If I have to do all the worldbuilding work for Kishi, I might as well go all out.
Warning: extremely long post, pathological overthinking and faked knowledge of various languages
Naruto world - geography and countries
(Note: many of the names are phonological approximations to the original names and so may not make much sense)
Geography:
→ Land masses:
Kigi Peninsula (木木半島 / “Peninsula of the many trees”) - peninsula on the north-east extremity of the continent; named so for the dense forests covering the mountains
though this is the name proper, the peninsula is often called by the country name
Crescent Peninsula (三日月半島 / Mikazuki-hantō) - peninsula connected by a small strip of land to the eastern side of the continent
Tomoe Islands (巴島 / Tomoe-jima) - two islands to the east of the Mikazuki Peninsula
Pearl Islands (珠群島 / Tama-guntō) - a cluster of islands in the Eastern Sea
Baratan Island (薔薇痰島 / Baratan-jima) - an island off the southern coast of the continent
The Nose (鼻半島 / Hana-hantō) - a small peninsula in the Ice Sea
→ Mountains:
Senzan Mountain range (千山 / “A thousand summits”) - the great mountain range stretching across the continent
Western Mountain range (西山脈 / Nishi Sanmyaku) - the range between the Great Desert and the plain
Tengu Mountains (天狗山脈 / Tengu Sanmyaku) - the highest peaks of the Senzan Mountains
Original name: Тэнгэр Нуруу (Tenger Nuruu / “Sky Mountains”)
Kotesuwa Mountains (コテスワ山脈 / Kotesuwa Sanmyaku) - part of the Senzan Mountains on the Kigi Peninsula
Original name: कोटेश्वर (Koteshwor / “Ten million gods”)
Kōdai Plateau (広大 / “The great expanse”) - plateau north of the Senzan Mountains
→ Lowlands:
Central Plain (中原 / Nakahara) - the plain stretching between Senzan and Western Mountains to the sea; “birthplace” of the Central Empire
The Great Desert (大砂 / Ōsuna “Great Sand”) - the rain shadow desert to the south of Senzan Mountains
Original name: Улы кум (Uli Kum / same meaning)
Ōmu Desert (大無の砂漠 / “Desert of great nothingness”) - the desert in the southern part of the Kōdai Plateau
Original name: Оэмно Элс (Oemno Els / “Southern Sands”)
Jukai Forest (樹海 / “Sea of trees”) - the forest taking up the south-east part of the Central Plain
Western Wilderness (西荒野 / Nishigoya) - the expanse of land to the west of the Great Desert
→ Rivers&Lakes:
Black River (黒川 / Kurogawa) - the great river flowing from the Tengu Mountains and through the Centrain Plain; the continent’s longest river
the name stems from its clearness before it enters the plain
Kisaki River (后川 / “Queen river”) - the river flowing north through the Kōdai Plateau; technically a part of the Black River
Original name: Хатан Гол (Hatan Gol / same meaning)
Hanasen River (華千川 / “River of the thousand beauties”) - the river running from the Western Mountains along the southern coast
Original name: Ана өзен (Ana Ozen / “Mother River”)
Fire River (火川 / Higawa) - the river tracing the north-west edge of the Central Plain; named so because it was rumored to have had scalding waters at the beginning of the world
Utoga Lake (烏兎が湖 / “Sun-and-moon lake”) - the lake in the Tengu Mountains, the highest lake on the continent; a place of worship for local religions as well as for (the Narutoverse equivalent of) Buddhism
Original name: Хутга Нуур (Khutga Nuur / “Knife lake”)
→ Seas:
Ice Sea (氷海 / Hyōkai) - separates the North Pole from the continent
Inner Sea (内海 / Utsumi) - between the mainland and the Crescent Peninsula
Eastern Sea (東海 / Tōkai) - the waters between the mainland and the Pearl Islands as well as the ocean beyond
Countries:
The Five Great Countries:
Fire → Chugoku (中国 / “Central Country”)
name inherited from the eponymous empire
Water → Chōson (朝尊 / “Precious dawn”)
Original name: Joson
Lightning → Akasa-goku (赤矢国 / “Red arrow”)
Original name: Akāsā-Bhūmi (“Sky land”)
Earth → Mōn (蒙ん)
Original name: Монх Улс (Monkh Uls / “Eternal land”)
Wind → Kaze-goku (風国) / no change
Original name: Chelana-Kara (“Land of the wind mother”)
Other Countries:
(Note: the small countries on the periphery of Chugoku are former provinces and have kept their province names)
Iron → Kurogane-goku (黒金国 / no change)
Historical name: Томоргазар (Tomorgazar / “Iron land”)
Snow → Shimo-goku (霜国 / “Frost country”, we don’t need two countries that are basically the same)
Tea → Shizuyama (静山 / “Silent mountains”)
Rice Fields → Aota (青田 / “Green rice field”)
Grass → Shirono (白野 / “White field”)
River → Kawagata (川潟 / “River lagoon”)
Rain → Fukugawa (福川 / “Good luck river”)
Waves → Seigaiha (青海波 / Name of the traditional waves pattern)
Hot Water → Ōita (大分 / Ōita Prefecture in Japan is famous for its hot springs)
Waterfall → Yamamon (山門 / “Mountain gate”)
Shirono, Fukugawa and Kawagata are collectively known as Kansai, or “West Barrier”.
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HOUSHIN ENGI
SHIN ANGYO ONSHI Manhwa
GREEN BLOOD
YAMA FU-TANG
ONIKIRI JYUZO
BASILISK
SWAN
DOKI DOKI (NAKATA SHUNPEI)
CHRONOS RULER
LISELOTTE TO MAJO NO MORI
HANA WA SAKURA YORI MO HANA NO GOTOKU
SONO UDE DE BOKU O DAITE
HARUKANARU JIKUU NO
NAKA DE
HANA NO HIME
SAIUNKOKU MONOGATARI
PALADIN Manhwa
PSYREN
THE SWORD OF EMPEROR Manhwa
THREADS OF TIME Manhwa
SHIRAYUKIHIME TO 7-NIN NO SHUUJIN
PEACE MAKER KUROGANE
KUROGANE (IKEZAWA HARUTO)
ASTERISK
VAMPIRE GIRL (TANAKA MINORU)
BLACK TRICK
NEKO NO MACHI NO KO
OTONA NI NUTS
PERSONA 4
BLOODHOUND
BLACK WIND
NISEKOI
KOI DANO AI DANO
KURENAI OUJI
SHOUJO GENSOU NECROPHILIA
LI REN MAN Manhua
CHOCOLAT (KUBONOUCHI EISAKU)
CHOUKA KOU
GOD OF BATH
KUBERA
YEONMO
RULER OF THE LAND
PERFECT GIRL EVOLUTION
HATENKOU YUUGI
HAKKENDEN
NANOHANA NO KARE
CRIME ZONE
SOUSEI NO ONMYOUJI
AKAYA AKASHIYA AYAKASHI NO
MOMOIRO HEAVEN
CHICCHAI TOKI KARA SUKI DAKEDO
FUUKI NO OKITE
OUKOKU GAME
INUGAMIHIME NO SHIMOBE
IKOKU MEIRO NO CROISÉE
OUTBREAK COMPANY - MOERU SHINRYAKUSHA
PUPA
PURE LOVE LABYRINTH
UNTIL DEATH DO US PART
NISHIKI-KUN NO NASUGAMAMA
CHEONSAENG YEONBUN
SEIYUU KA-!
