#Deng Yingchao
Text
2019: Zhou Enlai and His Adopted Son Li Peng
An article on the Zhou Enlai memorial website jointly set up by the People’s Daily, Communist Party News website and the Yan’an Party Committee and government tells the story of the adoption of Li Peng, the son of revolutionary martyr Li Shouxun (former Communist Party Politburo member and sponsor of Liu Shaoqi when Liu joined the Party). Li Peng himself became, like his foster father Zhou Enlai…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Text
Overindulgence brings ruthlessness in children-Woodmam
Are children born unable to love others? No. Then what is the root cause of "love loss disorder"? It is the "extreme love", "overindulgence" and "unlimited indulgence" of parents that breeds selfishness in children, so that they have only themselves in their minds and no one else.
Someone once did an experiment: put a frog in hot water, it will immediately instinctively jump out and run away; but put a frog in a glass of cold water, put an alcohol stove under the glass of water, lit and slowly heated, the frog in the glass is very comfortable, slowly get used to the temperature, and finally boiled alive, but still do not know how to die. The reason for this is, as the experts say, "deep love is a greater distortion of personality than great hatred, because the former is hard to resist by the object of spoiling, and this is precisely the common characteristic of Chinese one-child families."
All parents under heaven love their children, but they do not necessarily love them. Deng Yingchao once said, "A mother's heart is always kind, but a kind heart must be used well; if it is not used well, the result will be counterproductive." Excessive care and coddling actually deprives the child of the right to suffer appropriate setbacks and difficulties and to learn to love and care for others. Such a child grows up with a sense of enjoyment rather than devotion; a sense of self without others; a sense of self without others in the emotional world. The seed of "love" thus bears the fruit of hate.
There are two kinds of needs at birth: material needs and spiritual needs. As a result, not only do they cause themselves emotional pain and suffering, but they also cause their children's spiritual world to become barren, and even form personality deficiencies, so that when they go out into society, they do not fit in with the people around them, and in some cases, they even go the other way.
Children are the mirror of their parents. If the problem is with the child, the root of the problem may be with the child themselves.
What is true love? What is harm?
Educational toys can be used to prompt children's learning abilities
0 notes
Quote
On the afternoon of January 11, Wang Hongwen, Wang Dongxin, Deng Yingchao, the funeral committee, and Zhou's closest friends delivered Zhou Enlai's remains to the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery for cremation. A million people lined the route to in freezing weather to pay their last respects, and wails of sorrow accompanied the hearse's slow progress, with some people kneeling down before the hearse and weeping. Zhou's public reputation had been burnished by his unstinting efforts for China's revolution, as well as his restrained personal habits and unusually scandal-free and childless marriage to Deng Yingchao, and his degraded posthumous treatment aroused widespread sympathy. But there was more to the public mourning than that. Thirty years later, Bao Tong astutely observed, "It wasn't because they understood Zhou Enlai so well, but rather because they understood Mao Zedong all too well. The entire significance of the mourning for Zhou Enlai was in the loss of faith in Mao."
Yang Jisheng, The World Turned Upside Down
#quote#quotation#Yang Jisheng#The World Turned Upside Down#Wang Hongwen#Wang Dongxin#Deng Yingchao#Zhou Enlai#Mao#mourning#death#funeral#reputation#marriage#sympathy#Bao Tong#significance#last man standing#definitely not the worst way out
1 note
·
View note
Text
Zhou Enlai (1898-1976).
1st Premier of the People's Republic of China.
.
Zhou was China's head of government, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976. Zhou served under Chairman Mao Zedong and was instrumental in the Communist Party's rise to power, and later in consolidating its control, forming foreign policy, and developing the Chinese economy.
.
A skilled and able diplomat, Zhou served as the Chinese foreign minister from 1949 to 1958. Advocating peaceful coexistence with the West after the Korean War, he participated in the 1954 Geneva Conference and the 1955 Bandung Conference, and helped orchestrate Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. He helped devise policies regarding the bitter disputes with the United States, Taiwan, the Soviet Union (after 1960), India and Vietnam.
.
Zhou survived the purges of other top officials during the Cultural Revolution. While Mao dedicated most of his later years to political struggle and ideological work, Zhou was the main driving force behind the affairs of state during much of the Cultural Revolution. His attempts at mitigating the Red Guards' damage and his efforts to protect others from their wrath made him immensely popular in the Cultural Revolution's later stages.
.
As Mao's health began to decline in 1971 and 1972 and following the death of disgraced Lin Biao, Zhou was elected to the vacant position of First Vice Chairman of the Communist Party by the 10th Central Committee in 1973 and thereby designated as Mao's successor, but still struggled against the Gang of Four internally over leadership of China. He then fell out of the public eye for medical treatment and died one year later. The massive public outpouring of grief in Beijing turned to anger at the Gang of Four, leading to the 1976 Tiananmen Incident.
.
He was married to Deng Yingchao and adopted two children.
He died from bladder cancer.
[Submission]
#Zhou Enlai#chinese history#early 20th century#China#minister#politics#Mao#mao zedong#communist#communism#history lesson#historical#historic#histoire#history#história#history buff#history hottie#history crush#history nerd#history lover#history geek#historical crush#historical babes#historical hottie#historical figure
123 notes
·
View notes
Photo
Chinese premier Zhou Enlai and his wife Deng Yingchao at the Beidaihe Beach Resort in Hubei Province, China - 1954 [600x445] Check this blog!
