#Ethnic groups in #CentralAsia
Including the #OghuzTurks, are the origin of the Turkmen. Some of them migrated to #Persia, where they founded the #Seljuk Empire in 1037, and to the Anatolian Plateau, where they founded the #Ottoman Empire in 1299
Credit to AbAbou Yousif Al Akowa
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In the 5th century BC, Spartan helmets, forged in bronze, served as iconic elements within the complete armamentarium of the hoplite warriors.
These helmets underwent significant transformations, mirroring the shifts in warfare tactics and design preferences across ancient Greek history.
In the early stages of the Greek Dark Ages (8th-7th centuries BC), helmets were utilitarian, crafted from materials like leather or bronze, focusing primarily on protecting the head and neck.
The Corinthian helmet, spanning the 7th to the 4th centuries BC, emerged as the most renowned and distinctive Spartan helmet. Fashioned from a single piece of bronze, it provided robust protection, covering the face up to the nose, with openings for the eyes and mouth. Initially worn fully covering the face, warriors later adapted by tilting them back when not in immediate combat.
As the Classical period drew to a close, a shift occurred towards the lighter and more visibility-friendly "pilos" helmets, marking an evolution in design preferences.
These helmets were not just functional items; they formed a critical part of the hoplite's complete armament, alongside the shield, breastplate, leg guards, and helmet crest. In Spartan society, military service was obligatory and honorable, making the quality and condition of the helmet indicative of a warrior's social standing.
Crucial in dense phalanx battle formations, helmets worked in tandem with shields to protect warriors from all sides and offered additional defense against attacks from above.
Beyond their utilitarian role, Spartan helmets became potent symbols of military valor and strength, frequently depicted in Greek art. Changes in helmet design over time reflected the Spartans' adaptability to new tactics and military technologies.
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