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beardedmrbean · 10 months

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Silverman, along with authors Christopher Golden and Richard Kadrey, allege that OpenAI and Meta’s respective artificial intelligence-backed language models were trained on illegally-acquired datasets containing the authors’ works, according to the suit.

The complaints state that ChatGPT and Meta’s LLaMA honed their skills using “shadow library” websites like Bibliotik, Library Genesis and Z-Library, among others, which are illegal given that most of the material uploaded on these sites is protected by authors’ rights to the intellectual property over their works.

When asked to create a dataset, ChatGPT reportedly produced a list of titles from these illegal online libraries.

“The books aggregated by these websites have also been available in bulk via torrent systems,” says the proposed class-action suit against OpenAI, which was filed in San Francisco federal court on Friday along with another suit against Facebook parent Meta Platforms.

Exhibits included with the suit show ChatGPT’s response when asked to summarize books by Silverman, Golden and Kadrey.

The first example shows the AI bot’s summary of Silverman’s memoir, The Bedwetter; then Golden’s award-winning novel Ararat; and finally Kadrey’s Sandman Slim.

The suit says ChatGPT’s synopses of the titles fails to “reproduce any of the copyright management information Plaintiffs included with their published works” despite generating “very accurate summaries.”

This “means that ChatGPT retains knowledge of particular works in the training dataset and is able to output similar textual content,” it added.

The authors’ suit against Meta also points to the allegedly illicit sites used to train LLaMA, the ChatGPT competitor the Mark Zuckerberg-owned company launched in February.

AI models are all trained using large sets of data and algorithms. One of the datasets LLaMA uses to get smarter is called The Pile, and was assembled by nonprofit AI research group EleutherAI.

Silverman, Goldman and Kadrey’s suit points to a paper published by EleutherAI that details how one of its datasets, called Books3, was “derived from a copy of the contents of the Bibliotik private tracker.”

Bibliotik — one of the handful of “shadow libraries” named in the lawsuit — are “flagrantly illegal,” the court documents said.

The authors say in both claims that they “did not consent to the use of their copyrighted books as training material” for either of the AI models, claiming OpenAI and Meta therefore violated six counts of copyright laws, including negligence, unjust enrichment and unfair competition.

Although the suit says that the damage “cannot be fully compensated or measured in money,” the plaintiffs are looking for statutory damages, restitution of profits and more.

The authors’ legal counsel did not immediately respond to The Post’s request for comment.

The Post has also reached out to OpenAI and Meta for comment.

The lawyers representing the three authors — Joseph Saveri and Matthew Butterick — are involved in multiple suits involving authors and AI models, according to their LLMlitigation website.

In 2022, they filed a suit against OpenAI’s GitHub Copilot — which turns natural language into code and was acquired by Microsoft for $7.5 billion in 2018 — claiming that it violates privacy, unjust enrichment and unfair competition laws, and also commits fraud, among other things.

Saveri and Butterick also filed a complaint earlier this year challenging AI image generator Stable Diffusion, and have represented a slew of other book authors in class-action litigation against AI tech.

#nunyas news #not a fan of her #but I hope this goes well

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mariacallous · 10 months

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The world's most valuable and dominant internet companies are based in the US, but the nation’s unproductive lawmakers and business-friendly courts have effectively outsourced the regulation of tech giants to the EU. That has given tremendous power to Didier Reynders, the European commissioner for justice, who is in charge of crafting and enforcing laws that apply across the 27-nation bloc. After nearly four years on the job, he’s tired of hearing big talk from the US with little action.

Ahead of his latest round of biannual meetings with US officials, including attorney general Merrick Garland in Washington, DC, tomorrow, Reynders told WIRED why the US needs to finally step up, where a probe into ChatGPT is headed, and why he made contentious comments about one of the world’s most prominent privacy activists. His bicoastal tour began with a Waymo robotaxi ride through San Francisco (he gave it a rave review) and include meetings with Google and California’s privacy czar.

On the Costs of US Inaction

It’s been five years since the EU’s stringent privacy law, the GDPR, went into effect, giving Europeans new rights to protect and control their data. Reynders has heard a series of proposals for how the US could follow suit, including from Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg and other tech executives, Facebook whistleblowers, and members of Congress and federal officials. But he says there has been no “real follow up.”