8 notes
·
View notes
Photo
Dizem que entre o casal Zhou Enlai (foi o primeiro primeiro- ministro da República Popular da China) e Deng Yingchao existiam as 'oito regras mútuas fundamentais": 1. Amor mútuo 2. Respeito mútuo 3. Incentivo mútuo 4. Empatia mútua 5. Concessão m��tua 6. Compreensão mútua 7. Apoio mútuo 8. Estudo mútuo" (NRH - 09/06/2018) . . #regianeivanski #decoração #organização #dica #casa #home #homesweethome #love #casadareivanski #decor #instadecor #likefourlike #donadecasa #diadosnamorados https://www.instagram.com/p/CBVi6dQDcdJ/?igshid=4to2u55k4wgc
#regianeivanski#decoração#organização#dica#casa#home#homesweethome#love#casadareivanski#decor#instadecor#likefourlike#donadecasa#diadosnamorados
0 notes
Photo
永安里包括四川北路1953弄和多伦路152一192号两部分，是由永安公司地产部投资兴建的。属于新式里弄住宅。四川北路1953弄内建筑前半段建于1925年，后半段建于1945年后。共有住房155幢，建筑面积约2.1万平方米。砖混结构三层，坐北朝南，户户毗连，联排而居。一层主入口上有雨蓬，南立面有挑出的钢筋混尼土阳台或内置式阳台，双坡瓦顶屋面，平拱玻璃木门窗。有矮墙小花园，铸铁栅栏门，门柱顶部有一个水泥砌成的花盆。多伦路152一192号建于20世纪30年代，典型中低标准集合式住宅。沿街布置，总长度70米，平面呈弧形。建筑物使用了简化的欧洲古典建筑语汇，形成欧洲近代城市集合住宅的特征。过街楼上的山花门饰仍留有石库门遗迹，这是当时上海海派居住建筑的特征。1999年多伦路文化名人街筹建期间，沿多伦路一侧的底层开设了珠宝玉器、古玩字画等店铺， 三楼仍为民居。当年中共地下党组织曾在永安里设置秘密联络点，周恩来、邓颖超、“左联”盟员安娥、舞蹈家陈爱莲等历史名人也曾在永安里驻足和生活。 Yongan Lane consists of two parts: Lane 1953 of North Sichuan Road and 152-192 Duolun Road. It was a real estate project of Wing On Company. It is a new-style residential neighborhood. The first half of the houses at 1953 North Sichuan Road were built in 1925, and the second half were built in 1945. Yongan Lane has 155 houses with a total floor area of about 21,000 square meters. The houses are three-floor brick-concrete structures facing south, and the households are adjacent to each other. There is an awning over the main entrance to the first floor, a reinforced concrete built-in balcony on the south façade, double roofs and flat arched glass doors and windows. There is a small garden surrounded by low walls, with a cast iron fence gate, and a cement pot on the top of the door post. The houses at 152-192 Duolun Road were built in the 1930s. They are typical low and medium-standard collective housing. They spread along the street for 70 meters in a curve. The houses at 152-192 Duolun Road were built in the 1930s. They are typical low and medium-standard collective housing. They spread along the street for 70 meters in a curve. The houses are simplified European classical structures, forming a modern European-style urban settlement. The decorations on the arcade are traits of Shikumen, the typical form of Shanghai residential neighborhood of that time. Yongan Lane used to accommodate a secret contact point for the underground CPC party organization, and Zhou Enlai, Deng Yingchao, left-wing writer An E and dancer Chen Ailian used to stay and live here. #上海 #虹口区 #多伦路 #历史优秀建筑 #上海旅行 #上海夜景 #上海美食 #魔都美食 #魔都探店 #上海探店 #上海网红店 #上海下午茶 #上海咖啡馆 #上海旅行 #拍照圣地 #shanghai #shanghailife（在 多倫路文化名人街） https://www.instagram.com/p/B-pcgNHlZPc/?igshid=132gvv9jiyj8f
0 notes
Photo
Zhou Enlai ( 周恩来, Zhōu Ēnlái, Chou En-lai ) - chiński polityk i wojskowy, pierwszy premier ChRL od momentu jej powstania w 1949 roku aż do śmierci.Pochodził z zamożnej rodziny mandaryńskiej. Ukończył Uniwersytet Nankai w Tianjinie. W 1919 roku więziony za udział w Ruchu 4 Maja. W latach 1920-1924 studiował we Francji (1920-1922) i Niemczech (1923-1924). Podczas pobytu za granicą w 1922 roku wstąpił do Komunistycznej Partii Chin. W tym samym roku założył we Francji europejską sekcję tej partii.Po powrocie do Chin był w latach 1924-1926 szefem wydziału politycznego akademii wojskowej w Huangpu. Został usunięty z tego stanowiska przez Czang Kaj-szeka. Objął następnie funkcję szefa wydziału wojskowego Komunistycznej Partii Chin. W 1936 roku z ramienia KPCh prowadził w Xi’anie negocjacje z Kuomintangiem w sprawie utworzenia wspólnego frontu antyjapońskiego. Po zakończeniu wojny w latach 1945-1946 ponownie przewodniczył delegacjom KPCh podczas rozmów pokojowych z Kuomintangiem.Po utworzeniu Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej w 1949 roku objął funkcję premiera, którą do 1958 sprawował równolegle z funkcją ministra spraw zagranicznych. Jako minister spraw zagranicznych m.in. podpisał układ o przyjaźni i współpracy z ZSRR w 1950 roku i w porozumieniu z Jawaharlalem Nehru sformułował pięć zasad pokojowego współistnienia podczas wizyty w Indiach w 1954 roku. Od 1956 był członkiem Stałego Komitetu Biura Politycznego KPCh i zastępcą przewodniczącego KC KPCh.Podczas rewolucji kulturalnej (1966-1976) Zhou zdystansował się od partyjnych ekstremistów, udało mu się jednak zachować zajmowane do tej pory stanowiska. Podczas 10 lat rewolucji kulturalnej starał się ratować chińską gospodarkę i chronić zabytki kultury przed zniszczeniem ze strony hunwejbinów (m.in. wprowadzając wojsko do Zakazanego Miasta). Starał się także chronić Deng Xiaopinga i doprowadził do przywrócenia mu stanowiska wicepremiera w 1973 roku.Zhou zmarł 8 stycznia 1976 roku. Wiec na cześć zmarłego premiera zorganizowany przez studentów w przededniu chińskiego Święta Zmarłych 4 kwietnia na placu Niebiańskiego Spokoju przerodził się w wielką demonstrację przeciwko bandzie czworga.Od 1925 roku był żonaty z Deng Yingchao (1904-1992), przewodniczącą Ludowej Politycznej Konferencji Konsultatywnej Chin w latach 1983-1988.