SORE WA TOTSUZEN, UNMEI NO AITE GA
KUROGANE (KEZAWA HARUTO)
TRUE LOVE (SUGIYAMA MIWAKO)
KIMI NI KOISHITEI DESU KA.
HAJIMARI NO NIINA
GAMBLE FISH
SIDOOH
DEAR
MAJO NO SHINZOU
BREAK BLADE
OTOME TO METEO
THE PALE HORSE
SHERYL - KISS IN THE GALAXY
LOVE SO LIFE
GEKKA NO KIMI
EROTIC FAIRY TALES: THE LITTLE MATCH GIRL
SHINKEN DE WATASHI NI KOI SHINASAI
TSUBAKIKAN NO UTSUKUSHISUGIRU GARCON
KOBAYASHI GA KAWAI SUGITE TSURAI!!
CHEONSAENG YEONBUN
REBIRTH KNIGHT
SHOKUGEKI NO SOMA
BLOODLINE
LAST GAME
TRUE LOVE (SUGIYAMA MIWAKO)
JITSU WA WATASHI WA
FULL MOON WO SAGASHITE
KORE WA KOI NO HANASHI
AI YORI AOSHI
IMPROPER CAPTURE METHOD OF CLASSMATES & LABYRINTH
HANA KIMI
NENNEN SAISAI
WAKE UP DEADMAN
MUNE GA NARU NO WA KIMI NO SEI
AJIN
SORE WA TOTSUZEN, UNMEI NO AITE GA
NISHIKI-KUN NO NASUGAMAMA
DEFENSE DEVIL
TRINITY SEVEN
Shokugeki no Soma
SHAKUGAN NO SHANA
HITOMI-SENSEI NO HOKENSHITSU
YUMEIRO PATISSIERE
nisekoi komi naoshi
ID (The Greatest Fusion Fantasy)
BAROQUE CHRYSALIS
TOUKYOU KUSHU
AMATSUKI
JINJUU HOURETSUDEN
PARFAIT TIC
SHIRO ARI
Cousin (IKUEMI Ryou)
AKATSUKI NO YONA
NUIGURUMI KURASSHU
SHIRAYUKIHIME TO 7-NIN NO SHUUJIN
FATED TO LOVE YOU
POOR POOR LIPS
REAL CLOTHES
KARE WA DIABLO
CHEONSAENG YEONBUN
SUICIDE PARABELLUM
KYOU, KOI WO HAJIMEMASU
TAIYOU NO IE
UZUMAKI
JIGOKU SHOUJO
[SWITCH]
BOKU NO HATSUKOI WO KIMI NI SASAGU
CHARON SIPHON
YUUTAI NOVA
BLOODY CROSS
AREA D - INOU RYOUIKI
NORAGAMI
ROSE OF VERSAILLES
MAHOU SENSEI NEGIMA!
YUUREITOU
CANIS
MEGANE APATO
ADEKAN
KOI TOKA, KISS TOKA, KARADA TOKA.
TERA GIRL
MONOKURO SHOUNEN SHOUJO
KATAKOI TRIANGLE
OTOME HOLIC
KAICHOU, SUKI TTE ITTE MO II DESU KA?
SHOUNEN OUJO
ARE: AFTER BOYFRIEND
KAICHOU-KUN NO SHIMOBE
NANA MARU SAN BANTSU
YANKEE-KUN TO MEGANE-CHAN
SENSEI TO, UWAKICHUU
SHUUKAKU NO JUUNIGATSU
HOW TO BECOME A LEGEND
BISHOUNEN NO OHEYA
ONII-CHAN COMPLEX
MILLENNIUM SNOW
RUTTA TO KODAMA
DOUSHITEMO FURETAKUNAI
KONBINI-KUN
VASSALORD
AI TO YOKUBOU WA GAKUEN DE
HOUKAGO MEN’S HAREM
B-SHOCK
VIOLINIST OF HAMELN
BLACK CAT
ARES (Manhwa)
URUSEI YATSURA
CHANGE GUY Manhwa
3X3 EYES
ZERO Manhwa
CROSS OVER
HEN
ASU NO YOICHI!
TENJOU TENGE
WILD ACT!
HONEY NA KOTO
ROYAL SEVENTEEN
NEMURIHIME - YUME MIRU YOU NI KOI SHITERU
AKUMA NA CUPID
UNTIL DEATH DO US PART
JOUJUU SENJIN!! MUSHIBUGYO
POYOPOYO KANSATSU NIKKI
HATARAKU MAOUSAMA!
HIKARU TO HIKARI
BOKU TO KIMI TO DE NIJI NI NARU
JOOUSAMA NO TAMAGO
CYCLOPS SHOUJO SAIPU
MEKAKUSHI NO KUNI
MANIATTEMASU!
OMAMORI HIMARI
INARI, KONKON, KOI IROHA
AKUTAI WA TOIKI TO MAZARIAU
OTOKOMAE! BEADS CLUB
KOKO GA UWASA NO EL PALACIO
MAHOU SENSOU
HATSU HARU
KAICHOU-KUN NO SHIMOBE
OMAE O OTAKU NI SHITEYARU KARA, ORE O RIAJUU NI SHITEKURE!
TONARI NO KASHIWAGI-SAN
3D KANOJO
FUJOSHI KANOJO
HANAGIMI TO KOISURU WATASHI
WAGATSUMA-SAN WA ORE NO YOME
HIBI CHOUCHOU
POCHAMANI
SUGAR FAMILY
SENSEI NI, AGERU
TRUE LOVE (SUGIYAMA MIWAKO)
ANI GA IMOUTO DE IMOUTO GA ANI DE.
KOITOMO!?
RENAI BOUKUN
AKATSUKI NO YONA
COME COME VANILLA!
KOYOI, KIMI TO KISS NO CHIGIRI O
MILLENNIUM SNOW
AYAHATORI SHOUKANJOU
SEVEN SISTERS!
OUJI TO HERO
MAKEN-KI!
MAHOUKA KOUKOU NO RETTOUSEI - KYUUKOUSENHEN
JINJA NO MORI NO NORA NEKO-KUN
BOKU GA OTOUTO TO NAKAYOKU NARU HOUHOU
HANA WA SAKURA YORI MO HANA NO GOTOKU
RERE HELLO
WIZARDY ZEO
GIRL THE WILD’S
TALES OF THE ABYSS: TSUIOKU NO JADE
SHAMAN KING FLOWERS
PRINCESS TUTU
NAR KISS
ULTIMATE VENUS
BOKU WA TOMODACHI GA SUKUNAI
HATSUKOI WAZURAI
SHOUKOKU NO ALTAIR
WITCH AND PETER
GOSHUJINSAMA NI KIWOTSUKETE
MELTY BLOOD
YOME GA KORE NA MONDE.
