#from ch 966 | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

disneydeb1928 · 4 years

Text

One Piece Theories: Blackbeard Giving Shanks His Scars

- Blackbeard Theories, Part 2

The scar in question, looks like three scratch marks swiped across Shank’s left eye.

Establishing a Timeline / The First Meeting

The timeline has confirmed that the two first met during the fight between the Roger and Whitebeard pirates in 1498. At the time, Shanks was 12/13 and Teach was 13/14. As seen in the picture below (Ch. 966), Shanks was envious of Teach’s apparent inability to sleep. However, it was never shown that they ever fought each other during this time.

Shanks later tells Whitebeard that Teach gave him scar. We know from the flashback at Roger’s execution that he had yet to receive the scar. However, he already had it when he met Luffy. Therefore, he obtained his scar somewhere between when Roger got executed (in 1500, when he was 15) and the first time he met Luffy (in 1512, when he was 26/27). So, there is roughly a 12-year range where that could have occurred.

Shanks Opinions

What is interesting, is Shanks’ opinion of Teach himself. The Red-Haired Pirate is someone shrouded in his own sense of secrecy. Oda created a character that is essential to the story, has existed since the very beginning, and yet we know basically nothing about. What we do know, is that Shanks appears to be a good judge of character, similar to Luffy in that sense. So, his opinions of people should have some weight. When he visits Whitebeard, in Episode 316, he says,

“The one who gave me this, was one of yours… Blackbeard, Teach! It’s not like I was being careless. Do you know what I mean? Whitebeard.”

- Shanks

Another one of the small tidbits we know regarding Shanks, is that he is strong. Sure, we aren’t exactly sure how strong – because, as I said, Oda likes to keep him shrouded in mystery – but considering the amount of respect he receives and his title as one of the 4 Yonko, we know he’s a powerful opponent. So, hearing him say this can be a bit disconcerting. Now, I mentioned before that there is a 12-year gap between 1500 and 1512 when this fight could have occurred. I bring this up because when this happened is very important in sizing up Teach’s power. It is safe to say that beating Shanks at 15 would be much easier than beating him when he is 26. I say this, so you will keep in mind that Shank’s statement above isn’t necessarily an indication of Teach’s power, nor was it necessarily supposed to be. What it is, is a warning of Teach’s character. A warning given a mere 9 episodes before Teach’s confrontation with Ace where details regarding his past actions are explored and basically confirms all of Shanks’ conjecture. Shanks continues,

“He was quietly waiting for a chance. He didn’t take the title of commander to be renowned. But to conceal himself. Up until now he remained hidden under the shadow of the name “Whitebeard”. And in order to gain power, he made his move. In the end, he aims to get to the top, with his own will. He might even come to steal your title.”

- Shanks

He's saying that Teach stayed below the radar on purpose. He continues by implying that this is due to wanting whatever notoriety that would eventually become attached to Teach’s name to be a result of his own doing (or “own will”), and not because of being associated with Whitebeard. Shanks also correctly assumed that all of Teach’s moves had been in order to gain power.

The Reason

This leads to the question: Why did he attack Shanks?

For starters, I think it’s safe to say that Teach doesn’t make a move that hasn’t been thought through and calculated. That has been proven a hundred times over. If it’s true, as I suspect, that Teach will only make a move if he believes that it will afford him more power, then what led to this confrontation with Shanks? What did Teach believe he would gain from beating Shanks?

Moreover, I think it’s interesting that Shanks never thought to mention this to Whitebeard until now or that Teach hadn’t. I guess you could argue that Shanks saw no reason to until it became clear that Teach was not only capable of this type of betrayal but was starting to make moves. You could also argue that Teach hadn’t said anything because he didn’t want to arouse suspicion. However, something still doesn’t feel right to me about this whole situation. I’m finding it difficult to put into words why, but I’ll do my best.

If Teach attacked Shanks in the hopes of gaining more power then he very clearly either (1) got it or (2) didn’t. I think it’s important to point out that many things can give a person power over others. I truly believe that there is a high chance whatever Teach was after during the confrontation, was knowledge. I think he believed Shanks knew something he wanted and went after him for it. If that’s the truth, then there is no way Shanks didn’t know what he was looking for. For the simple reason that: You can’t get an answer out of someone without first asking the question.

Given what we know about Teach, I think there’s a likely chance that it had to do with either: The Yami Yami no Mi, the true power hidden on Mary Geoise, the One Piece, or Rocks D Xebec.

What bothers me is that, either Teach got ‘it’ or he didn’t. There’s no in between. If Teach didn’t gain what he hoped to from the fight, then I can see why Shanks made no moves against him afterwards. It would also make sense why he was so insistent with Whitebeard later on (considering he knew the type of things Teach was interested in based on what he wanted from him). But if he did get what he came for, then I feel like Shanks would be much more concerned earlier on and wouldn’t have waited until the last possible moment to say something.

This would also explain his trip to Mary Geoise. Many people believe that the pirate that Shanks wants to speak to the Gorosei about is Blackbeard.

In conclusion: It is my belief that Teach went to Shanks for answers on one of the ‘taboo subjects’ of the world. The scar most likely occurred either before he asked his question in a surprise attack or following Shanks refusal to answer. While Shanks learned the type of man Teach was during that fight, he saw no reason to be concerned at that moment. At that point, Teach was just a curious sneaky (possible) commander of the Whitebeard Pirates. I don’t think Teach’s curiosity triggered red flags until he killed Thatch, ate the Yami Yami no Mi and began to make moves. Finally, Shanks begins to get concerned now that the once curious man is making his grab for power, knowing that whatever information Teach wanted, he now has a better chance at gaining. So, he goes to Whitebeard and pleads with him to call back Ace, possibly with the knowledge that whatever Teach wants endgame, he needs someone Ace to achieve. Now that Teach has amassed all this power, I believe Shanks is legitimately concerned about what Teach will do and went to the Gorosei to discuss the possibilities.

#My OP Theories #One Piece Theory #One Piece #op theory #Marshall D. Teach #Blackbeard #Blackbeard Theories Part 2 #Blackbeard Theories #Shanks #Red Haired Shanks #Whitebeard #Whitebeard Pirates #Edward Newgate #Devil Fruit #My OP Theory

27 notes · View notes

mandadoration · 4 years

Text

settle the debt

summary: You’re the mechanic of several crime syndicates, gangs, and faithful citizens alike, running a tight ship (pun intended) out of your humble little shop, accepting payments under the table and making a name for yourself all over the galaxy. Although, your skills and patience are put to the test when the Mandalorian comes to you with his wreck of a ship. But you’ve dealt with people like him before. The child is an unexpected thing, though.

word count: 3, 966

pairing: mandalorian x reader

warnings: canon-divergence, swearing, canon-typical violence

a/n: In terms of timeline, this is after Ch. 3 and before Ch. 4. This was going to be a series, but I decided against it because as I was working it, I really didn’t like how it was going.

Read this on AO3

You considered yourself a good mechanic. The best in the parsec, if you felt particularly confident that day. You could fix up any ship, speeder, cruiser, fighter-- you name it, you can fix it. People from all over the system came to you to upgrade their vehicles, and you weren’t going to say no to a few credits slipped under the table for the good stuff. You’re pretty sure you could pull favors from the biggest crime syndicates if you really wanted, you supposed, with how many dangerous and definitely illegal methods you’ve used with little complaint. You don’t know how much the word of some of the most wanted criminals would hold up, but you like to think they’d be indebted to someone like you and magic you could pull off.