0 notes
Text
Obituary: Li Peng, China's technocrat 'communist warrior' who rose to the top in chaotic times
Late premiers Li Peng and Zhou Enlai have come to occupy two very different places in the Chinese consciousness, one hugely controversial, the other a national hero.While Zhou remains a cherished leader to most Chinese, Li will forever be remembered for his controversial role in the 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown " sealed by his appearance on national television on May 20, 1989, angrily declaring martial law in Beijing.Li's death, at the age of 90, was reported by China's official news agency Xinhua on Tuesday. In the official obituary, he was described as "a loyal communist warrior" and "an outstanding leader of the Communist Party and the state". The statement said that he died of illness in Beijing on Monday.The obituary heaped lavish praise on the former premier, crediting him for standing firm in 1989 and making a great contribution to China's reforms despite the country's isolation after Tiananmen.In describing the 1989 crackdown, the obituary said the premier, who had the support of party elders including paramount leader Deng Xiaoping, had played an "important role".Then premier Li Peng (left) and president Yang Shangkun flank Communist Party chief Jiang Zemin in the Great Hall of the People in September 1989. Photo: Reuters alt=Then premier Li Peng (left) and president Yang Shangkun flank Communist Party chief Jiang Zemin in the Great Hall of the People in September 1989. Photo: Reuters"Under the resolute support of veteran revolutionary leaders represented by comrade Deng Xiaoping, comrade Li Peng unequivocally stood with most of the comrades of the Politburo, taking decisive measures to stop the turmoil, cracking down on the counter-revolutionary riot and stabilising the domestic situation," the obituary said."He made an important contribution in this fundamental struggle, which was critical to the future and fate of the Communist Party and the state," it added.As premier, the obituary said, Li had made great strides in refocusing the country's economic development on technology and state sector reforms.Li became the parliamentary chief in 1998 when he stepped down as premier after serving two terms. He remains the only Chinese politician who has held both powerful positions.(From left) Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Li Peng at the fifth plenary session of the Communist Party's 13th Central Committee in Beijing in November 1989. Photo: Xinhua alt=(From left) Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Li Peng at the fifth plenary session of the Communist Party's 13th Central Committee in Beijing in November 1989. Photo: XinhuaBorn to a father the party recognised as a "martyr", Li benefited from the care of party elders who later became the country's founding fathers, and he was widely rumoured to be the adopted son of Zhou, who served as China's premier for almost three decades.Li rose through the political ranks during one of the nation's most chaotic periods. Throughout the 1980s and 90s, the party leadership was locked in a debate between the reformist camp and the conservative wing over the country's direction. Li was seen as a representative of the old guard, backed by party elder Chen Yun.Many observers viewed Li as an uninspired technocrat, who believed China's progress could only come in the form of huge infrastructure projects such as the controversial Three Gorges Dam, which he orchestrated."Li's political support in government circles was largely because he was thought of as the adopted son of the most respected founding premier," said Laurence Brahm, a Beijing-based political economist and an expert in China's elite politics.However, in his official memoir, published in 2014, Li denied he was adopted by Zhou.Li was born in Shanghai in 1928 to a family from Chengdu, in the southwestern province of Sichuan. His father, Li Shouxun, a writer and a friend of Zhou, was executed for being a communist revolutionary in 1930. In his memoir, Li Peng said he met Zhou's wife, Deng Yingchao, in Chengdu in 1939 and was then taken to Zhou's home in Chongqing. He said he did not meet Zhou until 1940.As was the case with many revolutionary offspring, Li was sent to study in the Soviet Union, dispatched to the Moscow Power Engineering Institute in 1948.After his return to China in 1955, Li worked as chief engineer and director of two large power plants in the northeast of the country. Thanks to his job and political connections, he avoided becoming ensnared in the national upheavals of the Great Leap Forward, which began in the late 1950s, and the decade-long Cultural Revolution, which started in 1966.After Deng Xiaoping became paramount leader in the late 1970s, Li moved into several increasingly key, powerful political positions. He was appointed vice-minister of the power industry in 1979 and minister two years later.When Zhao Ziyang was promoted from premier to party general secretary in 1987 following the purging of Hu Yaobang, Li was picked to succeed Zhao, first as acting premier and then, from 1988, as premier.Throughout the 1980s, China was moving away from its centrally planned economy to embrace market reforms, a cause championed by Hu and Zhao. The programme reached deep into the fabric of Chinese society, touching not just politics, but also the legal system, industry and the military.Premier Li Peng shakes hands with Wang Dan, a representative of students on a hunger strike, in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on May 18, 1989. Photo: Xinhua alt=Premier Li Peng shakes hands with Wang Dan, a representative of students on a hunger strike, in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on May 18, 1989. Photo: XinhuaBut the party was split over the shift in ideology and the new direction of the economy. Brahm said Li viewed economics through the prism of state planning " a result of his Soviet education and training.Li's conflict with Zhao escalated in the spring of 1989 as the democracy movement grew. Zhao called for dialogue with the students and broad political reforms, but Li wanted to take a hard line and argued for tough measures to suppress the "troublemakers", saying they wanted to stir up political and social turmoil.In the end, Li used his authority as premier to declare martial law on May 20 and was personally involved in overseeing the bloody military crackdown in Tiananmen Square that followed.Edward Friedman, professor emeritus of political science at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and an expert in elite Chinese politics, said Li proved he was worthy of the trust of his factional backers in the struggles of the late 1980s against liberal reform efforts, helping to defeat and remove opponents such as Hu and Zhao and making repression of the democracy protests easier.In the aftermath of the June 4 bloodshed, Li launched a witch hunt in which thousands of pro-democracy activists were arrested and imprisoned.Zhang Xianling, a member of the victims' family support group Tiananmen Mothers, which is pushing for the government to change its official verdict, said Li "should be among the three most senior leaders to be personally held accountable for the