HOUKAGO KISS
AYAKASHI KOI EMAKI
TRUE LOVE (SUGIYAMA MIWAKO)
TENKUU SHINPAN
JITSU WA WATASHI WA
HAKUSHAKU TO YOUSEI
NORAGAMI
BUYUDEN
AISURU HITO
OTOKO HIME TO MAHOU NO LAMP
GUNJOU (KIRIHARA IDUMI)
GIN NI NARU
TOUKYOU KUSHU
KIMI KOSO BOKU NO KOIMONOGATARI
ILLEGAL RARE
IINAZUKE KYOUTEI
SAINT DRAGON GIRL MIRACLE
BOKU NO UCHI NI OIDE
AMAHARA-KUN +
AI ORE!
AI YORI AOSHI
AIR GEAR
AKATEN HERO!
AKI-SORA
SKYHIGH
ALIVE!
SIDOOH
DENKOU SEKKA BOYS
GIOCATORE, HOKAKU KEIKAKU
SOUSEI NO ONMYOUJI
BOCCHIMAN
HI IZURU TOKORO NO TENSHI
UWAGAKI
KITSUNE NO YOMEIRI
AMATSUKI
KAINUSHI WA AKUMA
STRETCH
TEPPUU
MAJO NO BIYAKU
DR. DUO
HIGH SCHOOL DEBUT
REN'AI HOUTEISHIKI
BARAJOU NO KISS
BIORG TRINITY
ORE GA DOUTEI O SUTETARA SHINU KEN NI TSUITE
BOKURA NO HENTAI
YOWAMUSHI PEDAL
THE SACRED BLACKSMITH
14 SAI NO KOI
OMAIRI DESU YO
DEATH EDGE
PIXIE POP
FLY HIGH!
HINA-CHAN NO KOI
S+
NIKO TAMA
HATSUKOI DANDELION
CROSS MANAGE
VAHLIA NO HANAMUKO
YES ITS ME
SHIBATORA
TOKYO ESP
CHIHAYAFURU
BEAUTY POP
EDEN NO HANA
SEIKETSU NO HAGURUMA
CONDUCTOR
MOUSOU HONEY
OH! MY PRINCE
KINGYO SOU
MAGA-TSUKI
WONTED
LIP SMOKE
SON YEON JEON (LIMIT)
KOI DANO AI DANO
SAITEIHEN NO OTOKO
SHOUJOTACHI NO KAIDAN
ENIGME
GRAVITATION
Violence Jack
VASSALORD
DIAMOND NO ACE
BOKURA NO HENTAI
ATSUMARE! GAKUEN TENGOKU
AITSU NO DAIHONMEI
NEJIMAKI KAGYU
BROTHERS CONFLICT PURUPURU
KAMITOKI NO RESIST
LAST CLIENT
TEAM MEDICAL DRAGON
HATSUKIAI
SENICHIYA DROP
SAKAI Mayu’s Manga
FREE SOUL
LOVE VIBES
KOI NO HANASHI GA SHITAI
HOSHI WA AKATSUKI NO KAGE
KAPO-N
NAGI
NAGI NO ASU KARA
AKUMA NO RIDDLE
KIMI WA BOKU NO TORIKO NARE
HATSUKOI NO ATOSAKI
[switch]
Love in the Mask
Genwaku No Kodou
Passage From Servant Boy
Bousou Kareshi
ONEGAI SENSEI
99 HAPPY SOUL
SUGARS (YAMAMORI MIKA)
Super Lovers
[Doumou] Masochistic Communication [English] [Facedesk
[Mizuryu Kei] Limit Break (COMIC HOTMiLK Vol.39 2013-04) [English] [CGrascal]
RED RAVEN
KAIBUTSU OUJO
DEFENSE DEVIL
BONNOUJI
NONCHAN TO WATASHI
BMI
MIDORI NO HIBI
VERITAS
RENAI DEMO CLASSIC
KONBINI S
KYOTEN YUUHOUKI
DRIFTERS
TOUKEI IBUN
YOWAMUSHI PEDAL
RYUURODEN
ZERO IN
Mugen Spiral
SHIRANUI KITANROKU
HANA NO NAMAE
YASHA
OKOBORE HIME TO ENTAKU NO KISHI
KAINUSHI WA AKUMA
HOME
KOI TO NATSU TSUBAKI
Piece of Cake
Hanamachi Monogatari - Hatsuzakura Mau, Yoru No Shitone
Versus X Lovers
Superior
Adekan
ORANGE CHOCOLATE
THE BREAKER: NEW WAVES
AKB49 RENAI KINSHI JOUREI
BOKU TO MIRAIYA NO NATSU
SHOUKOKU NO ALTAIR
CHIHAYAFURU
KIGURUMI BOUEITAI
JOUJUU SENJIN!! MUSHIBUGYO
SAMURAI BABY
AKAKI TSUKI NO MAWARU KORO
5 JI KARA 9 JI MADE
KANOJO WA USO WO AISHISUGITERU
KOKO WA GREENWOOD
KAMIDORI
Yagate, Ao Ni Naru
KAGEROU DAYS
SASAKURE MEMORIAL
BAMBI NO TEGAMI
GWI
ANTIQUE BAKERY
AREA NO KISHI
AI KISS - IDOL KISS
Yami Bl
ANOTHER KINGDOM
SENGOKU DANSHI HANA NO RAN
BANANA BREAD NO PUDDING
SHADOW (HYEJIN)
SHARDS OF SIN
ABNORMAL-KEI JOSHI
HIGANJIMA
HIMEKEI DOLL
YESTERDAY WO UTATTE
FAMILY COMPO
Tenkuu Seiryuu
Yasashii Ryuu No Koroshikata
TOKI NO MAIGO O SAGASHITE!
MONSTER MUSUME NO IRU NICHIJOU
MAOYUU MAOU YUUSHA - KONO WATASHI NO MONO TONARE, YUUSHA YO KOTOWARU!
KARAKURI CIRCUS
-hitogatana-
KOMORI QUINTET!