Although the US Federal Trade Commission has reached settlements with tech companies requiring diligence with user data under threat of fines, Reynders is circumspect about their power. “I'm not saying that this is nothing,” he says, but they lack the bite of laws that open the way to more painful fines or lawsuits. “Enforcement is of the essence,” Reynders says. “And that's the discussion that we have with US authorities.” Now Reynders fears history is repeating with AI regulation, leaving this powerful category of technology unchecked. Tech leaders such as Sam Altman, CEO of ChatGPT developer OpenAI, says they want new safeguards, but American lawmakers seem unlikely to pass new laws.

“If you have a common approach in the US and EU, we have the capacity to put in place an international standard,” Reynders says. But if the EU’s forthcoming AI Act isn’t matched with US rules for AI, it will be more difficult to ask tech giants to be in full compliance and change how the industry operates. “If you’re doing that alone, like for the GDPR, that takes some time and it slowly spreads to other continents,” he says. “With real action on the US side, together, it will be easier.”

On ChatGPT’s Data-Gobbling and Policy-Lobbying

ChatGPT is in the crosshairs of both privacy and AI-specific regulatory efforts.

OpenAI in April updated its privacy options and disclosures after Italy’s data protection authority temporarily blocked ChatGPT, but the conclusions of a full investigation into the company’s GDPR compliance is due by October, the country's regulator says. And an EU-wide data protection task force expects by year’s end to hand down common principles for all member nations on dealing with ChatGPT, Reynders says. All that could force OpenAI to make further adjustments to its chatbot's data collection and retention.

More broadly, while OpenAI’s Altman has supported calls for new rules governing AI systems, he has also expressed concern about overregulation. In May, headlines thundered that he had threatened to pull services from the EU. Altman has said his comments were taken out of context and that he does want to help define policy. Reynders says Altman has significant business incentive to make nice with the EU, which has about 100 million more people than the US. “We have asked to have all the major actors in the discussions,” Reynders says. “We want to know their concerns and to see if we will solve that in legislation.” He insists that OpenAI shouldn’t fear new AI rules. “I've seen the origin of OpenAI. It’s quite the same idea—to develop new technologies, but for the good,” Reynders says.

But there is at least one area where he would like to push back. Reynders would like to see more AI technologies such as the text-generation models that power chatbots released as open source software, enabling other entities to build upon them. “We have seen huge investments from big tech like Microsoft—I don’t know how much, but certainly more than $10 billion,” Reynders says. “But is it possible to have an open market? Is it possible to see startups and many other companies taking part? To do that, open source is maybe an important element.”

On Meta’s Viral Twitter-Killer Threads

Meta has not launched its new social media app Threads in the EU, due to unspecified regulatory concerns, and Google this week finally launched its chatbot Bard in Europe after months of working on regulatory compliance. While Reynders hasn’t talked with Meta about its situation—he jokes that “maybe with my services, they will be on board”—he says the EU wants to have all major services available to its citizens.

But having Bard and Threads in full compliance with GDPR is first priority for the EU, he says. He recognizes that user-supplied data helps tech companies train the AI systems that are increasingly central to all platforms, but he says there must be transparency about that process and limits on holding on to data.

On Citizens Suing Over Rogue AI

Reynders has proposed legislation that would allow people harmed by AI systems to win compensation from technology developers. He says European lawmakers want to first pass the AI Act’s comprehensive regulations on AI systems, but that the liability proposal can’t wait long, because EU parliamentary elections next June could reshape the bloc’s priorities.

He also plans to urge tech companies to voluntarily comply with yet-to-be-passed rules such as the AI Act, which likely won’t take effect for a couple of years. For instance, images and videos generated with AI should have watermarks reflecting their origins, Reynders says. He also believes chatbots should be barred from answering questions on certain sensitive topics, and that hidden uses of AI in society should be disclosed to users.

On Transatlantic Data Transfers

Reynders’ US visit coincides with a joint win for EU and US officials. They finalized the third—and they hope, final—agreement allowing companies to store EU citizens’ data on US servers. Reynders says the deal deliberately does not force companies to store data in the EU, where cloud storage capacity is relatively limited. “Store your data locally if it's needed for your business,” he says. “But if you need to transfer, we try very hard to be sure that the protection is traveling with the data, but that you have the opportunity to transfer the data.”

Two previous transfer agreements have been rejected by the EU’s top court for failing to adequately protect against US authorities prying into the data. Both those challenges were lodged by Austrian privacy activist Max Schrems, and the cases are known as Schrems I and II. Reynders this week bemoaned that some groups had built a business model around bringing cases to the EU Court of Justice. Schrems’ nonprofit organization NYOB, short for none of your business, then demanded an apology for what it described as false allegations.