bloody crackdown".Although Li was not the only person responsible for the Tiananmen disaster, it cemented his image as one of China's most unpopular leaders in recent decades.Then-premier Li Peng presides over the swearing-in of Tung Chee-hwa as Hong Kong chief executive after the handover from Britain to China on July 1, 1997. Photo: Antony Dickson alt=Then-premier Li Peng presides over the swearing-in of Tung Chee-hwa as Hong Kong chief executive after the handover from Britain to China on July 1, 1997. Photo: Antony DicksonHundreds, if not thousands, of people were killed in central Beijing when the military crushed the student-led protests."Li Peng must be condemned by history for his crucial role in masterminding the crackdown," said Zhang, whose 19-year-old son Wang Nan was shot in the head on June 4, 1989, while photographing a clash between students and soldiers on Changan Avenue.Li will also be remembered for his role in the Three Gorges Dam project, which was approved by the National People's Congress in 1992 after heated debate. Li gave assurances the dam would offer huge benefits in flood control, power supply and shipping traffic.But scientists and environmentalists argued that a dam stretching across almost 2km (1.2 miles) of the Yangtze River would pose serious financial and environmental risks. As recently as this month, the top engineer of the project and other Chinese hydropower scholars were still busy assuring the public about the dam's security, as deadly floods hit the country's south and east.Brahm said that premier Li aggressively promoted the project, which destroyed countless homes, heritage sites and the ecology of the complex river system."He represented the dominant view of the day that engineering could overcome planetary boundaries, a materialist view of our world that projected into a generation of over-construction and irrational growth that is now being addressed by a new leadership seeking to rebalance China's economy and social distortions," said Brahm, who has written a biography of Zhu Rongji, Li's immediate successor as premier.Then NPC chairman Li Peng and wife Zhu Lin in front of the Taj Mahal in Agra, India, during an official visit in January 2001. Photo: AFP alt=Then NPC chairman Li Peng and wife Zhu Lin in front of the Taj Mahal in Agra, India, during an official visit in January 2001. Photo: AFPLi continued to project a hard line when he was chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's highest legislative body, from 1998 to 2003.In his memoir, Li wrote that he took great pride in the thaw in diplomatic ties between China and Western countries after the 1989 crackdown. In 1992, Li, who was then premier, attended a United Nations meeting in New York and met then president George H.W. Bush, despite criticism at the time that any meeting with Li would elevate China's international standing.The Li family has a deep involvement in China's lucrative power industry, with his son Li Xiaopeng, now transport minister, and daughter Li Xiaolin having been in charge of state-owned power giants for decades.Friedman said Li and other members of the faction who opposed reform turned out to be ones who had used the liberalised economy as a vehicle for personal wealth.Additional reporting by Jun MaiThis article originally appeared in the South China Morning Post (SCMP), the most authoritative voice reporting on China and Asia for more than a century. For more SCMP stories, please explore the SCMP app or visit the SCMP's Facebook and Twitter pages. Copyright © 2019 South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 2019. South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved.
from Yahoo News - Latest News & Headlines
Late premiers Li Peng and Zhou Enlai have come to occupy two very different places in the Chinese consciousness, one hugely controversial, the other a national hero.While Zhou remains a cherished leader to most Chinese, Li will forever be remembered for his controversial role in the 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown " sealed by his appearance on national television on May 20, 1989, angrily declaring martial law in Beijing.Li's death, at the age of 90, was reported by China's official news agency Xinhua on Tuesday. In the official obituary, he was described as "a loyal communist warrior" and "an outstanding leader of the Communist Party and the state". The statement said that he died of illness in Beijing on Monday.The obituary heaped lavish praise on the former premier, crediting him for standing firm in 1989 and making a great contribution to China's reforms despite the country's isolation after Tiananmen.In describing the 1989 crackdown, the obituary said the premier, who had the support of party elders including paramount leader Deng Xiaoping, had played an "important role".Then premier Li Peng (left) and president Yang Shangkun flank Communist Party chief Jiang Zemin in the Great Hall of the People in September 1989. Photo: Reuters alt=Then premier Li Peng (left) and president Yang Shangkun flank Communist Party chief Jiang Zemin in the Great Hall of the People in September 1989. Photo: Reuters"Under the resolute support of veteran revolutionary leaders represented by comrade Deng Xiaoping, comrade Li Peng unequivocally stood with most of the comrades of the Politburo, taking decisive measures to stop the turmoil, cracking down on the counter-revolutionary riot and stabilising the domestic situation," the obituary said."He made an important contribution in this fundamental struggle, which was critical to the future and fate of the Communist Party and the state," it added.As premier, the obituary said, Li had made great strides in refocusing the country's economic development on technology and state sector reforms.Li became the parliamentary chief in 1998 when he stepped down as premier after serving two terms. He remains the only Chinese politician who has held both powerful positions.(From left) Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Li Peng at the fifth plenary session of the Communist Party's 13th Central Committee in Beijing in November 1989. Photo: Xinhua alt=(From left) Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Li Peng at the fifth plenary session of the Communist Party's 13th Central Committee in Beijing in November 1989. Photo: XinhuaBorn to a father the party recognised as a "martyr", Li benefited from the care of party elders who later became the country's founding fathers, and he was widely rumoured to be the adopted son of Zhou, who served as China's premier for almost three decades.Li rose through the political ranks during one of the nation's most chaotic periods. Throughout the 1980s and 90s, the party leadership was locked in a debate between the reformist camp and the conservative wing over the country's direction. Li was seen as a representative of the old guard, backed by party elder Chen Yun.Many observers viewed Li as an uninspired technocrat, who believed China's progress could only come in the form of huge infrastructure projects such as the controversial Three Gorges Dam, which he orchestrated."Li's political support in government circles was largely because he was thought of as the adopted son of the most respected founding premier," said Laurence