D NO FUUIN
HANA YAMATA
SENTOU HAKAI GAKUEN DANGEROSU
P TO JK
SAKURASAKU SHOUKOUGUN
Boku wa Kimi no Tori ni Narita
Super Lovers
YONINGURASHI
KATSUTE MAHOU SHOUJO TO AKU WA TEKITAI SHITE ITA
Hachimitsu Darling
USAGI DROP
TRANSISTOR VENUS
BEAUTY HONEY
AKAKI TSUKI NO MAWARU KORO
IIKI NO KI
Z - SUITES
PARAISO
KOISOME MOMIJI
BLOOD AND STEEL
GEKKOH
SHINIGAMISAMA NI SAIGO NO ONEGAI O
KING OF THORN
TOKYO AKAZUKIN
YUMEMIRU TAIYOU
NICHIJOUSAHAN BI - BEAUTIFUL LIFE
ADDICTED TO CURRY
11TH CAT
FREESIA
BOKU NO USHIRO NI MAJO GA IRU
UMINEKO NO NAKU KORO NI EPISODE 1: LEGEND OF THE GOLDEN WITCH
MAGICAL EXAM STUDENT
SHINJUKU DXD
EDITH (ANTHOLOGY)
Superior
B-Eyes
SEKAIONI
ZETTAI KAREN CHILDREN
TONARI NO KASHIWAGI-SAN
TOUKYOU GENJI MONOGATARI (OZAKI MINAMI)
LESSA THE CRIMSON KNIGHT
Haou Airen
Kanojo Ni Naru Hi
Witches
MAHOU SHOUJO SITE
Operation Liberate Men
MAGIKA NO KENSHI TO SHOUKAN MAOU
100% Perfect Girl
AREA NO KISHI
Jackals
Watashi No Megane-kun
The Specific Heat Capacity of Love
Tamen Di Gushi
YUMEKUI MERRY
SPRING AGAIN
RE:MONSTER
CAVALIER OF THE ABYSS
DARK AIR
ARION
MAOYUU MAOU YUUSHA
GOKICHA
SS SISTERS
NANAHIKARI
PURE SHADOW
KIN NO CAIN
INVESTOR Z
KUMO NO GRADUALE
CYBORG 009
Takeda Shingen (YOKOYAMA Mitsuteru)
GRAPPLER BAKI
HITORIBOCCHI NO CHIKYUU SHINRYAKU
SHADES CAPTOR
Black Lagoon
USOGUI
CHAT
CINDERELLA PLOT
SENTIRENTAL SHOUJO
DENMA
SUGAR SUGAR RUNE
Togainu No Chi
SHIRO NO KOUKOKU MONOGATARI
Work In (Yaoi)
Zantei, Koibito
Keep Out (kisaragi Hirotaka)
Mezase Hero
Shinshi Doumei Cross
MONSTER MUSUME NO IRU NICHIJOU
ANGEL VOICE(KOYANO TAKAO)
HANA NO ANDROID GAKUEN
HONORABLE BAEK DONG SOO
YUKIKAZE - MEIJI ISHU KAKUTOUDEN
Nijiiro Days
JASHIN-CHAN DROPKICK
Ashita Dorobou
Girlfriend
Perfect Twin
Yume no Atosaki
Natsu No Zenjitsu
Skyhigh Shinshou
HAPPINESS (FURUYA USAMARU)
Mahouka Koukou No Rettousei - Kyuukousenhen
Mizu Wakusei Nendaiki
Tsuki Ni Kiss No Hanataba O
Tadashii Renai no Susume
Junai Rosen
Love Scar
TOREMOROTORA
SENAKAGURASHI
Vitamin (SUENOBU Keiko)
Doulou Dalu
Earth Kamiya Yuu
Kyousou no Simulacra
BUNGOU STRAY DOGS
DAINANA JOSHIKAI HOUKOU
T R A P
AOKI HAGANE NO ARPEGGIO
KIMI WA PET
HITORIBOCCHI NO CHIKYUU SHINRYAKU
mangaiwanttoread
Yaya Puri
Pani Poni
Sadomi
Akira to Hiyori
Minami-ke
Spotted Flowe
Himawari Youchien Monogatari Aiko Desho!
EVIL HEART
KOORI NO MAMONO NO MONOGATARI
MERMAID LINE
ES - ETERNAL SISTERS
87 CLOCKERS
CYBERBUNK
TALES OF THE UNUSUAL
HAYACHINE!
SASURAI EMANON
BOKU NO MARIE
BOKURA NO POLARIS
NAKANMON
NAGAREBOSHI NI NEGAU HODO BOKURA WA SUNAO JA NAI
A+B: ANGEL+BLOOD
KENGAI PRINCESS
INFERNO (RURU)
SWEET GUY
SHUT HELL
A Falsified Romance
Innocent W
Oyayubihime Infinity
RENAI LAB
Panlong Manhua
GAKUEN HEAVEN
Arcana
THE LEGEND OF MAIAN
Yankee and Yandere Don’t Have Friends
IINAZUKE KYOUTEI
Koori No Mamono No Monogatari
Blame!
Trash
Kamikaze
Sensei!
DHALDOT NO AKUJIKI MUSUME
NEMURI NO FUCHI
ONLY YOU
Dead End
Soil
MPD Psycho
PRINCESS
Legend of the Galactic Heroes
Ze (Yaoi)
Yuuutsu Na Asa (Yaoi)
JIANG YE
Pellua Iyagi
Ou-sama Game - Kigen
Dagashi Kashi
Looking for Clotho
Kuro (somato)
PANLONG
PYGMALIO
Honegoe Monogatari
Sex
WITCH OF THE OLD WORLD
GOSU
TANTEI GAKUEN Q
SAINOKAMI
YUUREITOU
Boku No Futatsu No Tsubasa
Love Junkies
Ageha O Ou Monotachi
Kobi No Kyoujin
URAGIRI WA BOKU NO NAMAE WO SHITTEIRU
JOUJUU SENJIN!! MUSHIBUGYO
Dagashi Kashi
Mahou No Te Ni Notte
Aoki Ookami: Chihate Umi Tsukiru Made
SOREDEMO BOKU WA KIMI GA SUKI
AMAAMA TO INAZUMA
Maken X
NOSTRADAMUS LOVE
MUSUME NO IEDE
GINBAN KISHI
SOUKOKU NO GAROU - HOKUTO NO KEN REI GAIDEN
BAKUON RETTOU
A-BOUT!
SWAP SWAP
ANGEL GAME
LOVELY ANGEL
ROPPONGI BLACK CROSS
YEONMO
MAHOUKA KOUKOU NO RETTOUSEI - KYUUKOUSENHEN
KANOJO WA ROKUROKUBI
DOKURO
THE HARD
KIRIWO TERRIBLE
GOJIKANME NO SENSOU
SHIRANUI-SAN WA ONI GA MIENAI
TIARA
MINNA! ESPER DA YO!
Ijiwaru (Yaoi)
SUMARIN KANOJO-TACHI
AKA AKATORETACHI NO MONOGATARI
SOW
DAISUKI ONNANOKO WA DAISUKI DESU KA?
ANGEL GAME
EVERGREEN DAYS
PENGUIN LOVES MEV
GETSURIN NI KIRI SAKU
009 RE:CYBORG
WHERE TANGENTS MEET
ALL THAT WE HOPE TO BE
CAT’S EYE
TETSUNAKI NO KIRINJI
HONEY SWEET KITCHEN
pastel
Nina My Love
Suki wo Choudai
Flying Witch
YUUSHA GA SHINDA!
AKA AKATORETACHI NO MONOGATARI
Helck
Kyou, Hana No Gotoshi
DOUBLE HOUND
DOGS
Kanojotachi No Saishuu Teiri
DOGS: BULLETS & CARNAGE
RED STORM
DREA-MER
DONGGUO XIAOJIE
CAT’S EYE
OBORERU KNIFE
AKAME GA KIRU!
YURIKUMA ARASHI
ryuurouden
YIN ZHI SHOUMUREN ?
