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carolinemillerbooks · 2 years

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New Post has been published on Books by Caroline Miller

New Post has been published on https://www.booksbycarolinemiller.com/musings/of-human-bondage-2/

Of Human Bondage

If past practices are a justification for anything, then slavery should be legal. Slavery existed long before the birth of Christ, and several passages in the Bible sanction the institution. Many of us may think slavery is illegal in the modern world. But, those of us who do are wrong. Nearly half of existing countries have no laws against slavery and do not punish those who engage in it. Over 10,000 slaves are estimated to be entrapped in England, alone. In the United States, the non-profit organization Exodus Road estimates 400,000 slaves suffer in plain sight. Slavery’s victims are impoverished people lured to foreign destinations with the promise of work. When they arrive in their new country, few of them speak the prevailing language and know nothing of its customs, or laws. Denied their passports from the outset, they are a the mercy of unscrupulous traffickers who beat and bully them until they agree to work in the sex trade or as factory or domestic servants. Poverty makes slaves of natural-born citizens as well. The growing gap between rich and poor has become wide enough to swallow middle-class professionals who work in high-income and resort areas. Surrounded by conspicuous consumption, teachers, policemen, and firefighters struggle to find affordable housing. Most of them don’t. They live in their cars, RVs, or tents. Some work two jobs while the rich buy two houses. Though they aren’t subjected to physical abuse, these employees endure the indifference of those whom they serve. Veterans suffer a similar fate. Recently, their health care benefits became political fodder in a power game between Democrats and Republicans. Comedian Jon Stewart charged these so-called leaders with callousness, people who see veterans not as human beings but as the lowest hanging fruit in their political games Women have a long history of living as chattel. For centuries, coverture deprived them of their property and their freedom. Patriarchy, according to Catholic and Evangelical doctrine, confers upon men a God-given right to dominate women. In the United States that legal yoke remained in place until early in the twentieth century. Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito appears to prefer the old ways. Raised as a Catholic, he is comfortable with his decision to overturn Roe v Wade, a 50-year-old precedent that said the right to an abortion was protected by the 14th Amendment of the U. S. Constitution. He denied that interpretation, saying his predecessors misconstrued the language. His subsequent remarks on the subject suggest his religious belief shaped his conclusion. In public appearances, he’s called for “positive law,” one that defends religious freedom in an “increasingly secular society.” His goal, he admits, is one of conversion: to convince those who do not identify with a faith, or view it as a negative, that religious freedom is worth protecting. Solicitous of his religious freedom, Alito is willing to trod on a woman’s freedom to seek medical care. U. S. Attorney General Merrick Garland views that position as overreach. To prove it, he has taken Idaho to court, challenging its draconian anti-abortion legislation. It violates the provisions of EMTALA, a federal law that governs medical emergencies, he argues. The success of that suit notwithstanding, Alito’s religious freedom argument is spurious. Catholics and Evangelicals might be satisfied with legislation that says personhood begins at the moment of conception, but what about other faiths? Rabbi Danya Ruttenberg says her religious duty lies in preserving the life of the mother. A conflict like this one has drawn Jewish, Buddhist, and Unitarian leaders together. According to them, abortion bans violate their religious freedoms. Atheists object, as well. They see no reason to be bound by any religious tenet. On another level, abortion bans hurt the economy. The summer edition of Ms magazine notes that pulling women out of the workforce during their productive years slows the GDP and throws scores of these workers into poverty. (“Bad Business,” Linda Burstyn, Ms, Summer edition, pg. 21.). Already, states that ban abortion are experiencing a brain drain. Young, educated women are voting with their feet, moving to escape discriminatory laws. Others are refusing employment where those laws exist. (Ibid, pg. 21.) Likewise, universities and colleges affected by the ban are bracing for enrollment declines. (Ibid, pg. 23.) Turning back the clock on women’s rights won’t be easy. Females are half the population and, as we saw in Kansas, they vote. What’s more, Alito’s veiled attempt to give political credence to the narrow view of one religious sect doesn’t widen religious freedom. It narrows it. As a member of the highest court in the land, the judge would serve his country better if he focused his attention less on Christianity and more on the delivery of liberty and justice for all. (Reprint from 8/9/2022)

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sukibenders · 6 days

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Looking back at Girl Meets World, it will forever irritate me especially for how they handled/treated Angela. Oh this show really hated black women because how do you not only 1.) describe her, one of (correct me if I'm wrong) only few black and MAIN characters of the og show, as a "concept" 2.) have characters show obvious disgust at the small mention of her name 3.) depict her as a homewrecker for a new relationship that, really, shouldn't have ever happened 4.) have her old friends treat her like dirt and her old lover like she is the root of his problems, when there was nothing but positive love there 5.) reuse all the concepts from said previous love story just to elevate the new ship with a yte woman and 6.) compare her to Hurricane Katrina, one of the deadliest hurricanes that caused significant numbers of death, harm, misplacement, and trauma to people, largely of whom were black? Mind you, all these points I mentioned were toward the only main black character of the OG show before the spinoff, and the only, from what I can remember, black female character of the spinoff who didn't even stay long. Not even getting into the racist drama with some of the members on set, but you cannot look me in the eye and tell me that the way the show handled Angela, her story, and her relationship with the other characters + Shawn wasn't fucking disrespectful, you can't because I won't believe you.

#boy meets world #girl meets world #like this show had so many issues (from its depiction of autism to religious intolerance to supporting grooming)#but this was a whole other level #it was especially hurtful as a young black girl to see growing bc i really tried to like this show with its lacking diversity #but coming from watching bmw to this a show from the 90s that depicted a black character better than a 2010s show- u get my point #and its so wrong bc it depicts angela as being the one to end the relationship when all she said in bmw how she #didn't want to see her leaving as a goodbye and there was ambiguous hope for the future #also shoving shawn to be with maya's mom was really unnecessary #not only bc of how it depicted being raised in a single parent household so negatively #but that the only way to solve maya's problems was for her...to have a dad? like that really isn't how it works #i blissfully live in the delulu where angela and shawn came back together once she left europe and he eventually married her #after they graduated college and have a beautiful family together #shawn x angela #don't even get me started on how whenever there was a guest cameo it was met audience applause and happy reactions #but when it was for angela: crickets 😬#back to maya- i feel like it would have been better for her story if shawn didn't marry her mother (and was with angela) and u would see her #hope and wish for the opposite to where it nearly consumes her only to finally be sat down and informed that #even if shawn isn't with your mom he'll still be in your life as a father figure no matter what #i personally feel like that would've been better #but this is largely just s rant so forgive the structure of it al

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prismatic-bell · 1 month

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So I’ve seen a few posts going around lately about philosemitism, but mostly in the context of people being called out for it, and it’s occurring to me that if you don’t have a frame of reference for it, you probably don’t understand why it’s really a very bad thing.

So I’m going to share a story that happened to me a few years ago, when I was studying for my b’nei mitzvah.

This lady pulls into my drive thru at work. She’s wearing a MAGA hat, and before I can hide my Magen David necklace—this was not that long after Charlottesville—she absolutely GUSHES “oh, you’re Jewish?” and immediately starts going on about beautiful traditions, Jesus was Jewish, yadda yadda. (All the Jews reading this are currently nodding because they’ve all met this woman at least once.)

And then she gets to the part I want to highlight for the goyim, the learning part of this:

Her: And we need to stick together, because you know what’s right in the middle of Jerusalem, right?

Me: …..the Temple? (It’s not, it’s at the city’s edge, but I could see someone hearing “center of religious and cultural life” and making an assumption.)

Her: no!

Me: …….the Knesset?

Her: no! How do you spell Jerusalem?

Me, thinking she saw the Hebrew book next to me: yod-reish-shin-lamed—-

Her: no, no! U-S-A! J-E-R-U-S-A! The United States is part of Israel!