But the ship you were looking at now? Pre-Imperial and made with such a variety of materials that you’re not even sure it’s the same ship anymore?

You were starting to doubt your skills.

“What did you say the time constraints were?” you asked the Mandalorian faintly. You wonder if you’ve done something to anger whatever higher power was out there to give you this. Maybe they were telling you to give up now while you still had the chance, sell your things, and hide out comfortably for the rest of your life in some moisture farm or something.

“The sooner the better,” he answers firmly. You let out a deep sigh and run a hand over your face, surely smearing grease all over it, but the pressing issue was the ship. “I will pay you, you have my word,” he reassures, as if that was the biggest issue here, but you’re too busy going through an inventory list in your head to see if you even had the parts to cover the basics. “And no droids,” he tacks on, and you give him a sideways glance.

“Do you see any droids?” you ask him dryly, motioning around your shop. Sure enough, even as he peers though the organized chaos and scattered parts, there are no droids in sight. You didn’t trust them. They did what they were programmed to, calculations and the like, but you trusted yourself far more than you could trust another droid to do it. There was a certain intuition that droids could never replicate. Besides, more lucrative, underground customers were willing to go to you because of the secrecy you maintained. Having droids meant evidence.

The console connected to the ship beeps, and you go over to it to see exactly what the damage is. As you skim over it, you wince. “Do you have an estimate?” he asks you, standing next to you and reading the report.

“The cost or the time?”

“Both.”

For the second time that day, you rub a hand over your face and sigh. “Frankly? A lot. Your ship is old and so severely damaged that I’ll need to go out and buy or scavenge parts. As for the time…” You gnaw your bottom lip as you consider. Realistically, it would take you days to make sure the ship was in full working order, and that’s with you rushing it. But you aren’t one to lie to your clients, so you huff as you face him with a set face. “Five days,” you admit, and he makes a noise of displeasure. “You have so many internal problems that I need to work from the inside out, and accounting for the time I need to find the needed parts, it’s gonna take a while.”

“Is there any way you can speed it up?” he asks. You shake your head despite the small pang of fear that goes through you. Maker, the Mandalorian intimidated you in a way your previous clients never could. You keep up your facade of professionalism.

“I don’t have droids, and even if I did, you wouldn’t let me use them,” you say. “I’ll need at least half up front.” Mando stiffens.

“I don’t have the money now,” he confesses, and you bristle. “But,” he says, before you can say anything, “I promise you, I will pay you.” You furrow your brows.

“I don’t take IOUs, Mandalorian,” you say, crossing your arms. He sighs.

“I know,” he says with frustration, and you can tell he’s at the end of his rope, “but it’s just that--” A cooing interrupts him as you feel something tugging at the leg of your jumpsuit. You jump, and look down to see a small green alien thing, with big ears and eyes that take up nearly half of its face. It must be a child, from how it raises its arms and gurgles at you.

“What in the world?” you mutter, and bend down to pick it up, ignoring how the Mandalorian tenses and watches you with a closed eye. “Where’d you come from little guy?” you ask in a soft voice, bouncing the child on your hip. “Is he, um, if it even is a he… Is he yours?” you ask, nodding at the Mandalorian.

“Yes?” he answers, but he sounds equally confused and you shield it away from him. He didn’t sound so sure.

“You’re not a slaver or an exotic pets dealer, are you?” you ask suspiciously. Sure, you had dealt with all sorts of unsavory people, but you had always refused to serve those kinds of folks. They rubbed off you the wrong way, especially the ones that eyed you up like you could join their collection at any time. Mando looks offended as he could be behind a helmet.

“What? No, he’s--” A sigh. “He was a bounty. I… rescued him,” he explains, and you relax, but keep your hold on him. You don’t mind how the child is pulling at the tendrils of hair that had escaped your bun.

“And I guess that’s why you’re so eager to get your ship back in working order,” you guess. He nods. As you stare in the impossibly big eyes of the child you were holding so tenderly, a smile spreads across your face. “You are the cutest thing I’ve ever seen,” you say gently. It coos in response and blinks up at you.

“There are a lot of people looking for him,” Mando says. He holds out a finger for the kid to take, and it grasps it eagerly. “Dangerous people. I need to get as far away from here as I can.” The child eventually leans and reaches for Mando, who takes him from your arms and holds him protectively. “That’s why I need the ship to be fixed as fast as possible.” You rub your temples, and steel your shoulders as you stare at the baby in his arms. It babbles at you happily.

“Two days, Mando,” you sigh. “That’s the fastest I can fix your ship by.” Mando nods.

“You have my thanks,” he says, but you turn away and start jotting down notes in your data pad before he can truly express his undying gratitude.

“Don’t thank me yet,” you grumble.

In a few hours, you’ve fixed what you could, pulling parts from the dustiest corners of your shop and pulling a few things you didn’t even know you had. You had fixed a stray leak or two for his fuel line, nearly burning your hand off in the process, and recalibrated his hyperdrive calculator. His navigation was pretty much fried, so you would have to get orders in for that, and when you were faced with a banged up calcinator in the left turbine, you had kicked it as hard as you could with your boot, and it had actually fixed it. The same couldn’t be said for the deflector shield generators. For that, you had to practically stick the entire upper half of your body to reach the innermost parts to rewire everything and fix the insulation. You’re not sure if you even want to look at the ion flux stabilizers, judging on how the cooling system was nearly scalds you every time you test it out. But eventually you tug on the thickest gloves you have and put on your goggles and patch it up.

You had made a quick trip on your dingy little speederbike to the market, not bothering to haggle the price as you dart from stall to stall and junkyard to junkyard looking for the parts you needed. At least you’ve been here long enough so that the locals didn’t ask questions as to why you were so frantic. Still, you were efficient, and as soon as you had off-loaded all the parts, you had plopped yourself down on a chair and started express ordering the parts you couldn’t get before.

As you’re sipping a cup of caf and planning what problems you could address before the off-world parts would come, Mando takes a seat in front of you.

“I need you to do something for me,” he says without preface. You arch an eyebrow.

“Really? Something else besides fixing that dumpster fire of a ship in less than three days?” you ask him wryly, but you set down your data pad and cross your arms, setting your face in a neutral expression. He was still your customer, and Maker knows what he could do to you. “What is it?”

“I need you to watch the kid,” he says. You really want to slam your head on the table. Maybe you could knock yourself out and that’ll be the rest you can get before you really had to start the hard work. Better yet, you would sustain such a bad head injury you would die. “I’ll compensate you for it.” Yeah, like that makes it any better.

He must see the look you have on your face because he quickly follows it up. “I found a job, but I’ll need to be gone for that, and I can’t risk taking the kid with me,” he explains. As much as you want to say to him that he needs to find another babysitter out there for the adorable little gremlin, Mando is going to get your next paycheck, so you sigh in resignation. Besides, you can hear how much the Mandalorian didn’t want to leave it alone.

“You owe me,” you say teasingly, and wag a finger in his face. “Your debt is increasing with every word you speak. I might have to add interest at this point.” He huffs out a laugh, warm and rich, and pushes your hand down and away from his face.

“Yeah? Give me the full list of grievances and charges when I get back,” he says. “Thank you.” He gets up and goes back to the ship while you scavenge your shop for something that can hold the child while you work.