Reynders tells WIRED he intended only to highlight that he had no doubt that the new agreement would end up in court. “I regret it was a sad impression for him [Schrems]. We're happy to have a Schrems III decision, but I’m hoping it will be a positive one,” Reynders says.

Under the new data transfer agreement, Europeans can file complaints about US intrusions into data with their local authorities, who after a series of steps could bring the issue to a new data protection court in the US. “My plea, again, is why not to test the new system before singing about any discussion before the Court of Justice,” Reynders says.

On Revenge Porn and Cookies

Reynders’ tech agenda in the final year of his term includes updating laws and enforcement policy to tackle common digital abuses and gripes that can evade established mechanisms.

European lawmakers are in the final stages of passing a proposal by Reynders to criminalize some forms of online harassment and abuse that often target women, such as posting of intimate photos and videos without consent. Whether revenge porn or deepfake nudes, “we need to explain that it's a crime to take part in the use of those kinds of elements,” Reynders says. The proposal came about after more sweeping efforts to broaden anti-discrimination and anti-harassment laws to cover religion and other characteristics failed to win support across EU countries, he says.

Reynders is also working on getting tech companies to address “cookie fatigue,” the phenomenon of being bombarded with pop-ups asking for consent to use cookies to store your data when browsing the web. While EU rules have led to the proliferation of the notices, Reynders wonders whether the system couldn’t be simplified. “Maybe it’s a dream, but is it possible to ask you once, you agree or not?” he asks.

How browsers and websites would work together to make that possible is under discussion, Reynders says. “Proposals are coming from different actors,” he says, adding that he hopes to see firm ideas take shape later in the year. For now, EU web surfers will have to keep on clicking.

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dontmeantobepoliticalbut · 2 years

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Paul Pelosi, the husband of House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, is reportedly undergoing brain surgery hours after being attacked by an intruder at the couple's San Francisco home early Friday morning.

NBC Bay Area reports that Paul "was taken to Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and undergoing brain surgery" as of Friday afternoon, with a source telling the outlet he was in stable condition after being treated for facial injuries. The outlet further reports that Secret Service agents were stationed at the hospital, as well.

In a statement issued Friday morning, the speaker's spokesperson said Paul was "expected to make a full recovery" after an intruder broke into the couple's San Francisco home early Friday morning, reportedly in search of the House Speaker.

Armed with a hammer, they were unable to locate her — so they instead violently attacked Paul, 82, who was in the residence.

CNN correspondent Jamie Gangel reports that the intruder "confronted the Speaker's husband" and shouted, "Where is Nancy, where is Nancy?" Sources told Gangel that the assailant also tried to tie Paul up to await Nancy's return.

According to U.S. Capitol Police, Nancy, 82, was in Washington, D.C. with her protective detail at the time of the attack.

The assailant was taken into custody and multiple agencies — the U.S. Capitol Police, the FBI, and the San Francisco Police — have partnered to determine a motive for the attack.

Following the news of Paul's assault, President Joe Biden called the Speaker to show his support.

"The President is praying for Paul Pelosi and for Speaker Pelosi's whole family," wrote White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre in a statement. "He is also very glad that a full recovery is expected. The President continues to condemn all violence, and asks that the family's desire for privacy be respected."

Nancy is second in the line of succession for president and has previously been a target of violent threats by supporters of former President Donald Trump, who has often directed ire at her and dubbed her "Crazy Nancy."

On Jan. 6, 2021, when rioters descended on the U.S. Capitol, many were in search of the Speaker, occupying her office, stealing her property and defacing her belongings. One rioter left a note atop a police vehicle saying, "PELOSI IS SATAN."

After Friday's violent attack, Nancy's spokesperson said, "The Speaker and her family are grateful to the first responders and medical professionals involved, and request privacy at this time."

#us politics #news #people #2022 #rep. nancy pelosi #speaker nancy pelosi #paul pelosi #assassination attempt #president joe biden #Karine Jean-Pierre #capitol riot #death threats #Jamie Gangel #cnn

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madamspeaker · 2 years

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Speaker Pelosi Statement on Paul Pelosi’s Release from Hospital, Continued Recovery November 3, 2022

San Francisco – Speaker Nancy Pelosi released this statement after Paul Pelosi’s release from Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital (ZSFGH) and concerning his continued recovery:

“The Pelosi family is thankful for the beautiful outpouring of love, support and prayers from around the world.