Wedding
Ayashi no Ceres
Flowers Of Evil
Kounodori - The Stork
Mouryou No Hako
BOKU-TACHI NO IKITA RIYUU
BOKU-TACHI NO IKITA RIYUU
UBUME NO NATSU
GOLDEN KAMUI
Seirei Gakusha Kidan Reikyou Kaden
JIGOKU NO ENRA
Hana ni Nare
The Qwaser of Stigmata
YOUKAI SHOUJO - MONSUGA
Bad Police
SUPER LOVERS ———-
NIJIIRO DAYS (MIZUNO MINAMI)
YORUHIME-SAMA
BITCH NA NEKO WA KOUKISHIN NI KATENAI
DARWIN’S GAME
Kareshi Glamorous (Yaoi
Hard Core Heart (Yaoi)
Endo Short Stories
Zero
20th century boys
Old Boy
Blood and Steel
Basilisk
Xian Ni
True Love (sugiyama Miwako)
Threads Of Time
Kare no Shousou to Koi ni Tsuite (Yaoi)
Silver Diamond ???
Stella to Mille Feuille
Graineliers
Fusoku no Renjou (Yaoi)
Jiraishin
Pluto
Dennou Coil
Cashero
hongdo
Sekai No Owari No Sekairoku
Suna No Bara
Paper Girls
Asami-sensei no Himitsu
Yumeiro Patissiere
Papa No Iukoto O Kikinasai!
Seikaku Warui Uke Ga Guzuguzuni Nakasareru Hon
Dark Seed
honey & honey
holiday part 2
Fukumenkei Noise
Aoi Hana
Blue
Happy-go-lucky
yamaji ebine
Maka
Konjiki no Word Master - Yuusha Yonin ni Makikomareta Unique Cheat
Himekishi ga Classmate!
kitchen princess
A Pudgy Girl
Amaama to Inazuma
Acony
Yokubou Shounen
Nagareboshi Lens
Kimi to Boku
Shiro no Koukoku Monogatari
Kaguya Wants to be Confessed to: The Geniuses’ War of Love and Brains
Barbara
Ultrabaroque Deprogrammer
Psychometrer Eiji
ao haru ride
Yome Ga Kore Na Monde
Days
Iyayoiyayo mo kiss no uchi
Uchi wa Futago de Teippai!
Datte, Oishii No Ga Warui.
BE-BOP-HIGHSCHOOL
Shinjuku Swan
Beauty Research Club
Hari no Hana
TOKYO YAMIMUSHI
ASHITA WA DOYOUBI
Gugure! Shigaraki-san
Bakuon Rettou
Vampire Hunter D
Rappa (sasakura Kou)
Vampire Kusunoki Kei
Eko Eko Azarak
NIFLHEIM
HEART OF A DRAGON
KAMISAMA DOLLS
Tokyo Boys And Girls
Shiwhamong
Pornographer
Kyuujitsu to satou
serial experiments lain
THE GOLDEN SPARROW
500-nen No Itonami
Given (maybe or maybe not)
Unhuman
YONGBI
BABY
Samurai Executioner
The Color of Earth
Slow Motion wo Mou Ichido
Golden Boy
The Defiant Subject
Crocodile Precinct
ORE GA DOUTEI O SUTETARA SHINU KEN NI TSUITE
TENMA NO KETSUZOKU
Bameur Geonneun Seonbi
Moritat
Eden
Ore To Joushi No Kakushikoto
Virgin Pink Scanda
Reiraku
Frau Faust
Tsugumomo
blassreiter
Erotic Horror
Kawaii Akuma
Shirouto Yankee Kikiippatsu!!
Sono Otoko, Taka
Coyote (ZARIYA Ranmaru)
Tousei Gensou Hakubutsushi
Shigurui
Black Lagoon
Cesare
Gisele Alain
Oedo Wa Nemuranai
Mononoke
3x3 Eyes
Mai Chan's Daily Life
The Man of Tango
Fallen Flower
Tensei Shichattayo (iya, gomen)
Netsuai (NAONO Bohra)
Dame na Watashi ni Koishite Kudasai
Ore To Sex Shite Kudasai
Chi to Chocolate
Sayonara, Itoshi No My Friend
Zhen
Kara no Kyoukai
boku wa nando demo kimi ni hajimete no koi wo suru okita enemyAll
Survival
Murabito desu ga Nani ka?
To Take An Enemy's Heart
Yasashii Anata...
Kobi No Kyoujin
Gravitation
Bokutachi ga Yarimashita
Maria Boy
Venus ni Seppun
Shinkai No Venus
witchblade anime
Kakegurui - Compulsive Gambler
Ganjigarame
Yuukyuu no Kanata
Te O Tsunai De Koi O
Hakkenden
Rengoku ni Warau
sadistic beauty
Junai Caricature
Tourou No Ori
all you need is kill
Omega Complex
doukyuusei
Body Talk Paradox
Metsuko ni Yoroshiku
Dokebi Bride
Planetes
Oishii Kamishama
Biorg Trinity
Jinrou Game
Gunka no Baltzar
Adu of Hades
King's Maker
Bi No Kyoujin: Smoke
Koukyuu Days - Shichi Kuni Monogatari
Iron Knight
Kokou no Hito
east coast rising
Shinya no Mayoi Gal" by Puu no Puupuupuu
ao no flag
Samurai Flamenco
Koudaike no Hitobito
koimonogatari
tokyo shinjuu totempole
chunqing yatou huolala
Satsuriku no Tenshi
Wave, Listen To Me! The new manga by Blade of the Immortal creator Hiroaki Samura about a talk radio host.
Akunin o Nakaseru Houhou
Seinen Hakkaten
ameiro paradox
SHITASAKI NI YOAKE NO AJI
ITSUMO ANATA NO KOTO BAKARI
Talli, Fille de la Lune
Morishima Akiko
Kakuriyo no Yadomeshi
Juuni Kokuki
Texhnolyze
Blades Of The Guardians
Bokurano!
Baccano!
Grashros
Wotaku ni Koi wa Muzukashii
Aura Battler Dunbine
Sasori
ocean waves anime
Dirty Pair "Project E.D.E.N."
Asagao To Kase-san
Isekai Izakaya "nobu"
Yuki to Matsu by Takahashi Hidebu.
The Duke Of Death And His Black Maid
[YANAGISAWA Yukio] Tsumasaki ni Hi
[HIDOU Tei] Please, Marry Me!!
[SHIROMIYA Esu] H*nto no B*kura
[Kunieda Saika] Spin Out – Vol.1
The Bride was a Boy
Wotaku Ni Koi Wa Muzukashii
Arslan Senki (arakawa Hiromu)
Ichigeki (matsumoto Jiro)
Apotheosis
Somali To Mori No Kami-sama
Prince, Don't Do This!
Plunderer
Gigant
Goblin Slayer
Komi-san wa Komyushou Desu
Taboo-Tattoo
golgo 13
minami no teiō
Saike Mata Shite Mo
Act-age
Umbral
Ubume No Natsu
The Sandman
Ex Machina
Monstress
Y the last man
Lily (Yy)
Plunderer
Omoide Emanon
Biorg Trinity
Daisaiyuuki Bokuhi Seiden - The Story of a Very Handsome Man
Grashros
Namaikizakari
Route 20
Children of the sea
Avion en Papier
Astro
Kurofune
Shiro Ame
Shigeshoushi
Ultra Heaven
Tsumi to Batsu: A Falsified Romance
Shikeishuu 042
Kaikisen
Alive
Yokohamasen Doppelganger
Marry grave
Arslan Senki
Honorable Baek Dong Soo
Cesare
Honegoe Monogatari
Ugetsu Monogatari
Kamen Teacher
They Say I Was Born a King's Daughter
here u are
bloom into you
jibaku shounen hanako-kun
cherry tomato
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Hijikata Toshizou
Hijikata Toshizo
Vice-commander of the Shinsengumi
Born - May 5, 1835 in Ishida, Tama, Musashi.