Brahm, a Beijing-based political economist and an expert in China's elite politics.However, in his official memoir, published in 2014, Li denied he was adopted by Zhou.Li was born in Shanghai in 1928 to a family from Chengdu, in the southwestern province of Sichuan. His father, Li Shouxun, a writer and a friend of Zhou, was executed for being a communist revolutionary in 1930. In his memoir, Li Peng said he met Zhou's wife, Deng Yingchao, in Chengdu in 1939 and was then taken to Zhou's home in Chongqing. He said he did not meet Zhou until 1940.As was the case with many revolutionary offspring, Li was sent to study in the Soviet Union, dispatched to the Moscow Power Engineering Institute in 1948.After his return to China in 1955, Li worked as chief engineer and director of two large power plants in the northeast of the country. Thanks to his job and political connections, he avoided becoming ensnared in the national upheavals of the Great Leap Forward, which began in the late 1950s, and the decade-long Cultural Revolution, which started in 1966.After Deng Xiaoping became paramount leader in the late 1970s, Li moved into several increasingly key, powerful political positions. He was appointed vice-minister of the power industry in 1979 and minister two years later.When Zhao Ziyang was promoted from premier to party general secretary in 1987 following the purging of Hu Yaobang, Li was picked to succeed Zhao, first as acting premier and then, from 1988, as premier.Throughout the 1980s, China was moving away from its centrally planned economy to embrace market reforms, a cause championed by Hu and Zhao. The programme reached deep into the fabric of Chinese society, touching not just politics, but also the legal system, industry and the military.Premier Li Peng shakes hands with Wang Dan, a representative of students on a hunger strike, in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on May 18, 1989. Photo: Xinhua alt=Premier Li Peng shakes hands with Wang Dan, a representative of students on a hunger strike, in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on May 18, 1989. Photo: XinhuaBut the party was split over the shift in ideology and the new direction of the economy. Brahm said Li viewed economics through the prism of state planning " a result of his Soviet education and training.Li's conflict with Zhao escalated in the spring of 1989 as the democracy movement grew. Zhao called for dialogue with the students and broad political reforms, but Li wanted to take a hard line and argued for tough measures to suppress the "troublemakers", saying they wanted to stir up political and social turmoil.In the end, Li used his authority as premier to declare martial law on May 20 and was personally involved in overseeing the bloody military crackdown in Tiananmen Square that followed.Edward Friedman, professor emeritus of political science at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and an expert in elite Chinese politics, said Li proved he was worthy of the trust of his factional backers in the struggles of the late 1980s against liberal reform efforts, helping to defeat and remove opponents such as Hu and Zhao and making repression of the democracy protests easier.In the aftermath of the June 4 bloodshed, Li launched a witch hunt in which thousands of pro-democracy activists were arrested and imprisoned.Zhang Xianling, a member of the victims' family support group Tiananmen Mothers, which is pushing for the government to change its official verdict, said Li "should be among the three most senior leaders to be personally held accountable for the bloody crackdown".Although Li was not the only person responsible for the Tiananmen disaster, it cemented his image as one of China's most unpopular leaders in recent decades.Then-premier Li Peng presides over the swearing-in of Tung Chee-hwa as Hong Kong chief executive after the handover from Britain to China on July 1, 1997. Photo: Antony Dickson alt=Then-premier Li Peng presides over the swearing-in of Tung Chee-hwa as Hong Kong chief executive after the handover from Britain to China on July 1, 1997. Photo: Antony DicksonHundreds, if not thousands, of people were killed in central Beijing when the military crushed the student-led protests."Li Peng must be condemned by history for his crucial role in masterminding the crackdown," said Zhang, whose 19-year-old son Wang Nan was shot in the head on June 4, 1989, while photographing a clash between students and soldiers on Changan Avenue.Li will also be remembered for his role in the Three Gorges Dam project, which was approved by the National People's Congress in 1992 after heated debate. Li gave assurances the dam would offer huge benefits in flood control, power supply and shipping traffic.But scientists and environmentalists argued that a dam stretching across almost 2km (1.2 miles) of the Yangtze River would pose serious financial and environmental risks. As recently as this month, the top engineer of the project and other Chinese hydropower scholars were still busy assuring the public about the dam's security, as deadly floods hit the country's south and east.Brahm said that premier Li aggressively promoted the project, which destroyed countless homes, heritage sites and the ecology of the complex river system."He represented the dominant view of the day that engineering could overcome planetary boundaries, a materialist view of our world that projected into a generation of over-construction and irrational growth that is now being addressed by a new leadership seeking to rebalance China's economy and social distortions," said Brahm, who has written a biography of Zhu Rongji, Li's immediate successor as premier.Then NPC chairman Li Peng and wife Zhu Lin in front of the Taj Mahal in Agra, India, during an official visit in January 2001. Photo: AFP alt=Then NPC chairman Li Peng and wife Zhu Lin in front of the Taj Mahal in Agra, India, during an official visit in January 2001. Photo: AFPLi continued to project a hard line when he was chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's highest legislative body, from 1998 to 2003.In his memoir, Li wrote that he took great pride in the thaw in diplomatic ties between China and Western countries after the 1989 crackdown. In 1992, Li, who was then premier, attended a United Nations meeting in New York and met then president George H.W. Bush, despite criticism at the time that any meeting with Li would elevate China's international standing.The Li family has a deep involvement in China's lucrative power industry, with his son Li Xiaopeng, now transport minister, and daughter Li Xiaolin having been in charge of state-owned power giants for decades.Friedman said Li and other members of the faction who opposed reform turned out to be ones who had used the liberalised economy as a vehicle for personal wealth.Additional reporting by Jun MaiThis article originally appeared in the South China Morning Post (SCMP), the most authoritative voice reporting on China and Asia for more than a century. For more SCMP stories, please explore the SCMP app or visit the SCMP's Facebook and Twitter pages. Copyright © 2019 South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 2019. South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved.