Y’all.

This woman.

Legitimately believed.

That “Jerusalem.”

Was the name.

Of a Jewish city.

In a language.

THAT DOES NOT HAVE A “J” SOUND.

She literally told me I was wrong when I pronounced it Yerushalayim, which is the Hebrew transliteration of the older “Urusalim,” which is the original name of the city in the Canaanite languages circa 1500 BCE. (An even older inscription has been found in Egyptian, but it’s a little wonky because the two languages didn’t have the exact same sounds—think of how an English word spoken by a Japanese person and then transliterated as they said it would look.) “Jerusalem” as a form literally cannot occur until after the word has filtered through Latin and into English—at the earliest, the 3rd or 4th century CE—because there’s no J in Latin, either.

THIS is philosemitism: this woman wanted so badly for Judaism to be her fun toy that she completely ignored Jewish reality. We weren’t actually people to her; we were a thing for her to exotify. When actual Jewish experience refuted her she ignored it, but many philosemites will get angry when they’re faced with reality.

If you’re thinking “wow, that sounds a lot like fetishization,” you’re right, because it is. It’s fetishization crossed with the kind of “support” a lot of people offer the queer community, where they love it when it’s waving rainbow flags and “oh my g-d, girl, slay,” but the moment it’s anger over the STD crisis or the underserving of homeless queer youth, they dip. They’re only around while it’s ~*~*~aesthetic.~*~*~

Philosemitism isn’t “loving Jews too much.” It’s loving a stereotyped ideal you put on a pedestal, and not allowing for diversity of Jewish experience.

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kobithedragon · 2 years

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Yet another essay about tumblr (originally intended to be sent as an ask to @cyle but I decided to just post it here instead).

ps: I have a #tumblr tag for more meta-commentary (although if you scroll far down enough there's a very long and annoying essay I wrote that nobody really needs to read)

I did a meta-commentary tumblr meme thing for u and the team I hope u like it ʕ•ᴥ•ʔ

There's good n bad of both sides of course, I just had this idea for a meme because there's a clear dichotomy between the different social platforms in our current day and age due to the ageing of the internet, and this'll only get more interesting as the internet ages further. Tumblr seems to be at somewhat of a fork in the road after Yahoo thought they were Facebook and bought x trendy social platform(s) to stay relevant after years of decline. However, unlike Facebook with Instagram, over the years Yahoo failed to adapt the once trendy flickr & tumblr to new trends such as the switch to smartphones (Instagram is a smartphone app before anything else) or the rise of video-based content (IGTV and now reels) and the ever increasing lean on social features rather than blogging features (Instagram's story replies leading to direct conversation rather than more forum-like reblogging to a thread).

Anyway, I'm glad Yahoo left tumblr virtually untouched besides a few tweaks and oversights that shrunk the traffic. A huge userbase at the cost of being like Instagram? Heck, ban whatever you like, but don't close the api. Tumblr is tumblr because I can thoroughly explore without an algorithm (thanks via chain!), I can reshare permanently (thanks reblogs!) and consistently and not sporadically (thanks queue!) to a publicly viewable and paginated archive without breaking any sort of links to the communities I shared from (thanks the via chain again!), I can do all this on whichever 3rd party software I choose with whichever features I want, aaaand I can annoy people in the dashboard by writing huge essays without a read more section. And we can all make a ridiculously long reblog chain together. At least to me, that's what tumblr is. Freedom to explore and express. No matter how tight the guidelines become due to everyone's least favourite fruit, who also claims to be the arbiter of the direct word of God (perhaps you've seen the post floating around where Apple disallows incorrect interpretations of religious scripture even though scholars have been arguing over what it all really means for quite some time now), the core mechanics of the tumblr platform allow for so much expression and diversity to be aggregated by everyone.

While tumblr isn't quite as "specialised" as flickr or "underground" like are.na, it has way more of an identity than Facebook. There's no such thing as a "Facebook user" because everyone is a Facebook user. It's the same with Instagram, and even Pinterest. Everyone uses them because they appeal to everyone. And that's fine of course, because tumblr also wants to appeal to a diverse community. But they don't have their unique charm like tumblr does. Lesser known platforms have a charm. Platforms with niche features that don't exist just for user engagement and profit but instead for the sake of a higher purpose. Older platforms have a charm. Those that are both unknown/declining and relics have survived because they weren't shut down when they stopped being profitable or easy to run like Google+ was for example. They keep going because they're precious and important to their userbase. Tumblr doesn't wake up every morning because it's easy, it does it because it must! You guys have been through a ridiculous amount but you're still going strong. Alternatives need to exist. And they were made because the internet is exciting, not because the internet is profitable. To quote Porcupine Tree's "The Sound of Muzak":

Hear the sound of music

Drifting in the aisles

Elevator Prozac

Stretching on for miles

The music of the future

Will not entertain

It's only meant to repress

And neutralize your brain

Soul gets squeezed out

Edges get blunt

Demographic

Gives what you want

One of the wonders of the world is going down

It's going down I know

It's one of the blunders of the world that no-one cares

No-one cares enough

Now the sound of music

Comes in silver pills

Engineered to suit you

Building cheaper thrills

The music of rebellion

Makes you want to rage

But it's made by millionaires

Who are nearly twice your age

One of the wonders of the world is going down

It's going down I know

It's one of the blunders of the world that no-one cares

No-one cares enough

If we replace "music" with "social media" we get a profoundly accurate description of our current situation - predicted back in 2002 while Geocities was still cool. But I know that whatever tumblr does, whether it adds stories or reels ("takes"?) or whatever the next big thing is, or even if it invents something completely different, it'll still be tumblr. It's a tough world out there with all these social media giants swallowing up the userbases of their still living ancestors and their exciting alternatives. I have a lot of respect to you guys for keeping this ship afloat. I hope you can break even someday. I wish you the best:)

Ps: this is really very long, so you don't have to worry about posting it or anything. It started off as "hey there's an idea for a meme" and sorta just became "oh man. I got so carried away and here I am 4 hours later re reading this for the 50th time". Also I'm too lazy to rewrite the meme now but I kinda want to reword some stuff like "aggressive monetisation" in regards to Instagram and Facebook just means like the whole privacy Ad scandal, which of course tumblr has nothing to do with, and then there's paying for features that have been taken away which is at the opposite end of the spectrum but I guess can also be interpreted as "aggressive monetisation" right? I mean are.na has no commercialisation whatsoever, it's tiny and probably covers it's tiny server costs thanks to subscribers and investors and flickr has a tonne of photos it needs to store (well, less now unfortunately but it's still probably an insane amount, all that internet history) and it's overt about how much money it's losing but then there's the 100 year thing which seems cool, I just hope enough people are subbed to Flickr pro and they're getting enough revenue from those ads💔. Anyway so tumblr has done neither of these things yet, it's not advertiser friendly and it's not paywalling any features that should really be free (are.na isn't usable with a 200 post (aka block) limit. It really isn't. 4 days later and I'm 200 blocks in - not making any new connections. It's very unhealthy for the platform to restrict it's core feature and stunt the growth of archives. It's actually very heartbreaking because there would be so many more connections, so many more channels, so much more to explore. There should never be a limit on that stuff in my opinion, especially on are.na)..Yes there's a store now and the shopping cart skeleton dude (actually seeing that is what inspired me to do this in the first place, it was just interesting and cute) which is something are.na would probably never do but I'm not sure if it can be compared to the Facebook marketplace but I have no idea where any of this is headed but I'm excited because where does tumblr fit in the social media dichotomy as we accelerate into a rapidly changing future of the internet? Only time will tell. Truly fascinating platform.