“Paul is grateful to the 911 operator, emergency responders, trauma care team, ICU staff, and the entire ZSFGH medical staff for their excellent and compassionate life-saving treatment he received after the violent assault in our home.

“Paul remains under doctors’ care as he continues to progress on a long recovery process and convalescence. He is now home surrounded by his family who request privacy.”

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socialjusticeinamerica · 2 years

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This is only the beginning of what the MAGAts have in store for us.

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grits-galraisedinthesouth · 2 years

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David Depape is allegedly the “former nudist dude.”

Reporter on hot mic after San Francisco Police Press Conference regarding Paul Pelosi On the phone with boss:“Hey so is this the dude that is a former nudist dude?” “Yea okay, is it okay to say any of that stuff?” “Nope?” Austin Frisch (@FrischReport) October 28, 2022

This is Weird? Pelosi Assailant David Depape Was In His Underwear When Police Arrived – Yanked the Hammer from Paul Pelosi

By Jim Hoft Published October 28, 2022 at 3:50pm

As reported earlier, according to sources close to the investigation, Paul Pelosi’s attacker is 42-year-old Berkeley resident David Depape, The San Francisco Standard reported.

San Francisco police chief William Scott said Depape was booked on charges of attempted homicide, assault with a deadly weapon, elder abuse, burglary and “several additional felonies.”

Paul Pelosi, husband of Nancy Pelosi was violently attacked with a hammer in his San Francisco home early Friday morning.

Sources are telling many reporters that the attacker allegedly was screaming “Where is Nancy!” when Paul Pelosi was confronted and attacked in the couple’s San Francisco home. Nancy Pelosi was in DC according to her office.

The assailant reportedly was trying to tie up Paul Pelosi “until Nancy got home.”

According to NBC News, Paul Pelosi was taken to Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital where he underwent brain surgery.

Mr. Pelosi is reportedly in stable condition.

The attack reportedly took place after 2 AM.

And David Depape was in his underwear when the police arrived.

“The suspect was arrested in his underwear” and authorities have found an anti-government manifesto.

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genralruralindustrial · 1 year

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sutrala · 7 months

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SAN FRANCISCO, CA — Elon Musk has generously offered to give Mark Zuckerberg $1 billion to simply change Facebook's name to "Faceboob".

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jobs4grabs · 7 months

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Marketing Project Coordinator

San Francisco, California, Please note: this role can be 100% remote, with optional campus visits to Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital. In coordination with the NCCC Leadership Team, the Clinician Engagement Coordinator is responsible for coordinating, implementing and evaluating the NCCC clinician engagement initiatives including but not limited to campaign-based promotion, digital…

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msclaritea · 9 months

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@Lazarus1095.2w ago

Al "artwork" is already beginning to crowd out images on Pinterest. The most annoying part is that selecting the images to determine whether they are Al-generated seems to register with Pinterest as "liking" them, and it constantly tries to feed you more and more of them. You are forced to actively select them to hide them- and when it asks you why, it doesn't even let you say "because I do not want an Al-generated image".

The above is a comment from the A.I. Is A Grift video.

Pinterest was launched in January 2010.

The visionary project is the product of Ben Silbermann (CEO), Evan Sharp (chief design and creative officer), and Paul Sciarra (entrepreneur).

Pinterest started from the idea of having an internet collection board where people could gather and share visual representations of their goals and plans.

Today, Pinterest has 478 million monthly active users, and its goal is to inspire people to create.

Monitor everything that is being said about your business on all web and social media channels

Learn More about BrandMentions

In addition to being one of the most used social media platforms to date, Pinterest is also used for personal and company marketing. For example, the promoted pin feature is a great strategy to redirect users to business external links.

Pinterest Ownership

Pinterest’s social networking potential and visual search power sky-rocketed CEO Ben Silbermann into the world of billionaire entrepreneurs.

Silbermann has been portrayed by “The Guardian” as the modest genius who lives in San Francisco and works in Silicon Valley and also happens to be a billionaire.

When Facebook announced its plans to acquire Instagram, people have speculated that Mark Zuckerberg would want to buy Pinterest too.

Instead, Facebook Inc. did not offer to buy Pinterest, Microsoft did.