[May 31, 1835 in Ishida, Hino, Tokyo.]
Died - May 11, 1869 in Hakodate, Ezo at age 35.
[June 20, 1869 in Hakodate, Hokkaido at age 34.]
Names -
Imina - Yoshitoyo
Penname - Hogyoku
Alternate Name - Naito Hayato
Kaimyo - Saishin-inden-seizan-yoshitoyo-daikoji
Hijikata took the name “Naito Hayato” when he became a high-ranking retainer of the Tokugawa on March 1, 1868 [March 24, 1868]. The first name, Hayato, seems to have been chosen because it was part of his father’s name. However he reverted back to his original name after Kondo was captured and executed.
His “kaimyo” was chosen by Matsudaira Katamori of Aizu. It contains the elements “inden” and “daikoji” which were normally only used for daimyo and the like. As the son of a farmer, this was a huge honor that was granted toward him.
The fact that he could use his surname openly before the end of his life was another oddity. At the beginning of the Edo period, the shogunate had abolished the right of anyone below the social rank of samurai to have a surname. For many this was not a problem since they did not have a family name anyway. However leading families such as Hijikata’s did have one and were forced to make them into “secret names” known only to themselves and to very close friends in much the same manner as their “imina” or “hidden personal names”. It was not until he went to Kyoto that Hijikata was able to use his surname openly.
Physical Description -
Hijikata was considered to have “looked like an actor” and to have been handsome almost to the point of being beyond belief. He turned the heads of women wherever he went and many fell in love with him on sight. His complexion was pale and his hair was so black that it was almost blue. In height he was around 165cm - 167cm tall (about 5'5" - 5'6"), which was tall compared to most men of his era when the average height was between 154cm - 158cm (5'0" - 5'1"). The 165cm is probably closer to his real height since Okita was said to have been taller than he was. He also had a slight “stoop” to his shoulders.
In his dress he appears to have been very tasteful. One person who saw him while he was in Kyoto claimed that he looked like a daimyo. On that occasion he had been wearing a black crested kimono and a hakama of sendaihara silk.
Personality Quirks and Traits -
Hijikata is known for his hobby of writing haiku under the name “Hogyoku”. Before leaving for Kyoto he compiled everything that he had written into a collection which he left with his family. Most who have read his work say that it is not very good.
It is thought that he was fond of ume (variously translated as plum or apricot, but not really either) since many of his haiku had references to the flowers. There was also a blossom carved on the tsuba (handguard) of his sword and the saya (sheath) is also decorated with a few as well. His favorite color was said to be red and even the face mask he wore in training was tied with a red cord. One of Hijikata’s favorite foods was takuwan (pickled radish), especially the ones made by his Hashimoto relatives. Once while visiting with them he praised it so much that the master of the house told him he could take home as many as he thought he would need. This made Hijikata very happy and he took the whole bucket with him! (Note that takuwan is said to have a very strong smell and that the bucket was probably fairly big since the incident was remembered.)
Hijikata is often referred to as the “Onifukuchou” or “Demon Vice-commander” of the Shinsengumi because of his cruel nature. In reality this does not appear to have been the case. Rather the notion is mostly the creation of the novel “Moeyo Ken” by Shiba Ryotaro.
As for the real man, it is recorded that in character he was a plain, frank person who spoke little and rarely laughed or smiled. In Hakodate it was observed that he never behaved in any manner that was not completely befitting a samurai even in private. This natural reserve caused many to think of him as being stricter than he really was.
Hijikata is frequently described by those who met him as having been a kind and amiable man. One visitor to the Shinsengumi reported that even sitting face-to-face with the Vice-commander never seemed in any way unpleasant and that he was actually a “friendly-feeling person”. By the time that he went to Hakodate this trait had become even more noticeable and Shinsengumi member Nakajima Nobori wrote of how “gentle” he became in his later years in the inscription of his famous portrait of Hijikata.
This is not to say that he had a bland personality. As a leader he was charismatic, inspiring loyalty and trust in his followers. His troops in Hakodate adored him and one later recalled that upon hearing of his death they all “cried like babes who had lost their mother”.
Even during the years in Kyoto those under him do not appear to have found his methods to be overly drastic or forceful. Matsumoto Ryojun, a doctor for the Tokugawa government who sometimes tended to the Shinsengumi, was of the opinion that the group would have fell apart much sooner if not for Hijikata. His presence was generally enough to keep Kondo from making serious mistakes that would have made it impossible for the Commander to have good relations with the rest of the group. And when the petition was filed against Kondo by Nagakura and others, not one word was said against Hijikata.
Although many sources report that as a child he was a “spoiled brat” and a “bully” to strangers, but so far there is not a ready explanation of where the idea came from. Those who knew him seem to have regarded him as a good boy actually and when tales about the amount of bloodletting he was responsible for in Kyoto reached Tama they were not believed. And an often repeated comment about him in Hakodate is that he “returned to his original nature” there, implying that he was considered to have been a gentle person before leaving for Kyoto. Possibly his refusal to remain at the shop in Edo is the basis of this claim that he was a “brat”.
A little more on the negative side, Hijikata’s infamy apparently amused him to some degree. He also seems to have had a bit of a dark and quirky sense of humor at times. On a visit home he shocked people by claiming that one of his swords had been ruined by all the blood from his many fights. On another occasion he sent a package to the students training at the Shieikan with a note saying, “I send you something precious.” When they opened it, they discovered that it contained a bundle of love letters that women in Kyoto had written to the Vice-commander. The youths found this very funny and declared that, “Toshi-san gains another point!”
Though for the most part Hijikata was very calm and never acted rashly in the face of danger. It was very rare for him to lose his temper over anything and he was considered to be a tolerant person. However a shogunate scholar of western studies named Kato Hiroyuki commented that once Hijikata did become angry about something, he was even stormier than Kondo. Of the two, the shogunate found the Vice-commander much more difficult to control.
There are many testaments left about his courage on the battlefield and he was said to have been the bravest man in Ezo during the fighting there. He was even better known for his skills as a strategist and his efficiency in getting tasks done. A relative named Hashimoto Masano recalled that Hijikata had read many books, but that his knowledge of warfare seemed to have been an inborn thing with him. Another to be impressed with his martial skills was Frenchman Jules Brunet. He referred to Hijikata as “a true warrior” and speculated that had he been in a European army, he would have been made a general.
Another trait worth mentioning was his practicality. He easily adopted new ideas if their worth could be proven to him. During the time the Shinsengumi was active in Kyoto, eating meat was not a common practice. But when Matsumoto told Hijikata of the nutritional value of adding pork and chicken to their diet, the Vice-commander ordered his men to begin raising the animals for food.