#kobithedragon speaks #tumblr #are.na #flickr #instagram #facebook

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artificii-in-ceata · 1 year

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Finally settled some details so here have another character sheet

Laurențiu

Name(s): Laurențiu (Pronounced LA-u-REN-tsi-u). Etymology: essentially the same name as Laurence etc. From Latin "laurus" = laurel

Surname: Beniuc (Pronounced be-NYUK) Etymology: from Ben (as in Benjamin etc) + typical Ukrainian surname suffix -yuk, Romanised as -iuc.

Place of origin: Bukovina, the Romanian part (Northeast of Romania; an ethnically diverse region; the most conservative and religious region of the country)

Place of residence: a big city in Transylvania (the Western part of Romania; extremely ethnically diverse; very culturally Western, the most progressive leaning region)

Languages spoken: Romanian (native), Ukrainian (heritage: from grandparents), Russian (pretty low level, from neighbours' kids or classmates etc); English (very fluently, from being terminally online)

Religious affiliation: irreligious (identifies as agnostic; raised Protestant - which is very much a religious minority)

______________________

Mădălina

Name(s): Mădălina-Maria (Pronounced, respectively: MƏ-də-LI-na, ma-RI-a). Etymology: Maria is obvious. Mădălina is basically Madeleine, which comes from Magdalene.

Surname: Lazăr (Pronounced: LA-zər). Etymology: literally just the name Lazarus.

Place of origin: mixed, lived in many different cities as a child, but ultimately born in the city she now inhabits.

Place of residence: Transylvania (same city, see the above)

Languages spoken: Romanian (native), Russian (heritage: her dad being a native speaker - he originates from the Republic of Moldova), English (fluently, due to being chronically online)

Religious affiliation: irreligious (identifies as agnostic; raised in a vaguely secular environment, "non-practicing" Eastern Orthodox <- this being the majority)

__________________

Andriy

Name(s): Андрiй (Pronounced: an-DRII). Etymology: Ukrainian for Andrew.

Surname: Тимошенко (Romanised: Tymoshenko, Pronounced: TY-mo-SHEN-ko, the y being a more narrow ü type of sound). Etymology: from Тимофiй (Tymofiy) aka Timothy.

Place of origin: Bukovina, the Ukrainian part (in the south center of Ukraine; a region in which, among others, there is a significant Romanian ethnic minority)

Place of residence: the same as the place of origin

Languages spoken: Ukrainian (native), Romanian (heritage: mom was a native speaker), Russian (mid to high level, due to it being spoken a lot around him, neighbours, classmates etc), English (largely fluent, from video games etc)

Religious affiliation: Protestant Christian (very much a religious minority; raised in a lot of different, but largely culturally Eastern Orthodox environments <- again, that being the majority)

________________

Teodora

Name(s): Tereza-Teodora (Pronounced, respectively: te-RE-za, TE-o-DO-ra). Etymology: the first one, from Theresa. The second one is the female equivalent of Theodore, which roughly means gift from God.

Surname: Olaru (Pronounced: o-LA-ru). Etymology: it means potter, as in the occupation of pottery.

Place of origin: moved places a lot as a child, thus no stable place.

Place of residence: Transylvania (see above)

Languages spoken: Romanian (native), Russian (to a mid level, from her stepfather), English (mid to high level, from movies etc)

Religious affiliation: Protestant Christian (a minority, though not as uncommon in Transylvania as in the other regions; she was raised in a largely secular environment)

__________________

Tiberiu

Name(s): Cezar-Tiberiu (Pronounced, respectively: CHE-zar, ti-BE-ri-U). Etymology: Cezar is from Caesar (and a rather common name in Romania!), and Tiberiu is the Romanian form of Tiberius (again, a pretty normal name to have; more common in Transylvania)

Surname: Lazăr (see above)

Place of origin: same as Mădălina

Place of residence: Transylvania (see above)

Languages spoken: Romanian (native), Russian (heritage, his dad being Moldovan etc see above + the comment that yes there is non negligible amount of Moldovan immigrants in Transylvania specifically), English (high ish level due to watching movies etc) + a little bit of every language he hears his acquainces speaking (for example Hungarian, German etc).

Religious affiliation: irreligious (doesn't identify with any label; raises in a largely secular environment, see above)

____________________

Răzvan

Name(s): Răzvan (Pronounced rəz-VAN). Etymology largely unknown; one theory suggests it comes from the Slavic *rad, which means happy. This name doesn't have an equivalent in other languages, but is rather common in Romania.

Surname: Beniuc (see above)

Place of origin: same as Laurențiu

Place of residence: same as place of origin; plans to move cities in the future

Languages spoken: Romanian (native), Ukrainian (low ish level, heritage, from grandparents), English (high level, from school, movies, online etc)

Religious affiliation: Protestant Christian (very much a minority; raised Protestant Christian)

____________

End notes:

This is precisely why I chose to place the plot in my own country, so that I can know details such as these from a more insider perspective. It may seem like some level of forced diversity is at play but really I just wrote whatever felt fun + these particular minority combos (both an ethnic and a religious minority at the same time?!!) are actually plausible irl. Source: my grandpa is a Protestant Ukrainian-Romanian. I was more closely related to these very niche environments than the mainstream 100% Eastern Orthodox ethnically Romanian majority experience. Which is exactly why I haven't made my characters representatives of the majority, because I wouldn't be able to write it like an insider (although I could obviously ask my friends etc). If you feel tempted to pull the self-insert card, have a friendly reminder that all fiction is a self-insert to some extent. Also, the particular minorities and other group combos the characters belong to are not only plausible because I've seen examples irl but also statistically speaking, as I've explained, such as a guy from Northeastern Romania having Ukrainian ancestry (and the guy from Southern Ukraine having Romanian ancestry), and both knowing some Russian etc. Given the inter ethnic relations in that region, it's all par for the course actually. The names the characters bear are largely symbolic but are also plausible to the particular regions they belong to, and all of them are fairly common and normal, usual names.

I hope you found this informative from a cultural perspective as well, not only as a character index

#fireworks in the fog #artificii in ceata

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tillzzy · 3 months

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Translate and Transform

Buddhism - Art

History

In earliest forms of Buddhist art in India, the Buddha was not represented in human form, but instead a sign such as footprints, an empty seat or an empty seat underneath a parasol

in the first century A.D, the human image of one Buddha dominated the art scene

Elements from the Hellenistic Age combined with symbolism helped create a unique style to express Indian Buddhism

The Silk road helped move Buddhism from India, across central Asia, China and eventually Korea and Japan

Buddhism arrived in China around the 1st century CE, this introduced a new type of art into China

Buddhist art has a wide range of styles, forms and mediums which demonstrates the diverse cultural and historical contexts where Buddhism flourished

There are influences from China, India, Japan, Southeast Asia and Tibet

Classical Buddhist Art (1st-6th Century)

iconic representation of Buddha characterised by hand gestures that symbolise different aspects of his teachings

often showed him in deep meditation or delivering sermons

Cave Temples in India and China feture murals and sculptures showing Buddhist narratives and celetrial beings

Mahayana Buddhist Art (3rd century onwards)

Showed imagery including 'bodhisattvas' - enlightened beings who postponed their nirvana to help others achieve enlightenment

Figures such as the embodiment of compassion (Avalokiteshvara) and the bodhisattva of wisdom (Manjushri) were prominent subjects

this led to the creation of Mandalas, diagrams that represent the universe and path to enlightenment

Vajrayana Buddhist Art (7th Century onwards)

Prevalent in Tibet and Himalayan regions

emphasis on esoteric rituals and practices

Thangka paintings are central to this era of art - scroll paintings on cotton or silk

they tend to depict buddhist cosmology, mandalas and are used as visual aids for meditation and religious instruction

Reflections and thoughts

Buddhist art is extremely vibrant, intricate and symbolic. I think all the paintings and imagery are so beautiful and would love to incorporate elements like this into my packaging design. I am particularly drawn to Mandalas and Thangka paintings as they hold a lot of meaning to them that are associated with meditation. The product I am making is Tea, which is used for meditation so this links clearly to what I am trying to visually communicate.

