‘move fast and test things.’

Can the Lean model can be applied to all industries? I'm thinking about education in particular. Does the model work if the ‘user’ is a student or a school?

[Lean] is for a very specific set of circumstances, surprisingly which are mostly still valid today. But it's not a religion. Let me remind people what my intent was. It was designed in that post-dot com crash. It's hard to imagine now but venture capitalists were hiding under their desks, literally. They weren't writing checks, funds were underwater, so Lean was designed for a time when you needed to optimize your cash and make sure that everything had some evidence and probability of success. And do it at speed.

Now let's fast forward today: startups are raising hundreds of millions or billions of dollars, and revenue and profit are certainly not the key monitors. It might be user growth, it might be something else—it might be revenue growth and no profit. So you have to decide whether Lean is still appropriate or, "Gee, let's spend the cash as fast as we can because we want to become a unicorn."

Back to your question about how does it apply to education. Well, it certainly depends. Are we talking about an education startup? Are we talking about an existing school system? Are we talking about a large university or large existing program? Lean is appropriate in different ways, in different times, in different organizations. For example, Lean works great in startups that are cash constrained and resource constrained. Lean works poorly in large corporations unless you do a lot of other things around it, which we call an innovation pipeline. And that is even tougher inside of government agencies, which have even more constraints than companies and certainly a lot more than startups.

And by the way, the mistake for companies and government agencies is looking at all these startup tools and techniques we now have and saying, “Oh, all I need to do is run them inside of my large company and somehow magic will happen,” and it turns out what we end up there is with innovation theater not really innovation.

There's Lean and there's plenty of other models and ideas about how to make startups work. But we know that still today most startups fail. From your perspective as an educator, how much of this can actually be taught, and are early entrepreneurs going to listen?

One of the interesting things about entrepreneurial education is confusing teaching entrepreneurship with teaching accounting. It's not the same. Entrepreneurship and innovation is a experiential, hands-on activity. It's not a process you could teach out of the book. Entrepreneurs, and I mean founders, are as close to artists as any other profession, and that's a big idea for an educator. We've figured out over the last 500 years how to teach art. We realized that, yes, you want to teach some theory for artists, but essentially art is a set of apprenticeships and hands-on practice. It's an experiential type of activity for teaching.

The classes I build are experiential classes that teach theory but insist on practice. Can you imagine going to a brain surgeon who's never cracked a skull or a heart surgeon who’s never cracked a chest in a residency? You would run away fast.

What do you think that higher ed is doing right when it comes to teaching entrepreneurship, innovation or both?

We finally realized that we ought to be teaching. When I first started teaching innovation entrepreneurship at Berkeley at Stanford, I was trying to get this concept that we need a new way to think about how to teach. People would say, “Steve, no, we just need to teach them how to write a business plan and we need to teach them finance.” Those are nice but we were just not connecting. This is the problem for tenured educators, it's real easy to get stuck in your own structure. Great [educators] managed to pivot as well, to realize that something new has really come that's not a fad, that you really want to think about that maybe we ought to be changing how we look and do things, and that's tough.

Universities by design are not early adopters, let me underline that, universities are by design not early adopters. You don't want them to adopt the latest fad because by the time you get a syllabus approved or a new curriculum and whatever, if it's a fad you just wasted a ton of time and resources. But you also want to decide whether you want to be a late adopter, and that's usually not attractive for students. And so they figure out how to kind of constantly monitor what those changes are outside the building, and I give kudos to the ones who have figured out how to do that.

Are there any similarities between running a company and leading a classroom?

That's a great question. It's very funny, the first job I had in Silicon Valley was actually as a training instructor. I taught microprocessor design, and it was my first love. But I didn't realize that actually training to be an educator was actually training to be a leader. The ability to take complex systems, recognize patterns and explain it in a way that my mother could understand was actually a skill not only for an educator but was necessary for a VP of Marketing and eventually a CEO because you have to communicate to and motivate customers, investors and employees about what you're doing and why.