Katsu Kaishu perhaps summed up this remarkable individual best when he called Hijikata “one man of great caliber.”
Family History -
Father - Yoshiatsu (Hayato) - 1792-1835, age 44 [43].
Mother - Etsu - 1792-1840, age 49 [48].
First Son - Tamejiro - 1812-1883, age 72 [71].
Second Son - no name - October 11, 1813 (premature death).
Third Son - no name - June 12, 1815 (premature death).
Fourth Son - Kiroku - 1819-1860, age 42 [41].
First Daughter - no name - August 4, 1821 (premature death).
Second Daughter - no name - May 5, 1822 (premature death).
Third Daughter - Shuu - 1823-1838, age 16 [15].
Fifth Son - Daisaku - 1828-1877, age 50 [49].
Fourth Daughter - Nobu - 1831-1877, age 47 [46].
Sixth Son - Toshizo - 1835-1869, age 35 [34].
Hijikata’s father died several months before he was born. It appears that the cause of his death may have been tuberculosis. His sister Shuu is also rumored to have been isolated for the disease before she passed away in 1838, when Hijikata was 4 [3]. Two years later his mother passed away and TB is again speculated to have been the cause of her death. Hijikata was only 6 [5] at the time.
Tamejiro, the eldest son, was blind and unable to inherit the family property. He was a refined person who enjoyed joruri and tanaka and was probably the inspiration for Hijikata’s own attempts at haiku. He also never let his handicap get in his way. On one occasion when he was returning home from a brothel he found that the Tamagawa (Tama river) had flooded. Instead of stopping he merely wound his clothes on top of his head and waded across.
Kiroku inherited his father’s estate as the next oldest son. It was he and his wife who raised Hijikata after the death of their mother. (He lived with Kiroku up until about the age of 11.) Kiroku’s attempt to set his little brother up in a career with a major store in Edo unfortunately failed because Hijikata would not co-operate and this perhaps strained their relationship a bit. He did not live to see Hijikata become a success in the Shinsengumi, passing away in 1860 - three years before the group was to form.
Daisaku was adopted by another family which practiced medicine. He changed his name to Kasuya Ryojun and became a doctor. He apparently had excellent calligraphy skills and is thought to have written the sign outside of the Shinsengumi’s headquarters in Mibu.
Nobu married a cousin named Sato Hikogoro. Sato’s mother, Masa, was their father’s sister and it was her wish that Nobu and Hikogoro marry. After losing the job Kiroku had gotten for him, Hijikata lived more often at the Sato house. Hikogoro was described as a “stout-hearted” person and the two of them got along very well. Sato also had a dojo built in his home to study Tennen Rishin Ryu because he was concerned about bandits and thieves. It was Kondo Isami who would come to teach these classes, which is how Hijikata first got to know him.
Though the Hijikata family were wealthy farmers of the Tama region. They lived in the Ishida village in Tama, Musashi province. Originally they had lived north of Ishida temple, but were later forced to move to another house near Mangan-ji Temple. The reason was the massive flooding of the Tamagawa in the June of 1846. Part of their property was severely damaged. Hijikata was 12 [11] at the time. In 1989 it was deemed impossible to save this second family home any longer and the place was torn down, though the Hijikata family still owns the property and rebuilt there.
Takahatasan Kongo-ji Temple (Takahata Fudoson) was their family temple. It is of the Shingon Sect and one of the three great Fudo temples in the Kanto region. A statue of Hijikata in his Shinsengumi uniform now stands on the grounds next to the Benten pond.
Hijikata’s family also had relatives in the village of Onoji who were named Hashimoto. When he went to the village to teach later on, he would often stay with a Hashimoto Michisuke. This may have been the person who gave him the takuwan. There was also a Hashimoto Masanao. The family was indirectly related to Kojima Shikanosuke through a grandmother in the Hashimoto family.
(Ages of the Hijikata family in 1835.)
Father - deceased
Mother - 44 [43]
Tamejiro - 24 [23]
Kiroku - 17 [16]
Shuu - 13 [12]
Daisaku - 8 [7]
Nobu - 5 [4]
Before the Shinsengumi -
When he was around 11 years old, Hijikata planted an arrow bamboo plant on the family property with the wish that he could become a samurai and win a reputation. The arrow bamboo is still growing today and stands proudly near the entrance of a datahall attached to the family home where many important Shinsengumi mementos are kept. Also at the datahall is a pillar that was rescued from the old house. Hijikata would use it to practice the “harite” or “slapping” of sumo wrestling.
Around 1845, when Hijikata was 11 [10], Kiroku got him a job at a shop in Ueno, Edo called the Ito-Gofukuten. (This store is now called Matsuzakaya and is a very high-class place.) It sold kimono fabric and had a “men only” household. As a younger brother, Hijikata himself could inherit nothing and so was very poor himself. Kiroku obviously wanted to ensure that he could someday be independent and most likely went through a lot of trouble to make this arrangement for him. Unfortunately these plans had been made without reckoning with Hijikata himself.
Soon after being brought to the shop he quarreled with one of the clerks (some stories say it was actually the owner) and ran away. He returned to Tama along the Kousiyuu Highway, which was a distance of 36km (a bit over 22 miles) from his home. The walk took him about 10 hours and he had to make it at night. He never returned to the store. Needless to say, this sort of betrayed his older brother’s expectations of him and it may have been difficult for him to return to the Hijikata house. It was at this point that he began to live most often at the Sato house.
In 1851, at age 17 [16], he got another job at a shop that was a branch of the other Matsuzakaya. Because of his good looks, they made him sit near the storefront to attract customers into the shop. He was noted to have been very good with scissors. However this job did not last long either because he was caught messing around with a female co-worker and fired. He would later observe that he simply did not have the temperament to be a merchant.
Sato scolded him over losing yet another job, but Hijikata quickly came up with a solution himself. He began to peddle the medicines made by the Hijikata and Sato families. On these trips he would carry his fencing equipment so that he could take lessons at the various dojo he stopped at while plying his trade. In this was he could earn money and still pursue his true interest and this time he was successful. He continued to do this until formally enrolling in the Shieikan in 1859.
On November 6, 1861, Hijikata was at the Sato house when he became seriously ill. His brother Kasuya Ryojun (Daisaku) was called to attend to him and three days later the doctor son of another family acquaintance was brought in to check on him. Although it is unknown exactly what was wrong with him, he was dangerously sick and almost died.
Martial Skills -
Ryu - Tennen Rishin Ryu
Rank - Mokuroku
Teacher - Kondo Shusuke, Shieikan dojo
It is not certain exactly when Hijikata joined the Shieikan. Kojima Shikanosuke recorded that he entered the dojo at about age 17, but the school’s records do not mention him. They do show that he was formally enrolled in 1859, at age 25 [24]. It may be that he was informally associated with the dojo before that time.
Also, Hijikata does not appear to have ever earned a Menkyo (license) in Tennen Rishin Ryu. He is recorded as only have received a Mokuroku, the next to the lowest level. Despite his skill with a sword, all of the lessons he took at the dojo he visited while peddling medicine caused him to have the form of various sword styles mixed into his swordsmanship. It was said that Kondo Shusuke did not regard this mixed sword style as good and undoubtedly he would have been made to start all over again. Still, he was considered to be a formidable opponent and his enemies did not take him lightly.