Authors: Vidya Dehejia (2024). Buddhism and Buddhist Art | Essay | The Metropolitan Museum of Art | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. [online] The Met’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Available at: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/budd/hd_budd.htm [Accessed 5 Feb. 2024].

Getty Research Institute. (2016). The Getty Research Institute. [online] Available at: https://www.getty.edu/research/exhibitions_events/exhibitions/cave_temples_dunhuang/gallery.html [Accessed 5 Feb. 2024].

Moriarty, A. (2016). The History of Buddhist Art | Widewalls. [online] www.widewalls.ch. Available at: https://www.widewalls.ch/magazine/history-of-buddhist-art.

Pandey, S. (2021). Tibetan Thangka Secrets. [online] Art Of Tibet. Available at: https://www.artoftibet.com/blogs/news/tibetan-thangka-secrets [Accessed 5 Feb. 2024].

World, U. (2018). Mogao Caves. [online] Unesco.org. Available at: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/440/ [Accessed 5 Feb. 2024].

#vco664 #tt

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sublimegardeninternet · 2 years

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How to Study Modern Indian History for UPSC?

History is an umbrella term that encompasses beyond events, journeys, discoveries, and many others. History is a charming difficulty. You locate History as a tedious and lengthy topic, but after you expand an interest in reading history books, you may find History as a hard and fast of real existence beyond stories. However, History is seen because of the maximum scoring and massive problem from the united states' point of view. Talking of History, Indian History is the oldest and most diverse issue, and it is able to be classified into (i) Ancient history (ii) Medieval History, and (iii) Modern-day India.

In this phase of the object, we will deal with modern Indian History and consciousness on a few hints and hints to look at contemporary Indian History successfully for our examination. But, first, let’s recognize a few important data related to the questions from the USA examination’s current records section.

To start with, modern Indian History is the maximum scored situation inside the UPSC exam. You can anticipate a minimum of 7-eight questions in the preliminary paper and about 3-4 out of 20 questions in the GS paper 1 of the principle tests. People generally find History disturbing because of memorizing numerous dates, movements, businesses, revolts, career in India and so forth. Now to match all this stuff for your mind, greater than difficult paintings is wanted as you may waste a variety of your valuable time. It could help if you were shrewd and brief so permit’s move directly to hints and hacks to study cutting-edge History for UPSC.

But earlier than jumping directly into the recommendations and tricks, right here is something that may manual you at some stage in your preparations.

Modern History has seven sections.

1. India in the early 1750s.

2. British Expansion and rule.

3. Changes were introduced by the British.

4. Uprising Revolts towards the British.

5. Socio-Religious Movements in India.

6. Emerging Nationalism in India

7. Struggle for independence.

These are seven fundamental sections or subjects you should cover at the same time as preparing for the cutting-edge records segment of the examination. Only study these topics; but, study stuff relating to or main to these sections. Now let’s see how to put together current History in 3 primary steps.

Tips to put together for Modern History

Understand the Causes

Try to apprehend the causes of movement and discover why revolutions are precipitated. It will improve your perception and analysing strength which is the most required ability set at some point in the interviews. Study History as something apart from a topic; instead, try taking in the challenge as a tale. You can quickly draw close to a tale in preference to reading technical phrases, so strive know-how every cause in the back of every motion.

Keep Solving Questions

Practice as many questions, MCQs, and mock take a look at papers as viable. These will help improve your speed and, at some point, assist you revise topics as you may cowl extra syllabi by using solving questions. For example, while fixing MCQs, make sure you've got a cause for your solutions. This trick will help you revise a few parts of the topics after every query you resolve.

Try to Relate

Try to locate links and note down the position of essential personalities like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Bhagat Singh, and many others., in forming various actions and revolts that drove the u. S . A .’s independence. UPSC expects their aspirants to understand approximately sports and more than one mission, for example, the formation of the Indian national congress birthday celebration in Bengal and the salt satyagraha, which had been a few early tiers where u. S . career counselling in india Changed into striving for independence from British rule. So make sure to observe these things and relate these super vital matters. Sometimes you even get to look at the involvement of the same person in various movements. It will help you get a better picture of us of a’s independence.

Steps on the way to Prepare any Movement

1. Look for what brought on the movement

2. Personalities participating in the movement

3. Whether the motion is Nonviolent or Violent

4. Important Leaders leading the motion

5. Congress classes earlier than and after any motion

6. Did the motion bring out desired modifications

7. Drawbacks of the motion

8. Reasons in the back for the failure or withdrawal of the movement

9. Aftermath movement

Conclusion

You must focus on those steps even as making ready the modern-day records phase for UPSC. Leaving even an unmarried step ought to motivate an inability to solve questions.

You are always unfastened to study past those points, but again take it most effective a touch, as you can become losing time and perplexing yourself.

History is a diverse problem, and it becomes extra difficult as you cross deeper into knowledge concepts. Use restrained and relied on resources to look at Modern History.

You can join The Thought Tree for UPSC education. This article helped make clear your doubts concerning how one should look at Modern History.

The Thought Tree

The Thought Tree is the quality IAS education in Jaipur that has skilled several college students during the process. In addition, it has faculty participants and mentors who can guide your UPSC training journey.

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masterofd1saster · 2 years

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CJ court watch 27jun22

SCt decided two cases of interest today.

Xiulu Ruan v. United States, 597 U. S. __ (2022) was a unanimous judgment with multiple concurrences. Petitioners were doctors who prescribed controlled substances. Gov't charged them with unauthorized prescribing, and the issue was mens rea as to the "unauthorized" part. Court noted the usual rule that mens rea is required for each element of a crime, and ended with

We conclude that §841’s “knowingly or intentionally” mens rea applies to the “except as authorized” clause. This means that in a §841 prosecution in which a defendant meets his burden of production under §885, the Government must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant knowingly or intentionally acted in an unauthorized manner. We vacate the judgments of the Courts of Appeals below and remand the cases for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

***

Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist., 597 U. S. __ (2022) was decided 6 - 3 along familiar lines. It was a 9th Circuit case, so is anyone surprised it was a reversal?

Joseph Kennedy lost his job as a high school football coach because he knelt at midfield after games to offer a quiet prayer of thanks. Mr. Kennedy prayed during a period when school employees were free to speak with a friend, call for a reservation at a restaurant, check email, or attend to other personal matters. He offered his prayers quietly while his students were otherwise occupied. Still, the Bremerton School District disciplined him anyway. It did so because it thought anything less could lead a reasonable observer to conclude (mistakenly) that it endorsed Mr. Kennedy’s religious beliefs. That reasoning was misguided. Both the Free Exercise and Free Speech Clauses of the First Amendment protect expressions like Mr. Kennedy’s. Nor does a proper understanding of the Amendment’s Establishment Clause require the government to single out private religious speech for special disfavor. The Constitution and the best of our traditions counsel mutual respect and tolerance, not censorship and suppression, for religious and nonreligious views alike.***

The school district fired him because they feared allowing him to coach and pray would violate the Establishment Clause. J. Gorsuch noted:

It is true that this Court and others often refer to the “Establishment Clause,” the “Free Exercise Clause,” and the “Free Speech Clause” as separate units. But the three Clauses appear in the same sentence of the same Amendment: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech.” Amdt. 1. A natural reading of that sentence would seem to suggest the Clauses have “complementary” purposes, not warring ones where one Clause is always sure to prevail over the others.***

Respect for religious expressions is indispensable to life in a free and diverse Republic—whether those expressions take place in a sanctuary or on a field, and whether they manifest through the spoken word or a bowed head. Here, a government entity sought to punish an individual for engaging in a brief, quiet, personal religious observance doubly protected by the Free Exercise and Free Speech Clauses of the First Amendment. And the only meaningful justification the government offered for its reprisal rested on a mistaken view that it had a duty to ferret out and suppress religious observances even as it allows comparable secular speech. The Constitution neither mandates nor tolerates that kind of discrimination. Mr. Kennedy is entitled to summary judgment on his First Amendment claims.