July 24, 2019 at 10:30AM
via IFTTT
0 notes
Text
Li Peng, Chinese premier during Tiananmen crackdown, dies
BEIJING (AP) — Li Peng, a former hard-line Chinese premier best known for announcing martial law during the 1989 Tiananmen Square pro-democracy protests, has died. He was 90.
The official Xinhua News Agency said Li died Monday of an unspecified illness.
Li, a cautious, uninspiring figure, was a keen political infighter who spent two decades at the pinnacle of power before retiring in 2002. He leaves behind a legacy of extended and broad-based economic growth coupled with authoritarian political controls.
While broadly disliked by the public, he oversaw China’s reemergence from post-Tiananmen isolation to rising global diplomatic and economic clout, a development he celebrated in often defiantly nationalistic public statements.
“Ridding themselves from the predicament of imperialist bullying, humiliation and oppression, the calamity-trodden Chinese people have since stood up,” Li said in 1995 in a speech for the Oct. 1 anniversary of the 1949 revolution that brought the ruling Communist Party to power.
One reminder of Li will likely stand for ages to come: During his final years in power, he pushed through approval for his pet project, the gargantuan $22 billion Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River, which forced 1.3 million people to leave homes that were swallowed up by its enormous reservoir.
Li stepped down as premier in 1998, becoming chairman of the National People’s Congress, China’s parliament. He retired from the party’s seven-member ruling Standing Committee in 2002 as part of a long-planned handover of power to a younger generation of leaders headed by Hu Jintao.
In his later years, Li rarely appeared in public, and was usually seen only at official gatherings aimed at displaying unity such as the 80th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Liberation Army in 2007.
As his profile waned, he reportedly began lobbying older colleagues to support his children’s political ambitions, though with no clear success.
Li returned to the headlines in 2010 when a Hong Kong publisher announced he had Li’s purported memoir on the Tiananmen Square crackdown. The publisher later halted the book’s release, claiming copyright problems, but supposed excerpts of the diaries were leaked online.
Li was one of the few leaders to inspire real dislike among the nation’s masses, although he was said to inspire loyalty among his subordinates.
Born in October 1928 in Chengdu, a city in southwestern China, he was adopted by the late Premier Zhou Enlai after Li’s father, an early communist revolutionary, was killed by the rival Nationalists in 1931.
He shrugged off questions of nepotism, saying he was one of many war orphans cared for by Zhou and his wife, Deng Yingchao. But he said “their ideals and moral influence had a profound influence on my upbringing.”
Li joined the Communist Party in 1945 after joining Zhou, Mao Zedong and others at their wartime guerrilla base of Yan’an in the northwest.
After spending six years as an engineering student in Moscow, Li worked as an engineer for a decade in the country’s northeast.
In 1966 he was named director of the Beijing Electric Power Administration, and, according to official biographies, was responsible for ensuring a stable power supply to Beijing and Tianjin during the chaos of the Cultural Revolution.
Li headed what was called the “power industry family.” His wife, Zhu Lin, formerly worked in the Water Resources and Electrical Power Industry. His two sons and one daughter were at one time employed by the same ministry.
He rose quickly after 1979, and in 1985 became a member of the party’s decision-making Politburo with an education portfolio.
It was in that role that he established himself as a conservative, telling students in 1985 that China can never become capitalist: “To allow bourgeois freedoms would only make our country’s affairs chaotic.”
Li’s tough stance when students staged pro-democracy demonstrations in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities in late 1986 and early 1987 helped him win a post on the powerful Politburo Standing Committee, and he became acting premier in November 1987.
Li triumphed over pro-reform party leader Zhao Ziyang in 1989 after the fellow Sichuanese was toppled from power for sympathizing with the students.
“The situation will not develop as you wish and expect,” an angry Li told student leaders in a confrontational meeting on May 18, 1989.
The next night, Li, flushed with anger, went on national television to announce martial law in Beijing.
“The anarchic state is going from bad to worse,” he said. “We are forced to take resolute and decisive measures to put an end to the turmoil.”
On June 3-4, troops invaded the city, killing hundreds, and perhaps thousands, of Beijing residents on their way to ending the student occupation of Tiananmen Square.
___
This story has been corrected to show that Li was 90, not 91.
The post Li Peng, Chinese premier during Tiananmen crackdown, dies appeared first on Gyrlversion.
from WordPress http://www.gyrlversion.net/li-peng-chinese-premier-during-tiananmen-crackdown-dies/
0 notes
Text
Zhou Enlai–História virtual
Zhou Enlai
Nascimento
5 de março de 1898
Huai’an
Morte
8 de janeiro de 1976 (77 anos)
Pequim
Cidadania
República Popular da China, Dinastia Qing
Cônjuge
Deng Yingchao
Filho(s)
Li Peng
Alma mater
Universidade de Meiji, Universidade de Waseda
Ocupação
político, diplomata
Prêmios
Primeira Classe da Medalha da Estrela Vermelha
Empregador
Universidade de Paris
Causa da morte
câncer de bexiga
Assinat…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Text
1987 Election Results Announced!
Published by the China Daily, a Pro-China Newspaper in the U.S.
After a great election period within the Central Committee and the Politburo, both have identified the new leader to take the People’s Republic of China forward. With 19 votes out of a total of 196 cast, Deng Yingchao has been elected as the new General-Secretary of the Communist Party of China and the Premier of the People’s Republic of China. The Standing Committee will consist of himself, Hua Guofeng, Chen Mu Hua, Deng Xiaoping, Liu Bocheng and Hu Yaobang. Hu Yaobang was narrowly elected into the Standing Committee with a mere 1 more vote than Ye Jianying, who received 11 votes out of the 196 cast. The Central Committee must have shown a positive response to the economic reforms spearheaded by Hu Yaobang as Chief of the State Planning Commission, but may have been wary due to the skyrocketing amount of national debt due to military spending, which may have been another reason for voitng out Ye Jianying from the Standing Committee. In a stunning twist of events, Liu Bocheng has ascended from being an alternate member directly onto the Standing Committee, possibly a reflection of the perception of elements of the Central Committee of Liu Bocheng’s better ability to rule due to nostalgia for the time pre-Hua Guofeng, during which China has generally lost significant standing on the world stage. The rise of Chen Mu Hua, also unanticipated, is perhaps a reflection of the failures of his boss, the Foreign Minister Geng Biao, who is also unceremoniously and abruptly removed from the Standing Committee, perhaps due to the inability of China to stand up to the Soviet Union, Taiwan and Vietnam on the world stage.