Educators are grappling with this rapidly-changing landscape of what to teach, how to teach. We are living in one of the most confusing and exciting times in the world, just trying to keep up with the changing shape of technology. What tech do I teach inside a classroom versus what's available outside? What methodologies do I teach? And how do I motivate students who are trying to decide whether innovation entrepreneurship is for them? I'm just impressed with the scale and the scope of the job, and I'm grateful for everybody who's engaged in it.

Is Running a Company Like Leading a Classroom? Steve Blank on Entrepreneurship and Education published first on https://medium.com/@GetNewDLBusiness

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sarahburness · 6 years

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How Our Most Celebrated Geniuses Defeated Creative Block

Do you understand your own mind? Do you know how to spark creativity at will?

Probably not. Nobody does.

Here’s a look at how some of our most inspired artists and inventors got their creative juices flowing.

Distract yourself

In fact, sometimes, it’s best to go in the opposite direction. If you quiet your mind and reduce the clutter, the voice from downstairs might become audible.

How you do this depends on your preferences and circumstances.

Take a shortcut to your subconscious

The Japanese inventor Nakamatsu Yoshirō tried the same, only with death rather than sleep!

Create your ideal conditions

Stimulate yourself

Unfortunately, it was the bad stomach resulting from this coffee addiction that finally killed him. Balance, people!

Change things up

Or you might try adopting another personality for an hour. Got an unsolvable problem? Imagine you’re Steve Jobs, Salvador Dali, or Agatha Christie, and try to work it out from their perspective.

One day you might even attain their level of income!

G. John Cole

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gjohncole Twitter: https://twitter.com/gjohncole Gravatar: https://en.gravatar.com/gjohncole

The post How Our Most Celebrated Geniuses Defeated Creative Block appeared first on Dumb Little Man.

from Dumb Little Man https://www.dumblittleman.com/how-to-spark-creativity/

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travellovekai-blog · 6 years

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Plazuela Machado

Along the way to visiting some museums, I stopped by the Plazuela Machado In Centro Mazatlan. At night this area comes to life with beautiful lighting and lively restaurants. However, as I am walking through here it is only around 11 am so the plaza is quiet and peaceful.

Brownie Mania

I stop in at Brownie Mania which is along the plaza. Jeff has been wanting to go here for quite some time so in his honor, I decided it’s necessary for me to try a brownie here. It’s a very tiny shop but it has a really nice outdoor seating that allows you to see the entire plaza. The brownie I chose was pretty darn good. I’ll definitely be taking Jeff when he returns from Alaska. I, of course, had to send him a picture of where I was and what I was eating. His was a pouty response but happy that I was there.

I continued my journey down Constitution Ave turning on Belisario Dominguez and then turned up Sixto Osuna. The entire walk from the Plazuela Machado is just four short blocks. It was already pretty warm out so I was grateful I left early for this adventure.

Museo Arqueologico

The Archaeological Museum of Mazatlan is a 20th-century historic house that aims to expose the pre-Hispanic culture of Mazatlan, Sinaloa. Before Spain conquered Mexico it was a country filled with indigenous people. Some of the native tribes were Tahue, Chahita, Aztecs and many more. The exterior of this building is well renovated and inviting. This is a small museum that has three separate rooms displaying over 200 artifacts. When you first enter the polite security has you sign into a register and then charges you 45 pesos. After which he explains to please not lean on the glass cases.

The first is a room that has mostly the descriptions of the tribes showing maps and culture development. One of the more intriguing to me was the display of four or five small children’s figures.

The second room displays the day to day life of the varying tribe’s artifacts. The beautiful handmade items are amazing. The use of color and detail for such a primitive time is fantastic.

The third room displays weapons, tools, and information about the conquering of Mexico by Spain. Along with clay pipes and adornments that were worn in the era.

As I walked through each room I could feel apart of the history. Amazed at the ability of these primitive native tribes to create what they needed to survive in such harsh environments. I immensely enjoyed wandering the history from room to room. After about thirty minutes of imaging what it must have been like for these native cultures, I decided to move on.