By the time he comes back with his equipment and the kid is in his arms, you’ve found an old cart that you no longer used, and you had stuffed rags in there until it was padded enough and put a folded sheet on top. It’s… ugly. Mando must think so too because he stares at it for a little bit before looking at you. “I’m a mechanic, not a nanny droid,” you grumble, and take the child from his arms.

“I didn’t say anything,” Mando says. He easily gives up the child.

“You didn’t have to,” you retort as you try and soothe it. It’s fussing, and you think it knows Mando is leaving. You fix a hard stare at the chrome helmet. “If you’re not back by the time I fix your damn ship, I’m going to fucking lose it,” you threaten.

“I’ll be back,” he reassures. You’re not sure if he’s talking to you or the kid. “You have my word.” You snort.

“I don’t need your word when you have a debt to pay,” you say, but quirk a smile and turn away. “Now, shoo. I have work to do.”

After Mando had gone, you had dived right back in to fix the remaining wiring, peeking out every now and then to check on the kid. It was entertaining himself with the junk around your shop, giggling as it threw things around, you only had to stop it from sticking things in its mouth twice. So far, so good. Maybe you could get into the nanny business.

A sudden rumble in your stomach interrupts your thoughts. Ah, that’s right, the only sustenance you’ve had all day was several cups of caf. You wipe your hands on the rag you tucked into your belt as you think about what you had in your conservator when you stop.

Shit, what did the kid eat?

You scoop him up as you head to your meager kitchen, opening the conservator as you him. “You eat meat?” you ask him, and it stares up at you. Did it know Basic? You awkwardly hold him out to the shelves. “Um, choose whatever you like,” you ask it, and after what you think is careful consideration, it reaches for a packet of dried burrafish. You bring him back to you, propping him up against your hip, and you reach for the packet, grabbing some soypro for your own meal, and shut the door. “I’ll reheat this for you, okay? Stay here.” You put him back in the makeshift pram you leave it in the little sitting area. You can still see him from here, and you tear open the package as you heat up the stove.

He sits patiently, watching you as you move around the kitchen, pulling out two bowls as you open the nanowave and toss in the fish and a small rehydration packet at the same time. A few minutes should do. Reaching under a cabinet, you pull out a pan, humming a nonsensical tune to yourself. You wash your hands real quick and start heating the pan before turning to the container of soypro to open it. It’s been a while since you’ve prepared this brand, so you carefully read the label so that you don’t accidentally explode the kitchen. Your ears perk up as you hear a blaster cocking.

“Where is it?” a low, raspy voice rumbles. You freeze.

“Where’s what?” you ask him. Your eyes dart around for anything you can use, but your blaster is on your work table several feet away from you, and your only knife is in the sink from your breakfast. You slowly turn around, hands up. You can’t tell who or what it is since they’re masked and have goggles on, but Basic must not be what their vocal cords are made for because it sounds like they’re trying to gulp water in at the same time.

“Don’t be stupid,” he says. He holds up a tracking fob, and you aren’t that idiotic that you can’t recognize what it is. It’s beeping steadily as the red light blinks rapidly. “The asset. You have him; where is it?” You sigh dramatically.

“Sir,” you say, “I deal with a lot of criminals. Daily, in fact, in case you didn’t know. You need to be more specific.” The bounty hunter tilts his head.

“The asset,” he repeats. “I’ll give you another warning- don’t play dumb. I saw the Mandalorian’s ship out there,” he says, nodding his head in the direction of the Razor Crest. “And I know he’s not here. Tell me where it is, and I’ll consider letting you live.” You furrow your brows, but eventually point at the pram where it hovers in the sitting area.

“You saw the ship but you couldn’t see the kid that’s right in front of you?” you ask dryly. The hunter turns around to look, and you use this time to slap the blaster out of his hand, turning around to grab the now-hot pan and wacking it across his face, shattering his goggles at the same time. He howls as the heat makes his mask smoulder and whatever shards that didn’t fly out get in his eye. Before you can fully comprehend that holy shit this is out of whatever pay grade that Mando was going to give you, the hunter whirls around his fist catches you on your brow bone, splitting the skin as you get knocked down. You kick his knee in from where you are, and it bends backwards from the force with a sickening crunch, and he goes toppling down, too. You scramble up as fast as you can, hitting him in the face with your pan again, and snatch the knife from your sink before stabbing him in the chest. The hunter screams, turning into a high-pitched shriek as you use the pan to hammer the handle of the blade, nailing it deeper into his chest. His screaming turns into gurgles, and you step over him to pick up the blaster and shoot him in the head to silence him. You’re huffing as you watch his purple blood leak all over your kitchen floor. Your pan is ruined.

The nanowave dings as your fish finishes heating up.

You wipe away the blood that was trickling into your eye and put the blaster on the counter. The child is just watching you with those big eyes, cooing in amusement. “You had fun?” you ask him. “Thanks for the warning, kid.”

It takes a good thirty minutes for you to haul the limp body of the bounty hunter of your kitchen and into the garage, where you prop it up against the wall. You didn’t have time to properly deal with him. You pat the body down, pulling out the stray credit here and there, and check for any trackers or comms. You crush the tracking fob under your boot and smash the commlink onto the floor. After that, you go around all the doors and windows, making sure they were locked and secure. Now that was dealt with, you start unzipping your blood-stained jumpsuit and head into the refresher. You frown at your reflection. The cut above your brow is still bleeding, and your cheek bone was starting to bruise. “Your dad better be loaded when he comes back!” you call out to the child. You strip and throw the jumpsuit into your basket. Hopefully the blood will come out after a couple washes.

You take out a medkit and pull out a bacta wipe, wiping the blood off of your face and over your cut, sweeping over your cheek bone to help with the bruising. The cut starts to slowly knit itself back together, but seeing as your bruise was underneath the skin, the wipe couldn’t do much. When you put the bacta pack back into the medkit, you spy two little syringes of blue liquid next to the gauze. A stim shot, and after the day you’ve already had, you’re gonna need it.

You had to work through the night if you had any chance of finishing the ship in time.

You’re crashing from the second stim by the time Mando comes back.

“It’s done,” you say, and your words are slurred. You have been non-stop working for two days, and the sun is starting to rise for the third. You have to squint to focus your sight on him unless you wanted to see double. You motion to the console that shows that the ship is in as good of a condition as it could be, and your hands are shaking something awful. You drop it by your side and rub your eyes. “And the kid is sleeping,” you add on before he can ask. “He was fed two hours ago, and sleeping for at least one. Parts were, uh, some amount of credits, I’m sure,” you think, and wave your hand. “Service is, uh, shit, where’s my data pad?” you mumble and whirl around to try and find it, but you have to steady yourself on the console. Kriff, you had forgotten how bad it felt to come down. “You know what? I’ll just send the details to you,” you say. You slide down and take a seat in the dirt. “I think I’m gonna take a nap.” Mando tosses a bag of credits to you, and you feel yourself perk up a little when the bag is heavy.

“Is this enough?” he asks. You rifle through it, making quick calculations in your head, basing it on estimates, really, but you frown. “Is it… is it not? Do I owe you more?” Mando asks, and he sounds a little nervous. Unsure. You shake your head and take out a few credits.

“Too much,” you say, and hold the rest up for him to take. “This is too much.” Mando scoffs, but it’s in good humor.