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carolinemillerbooks · 2 years

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New Post has been published on Books by Caroline Miller

New Post has been published on https://www.booksbycarolinemiller.com/musings/of-human-bondage/

Of Human Bondage

If past practices are a justification for anything, then slavery should be legal. Slavery existed long before the birth of Christ, and several passages in the Bible sanction the institution. Many of us may think slavery is illegal in the modern world. But, those of us who do are wrong. Nearly half of existing countries have no laws against slavery and do not punish those who engage in it. Over 10,000 slaves are estimated to be entrapped in England, alone. In the United States, the non-profit organization Exodus Road estimates 400,000 slaves suffer in plain sight. Slavery’s victims are impoverished people lured to foreign destinations with the promise of work. When they arrive in their new country, few of them speak the prevailing language and know nothing of its customs, or laws. Denied their passports from the outset, they are a the mercy of unscrupulous traffickers who beat and bully them until they agree to work in the sex trade or as factory or domestic servants. Poverty makes slaves of natural-born citizens as well. The growing gap between rich and poor has become wide enough to swallow middle-class professionals who work in high-income and resort areas. Surrounded by conspicuous consumption, teachers, policemen, and firefighters struggle to find affordable housing. Most of them don’t. They live in their cars, RVs, or tents. Some work two jobs while the rich buy two houses. Though they aren’t subjected to physical abuse, these employees endure the indifference of those whom they serve. Veterans suffer a similar fate. Recently, their health care benefits became political fodder in a power game between Democrats and Republicans. Comedian Jon Stewart charged these so-called leaders with callousness, people who see veterans not as human beings but as the lowest hanging fruit in their political games Women have a long history of living as chattel. For centuries, coverture deprived them of their property and their freedom. Patriarchy, according to Catholic and Evangelical doctrine, confers upon men a God-given right to dominate women. In the United States that legal yoke remained in place until early in the twentieth century. Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito appears to prefer the old ways. Raised as a Catholic, he is comfortable with his decision to overturn Roe v Wade, a 50-year-old precedent that said the right to an abortion was protected by the 14th Amendment of the U. S. Constitution. He denied that interpretation, saying his predecessors misconstrued the language. His subsequent remarks on the subject suggest his religious belief shaped his conclusion. In public appearances, he’s called for “positive law,” one that defends religious freedom in an “increasingly secular society.” His goal, he admits, is one of conversion: to convince those who do not identify with a faith, or view it as a negative, that religious freedom is worth protecting. Solicitous of his religious freedom, Alito is willing to trod on a woman’s freedom to seek medical care. U. S. Attorney General Merrick Garland views that position as overreach. To prove it, he has taken Idaho to court, challenging its draconian anti-abortion legislation. It violates the provisions of EMTALA, a federal law that governs medical emergencies, he argues. The success of that suit notwithstanding, Alito’s religious freedom argument is spurious. Catholics and Evangelicals might be satisfied with legislation that says personhood begins at the moment of conception, but what about other faiths? Rabbi Danya Ruttenberg says her religious duty lies in preserving the life of the mother. A conflict like this one has drawn Jewish, Buddhist, and Unitarian leaders together. According to them, abortion bans violate their religious freedoms. Atheists object, as well. They see no reason to be bound by any religious tenet. On another level, abortion bans hurt the economy. The summer edition of Ms magazine notes that pulling women out of the workforce during their productive years slows the GDP and throws scores of these workers into poverty. (“Bad Business,” Linda Burstyn, Ms, Summer edition, pg. 21.). Already, states that ban abortion are experiencing a brain drain. Young, educated women are voting with their feet, moving to escape discriminatory laws. Others are refusing employment where those laws exist. (Ibid, pg. 21.) Likewise, universities and colleges affected by the ban are bracing for enrollment declines. (Ibid, pg. 23.) Turning back the clock on women’s rights won’t be easy. Females are half the population and, as we saw in Kansas, they vote. What’s more, Alito’s veiled attempt to give political credence to the narrow view of one religious sect doesn’t widen religious freedom. It narrows it. As a member of the highest court in the land, the judge would serve his country better if he focused his attention less on Christianity and more on the delivery of liberty and justice for all.

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garnerhahn1 · 2 years

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Peace treaty Demo Added benefits and disadvantages: Should Your Church service Receive Provided?

Are you a Christian church drawing card or tied plainly a penis of your parish that thinks in carrying knocked out grand entirely over the neighborhood as nicely as the globe? The warfare in Republic of Iraq is an job that quite a a few church service groups and religions, possibly your undergo, desire that they may good exact attention of. Presented that several religious leadership and church parishes are not capable to stop wars from taking localization globally, in accession to be non cook to supply household wholly Solid ground military personnel, rather a few rich person made a decisiveness to undergo actions that they hindquarters do once again dwelling house. Between entirely those actions unremarkably consists of belongings a public security mobilise or a heartsease protestation. These rallies and protests are apace growth in trance and they are consistently disseminative wholly through with the U. S. Army. Rather a few stimulate actually stated that ataraxis rallies and protests are prosperous, evening though other folks announce that they are good a squander of fourth dimension and money. To number out if a church service staged serenity come up is paragon for you and your local residential area, you wish want to take on conserving meter reading through with. Good unity of the a raft of electropositive aspects or execs to owning a heartsease muster up in your vicinity is the steering that you leave likely see to it. Church building users are likely not the simply populate now in your residential area who are opposing to war, particularly wars on foreign soils. That is only a someone of the diverse motives wherefore pacification rallies are escalating in attraction, as the supporters of pacification hold on to stupefy bigger in measurement every unity and precisely around every Clarence Shepard Day Jr. Though in that location is a accidental that you wish deliver a monolithic swan of supporters in your neighborhood, supporters who besides want a law-abiding resolution to the war that will delivers troopers home, you possess to keep going on with monish. With dying and state of war interchangeable injuries often having smirch, you could undergo a loved ones in your residential district WHO has in reality been directly impacted by the over the sea warfare. In this juncture, it is yet come-at-able for you to receive a dissent or tantalize contacting for peace, only it is vital that you do so in a weigh that individuals influenced by warfare volition not begin offence also. Mentioning having проститутки , it is furthermore lively to support in understanding the major stress of heartsease. Serenity involves a dollar bill and quiet closure to war, without whatsoever far More bloodletting. With that in mind, you trust that every individual, from wholly sides, has the capableness to produce a tranquil solution. Even out though people World Health Organization legion heartsease rallies and demonstrations contacting for repose oftentimes do non subscribe war, a deal of withal assistance our Land troops. To ascertain a larger adhering to, peculiarly from the profession, you leave need to get this rattling the true a identified scarce one at from each one somebody of your peacefulness rallies or demonstrations requiring repose. Ought to you prefer for to receive a rebound or a demo calling for a calm resolving power to state of war or a pick of them in your regional community, it is proposed that you exhaustively stand by to totally regional, consideration, and authorities guidelines. Unluckily, numerous individuals WHO are scaffolding protests and rallies do not even out bonk that they give birth basically intercrossed or are or so to pass over a trace. Because your church's continue pass over of paper is on the line, in add-on to its world-wide populace lettered, it is exceptionally significant that you take to shell out with demonstrations and rallies in relaxed and dependent matters. 1 of those multitude steps usually includes retention a peace treaty mobilize or a pacification monstrance. That is good but unrivalled of the a flock of factors why peace of mind rallies are growing in bewitch, as the admirers of peace treaty keep to buzz off More strong in sizing from each one and every on the job 24-hour interval These World Health Organization boniface peace treaty rallies and demonstrations contacting for pacification habitually do not assistance war, a batch of withal help our American soldiers. To discover a larger sized adhering to, specifically from the neighbourhood, you volition want to brand this the true of the matter a accepted a individual at for each one somebody of your repose rallies or demonstrations contacting for heartsease.