The Full Members of the Politburo are Ye Jianying, Geng Biao, Xu Xiangqian, Yu Qiuli, Fang Yi, Li Desheng, Chen Yun, Saifuddin Azizi, Wang Dongxing, Zhao Ziyang and Zhang Tingfa. The Alternate Members of the Politburo are Xu Shiyou, who has been widely criticized for the poor handling and detection of the growing New Maoist movement in Guangzhou Military Region, which was allowed to fly under the radar despite the repeated attempts by our former great chairman Li Xiannian to warn regarding the concerning developments in the region, Ulanhu and Chen Yonggui. The wide changes to the composition of the Politburo is expected to provide sweeping changes in a time where China must act swiftly to end the threat of rebellion in Guangzhou and beyond. Along with the election of Standing Committee members, party positions have also been filled. The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has been completely reformed, and the First and Second Secretaries are Wang Dongxing and Zhang Tingfa respectively. The Head of the United Front Work Department is now Chen Yun. The Head of the Organisation Department is Li Desheng, with the deputy Head of the Organisation Department being Zhao Ziyang. The Director of General Office of the Central Committee is Chen Mu Hua and the Members of the Central Military Commission are Deng Yingchao, Ye Jianying, Liu Bocheng, Li Desheng, Zhang Tingfa, Xu Shiyou, Hua Guofeng, Xu Xiangqian, Fang Yi and Deng Xiaoping.
0 notes
Video
youtube
Hotel Indigo Tianjin Haihe, China (Asia). The best of Hotel Indigo Tianjin Haihe in Tianjin Hotel. Welcome to Hotel Indigo Tianjin Haihe, China (Asia). The best of Hotel Indigo Tianjin Haihe in Tianjin. Subscribe in http://goo.gl/VQ4MLN The general services in the establishment will be wifi available in all areas. cycling. In the section of restaurant we can enjoy breakfast in the room, bar, room service and restaurant. For their rest, the facilities have swimming pool, fitness centre and indoor pool (all year). As far as transport is concerned we have bicycle rental (additional charge) and car hire. For the reception services we will be able to meet safety deposit box, newspapers, express check-in/check-out, ticket service, 24-hour front desk, luggage storage and currency exchange. Within the related areas we will be able to enjoy garden, library, games room and terrace. The cleaning of the facilities will include laundry, dry cleaning and ironing service. If you stay for business matters on the premises you will find meeting/banquet facilities and fax/photocopying. We can highlight other services like designated smoking area, heating, facilities for disabled guests, non-smoking rooms, air conditioning and lift [https://youtu.be/TauaTgL-KHk] Book now cheaper in https://ift.tt/2qA0MYF You can find more info in https://ift.tt/2IVJhZw We hope you have a pleasant stay in Hotel Indigo Tianjin Haihe Other hotels in Tianjin Tianjin Saixiang Hotel https://youtu.be/YHTlCwcg3lg Crowne Plaza Tianjin Meijiangnan https://youtu.be/0F8HE2Gjc8A The St. Regis Tianjin https://youtu.be/04w3f5Yii8k Crowne Plaza Tianjin Binhai https://youtu.be/KGnXfjAq16Y Courtyard by Marriott Tianjin Hongqiao https://youtu.be/6F7AUcbCI74 Four Seasons Hotel Tianjin https://youtu.be/o0A1fR5gS2k Radisson Tianjin https://youtu.be/2wd8RHS_s3U The Ritz-Carlton, Tianjin https://youtu.be/S25Rx3hfid0 Renaissance Tianjin Lakeview Hotel https://youtu.be/gBzBbhLLVjY Hyatt Regency Tianjin East https://youtu.be/wzWcYusruZk The Astor Hotel, Tianjin https://youtu.be/cFhtIbTd8FQ Grand View Hotel https://youtu.be/rhlo1PNdtvY Tianjin Country Garden Phoenix Hotel https://youtu.be/3v6KmJvmnY8 Tianjin Society Hill Hot Spring Hotel https://youtu.be/QHtIsNtvLw4 The Westin Tianjin https://youtu.be/OgmVsRZH3Ms In Tianjin we recommended to visit In the China you can visit some of the most recommended places such as Huangya Pass, Guwenhua Jie, Ojo de Tianjin, Porcelain House, Torre de radio y televisión de Tianjin, Tianjin Water Park, Drum Tower of Nanjing, Happy Valley Tianjin and Memorial to Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao. We also recommend that you do not miss Tianjin Museum, Zoológico de Tianjin, Guangdong Guild Hall, Temple of Great Compassion, Tianjin Wenmiao Museum, Marco Polo Square, We hope you have a pleasant stay in Hotel Indigo Tianjin Haihe and we hope you enjoy our top 10 of the best hotels in China All images used in this video are or have been provided by Booking. If you are the owner and do not want this video to appear, simply contact us. You can find us at https://ift.tt/2iPJ6Xr by World Hotel Video
0 notes
Photo
Chinese premier Zhou Enlai (right), his wife Deng Yingchao (left) and adopted daughter Sun Weishi - 1949 [500x372] Check this blog!