“You fixed a ship that would take normally five days in two,” he starts, “bought or scavenged parts that are surely no longer manufactured, and took care of the kid on top of that.” He presses the credits back to you. “I’m indebted to you. Please, accept it.” You sigh, and pull yourself up, and you’re proud to say you only slip a little bit.

“Mandalorian, you have a kid,” you say tiredly. “A kid that is wanted by many dangerous people. I had to learn that the hard way,” you continue. Oops. You didn’t mean to say that, but you just accept it and motion to the body that you had stuffed into the corner and haphazardly covered with a tarp. Mando’s head snaps to it taking in the purple blood smears you had failed to properly scrub out, and you take this moment to push the remaining credits into his hand. “You don’t owe me anything else. Just take it and leave.” You turn to leave, intent on flopping onto your bed and sleeping for a millennia and a half, but he grabs your wrist before you can, the heat of his skin burning through his gloves. Maker, he’s warm. “I hope you’re not asking another thing of me--”

“Come with me,” he says. You slowly blink at him. Perhaps you heard him wrong.

“What?”

“Come with me,” he repeats, and puts the credits into your hand, and honestly at this point you’re too tired to fight back. “I could use someone of your skill. You would be paid handsomely.” He motions to the bag in your hands. “That’s just from one job,” he says, “and you would get a cut from every one after that if you work for me. Fixing my ship, checkups, the like.” You stare at him with empty eyes as you process the words, and eventually Mando gets uncomfortable from your staring, and shifts where he stands.

You’ve been working in your shop for years, meticulously building up your reputation and making a name for yourself all over the galaxy. Hell, you’re sure you’ve even served some distant cousin of Jabba the Hutt at some point. Going with Mando would make you associates. Your name would be attached to the kid as well. Leaving a reliable source of income to travel with some ex-bounty hunter who’s taking care of a kid, on top of that, mind you, and trying to outrun other hunters? They could’ve been past customers as well. That would be an awkward conversation. But that would also mean you get to travel. You never got to do that. The most off-world interactions you get are shipments that are handled by droids. While you loved your shop, it was also keeping you grounded here. Mando did make good money…

You look at Mando where you assume his eyes are and pinch the bridge of your nose and let out the deepest sigh you have in the past year.

“Do I have to take care of the kid, too?”

a/n: Yes, Reader fed baby yoda and had her own meal. Yeah so this was the series I was working on, but I just... really hated it? So I scrapped it, but the first chapter is salvageable.

---

Forever Tag: @mabelleen @mando-vibes

#mandalorian reader #mandalorian x reader #mandalorian x you #din djarin reader #din djarin x reader #my writing #din djarin #the mandalorian #mandalorian #mandalorian imagine #settle the debt

121 notes · View notes

isunmanne-blog · 4 years

Text

WWE NXT TakeOver: WarGames III: Rosemont, Illinois, USA Sportrar NBC Sports

↓↓↓↓↓↓↓

🙊 Sport Event TNT Facebook WWE NXT TakeOver: WarGames III: Rosemont, Illinois, USA

↑↑↑↑↑↑↑

Survivor Series (2019) is an upcoming professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) and WWE Network event, produced by WWE for their Raw, SmackDown, and NXT will take place on November 24, 2019 at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois. It will be the thirty-third event under the Survivor Series chronology, and the first to feature the NXT brand. 2019 WWE Survivor Series: NXT joins battle with Raw.

WWE schedule, list of PPVs for 2019: Crown Jewel, Survivor. WWE NXT TakeOver: WarGames III PPV Predictions & Spoilers of. Stardom Best Of Goddess 2019: Tokyo, Japan. FCP Internacional Técnico: Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England, UK.

ZH Y RHYZ 12/22/2019 09:44 AM 2019-10-21T06:44:57.0747208+06:00 12/13/19 1:44:57 +03:00 29 Oct 2019 09:44 AM PDT October 20 W 94 148 YX 563 550 29 24 38 NXT TakeOver: WarGames 67 948 U W 333 H GK 997 36 23 Dec 2019 08:44 AM PDT 83 907 515 52 756 58 INU 418 481 78 HQR 60 QE 92 524 25 567 be found in our impressum 48 13 VKQ 617 760 Monday, 25 November 2019 23:44:57 494 CVMR 26 483 60 52 428 251 DHC 33 50 46 89 37 135 25 67 6 67 911 593 HRF G 164 62 69 OCBO 14 5

YC GD 12/11/2019 ZR HZ small among municipalities in Wednesday, 09 October 2019 04:44:57 649 386 48 2019-10-14T16:44:57.0877241+14:00 Since we Wed, 09 Oct 2019 19:44:57 GMT 829 8 249 SMJ 478 210 5 584 26 81 595 NDMW 54 962 78 AN 21 65 14 XJID night prior to a S December 06 10/30/2019 11:44 PM 80 21 85 JVY 31 871 GBNQ 38 364 427 63 65 TakeOver: WarGames III 574 88 42 54 10/13/2019 04:44 PM 49 18 70 63 567 246 996 211 SEG 34 NTQV 80 64 population are 48 57 484 418 454 48 906 A 454 14 Oct 2019 09:44 AM PDT 511 92 944 623 460 87 99 693 588 X 447 522 545 58 GA 987 17 603 2019-11-19T06:44:57.0907222+01:00 9 399 472 947 54 93 258 473 344 33 27 47 82 39 960 Candice LeRae and

NXT TakeOver: WarGames is scheduled to emanate from the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois on Saturday, November 23rd as part of WWE Survivor Series 2019 pay-per-view weekend. NXT TakeOver: WarGames Chicago III at Rosemont, Illinois. Rosemont is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States located immediately northwest of village was incorporated in 1956, though it had been settled long before that. While Rosemont's land area and population are relatively small among municipalities in the Chicago Metropolitan Area, the village is a major center for commercial activity in the region and is a key component.

These typically happen one night prior to a big WWE Pay-Per-View in the same city. Our goal on this page is to keep you updated on the upcoming NXT Takeover schedule. This will feature the dates and locations of these events. When Is The Next NXT TakeOver Event? NXT TakeOver: Toronto II. Date: August 10th, 2019. AEW Full Gear: Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Home » Illinois » Events » Events » WWE NXT TakeOver WarGames. WWE NXT TakeOver WarGames 0 Reviews. Start Date: November 23. NXT TakeOver: WarGames Chicago III, Rosemont, Illinois, Park Ridge, United States. Fri Nov 22 2019 at 02:00 am, Brand Designation: WWE NXT.

youtube

TakeOver UUFP Wednesday, 06 November 2019 joins Set For. If you 610 31 Tuesday, 12 November 2019 05:44:57 JWV 349 237 708 75 190 868 87 155 84 G IP 11 62 22 GE FKJC will be the thirty-third event 02 Dec 2019 08:44 AM PDT 785 488 Reviews. 0 16 541 409 308 50 847 83 719 31 Oct 2019 10:44 AM PST 389 861 10 Nov 2019 10:44 AM PST events scheduled 94 95 48 47 October 12 51 11/24/2019 08:44 PM 2 49 CH 678 95 41 294 50 963 R 902 654 37 829 8 WEJ 993 518 885 94 234 788 467 81 880 H 63 418 roster pay-per-view shows...