His Sword(s) -
Long Sword - Izumi no Kami Fujiwara Kanesada - 2'8"
Short Sword - Kunihiro Horikawa - 1'11"5
Toshizo’s favorite blade was made by a swordsmith from Aizu. It is now on display in his family home in Ishida, where he is believed to have left it on his way to Kofu castle. His supposed short sword, the Kunihiro Horikawa, was a blade that was generally something only a daimyo or the like could afford. For this reason it is speculated that Hijikata’s may have been a forgery.
When they set out for Kyoto, Hijikata did not have a sword and had to borrow one. However it is recorded that by October of 1863 he was supposed to have already possessed both the Kanesada and Kunihiro Horikawa. Considering that the Kanesada was made by a swordsmith living in Aizu at that time, it is likely that the domain provided him with this blade.
Shinsengumi Years -
Started out in the Mibu Roshi as a Vice-commander along with Yamanami Keisuke. After Yamanami’s death he continued to fill this role alone. On March 1, 1868 [March 24, 1868] he became a high-ranking retainer of the Tokugawa. Later on he served as the Vice-commander of the army in the Republic of Ezo.
Hijikata helped to form the Shinsengumi at age 29 [28] and is commonly thought to have been the soul of the group. But despite all of his contributions to their success, he never sought replace Kondo as the leader. Instead he tended to treat the Commander in the manner he would have an older brother.
One of the items on display at the datahall in Ishida is a metal forehead protector that he wore during the political change on August 18, 1863 [September 30, 1863]. At this time the group became the Shinsengumi and began to gain some measure of respectability. Hijikata was of course delighted with the turnabout in their fortunes. When an old friend, Tomizawa Mashiro, visited the group in Kyoto, the Vice-commander entrusted this item to him and requested that he take it back to his family in Tama as a memento, along with a letter that he wrote them. Looking at it closely, one can see a small sword scar on the front of it, proving that this piece of equipment did its job on at least one occasion. Considering that the Shinsengumi did not actually fight on that day, the mark was either put there during another scuffle or it may have been a used piece of equipment and so was already scratched when it came to him.
In his free time, Hijikata seems to have liked to play shogi (or go according to some) with Okita. It is remarked that all the other members would gather around to watch the game and that everyone seems to have enjoyed these matches very much.
The battle of Toba-Fushimi would have a profound effect on Hijikata. Immediately after being defeated by western weapons, he decided to take the best of both the modern and the samurai world. He cut his long hair and began to dress in french clothing. He also began to carry a revolver as well as his sword. In this he serves as an example of what samurai may have become had the Meiji government not put an end to the warrior class.
Not long after the defeat at Kofu, Kondo was captured and executed as a common criminal by the imperial army. This event left Hijikata consumed with guilt over his failure to save his friend and only strengthened his own resolve to fight to the death. He told others that he would be too embarrassed to face Kondo in the next life if he were to make peace with his enemies.
It was at some point during this time period that the two pictures of him were likely taken. No one knows exactly when or where this occurred. Sendai is one possibility. Another is that at least one of the pictures was taken in a studio in Hakodate where many of the other members of the Republic of Ezo had their portraits taken. At least one of these pictures was sent by him to the Sato family through his page, Ichimura Tetsunosuke.
On May 11, 1869 [June 20, 1869], the Meiji army began its invasion of Hakodate. Hijikata was unwilling to abandon members of the Shinsengumi who were guarding a fort called Benten Daiba. Instead of remaining at Goryokaku, he made a desperate attempt to get to the other fort and encountered enemy troops. He was killed on horseback by a bullet which struck him in the abdomen and shattered his lower back. He seems to have been dead before any of his men could arrive at his side. It is unknown where Hijikata was buried.
Love Life -
Women were naturally drawn to the exceptionally handsome Hijikata and there is little doubt that he was well aware of this and took full advantage of his looks. Kondo once wrote in a letter that the Vice-commander was bragging about his numerous women. In addition, many of the higher ranking members had more than one home in Kyoto where they kept their lovers. Hijikata was said to have been the worst offender in this regard.
As mentioned before, he received many love letters from women in Kyoto. Another incident which shows the sort of reaction he commonly caused is told of the time the Shinsengumi spent in Goheishinden (now Adachi Ward, Tokyo) just after Kofu. Hijikata spent some of his time fishing in the river there, while still using the name “Naito Hayato”. No one in the area knew that he was actually Hijikata Toshizo of the Shinsengumi, so his reputation was not an influence on what happened next. Before long every girl in the village had gathered on the riverbank to watch the “handsome samurai”. It was agreed by all of them that he was “a nice man”.
So just how bad was he when it came to the ladies? Even during the time he was at the Shieikan he was a regular visitor to Yoshiwara and had a woman there. In Kyoto there was a woman he would go to see in Shimabara, about three geisha in Gion, plus two or three more he would visit in Shimmachi pleasure quarters of Osaka. Also there was another woman who may have been named something like “Kotsuru” or something to this effect. (The translator was not very clear on these names.)
Yet another lover was a woman who may have been called something along the lines of “Okiku”. According to rumor she actually had a daughter by Hijikata, but the baby died soon after it was born. After this the woman said goodbye to him and married another man. It is said that she died very young.
At first glance it is easy to get the impression that Hijikata was merely shallow when it came to women. However there was one relationship that he had before leaving Edo that proves otherwise. Before leaving for Kyoto, he was engaged to be married to a woman named Okoto. The arrangement had been made by his oldest brother, Tamejiro, who played the shamisen. Okoto’s parents owned the shamisen shop that he often visited. Tamejiro introduced his brother to Okoto and their families urged them to marry at once.
For his part, Hijikata seems to have been agreeable to the marriage. However he was already planning to join the Roshitai with Kondo and the others at that point and was reluctant to give up his dream now that he was so close. So he said to them, “After winning a promotion, I want to carry out my marriage.”
Once in Kyoto, he continued to appear to be sincere in his intentions to marry Okoto. He sent her a present and later visited her when he returned to Edo for a brief visit. But the social situation in Kyoto proved to be far more unstable than they had anticipated and when he finally did receive the “promotion” that he sought, he found that the Shinsengumi had put him in a position that would be dangerous for anyone involved with him. Hijikata felt that he had no choice but to cancel the engagement.
Although he had many lovers afterwards, he never again came close to making a commitment to any of them. This would actually become the general policy of the Shinsengumi. Though there were exceptions to the rule, for the most part married men and family heirs would be discouraged from joining the group. The risks were simply too great.
By the time Hijikata went to Ezo, he was avoiding women altogether. As far as anyone knows, he had no children.
Translation of the Inscription on the Portrait by Nakajima Nobori-
“Hijikata was a man of great talent and integrity. In his later years, he became so gentle that people sought him in the way a baby seeks his mother. On the eleventh day of the fifth month of Meiji 2 (1869), during the Hakodate Battle, he fought like a fierce tiger chasing after a helpless flock of fleeing lambs. Taking several of his men, he forcefully headed into battle and was killed on his horse by a sniper. He was a great and noble man of his time.”
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