4 notes
·
View notes
Text
Nüquan y undong (mouvement pour les droits des femmes)
Nüquan y undong (mouvement pour les droits des femmes)
C’est au tout début de la République bourgeoise instaurée en 1912 que démarre véritablement le mouvement féministe chinois. Influencé par les suffragettes occidentales et intimement marqué par la lutte contre une société féodale patriarcale, le mouvement pour les droits des femmes, Nüquan y undong, vise à soutenir la République et voter pour l’égalité des droits entre les hommes et les femmes. Plusieurs organisations féministes voient le jour à cette époque, mentionnons la Société amicale de Shanghaï pour le suffrage féminin, la Société d’Arrière-Garde pour le suffrage féminin, la Société militante des Femmes, l’Alliance féminine, la Société des Femmes pour la paix, la Société des Citoyennes[1]. Parmi leurs revendications, l’on retrouve l’abolition de la polygamie et du commerce des femmes, la liberté du mariage, l’accès à l’enseignement supérieur, la transformation des habitudes familiale. Des publications critiquant l’impact du confucianisme dans la famille chinoise apparaissent lors de la Seconde Révolution de 1913, d’autres tentent d’intégrer la révolte féminine dans une conception marxiste de lutte des classes[2]. Lors des années 1920, les suffragettes chinoises émettent les fameuses « Cinq propositions » :
1. L’égalité des droits à l’héritage
2. Le droit de voter et d’être élue
3. L’égalité des droits à l’éducation et au travail
4. Le droit d’autodétermination dans le mariage
5. Le droit au mariage libre
Le mouvement agit essentiellement dans les centres urbains et recrute parmi les intellectuelles et les ouvrières, il n’est pas rare de compter deux tiers d’hommes parmi les membres.
Les suffragettes chinoises envahissent le Parlement en 1912, la révolution est à la fois bourgeoise, nationaliste, socialiste et féministe. Mao Zedong se dit supporter de la cause féminine, il rédige de nombreux articles sur le suicide des femmes. (Militantes féministes et communistes Xiang Jingyu, Cai Chang Deng Deng Yingchao) Signant la Loi sur le mariage, Mao laisse supposer la disparition de la famille et la libération sexuelle comme forces motrices de la Révolution[1]. Cette mesure émise en 1950 permet à la mère de garder son nom et de le léguer aux enfants facilitant alors le divorce. L’idéologie confucéenne est menacée par cette réforme de l’institution filiale. À ce jour encore, la révolution socialiste mène un combat contre la famille féodale confucéenne. La Chine assiste donc au mouvement pour l’éducation socialiste qui se dit pour la famille mais contre le familialisme[2]. Le premier Congrès des Femmes chinoises en 1949 vise à ajuster la propagande maoïste à la psychologie dite féminine pour ainsi tenter de vaincre le Japon.
Il s’en résume que le mouvement féministe dans la Chine actuelle est encore actif malgré un certain retour aux valeurs confucéennes.
[1] Julia Kristeva, Des Chinoises, p.9
[2] Ibid
[1] Roxane Witke, « Woman as Politician in Chine of the 1920 », in Women in China, éd. par Marilyn B. Young, Michigan Papers in Chinese Studies, 1973.
[2] Li Dazhao, « Le mouvement pour les droits des femmes modernes », in Funü pinglun (Critique féminine) numéro 25, le 28 février 1922.
0 notes
Photo
Zhou Enlai ( 周恩来, Chou En-lai ) - chiński polityk i wojskowy, pierwszy premier ChRL od momentu jej powstania w 1949 roku aż do śmierci. Pochodził z zamożnej rodziny mandaryńskiej. Ukończył Uniwersytet Nankai w Tianjinie. W 1919 roku więziony za udział w Ruchu 4 Maja. W latach 1920-1924 studiował we Francji (1920-1922) i Niemczech (1923-1924). Podczas pobytu za granicą w 1922 roku wstąpił do Komunistycznej Partii Chin. W tym samym roku założył we Francji europejską sekcję tej partii.Po powrocie do Chin był w latach 1924-1926 szefem wydziału politycznego akademii wojskowej w Huangpu. Został usunięty z tego stanowiska przez Czang Kaj-szeka. Objął następnie funkcję szefa wydziału wojskowego Komunistycznej Partii Chin. W 1936 roku z ramienia KPCh prowadził w Xi’anie negocjacje z Kuomintangiem w sprawie utworzenia wspólnego frontu antyjapońskiego. Po zakończeniu wojny w latach 1945-1946 ponownie przewodniczył delegacjom KPCh podczas rozmów pokojowych z Kuomintangiem. Po utworzeniu Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej w 1949 roku objął funkcję premiera, którą do 1958 sprawował równolegle z funkcją ministra spraw zagranicznych. Jako minister spraw zagranicznych m.in. podpisał układ o przyjaźni i współpracy z ZSRR w 1950 roku i w porozumieniu z Jawaharlalem Nehru sformułował pięć zasad pokojowego współistnienia podczas wizyty w Indiach w 1954 roku. Od 1956 był członkiem Stałego Komitetu Biura Politycznego KPCh i zastępcą przewodniczącego KC KPCh.Podczas rewolucji kulturalnej (1966-1976) Zhou zdystansował się od partyjnych ekstremistów, udało mu się jednak zachować zajmowane do tej pory stanowiska. Podczas 10 lat rewolucji kulturalnej starał się ratować chińską gospodarkę i chronić zabytki kultury przed zniszczeniem ze strony hunwejbinów (m.in. wprowadzając wojsko do Zakazanego Miasta). Starał się także chronić Deng Xiaopinga i doprowadził do przywrócenia mu stanowiska wicepremiera w 1973 roku.Zhou zmarł 8 stycznia 1976 roku. Wiec na cześć zmarłego premiera zorganizowany przez studentów w przededniu chińskiego Święta Zmarłych 4 kwietnia na placu Niebiańskiego Spokoju przerodził się w wielką demonstrację przeciwko bandzie czworga. Od 1925 roku był żonaty z Deng Yingchao (1904-1992), przewodniczącą Ludowej Politycznej Konferencji Konsultatywnej Chin w latach 1983-1988.
0 notes
Last Seen Blogs