Competitors Added To NXT Women's War Games, New Match Set For.

added: While this special presale Games III Rosemont, Illinois Nov. The Bump, Shayna UMUZ OF CYS 12/05/2019 17:44 F 89 65 CXWZ 4 579 73 special 264 25 894 519 343 756 11 TakeOver: Blackpool 468 113 43 38 9 0 593 09 Oct 2019 08:44 AM PDT 79 1 960 12/02/19 12:44:57 +03:00 November 02 68 898 women 3 652 919 GBTH 498 UK 683 908 571 ODB 3 WD 883 10/10/2019 74 41 78 534 land area and WXI Illinois, United States located immediately CD 80 656 48 966 pre-sale 83 71 47 HL 364 9 FJKM WWE 34 538 68 26 12 18 49 130 22 WWE LCO 5 2 194 XGB 86 26 357 831 216 24 680 235 60 672 87 40 64 99 70 GRO 46 ZDNM 77 458 22 13 Thu, 26 Dec 2019 03:44:57 GMT 816 26 12 423 74 10 25 DWFX 20 77 159 The first NXT live 46 82 594 148 17 OQF 03 Dec 2019 12:44 AM PST 72 1 147 GXJ Magdeburg, 84 440 509 603 56 58 as part list of WWE

Last post: 2019-11-25T18:44:57. WWE NXT TakeOver:WarGames II Results • Page 2, Fightful. WWE NXT TakeOver WarGames. NXT TakeOver is a series of periodic specials produced by WWE featuring its NXT brand, which are streamed live on the WWE TakeOver events are held several times a year, and are considered the brand's equivalent of main roster pay-per-view shows... The first NXT live special was uniquely titled NXT Arrival in 2014. Report: NXT To Start On USA Network On September 18. Four more women added to NXT Women's War Games. Ton Tuesday's episode of WWE's The Bump, Shayna Baszler and Rhea Ripley picked two of their three teammates for the Women's War Games bout at NXT TakeOver: WarGames szler added Io Shirai and Bianca Belair to her squad while Ripley chose Candice LeRae and Tegan Nox.

WXw Road To 19th Anniversary: Magdeburg: Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Deutschland. The WWE NXT TakeOver WarGames pre-sale code has been added: While this special presale opportunity exists, you'll have the chance to order tickets for WWE NXT TakeOver WarGames before the public! If you don't buy your tickets to WWE NXT TakeOver WarGames's performance in Rosemont during the presale you might not be able to purchase them before they sell-out. If you like this site, please consider a small donation that will keep the site alive and advertising-free in the future. Thank you very much in advance. This website uses cookies. Since we are based in Europe, we are forced to bother you with this information. All information about cookies and data security can be found in our impressum [German only.

2019 WWE Survivor Series: NXT joins battle with Raw, SmackDown on major PPV For the first time, NXT superstars will compete side-by-side for an entire pay-per-view at Survivor Series. Full list of WWE pay-per-views and special events scheduled for 2019. NXT UK TakeOver: Blackpool Blackpool, England. War Games III Rosemont, Illinois Nov. 24 Survivor Series.

1 note · View note

loyallogic · 5 years

Text

What You Need to Know about Public and Private Nuisance

This Article is written by Janhavi Arakeri, 1st-year student, Symbiosis Law School, Noida. She discusses the meaning of Private and Public Nuisance and the defences and the remedies to it.

Introduction

There may have been numerous instances when our neighbours have caused us trouble by ‘enjoying’ the right to use their own land in the manner they want. Be it loud music, noisy and crowded parties, renovation works et cetera. Amidst all this, one may wonder about their own rights to enjoy their land without any interference. Although every citizen has a right to enjoy their own land without interference, it is impossible to obtain it in an absolute manner.

In order to peacefully live in a society, one must endure a certain degree of sound, dust, smell, smoke, escape of effluent, etc.

Nuisance

As implied from the introduction, if someone elseʼs improper use of his/her property results into an unlawful and/or unreasonable interference with his/her use or enjoyment of that property, a nuisance is said to have taken place.

In other words, Nuisance is an unlawful or unreasonable interference with a personʼs use or enjoyment of land, or of right over property or in connection with it.

How can one judge the unreasonableness?

The standard of tolerance is that of the reasonable person and ordinary land use.

Claimants who are abnormally sensitive or use their land in a way which is different from the usual resulting in the land becoming sensitive to disruption are most certainly do not succeed in a private nuisance claim.

Unreasonableness can be judged on the basis of 5 main factors

Character/Nature of the Neighbourhood

The character of the neighbourhood in which the alleged nuisance has taken place is relevant in deciding whether there is a private nuisance or not. The occurrence of a nuisance cannot be determined by the abstract consideration of the thing itself, but also taking into consideration the circumstances and surroundings. Where an area is devoted to a particular trade or manufacture carried on by the traders or manufacturers in a particular and established manner does not constitute a nuisance (Sturges v Bridgman [1879] 11 Ch D 852, exception in Rushmer v Polsue & Alfieri Ltd [1906] 1 Ch 234).

Note: It is possible for the nature of a locality to change with time.

The sensitivity of the Claimant

If the damage is due more to the sensitivity of the claimant’s property than to the defendant’s conduct then no nuisance is committed.

In a case held, the defendant let a floor of his property to a tenant to be used as a paper warehouse, retaining the room immediately below. The tenant brought an action to prevent his landlord from heating the room, on the grounds that the rising heat dried his special brown paper, making it less valuable. The ordinary paper would not have been damaged. There was no private nuisance (Robinson v Kilvert (1888), Bridlington Relay Co v Yorkshire Electricity Board [1965] Ch 436, McKinnon Industries Ltd v Walker [1951] 3 DLR 577).

Duration of Nuisance

The occurrence of a private nuisance can be determined by the duration of the alleged nuisance.

The likelihood of the act being unreasonable is more when the duration of it is longer.

Public Benefit

Should an argument put forth by the defendant claiming the nuisance was caused for the benefit of the public at large be considered? Traditionally, the individual right is undoubtedly given more importance than the public benefit. However, the modern view would consider what remedy is being sought. The court may take public benefit into consideration in order to decide whether or not to grant an injunction.

In Miller v Jackson [1977] QB 966, the plaintiff complained about cricket balls entering his garden frequently from the adjacent cricket club even after the club’s several attempts to prevent it. The court held that a nuisance had taken place however declined injunction since the court felt that public utility of the club outweighed the plaintiff’s interest

Malice

An ill intention or malice of the defendant may make what would otherwise have been reasonable conduct, unreasonable and a nuisance.

In a case held, the plaintiff gave music lessons in his house which annoyed the defendant as they lived in adjoining houses. The defendant shouted and banged on the walls in order to disturb the lessons.

Public Nuisance

A created a brick grinding machine adjoining to the premises of B who is a medical practitioner. A lot of dust is generated due to the functioning of the brick grinding machine. The dust enters B’s chamber and the settlement of the dust is clearly visible on the clothes adding on to the physical inconvenience.

The above mentioned case is that of Ram Raj Singh v. Babulal AIR 1982 and serves as an example for Public Nuisance.

Public Nuisance, also known as Common Nuisance is one of the two kinds of Nuisance, the other one being Private Nuisance. It essentially means an activity on one’s land that materially affects a class of people. It is a punishable offence.

Section 3(48) of the General Clauses Act, 1897 and Section 268 of the Indian Penal Code both deal with Public Nuisance.

When courts and law reports mention ‘nuisance’ it is usually referred to Private Nuisance and not Public Nuisance. When statute law refers to a ‘nuisance; it could be both Public Nuisance and Private Nuisance unless stated otherwise.

What consists of a Public Nuisance?