#проститутки Москва

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dr4kenlvr · 3 years

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MY BABY'S AN ID♡L !! (3)

pairings: mikey sano, chifuyu matsuno, mitsuya takashi, ran haitani x fem!reader

genre: fluff

request: Hellooo ♡ just saw ur post of idol girl crush reader and omg I'm in love 💖 and since u also said that I'm free to rq the other boys,here I am. So same request (heyyyy would be hella cool if u could do some hcs for tokyo revengers boys with a idol s/o who is a rapper on a girlcrush group <3 xoxox), but this time for Mikey, Chifuyu, and Mitsuya 💕💕 add anyone else if u wanna, take care uwu

a/n: v happy you loved them! it's a very fun request to do, so thanks for sending one in again! muahah you know i had to add my baby ran muahahah <3 enjoy! + not proof read ily

part 1 / part 2 /

MIKEY:

is,, sorta nonchalent about it?

"oh? you're in a worldwide famous girl group? woah."

but! that doesn't mean he's not totally impressed at how cool you are, what!!!!

he gets really hyped listening to your group's more upbeat songs- like he'll be jumping around and shit screaming out poorly pronounced lyrics LMAO

when your verses come on though, he doesn't even try to rap along because he knows he's gonna butcher it all

he's already had you and draken laugh at him, he doesn't need more

(imagine him and his pout <3)

"you're too fast! sounds like peh-yan!"

THE LOOK YOU GIVE HIM AFTER HELPPP

he loves watching you perform, he feels entranced every time

you just look so gorgeous up there, hair all done, skin all glowing and your outfit- ugh, he just thinks you're so wonderful

and he's really happy that you're happy- he couldn't ask for more

he buys all your albums btw, and squeals if he pulls your photocard

"KEN LOOK! IT'S Y/N!"

"yes mikey, you've already shown me."

when you're feeling tired or bummed out he'll offer you his entire bed to rest so that you'll be comfortable

he's giving up his bed for you- that's true love right there

but sometimes he'll cave in and cuddle with you on the small mattress because damn has he missed you

CHIFUYU:

you already KNOW this mf listens to kpop religiously !!!!

and he is head over heels for you

he was worried when you first started going out, because of the strict rules on dating in the kpop industry (which is so ass btw)

you told him you had spoken to your company, and that you were willing to go through the troubles if it meant you'd be with him

yeah, chifuyu was sold

he loves you so much, let me just say that

and he is so encouraging and enthusiatic about your career, it's really sweet

he's always there to give you feedback, praise, a person to laugh with, a shoulder to cry on, he is there for you

streams all your music, on youtube, on spotify, anything to improve your efforts of winning an award

and honestly? he loves your group's music- it's so diverse and there's a perfect song for every mood

he gets so hyped when he hears your raps

he's shaking his head aggresively left to right while holding up a rock sign and it's the most hilarious thing you've ever seen

"OH YEAH!!!!!! LET'S GO!!!!!!!!"

he's on cloud 9 when he listens to your music basically

MITSUYA:

is almost always on you with compliments, and he's so so attentive even you can't keep up with it

"y/n! you did amazing tonight, you must be tired though,"

"luna loved your outfit last night, she keeps telling me i should try to recreate it."

"baby have you taken a break yet? that interviewer was so insistent with the questions."

you're so taken aback by how much he pays attention, and it warms your heart so much

you know how much of an already-busy man he is, with school, his hobbies, his sisters, and the gang, you didn't want to add to his load of things to take care of

"what do you mean? isn't this just me being supportive of you?"

you cried, because he's so sweet

every time you see each other again, he can't help but give you a sweet kiss on the lips- you're both so hard working and he's so proud of you

mitsuya loves your group's songs- esp. the more slow calm tracks, they're all added to his downtime playlist

every now and then he'll feel a more upbeat song, and loves to hear your rap flow through his headphones

he'll unconsciously tap his foot or beat his head to your rhythm, completely captivated in your voice

RAN:

ohohho this cheeky fucker

he found himself 10x more attracted to you after finding out you were an idol

is so fucking smug to be your boyfriend because he knows just how many people on the internet are practically in love with you too

posts lowkey couple photos of the two of you with the caption "all mine" and giggles at the fact that your face can't be seen unlike his

(this is self indulgent but- photos where his hand is on your waist or stomach- <333 or like you're laying on his chest and he's stroking your back while you fall asleep on him)

(HOLLERING BECAUSE IM SO IN LOVE WITH HIM NANA X RAN CANON OK BYE)

ran might be prideful but he's careful too!! doesn't want to get you into any trouble, why would he?

likes to listen to your music while on late night rides through roppongi- even better if you're with him ;)

got into a fight once with your songs in the background LMAOO- he's literally beating people up with his baton while you're rapping in his airpod

deadass stops to sway and jam before getting back to it!

it's concerning really, how many times he texts you: "babe i killed someone to your verse"

"HUH."

anyways, i love him, i love this concept, i want to be sexy couple with ran haitani the end <3

taglist: @dai-tsukki-desu @faetarou @kazuhoya (send an ask or dm to be added!)

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touyaz · 2 years

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For context I'm hafu Japanese Canadian

For me it depends on like the situation like "I hc this character as X because of XYZ canon reasons" vs "this character is now X because I said so" like the first is at least there's I guess a reason? Like oh these things remind me of my race or my experiences so I like to see this character as this (so long as they don't push these HCs on others) vs the later which just reminds me of my various childhood memories of people arguing with me that (insert character) cannot be Japanese because they don't look Asian/Japanese to white people (so many arguments over charas like Ichigo (Bleach) and Usagi/Serenity (Sailor Moon) because they don't have black hair and squinty eyes so how can they possibly be Japanese /s)

I definitely understand why other AAs/ACs don't feel comfortable, given how often that it is a common experience and how we're often told we don't need representation in American media because we have anime/kdrama/etc. Which is like okay? But if our only representation is in Asian based media (Often Asian media for Asians) then why should we share? It's not necessarily a good mindset to have but I think a lot of minorities, in general, share or have shared that mentality.

Others have brought up the point as well, you are erasing cultural context and other minorities for yourself when you do this (general you, not you specifically) and (at least I've found) sometimes doing your own culture a disservice, you make them speak a different language sometimes and say they're a different race and that's it (which like okay? I guess)

I don't think there's a straight answer and not everyone is ever gonna agree, obviously, but it doesn't feel actively harmful as much as it feels disrespectful, like, why do you feel the need to change a characters race? Are they not relatable enough to you, are they not good enough for you unless they are your own race?

I'm rambling but yeah, it's definitely a complex topic

TL; DR: you're gonna make someone mad regardless of how much you reason or how much it makes sense to you, do so at your own risk

🦇

yeahhh like I've seen fics where ppl have made characters certain religions & I don't think that's bad bc ppl can change their religious beliefs, but they can't change their race, so we should be more careful abt what kind of things we're hc'ing yk? & yeah I know a lot of ppl w that mindset and whilst it's not Good, I think it's at least understandable that ppl will want to hold onto what representation they have of their own community and not include others since they are excluded from other ppl's media. it's nice to see the west have more diversity in media now and actually have it be made by poc so it's an accurate representation (thinking of turning red but I haven't finished it so no spoilers pls </3) & I hope that encourages more ppl around the world to do the same (like ali in squid game!! <3) & yeahhh it comes as more disrespectful like... race is impt to their identity and erasing that is taking away a part of who they are/how they've grown etc. idk imo we should just leave things that we can't change as it is originally, & if u want more rep then u can make oc's yk?