Despite the $51 billion offer, Ben Silbermann still owns Pinterest (50.83M shares) and has declared no intention of selling it any time soon.

No matter the domain or type of business, Pinterest continues to be a strong way of creating brand awareness through photo and video sharing."

The visual discovery tool is one of the best and biggest visual internet collections out there

Why won't Pinterest allow users to reject A.I. if they so choose?

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ohnonanobots · 10 months

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May 10, 2021

Zuckerberg General Hospital and Trauma Center

San Francisco, CA.

2nd shot; 1st of 2 COVID-19 booster shots. Pfizer. Free to all SF residents.

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tastydregs · 1 year

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Meta unveils new AI data centers and supercomputer to power AI-first future

Join top executives in San Francisco on July 11-12, to hear how leaders are integrating and optimizing AI investments for success. Learn More

Meta, the social media giant formerly known as Facebook, has been a pioneer in artificial intelligence for more than a decade, using it to power its products and services such as News Feed, Facebook Ads, Messenger, and virtual reality. But as the demand for more advanced and scalable AI solutions grows, so does the need for more innovative and efficient AI infrastructure.

At the AI Infra @ Scale event today, a one-day virtual conference hosted by Meta’s engineering and infrastructure teams, the company announced a series of new hardware and software projects that aim to support the next generation of AI applications. The event featured speakers from Meta who shared their insights and experiences on building and deploying AI systems at large scale.

Among the announcements was a new AI data center design that will be optimized for both AI training and inference, the two main phases of developing and running AI models. The new data centers will leverage Meta’s own silicon, the Meta Training and Inference Accelerator (MTIA), a chip that will help to accelerate AI workloads across various domains such as computer vision, natural language procession, and recommendation systems

Meta also revealed that it has already built the Research SuperCluster (RSC), an AI supercomputer that integrates 16,000 GPUs to help train large language models (LLMs) like the LLaMA project which Meta announced at the end of February.

Event

Transform 2023

Join us in San Francisco on July 11-12, where top executives will share how they have integrated and optimized AI investments for success and avoided common pitfalls.

“We’ve been building advanced infrastructure for AI for years now, and this work reflects long term efforts that will enable even more advances and better use of this technology across everything we do,” Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg said in a statement.

Building AI infrastructure is table stakes in 2023

Meta is far from being the only hyperscaler or large IT vendor that is thinking about purpose-built AI infrastructure. In November, Microsoft and Nvidia announced a partnership for an AI supercomputer in the cloud. The system benefits (not surprisingly) from Nvidia GPUs, connected with Nvidia’s Quantum 2 InfiniBand networking technology.

A few months later in February, IBM outlined details of its AI supercomputer, codenamed Vela. IBM’s system is using x86 silicon, alongside Nvidia GPUs and ethernet-based networking. Each node in the Vela system is packed with eight 80GB A100 GPUs. IBM’s goal is to build out new foundation models that can help serve enterprise AI needs.

Not to be outdone, Google has also jumped into that AI supercomputer race, with an announcement on May 10. The Google system is using Nvidia GPUs along with custom designed Infrastructure Processing Units (IPUs) to enable rapid data flow.

Meta is now also jumping into the custom silicon space with its MTIA chip. Custom built AI inference chips are also not a new thing either. Google has been building out its Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) for several years and Amazon has had its own AWS Inferentia chips since 2018.

For Meta, the need for AI inference spans multiple aspects of its operations for its social media sites, including news feeds, ranking, content understanding and recommendations to name a few. In a video outlining the MTIA silicon, Amin Firoozshahian, research scientist for infrastructure at Meta commented that traditional CPUs are not designed to handle the inference demands from the applications that Meta runs. That’s why the company decided to build its own custom silicon.

“MTIA is a chip that is optimized for the workloads we care about and tailored specifically for those needs,” Firoozshahian said.

Meta is also a big user of the open source PyTorch machine learning framework, which it originally created. Since 2022, PyTorch has been under the governance of the Linux Foundation’s PyTorch Foundation effort. Part of the goal with MTIA is to have highly optimized silicon for running PyTorch workloads at Meta’s large scale.

The MTIA silicon is a 7nm (nanometer) process design and can provide up to 102.4 TOPS (Trillion Operations per Second). The MTIA is part of a highly integrated approach within Meta to optimize AI operations, including networking, data center optimization and power utilization.

The data center of the future is built for AI

Meta has been building its own data center for over a decade to meet the needs of its billions of users. So far, it has been doing just fine, but the explosive growth in AI demands means it’s time to do more.