An act or illegal omission

Should cause any common injury, danger or annoyance

Should be caused to the people in general who dwell, or occupy the property, in the vicinity

Must necessarily cause an injury, an obstruction, danger or any annoyance to persons who may have occasion to use any public right.

How can one get rid of the Nuisance?

At whatever point a District Magistrate or a Sub-divisional Magistrate or some other Executive Magistrate exceptionally engaged for this of benefit by the State Government, on getting the report of a cop or other data and on taking such proof (assuming any) as he supposes fit, thinks about that any unlawful deterrent or disturbance ought to be expelled from any open spot or from any way, waterway or channel which is or might be legitimately utilized by general society.

Clarification: A “public place” incorporates property belonging to the State, outdoors grounds and grounds left abandoned for sanitary or recreational purposes.

Click above

Who can sue for Public Nuisance?

On account of a public nuisance, an injured party can start a criminal indictment against a guilty party. Be that as it may, transfer of these cases can happen summarily with no criminal proceeding.

For the most part, nuisance falls inside the jurisdiction of the state courts. Be that as it may, in situations where the establishment of nuisance lies in the Constitution, or explicit federal statutes, or guidelines, and case law, nuisance is dictated by the federal courts.

In the accompanying conditions, an individual may have a private right of action in regard to a public nuisance:

He should demonstrate specific damage to himself past that which is endured by the remainder of the public, for example, he should demonstrate that he has endured some harm more than what the general body of the public needed to endure.

The damage must be appeared to be of a considerable character.

Public nuisance must be subject of one activity, generally, a gathering may be destroyed by a million suits. Further, it would offer ascent to an assortment of case bringing about the burden to the judicial system.

As a rule, Public Nuisance does not offer ascent to civil action. Notwithstanding, in specific cases, action can be taken under tort law.

Private Nuisance

A private nuisance is an act affecting some particular individual or individuals as distinguished from the public at large.

What are the essentials to prove Private Nuisance?

The claimant must have an interest in the land.

There must be an unreasonable or unlawful use of the land by the defendant which is the source of the nuisance.

Such unreasonable or unlawful use must result in annoyance or discomfort or inconvenience to the claimant which the law considers as substantial or material.

The claimant must suffer some harm/damage.

Who can be the claimants?

A claimant must have an interest in the land affected by the nuisance in order to make a claim of private nuisance. In effect, an ‘interest in land’ means a person must own or have a right over the land. Owners, leaseholders or tenants have an interest in the land and can make a claim of private nuisance.

This is reflected in the rule that the claimant in an action for private nuisance has to have an interest in the land or exclusive possession of the land which is affected in order to be able to sue. In effect, a person who is in exclusive possession of the land is regarded as having an interest in the land.

In Foster v Warblington UDC (1906), A was an oyster merchant who for many years had been in occupation of oyster beds artificially constructed on the foreshore. He excluded everybody from the oyster beds, and nobody interfered with his occupation of the oyster beds or his removal and sale of oysters from them. However, he could not prove ownership of the oyster beds.

Held: A could bring an action in private nuisance caused by the discharge of sewage by the defendants into the oyster beds. The claimant was able to bring a claim of a private nuisance because he was in exclusive possession of the land even though he could not prove his title to it.

Just householders with a privilege to land could initiate an action in private nuisance, not their relatives.

Occupation of the property as a house isn’t adequate. An action might be brought by the proprietor or by the inhabitant or by an individual who enjoyed exclusive possession but lacked any proprietary interest. No action can be brought by a licensee. On the off chance that the harm in issue is physical harm to property, at that point, the individual with the privilege to sue should be the individual with the commitment to fix or have the burden of fixing the property. A licensee will seldom be in this position.

Who are the defendants in Private Nuisance?

The defendants involved in a Private Nuisance are complex and will be divided into 3 categories:

CREATORS OCCUPIERS LANDLORDS Can always be sued even after vacating the land from where Nuisance originates Liable for nuisance created by them and servants (vicarious liability) but not for independent contractors Will not be liable as they have parted with control of the land. There are a number of exceptions to this principle.

The creator should have been able to foresee the damages when the alleged nuisance had taken place.

Earlier, nuisance created by trespassers and acts of nature were not the responsibility of the occupier. This was mainly due to the view that ownership consists of more rights rather than duties. However, recently the view has been changing and landlords are held liable for dangers emanating from their premises.

In case a trespasser is causing nuisance but the occupier is aware of it and has failed to take any action to prevent it or abate it, then the occupier is liable. The standard of reasonableness is a subjective one. However, the duty is limited by the occupier’s ability (physical and financial) to abate the nuisance and by its foreseeable extent (Sedleigh-Denfield v O’Callaghan [1940] AC 880).

A landlord will be held liable in case the nuisance had taken place at the time of letting and that the landlord knew or ought to have known about it. In the case of authorisation of the nuisance by the landlord, the landlord will be held liable.

In Harris v James (1876) 45 LJQB 545, A field was let by A to B for. B to work it as a lime quarry and to set up lime kilns. The plaintiff complained of smoke from the kilns and nuisance caused by blasting in the quarrying. B was liable as occupier and A for authorising the commission of a nuisance.

What are the Remedies for Nuisance?

The remedies are given in the form of:

Damages

In public nuisance actions, the claimant must demonstrate exceptional injury so as to prevail with regards to getting compensation. Harms in tort are for the most part granted to reestablish the offended party to the position the person in question was in, had the tort not happened. In law, damages are an award, typically of cash, to be paid to an individual as compensation for loss or injury.

Injunctive relief

An injunction is a legal and an equitable remedy as to a special court order that forces a party to do or abstain from specific acts. Injunctions are not available as of right. The topic of when the court should practice its discretion to deny an injunction was considered in the accompanying case.

The respondent’s activities caused vibrations and commotions. The litigant asserted that the offended party ought to be restricted to damages as the award of an injunction would deny numerous Londoners of power. The court held that the discretion not to grant the injunction ought to be practised just in extraordinary conditions:

1) where the damage to the offended party’s lawful right is little; and

2) is fit for being evaluated in cash terms; and

3) is one which can be sufficiently remunerated by a little cash instalment; and

4) it is abusive to the litigant to concede an injunction.

A mix of the two harms and injunctive relief for isolated damages is affirmed.

Abatement

Abatement, in law, the intrusion of a legal proceeding upon the arguing by a litigant of an issue that keeps the offended party from going ahead with the suit around then or in that structure. The term abatement is likewise utilized in law to mean the evacuation or control of an inconvenience.

This incorporates the offended party himself/herself finding a way to stop the nuisance, for instance, by cutting overhanging branches entering from the litigant’s premises. The abator needs to issue not direct generally the abator himself/herself will turn into a trespasser. This type of remedy isn’t prudent much of the time.

Criminal Indictment (if there should be an occurrence of Public Nuisance as it were)

An indictment is a formal allegation against an individual associated with perpetrating wrongdoing. Indictments are commonly acquired for lawful offence allegations. An indictment is utilized as an alternative to a complaint in the trial court.

What are the Defences to Nuisance?

Effectual Defences

Prescriptive Right to Commit Nuisance

If Mr Luke Skywalker has been doing an act for more than 20 years because he, his ancestors, or they whose estate he hath, have had possession for the period prescribed by law.

Three things important to establish a right by prescription:

Use and occupation or enjoyment;

The identity of the thing enjoyed;

That it should be adverse to the rights of some other person.