Museo De Arte Sinaloa Institute of Culture

My next stop was at the Museo De Arte showing fine arts of the 20th and 21st century in Mexico. This is located directly across the cobblestone street from the Museo Arqueologico. Just walk alongside the small park and the entrance is on your left. The museum was built in 1898 by Mr. Pablo Hidalgo and has been many businesses. Currently, it is the Mazatlan Art Museum which was founded in November 1998 as Constitutional Governor of the State of Sinaloa by Lic. Juan S. Millán Lizárraga. As you enter there is a large courtyard on the right is a building displaying artworks. This building is well airconditioned which I was extremely grateful for. There are two separate rooms in here.

The room off the right of the entrance is a display of plastics art. By a well-known plastic artist Sala Antonio López Sáenz. In this room are exhibited the most important works that constitute the collection of the institution, of Mexican artists of international recognition.

The main room which they call the temporary exhibition rotates artist at this time its mostly modern art. This room is filled with very important current creators, so here are exhibited works of guest artists from across the republic and of course the state of Sinaloa. All the pieces are well displayed neatly hanging with the information regarding each piece labeled to the right of it. I found the artists’ renditions to be very lively and creative.

In the back of the courtyard is a small simple gallery of photography. The artist is Rafael Villalba his photographs focus toward Delfos Contemporary Dance Works. The representation of passion, movement, light, and shadows allows him to initiate creative magic.

Inside the courtyard was a board filled with several children’s paintings. The future of Mexican artist continues…

Olas Altas

By this time it was a little later in the day and the summer air here in Mazatlan was getting very warm around 93 degrees. Woo time to head for the beach. Keep in mind it is currently July here which is the Hottest time of the year lasting up till the end of August or so.

When I left the courtyard from the Museum of Art I headed straight up Sixto Osuna the street ends just across from the Olas Altas portion of the Malecon. This is such a unique beach as depending on the time of the year the beach transforms from one side to the other. This part of the city has been part of varies historical events. At one time it was even worked as a dock. Where they shipped and unloaded goods from around the world, to the hideaway of friendly and enemy troops.

The waves that come here are quite high so it is not a swimming beach. But it is excellent for Boogie boarding, body surfing etc If your not a strong swimmer I’d recommend staying close to the beach.

There plenty of establishments to eat at. Anything from food carts to ocean view restaurants. We’ve eaten at Barracudas which was pretty good and has a nice small outdoor patio seating area that overlooks the ocean. It’s also a great place to people watch.

The hotels in this area are very historic and well maintained. The Freeman was the first “skyscraper” in this area, a well-known property and has an overlook roof patio that has a 360-degree view from city to the ocean.

Carpa Olivera swimming pool

Not too far down the Malecon on the northern end is a protected saltwater concrete pool area. It has a beautiful concrete spiral sculpture placed into the pool area so its pretty easy to find. Its the best of both worlds allowing you to enjoy the ocean without being subjected to the currents. For over 100 years, generations of locals and visitors alike have played comfortably in as the waves roll and splash over the sides of the pool.

Monuments

In addition to the beach, Olas altos has important monuments for the Mazatlecos, such as the Venadito, the coat of arms of Mazatlán and Sinaloa, and the in honor of Pedro Infante and the composer Fernando Valadez.

All in all, this was a nice walk that took just over two hours. But I’d say a large portion of this time was spent wandering through the museums. So plan accordingly when you take this walk and wear comfortable shoes.

Please share in the comments if you have any ideas or things you’ve done. Or even places you are interested in learning more about.

As always we are so happy you’re here. Please sign up for our weekly newsletter and you’ll receive a free photo e-book and you’ll never miss the newest post. Every Friday we send you a new fun recipes from around the world and anything that you may have missed during your busy week. Don’t forget to follow uson your favorite social media’s. Just click below to follow.

Our guides and content are completely free. We make a small commission at no extra cost to you whenever you use our affiliate links. So please if you enjoy the content consider using our links. Thank you for all your support! Kai and Jeff

A walk along Sixto Osuna Plazuela Machado Along the way to visiting some museums, I stopped by the Plazuela Machado In Centro Mazatlan.

#Beach #Historic #Mazatlan #Mexico #Museums #Ocean #Olas Altas #Travel #Visit

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