“Our current generation of data center designs is world class, energy and power efficient,” Rachel Peterson, Vice President for Data Center Strategy, at Meta said during a roundtable discussion at the Infra @ scale event. “It’s actually really supported us through multiple generations of servers, storage and network and it’s really able to serve our current AI workloads really well.”

As AI use grows across Meta, there will be more compute capacity that is needed. Peterson noted that Meta sees a future where AI chips are expected to consume more than 5x the power of Meta’s typical CPU servers. That expectation has caused Meta to rethink the cooling of the data center and provide liquid cooling to the chips in order to deliver the right level of power efficiency. Enabling the right cooling and power to enable AI is the driving force behind Meta’s new data center designs.

“As we look towards the future, it’s always been about planning for the future of AI hardware and systems and how we can have the most performance systems in our fleet,” Peterson said.

VentureBeat's mission is to be a digital town square for technical decision-makers to gain knowledge about transformative enterprise technology and transact. Discover our Briefings.

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gastromancer · 1 year

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For years, physicians and medical students, many of them Black, have warned that the most widely used kidney test — the results of which are based on race — is racist and dangerously inaccurate. Their appeals are gaining new traction, with a wave of petitions and papers calling renewed attention to the issue. […]

On the heels of those petitions, as well as a widely circulated New England Journal of Medicine analysis of the kidney test and other medical tools that are biased against Black patients, the National Kidney Foundation and the American Society of Nephrology announced this month that they will convene a task force to evaluate the use of race in kidney testing. […]

The test — which measures what’s known as estimated glomerular filtration rate, or eGFR — has historically considered four factors: age, gender, race, and levels of creatinine — the waste that kidneys filter out of blood. But the race of a patient can only be bucketed into two groups: Black, or not Black. That’s based on a flawed assumption that dates back to the formula’s creation, when medical experts presumed that Black people have higher muscle mass on average, leading to higher kidney function.

Normal adult kidneys function around or above a score of 90, while patients can be added to the kidney transplant waitlist once they hit 20 or below. Patients who are Black automatically have points added to their score, which can make results appear more normal than they might be — which in turn, could delay needed treatment. […]

A handful of schools and health systems have changed their eGFR testing protocols in recent years, a few having done away with the adjustment for muscle mass entirely. UCSF and Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital last year opted to start adjusting for muscle mass, instead of race — but physicians have petitioned the school to do away with that adjustment as well, arguing it is not scientifically founded.

#tw antiblackness #antiblackness #medical racism #medical antiblackness #medicine #healthcare

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thecpdiary · 1 year

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Long-Covid and Exercise

Brain fog, fatigue and headaches are common symptoms of long Covid. Now a new study suggests another long-lasting effect of Covid-19 is reduced capacity for exercise.

Long-Covid and Exercise Study

In the study, researchers from UC San Francisco and Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital identified 38 previous studies that tracked the exercise performances of more than 2,000 participants who previously had Covid-19 and including those with probable Long-Covid.

The researchers concentrated their analysis to nine studies in which the exercise performances of 359 participants who had recovered from the virus was compared to that of 464 participants who had symptoms consistent with Long-Covid.

The Findings

The findings suggest that the long Covid participants may have reduced oxygen function in the muscles, irregular breathing patterns, and a reduced ability to increase heart rate during exercise to match cardiac output.

In their analysis of the studies, the researchers stated that while they found “modest but consistent evidence" suggesting exercise capacity is reduced in participants with Long-Covid, there was "a low confidence in the magnitude of effect" and attributed this to small study sizes, oversampling of hospitalised participants, as well as those with acute symptoms.

The Study Conclusion

On this basis they concluded further research is required, including trials of potential therapies as well as further investigation into dysfunctional breathing, damage to the nerves that control automatic body functions and the inability to increase the heart rate adequately during exercise.

My conclusion:

While there is more research the researchers need to carry out, it stands to reason that Long-Covid is something that we continue to have to live with. Whilst for some of us, Covid may have been mild initially, it's becoming clear, the effects are clearly far more longer-lasting and wider-reaching. We now need to wait until the research is complete.

Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com

For more inspirational, life-changing blogs, please check out my site https://www.thecpdiary.com

#thecpdiary #blog #Long-Covid #and #Exercise #LongCovidExercise #LongCovidExerciseBenefits #LongCovidRecovery

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