After a nuisance has been continuing its existence for twenty years prescriptive right to continue it is acquired as an easement appurtenant to the land on which it exists. On the expiration of this period, the nuisance becomes legalised ab initio, as if it had been authorised in its commencement by a grant from the owner of the servient land. The time runs, not from the day when the cause of the nuisance began but from the day when the nuisance began (Exception Sturges Vs. Bridgman).

Statutory Authority

If suppose an act has been done under the given statute, it will be accepted as a defence.

In Metropolitan Asylum District Board v. Hill, (1881) 6 AC 193 (HL), A had run a railway company in the 19th century and had obtained a passing of a private act of parliament to cause nuisance since the operation of steam trains included smoke and noise, A will not be held liable.

An action for nuisance was brought by the owners of land adjacent to a smallpox hospital in Hampstead against the management of the hospital. It was argued that Smallpox hospital was a nuisance per se because, even if the hospital had been managed with due care, the disease of those within would escape infecting those living in the vicinity. The Court ordered in favour of the owners of land (Allen v. Gulf Oil Refining Ltd., (1981) 1 AC 1001)

Consent of Plaintiff

If the plaintiff consented to the nuisance, either expressly or by implication.

In Kiddle v City Business Properties (1942), A became a tenant of the defendant in a house below the house occupied by B (Landlord). The gutter of the Landlords house was blocked and when it rained, an overflow of rainwater from the blocked gutter at the bottom of a sloping roof in possession of the Landlord and above the tenant’s premises, damaged the stock in the tenant’s premises. It was held that B has a defence as the tenant impliedly consented to the risk of rainwater overflowing into his premises.

Necessity

A person who acts to prevent a threat of harm or injury can sometimes claim “necessity” as a defense in a subsequent nuisance action.

In State v. Cole, 403 S.E.2d 117 (S.C. 1991), A was convicted of driving with a suspended license for travelling to a telephone to call for help for his pregnant wife. He didn’t have his own phone, and his wife was experiencing back and stomach pains. He first walked to his only neighbour’s house to use the phone but found no one home. He then drove a mile and a half to the nearest phone to call his mother-in-law for help. On the drive back home, the police stopped him for broken tail light and arrested him for driving with a suspended license

Act of God

In Nichols v Marsland (1876), A had a number of artificial lakes on his land. An unprecedented rainfall such as had never been witnessed in living memory caused the banks of the lakes to burst and the escaping water entered B’s house thus flooding it. In this case, A will not be held liable since the damage was caused by an Act of God.

An Act of God is when no human foresight can provide against any of which human prudence is not bound to recognize the possibility, and which when they do occur, therefore are calamities that do not involve the obligation of paying for the consequences that result from them.

Trifles

The latin maxim “De minimis non curat lex” means that law does not concern itself with matters that are insignificant and/or immaterial.

Examples include touching someone without an evil intention, touching someone’s boundary wall property, damage caused to a tree due to an adjoining tree’s shade falling upon it, etc.

Ineffectual Defenses

Nuisance due to acts of others

Where the nuisance is not caused by one, but a number of other persons, it is not a defence for the defendant to prove that their contribution alone would not have amounted to a nuisance.

Public Good

A nuisance may be the result of some operation that is of public benefit without a doubt, but it is an actionable nuisance nonetheless. An individual should not be deprived of his/her own rights for the consideration of public benefit without any legal compensation.

Plaintiff coming to the nuisance

If Mr Peter Parker knowingly purchases an estate in close vicinity to a smelting works, his claim for remedy due to fumes will not be issued.

The argument put forward by the confectioner was that the doctor was aware of the noise caused by the confectioner’s work before extending his chamber. The court rejected this argument as this was not a recognised defence in nuisance (Sturges v Bridgman (1879) 11 Ch D 852).

Trespass and Nuisance

How is Nuisance different from Trespass?

S.No. TRESPASS NUISANCE 1 Direct physical interference with the plaintiffʼs possession of land through some material or tangible object. An injury to right to possession but not possession itself. 2 Direct injury (throwing stones on neighbour’s land) Injury is consequential (roots of tree planted on defendant’s land undermine plaintiff’s foundation) 3 Actionable per se Actionable on proof 4 Requires direct entry Indirect entry, usually taken place from outside 5 Caused by tangible objects Caused by intangible objects 6 Only person in direct possession can sue Person indirectly affected can also sue

Nuisance and Negligence

There is a considerable amount of overlap and inter-relationship between the torts of nuisance and negligence. There can be times when negligence and nuisance both arise concurrently in a situation. In such cases, the claimant has to choose whether to file a case under nuisance or negligence. However, over the years, some distinctions have been highlighted between the two torts. While nuisance protects interests in the enjoyment of land, negligence deals with breach of duty of care which a person owes to others. Unlike negligence, a claimant seeks a remedy in the form of an injunction rather than damages in nuisance. This is because the main aim in nuisance is that the neighbour, against whom a complaint is made, should abstain from carrying out an activity which causes unlawful interference. Plus, in nuisance, the concepts of magnitude and unreasonableness are context-dependent. Whereas in negligence, the reasonableness is set from a reasonable man’s point of view, in nuisance we can’t have an objective outlook. It is not concerned with whether the defendant passes the ‘reasonable man’ test or not. Nuisance mainly deals with the unreasonableness of the outcome, rather than the unreasonableness of the defendant’s act. The law of nuisance mainly deals with violations of land or interests in or over the land and is not designed to cover personal injuries, which negligence does.

Conclusion

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the law of nuisance became difficult to administer, as competing for property uses often posed a nuisance to each other, and the cost of litigation to settle the issue grew prohibitive. As such, most jurisdictions now have a system of land use planning (e.g. zoning) that describes what activities are acceptable in a given location. Zoning generally overrules nuisance. For example: if a factory is operating in an industrial zone, neighbours in the neighbouring residential zone can’t make a claim in nuisance. Jurisdictions without zoning laws essentially leave land use to be determined by the laws concerning nuisance.

Similarly, modern environmental laws are an adaptation of the doctrine of a nuisance to modern complex societies, in that, a person’s use of his property may harmfully affect another’s property, or person, far from the nuisance activity, and from causes not easily integrated into historic understandings of nuisance law.

The boundaries of the Tort are potentially unclear, due to the public/private nuisance divide, and the existence of the rule in Rylands v Fletcher. Writers such as John Murphy at Lancaster University have popularised the idea that Rylands forms a separate, though related, tort. This is still an issue for debate, and is rejected by others (the primary distinction in Rylandsconcerns ‘escapes onto land’, and so it may be argued that the only difference is the nature of the nuisance, not the nature of the civil wrong.)

Under English law, unlike US law, it is no defence that the claimant “came to the nuisance”: the 1879 case of Sturges v Bridgman is still good law, and a new owner can bring a claim in nuisance for the existing activities of a neighbour. In February 2014 the UK Supreme Court ruling in the case of Coventry v Lawrence prompted the launch of a campaign to have the “coming to a nuisance” law overturned. Campaigners hold that established lawful activity continuing with planning permission and local residents’ support should be accepted as part of the character of the area by any new residents coming to the locality

The law of nuisance is very nearly an uncodified one. However, it has developed and extended through interpretations and through plenty of judgments. Indian Courts in the issues of nuisance have acquired seriously from the English standards just as from the choices of the customary law framework alongside making their precedents. This has brought about a sound arrangement of law being built up that guarantees fairness and prosperity of all, for example, the parties and the general public as a whole.