#but yeah def a complex topic it's been nice to talk abt it & hear other ppl's views #thank you for sharing your thoughts & experiences!!!!#anon

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royaltealovingkookiness · 5 years

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So, in the Fire Nation there are several female soldiers, and Ozai literally names his 14 years old daughter Fire Lord. Said daughter also went with her fire nation girl gang to capture a bunch of people and take over Ba Sing Se. In the Fire Nation, women can be respectable (and feared) leaders. Which contrasts with the Northern Water Tribe straight up not letting women waterbend (+ Sokka being a sexists at first so maybe the Souther Tribe had problems with that too?) Idk i think its interesting

Oh, but Azula aside (who is yes a girl, but also the only viable heir of royal bloodline left in that moment), do we really see women as respectable leaders in the Fire Nation?

Maybe in their military?

Sure, there are female soldiers, but their leadership?

That’s right. Old dudes.

Maybe their religious leaders?

Yeah, I didn’t think so.

Wait! But there was this female guard in The Boiling Rock! I remember.

Sure, she had no name or rank and her boss is an old dude.

How about them police-women? Don’t they look intimidating?

Haha. Meet the boss.

But surely you must remember Aang’s class-room teacher - whats-her-name, I think she did actually have a name…

Sure, but guess what? The headmaster?

Yes, you guessed it right. This guy.

So no, there is absolutely no evidence that there are women in respected leadership positions in the Fire Nation.

The installation of a female monarch has more to do with bloodline, and it does not make a society less patriarchal (just look at any pre-modern female ruler in history). But Azula’s case in point - when she was sent out by Ozai to bring back Iroh and Zuko, she did not get a formal military rank like Iroh did when he laid siege to Ba Sing Se. And the same way, she did not pass any formal authority to Ty Lee or Mai. Those two did not even get any formal recognition / badge for the role they played in the conquest of Ba Sing Se.

The Northern Water Tribe was singled out for its patriarchy.

And sure, all the important decisions are taken by men, the girls are refused to be allowed to learn to fight, Yue cannot even freely choose her husband. Clearly, they are bad.

But is the situation better in the Southern Water Tribe?

Not much, if Sokka’s initial sexism is any indication (because that attitude is not born in isolation- and if Gran-Gran went to the South Pole to escape the Northern patriarchy, I’m sure Sokka didn’t learn it from her, which leaves the quite likely scenario that those views came from Hakoda and his circle).

Yes, btw, the decisions here are also made by the men.

Maybe in Earth Kingdom things are better?

Yeah, I didn’t think so. Let’s move on.

No wait, what about the Kyoshi warriors? Bastion of girl power?

Sorry, there is this guy who makes the actual decisions...

But the Air Nomads? They are so enlightened…

Sure they are.

How about the White Lotus? It’s all about beauty and harmony and balance…

Well, this looks awfully diverse…(look they each have a unique beard style)

The truth is, there are no examples of women in authority position in the entire ATLA world. Azula comes close to being crowned Fire Lord and that’s it.

Now if I’m nice, then I can say that maybe since the Avatar-world was inspired by pre-modern Asian societies, the creators just decided to stay true to the history of women’s status in those societies (like… cool tidbit…Fire Nation is influenced by Japan, and in medieval Japan women were commonly trained to fight, but that didn’t mean that they could hold leadership positions) the same way they tried to give a faithful depiction of the fauna of the continent.

Or - I could be mean and say that because the creators were largely men - it never occurred to them that there is more to “feminist” writing than creating a couple of kick-ass female characters and give them traditionally male hero attributes (the strongest bending, fighting prodigies, knife-expert, chi-blocking queen, or super-ninja) and then congratulate yourself for being so open-minded and progressive and proceed to focus the overwhelming amount of screen-time, bonding moments and character-development on your male characters. What do you mean you want more female bonding? Or female mentors? We made you the greatest benders and non-benders. What else do you want? Can’t you see how g-e-n-e-r-o-u-s we are? Go, argue if Azula, Toph or Katara would win the cat-fight. We made them totally OP. We are feminists.

The truth is, ATLA is a great show, it has many strengths. Female representation is not one of them.

#atla #female representation #atla critical #saltbending #fire nation #earth kingdom #northern water tribe #southern water tribe #air nomads #avatar world

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agnesbrooklyn01 · 3 years

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Guide to US Green Cards – Various Paths

America is the land of opportunities. The opportunities open up more, once a foreign born citizen gets permanent resident status. America has more immigrants than any other country in the world, there are about 44.8 million immigrants living in the US. Most of the foreign born citizens dream to become a permanent resident. This article will give overview of the process and list out the paths to get permanent residency, popularly known as green card.

What is Green Card in USA?

A Permanent Resident Card, popularly known as a Green Card, allows someone to live and work in the United States on a permanent basis. Once you get a green card, you do not need to get visa to enter US, you can work for anyone or start a business in US. The Green Card is actually no longer purely green, but mostly mix of green and blue with US flag in background. It is best to get in touch with the expert immigration Lawyers in Dillon CO, so that you know all the aspects of immigration.

How to get Green Card in US – Paths

There are several paths to receiving a Green Card. Most Green Card holders qualify through sponsorship by a close family member or their employer. But there are several other paths available. People designated as special immigrants, refugees or asylees, human trafficking or crime victims, victims of abuse can also qualify.

There are also a handful of special categories that apply to very specific groups of people. The spouse and unmarried children under age 21 of the person being sponsored (often called the “beneficiary”) for a Green Card can typically apply for one as well as a derivative applicant.

One important thing to note is that there are specific quotas and limits for certain categories of green cards. Sometimes, you may need to wait a long time, before you get green card. It usually depends based on your country of origin and your category of green card you are applying to.

Now, let’s look at the two major paths, Family & Employment, for getting green card in detail.

Green Card through Family

The largest category of Green Card recipients receive their Green Cards through sponsorship by a family member. There are several family-based categories:

Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens: An immediate relative is defined as a spouse, unmarried child under the age of 21 or the parent of a U.S. citizen. The key requirement is that U.S. citizens must be at least 21 years old to sponsor a parent. There is no cap or limit on the number of visas that can be issued in this category, so beneficiaries can receive Green Cards once their petition is approved without waiting for a visa number to become available. However, derivative beneficiaries are not permitted to apply in this category.

Other family members of U.S. citizens: Children of U.S. citizens who are married and/or over the of 21 qualify for this category. Also, siblings of U.S. citizens qualify under this category. More distant relatives such as grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins do not qualify. As there are more applicants in this category than the green cards available for this category every year, anyone applying must wait. Usually, once their green card petition is approved by USCIS, they need to wait for a green card slot number to become available. These wait times to get green card are longest for citizens of China, India, Mexico and the Philippines, with some wait times of more than 20 years.

Fiancé(e)s of U.S. citizens: U.S. citizens may petition for a visa to allow a foreign fiancé(e) to travel to the U.S. The foreign national and U.S. citizen must marry within 90 days of arrival. Once married, the U.S. citizen may sponsor their spouse for a Green Card.

Widow(er)s of U.S. citizens : If a U.S. citizen files a Green Card application for their spouse, but dies before it is approved, the (widow)er can still receive a Green Card. Widow(er)s who do not have a pending application at the time of their spouse’s death have two years to file a Green Card application.