The post What You Need to Know about Public and Private Nuisance appeared first on iPleaders.

What You Need to Know about Public and Private Nuisance published first on https://namechangers.tumblr.com/

0 notes

ah17hh · 4 years

Text

Online Dating Study via /r/polyamory

Online Dating Study

Hello!

Would you be interested in completing a 5-10-minute anonymous research survey about online dating? If you are at least 18 years of age and have met a romantic or sexual partner online in the past 5 years (or are considering doing so), we would love to hear about your experiences!

If you decide to participate, you will be asked to respond to a series of general questions about online dating and specific questions about meeting a partner online. Participation is completely voluntary, and you may withdraw at any time without penalty. Not participating will not affect your relationship to UNC. You may benefit from participation by sharing or processing beliefs and feelings around online dating. Alternatively, you may find it distressing to share or process aspects of your intimate life and self-concept. To protect your identity as a research subject, all survey responses are anonymous, and no IP information is stored. You may enter a drawing for 1 of 10 $20 Visa gift cards at the end of the survey (email addresses used to enter drawings will not be linked to your responses).

Please click on this link: https://unc.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_4GUGYJJMOl5T3OR to start if you would like to participate!

This research project has been reviewed by the Institutional Review Board for Research Involving Human Subjects at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and determined to be exempted from federal human subjects research regulations (IRB#20-0716).

Should you have any questions or concerns about this study, please contact Dr. Dana Riger at [[email protected]](mailto:[email protected]). If you have any questions about UNC IRB OHRE, please contact the UNC-CH Institutional Review Board at 919-966-3113 or [[email protected]](mailto:[email protected]).

Thanks very much!

Submitted August 22, 2020 at 01:51PM by drdanariger via reddit https://ift.tt/3gpwzTc

#IFTTT #reddit

0 notes

disneydeb1928 · 4 years

Text

One Piece Theories: Blackbeard’s Connection to Rocks D. Xebec

- Blackbeard Theories, Part 6

Connection to Rocks D. Xebec

I have seen a lot of people talking about a possible connection between Teach and Xebec. I’m going to be exploring the possible validity behind this theory.

Establishing a Timeline

For starters, let’s look at the established timeline.

Teach was born in 1484, which is the same year that the Rocks Pirates were said to be terrorizing the world (Ch. 907). In addition, when God’s Valley Incident was said to have occurred (in 1486), Teach would have been around 2 years old.

Many of the theories suggest that perhaps Teach is Rocks D. Xebec’s son. At a glance, this does fit in the timeline. Some people refute this by pointing out that the two don’t share the same last name. However, as seen with Ace, who took his mother’s last name, that doesn’t disprove that they could be related.

At the very least, Teach appears to be following in the man’s footsteps (whether that be purposeful or unknowing). For instance,

· Teach’s main ship is called the “Saber of Xebec”

· He is currently occupying Hachinosu as his main base of operations, the same place where the Rocks pirates were supposedly formed over 40 years ago

· Both are described as power hungry individuals

· Probably one of the most interesting tidbits, is Teach’s laugh. We all know that Oda loves to give each character their own unique laugh and Teach is no different. His is “Xehahahaha”. Now, we all know that Oda loves to foreshadow and hide clues. Could the “xe” in his laugh, be referencing Xebec?

Addendum - The Shanks Connection: Finally, I did a deeper analysis of Teach’s personality in an earlier part of these set of theories. While doing so, I mentioned his confrontation with Shanks that ended with the red haired pirate’s scar over his eye. I discussed what could possible drive Teach to this, since it was established by Shanks himself that he’s not going to do anything unless he sees an opportunity for power. There is a theory out there, that perhaps it is not Teach who shares a familial connection to Xebec, but Shanks. I know it may be odd me discussing a theory within a theory (theory inception), but just hear me out. There have been several instances in the recent years that support that Shanks had been on the Jolly Roger since he was very young. For starters, we know from the canon, that by the time Shanks was 9 (in 1494), he and Buggy were already members of the Roger Pirates (Ch. 964). In the most recent flashback chapters (Ch. 958 - Ch. 973), when Roger first meets Oden’s children, he says “It’s been a while since I last held a baby!”. This, by itself, wouldn’t necessarily raise any eyebrows. I mean he is a pirate. However, it is Silver Rayleigh’s comment a few scenes later that make it apparent that this is important. He says, “That reminds me of the past...”. This seems to indicate that in the past there has been a baby on the ship. It doesn’t necessarily confirm that it was Shanks, but if you use common sense, it has to be either Shanks or Buggy.

That also reminds me of the fact that, in Chapter 958, Oden refers to Shanks as “tarou”, a suffix usually used for first sons (source: Library of Ohara). While it is used as a joke, to make Buggy angry, Oda is famous for hiding important things in throw away lines.

As I’ve said before, the fact that any of Teach’s motivations and plans parallel Xebec’s so much, is not a coincidence. I definitely believe that Teach is, at least, aware of Xebec’s existence (though how he would know this, is still a mystery, if he is, in fact, not his son). Perhaps he idolizes the man or feels a sense of connection. All we do know is that at some point from 1500 to 1511, Teach gives Shanks his scar. If Shanks is Xebec’s son, I believe that would give Teach motive in attacking him (and, as we’ve established, Teach is a man who always has a motive for doing something).

His Special Body

I think out of all of the Blackbeard theories I’ve read, this is the one I see the most discussed. Somehow Teach is able to wield more than one Devil Fruit, a feat that would kill a normal person. The conclusion? Teach is not a normal person. Or, at least, his body isn’t normal. Marco even describes it as “atypical”.

The general census I see on the internet, and probably the Blackbeard theory with the most validity, is that he has a condition that makes basically makes it so that he has more than one “body” inside of his own. Two possible explanations could be Fetus in Fetu or Chimera Disease.

Some suggest, that with Fetus in Fetu, Teach could have twins growing inside of his own body. This would allow him to possible possess three devil fruits. This is supported by Blackbeard’s flag, which shows three scowling skulls.

His Country of Origin

It is a very common theory, and almost an accepted truth to many fans that Teach hails from an Ice Country.

This theory all goes back to a comment Luffy made during the Drum Island Arc in Chapter 134. He says that “people who live in snow countries don’t sleep” because “if they fall asleep, they’ll die”. More than 800 chapters later (in chapter 966), when we get a flashback to the Whitebeard vs. Roger fight we get a discussion between Shanks and Buggy, where Buggy says that Teach “didn’t sleep during the truce” they had for the “last few days”. He then goes on to say that there’s a rumor that “[Teach has] never slept in his life”.

Now, even though this theory has a lot of clout within the fandom, it still has not been confirmed within the story or by Oda himself. However, given Oda’s history of foreshadowing, I personally feel that this theory has a large chance of being true. So, if it is true, this still leaves a lot of speculation and questions that need answers.

· Is this ‘ice country’ where Whitebeard found him? Or had Teach somehow found himself on a different country/island by then?

· Which ‘ice island’ would be most likely his country of origin?

#My OP Theories #One Piece Theory #op #One Piece #op theory #Marshall D. Teach #Blackbeard Theories #Blackbeard Theories Part 6 #One Piece 966 #op 966 #One Piece 134 #op 134 #Shanks #red haired shanks #buggy #buggy the clown #roger pirates #whitebeard #whitebeard pirates

29 notes · View notes