VAWA self-petitioners : The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) allows victims of abuse carried out by their U.S. citizen spouse, former spouse, parent or child to apply for a Green Card. This category applies to those who been abused by a spouse, former spouse or parent who holds a Green Card as well. VAWA self-petitioners can apply without their abuser’s knowledge or consent.

Green Card through Employment

Sponsorship through an employer is another common way to obtain a Green Card in US. Spouses and underage, unmarried children of the sponsored employee are eligible to apply for green card as well. Similar to some family-based categories, there is a limit on the number of visas issued in a given year, which creates a backlog.

There are five broad categories for those seeking a Green Card through employment. Depending on the preference category, it can take more than ten years for a visa number to become available. Below are the 5 categories for Employment based Green cards.

Employment Based First Preference (EB-1): This category is for anyone with extraordinary ability in their field, outstanding professors/ researchers and certain multinational executives/managers can apply.

Employment Based Second Preference (EB-2) : The EB2 category is for anyone with exceptional (a step down from extraordinary(EB1), but still a high bar) ability in their field, advanced degrees or whose employment is considered to be in the U.S. national interest (such as doctors working in underserved areas) can apply. Also, if you have extensive experience in your field, then you may be eligible as well.

Employment Based Third Preference (EB-3) : The EB3 category is for most of the other professionals, either skilled or unskilled workers, fall into this category.

Employment Based Fourth Preference (EB-4) : This category is a mixture of many sub-categories that do not qualify under EB1, EB2 or EB3. It includes workers & individuals who fall under religious workers, special immigrant juveniles(SIJ), broadcasters, NATO employees, members of the armed forces, Panama Canal Zone employees, certain doctors and Afghani and Iraqi citizens who have served as translators or otherwise supported the U.S. operations in those countries.

Employment Based Fifth Preference (EB-5): The EB5 category allows investors who meet certain qualifications to apply for a Green Card. Those qualifications include investing a minimum of $900,000 in a rural area or area of high unemployment or at least $1,800,000 in other geographic areas to create a minimum of 10 jobs in a new business or save jobs in a pre-existing troubled business.

Other Categories of Green Cards

In addition to above two major categories, there are several other ways to get a Green Card in US. Below are the other paths to get a get a green card.

Asylees and Refugees: Those receiving asylum may apply for a Green Card. They usually can apply for green card using adjustment of status process, one year after asylum is granted. Refugees can apply for green card one year after being admitted to the U.S.

Human Trafficking and Crime Victims : Those who have previously received a temporary visa as a victim of Human Trafficking (T visa) or Crime (U visa) can apply for a Green Card by applying for adjustment of status as long as certain criteria are met.

Victims of Abuse : In addition to family based VAWA category, additionally, some children who have been designated as victims of abuse, neglect or abandonment can apply for a Green Card and adjust their status as Special Immigrant Juveniles.

Diversity Immigrant Visa Lottery : The Diversity Immigrant Visa Program is perhaps the best known of these categories. Each year, 50,000 visas are set aside for people from countries with low rates of immigration and winners are selected by lottery. Most of those selected are living outside the U.S. and receive their Green Card through consular processing. A small number are already living in the U.S. on a temporary visa. These lottery winners may instead adjust their status.

Other Categories : There are a handful of other ways to qualify for a Green Card, most of which apply to people from certain countries who meet very specific conditions like certain Cuban natives, Liberian Refugee program, American Indian born in Canada, Diplomat, etc.

Green Card through Registry : Those who have been living continuously in the U.S. since Jan. 1, 1972 are eligible for Green Cards by applying for Adjustment of Status. Unlike other categories, such applicants are not required to have a medical exam.

#policies #immigration #immigrants #laws

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sublimegardeninternet · 2 years

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How to Study Modern Indian History for UPSC?

History is an umbrella term that encompasses beyond events, journeys, discoveries, and many others. History is a charming difficulty. You locate History as a tedious and lengthy topic, but after you expand an interest in reading history books, you may find History as a hard and fast of real existence beyond stories. However, History is seen because of the maximum scoring and massive problem from the united states' point of view. Talking of History, Indian History is the oldest and most diverse issue, and it is able to be classified into (i) Ancient history (ii) Medieval History, and (iii) Modern-day India.

In this phase of the object, we will deal with modern Indian History and consciousness on a few hints and hints to look at contemporary Indian History successfully for our examination. But, first, let’s recognize a few important data related to the questions from the USA examination’s current records section.

To start with, modern Indian History is the maximum scored situation inside the UPSC exam. You can anticipate a minimum of 7-eight questions in the preliminary paper and about 3-4 out of 20 questions in the GS paper 1 of the principle tests. People generally find History disturbing because of memorizing numerous dates, movements, businesses, revolts, career in India and so forth. Now to match all this stuff for your mind, greater than difficult paintings is wanted as you may waste a variety of your valuable time. It could help if you were shrewd and brief so permit’s move directly to hints and hacks to study cutting-edge History for UPSC.

But earlier than jumping directly into the recommendations and tricks, right here is something that may manual you at some stage in your preparations.

Modern History has seven sections.

1. India in the early 1750s.

2. British Expansion and rule.

3. Changes were introduced by the British.

4. Uprising Revolts towards the British.

5. Socio-Religious Movements in India.

6. Emerging Nationalism in India

7. Struggle for independence.

These are seven fundamental sections or subjects you should cover at the same time as preparing for the cutting-edge records segment of the examination. Only study these topics; but, study stuff relating to or main to these sections. Now let’s see how to put together current History in 3 primary steps.

Tips to put together for Modern History

Understand the Causes

Try to apprehend the causes of movement and discover why revolutions are precipitated. It will improve your perception and analysing strength which is the most required ability set at some point in the interviews. Study History as something apart from a topic; instead, try taking in the challenge as a tale. You can quickly draw close to a tale in preference to reading technical phrases, so strive know-how every cause in the back of every motion.

Keep Solving Questions

Practice as many questions, MCQs, and mock take a look at papers as viable. These will help improve your speed and, at some point, assist you revise topics as you may cowl extra syllabi by using solving questions. For example, while fixing MCQs, make sure you've got a cause for your solutions. This trick will help you revise a few parts of the topics after every query you resolve.

Try to Relate

Try to locate links and note down the position of essential personalities like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Bhagat Singh, and many others., in forming various actions and revolts that drove the u. S . A .’s independence. UPSC expects their aspirants to understand approximately sports and more than one mission, for example, the formation of the Indian national congress birthday celebration in Bengal and the salt satyagraha, which had been a few early tiers where u. S . career counselling in india Changed into striving for independence from British rule. So make sure to observe these things and relate these super vital matters. Sometimes you even get to look at the involvement of the same person in various movements. It will help you get a better picture of us of a’s independence.

Steps on the way to Prepare any Movement

1. Look for what brought on the movement

2. Personalities participating in the movement

3. Whether the motion is Nonviolent or Violent

4. Important Leaders leading the motion

5. Congress classes earlier than and after any motion

6. Did the motion bring out desired modifications

7. Drawbacks of the motion

8. Reasons in the back for the failure or withdrawal of the movement

9. Aftermath movement

Conclusion

You must focus on those steps even as making ready the modern-day records phase for UPSC. Leaving even an unmarried step ought to motivate an inability to solve questions.

You are always unfastened to study past those points, but again take it most effective a touch, as you can become losing time and perplexing yourself.

History is a diverse problem, and it becomes extra difficult as you cross deeper into knowledge concepts. Use restrained and relied on resources to look at Modern History.

You can join The Thought Tree for UPSC education. This article helped make clear your doubts concerning how one should look at Modern History.

The Thought Tree

The Thought Tree is the quality IAS education in Jaipur that has skilled several college students during the process. In addition, it has faculty participants and mentors who can guide your UPSC training journey.

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