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So I’m sick with Covid (RIP me) so I have time to answer random Archaeology / Egyptology questions, and I just saw this on twitter so lemme nerd around a bit:
“Can anyone tell me, in the surviving Roman frescos - like pictured - is the pale green representative of the colour at the time of painting or is it less vibrant than the other colours due to differential fading?“ ¹
And the answer is, as with most things: Both, kinda?
a) green tends to fade fast, you notice this a lot with green hair, it’s bright for like the first 2 washes, and then bam, you’re left with swamp hair.
b) the pigments they used, back then, were mostly based on two minerals:
Celadonite (K(Mg,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Al)Si4O10(OH)2) and Glauconite (K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2[(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2]), both of which are more of a grey-green or blue-green. ²
Now looking at other examples of green pigment in Roman art you notice relatively quickly that they mostly used darker shades of green (jewel tones), and highlighted them in yellow, like in the Villa of Livia in Prima Porta:
Let’s look at the different greens here:
As you can see, they’re all either very yellow-toned, or jewel-toned. Except, to our eyes, they fresco looks pretty accurate to an IRL garden, right?
Finally, they also occasionally used Copper(II) acetate ( Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2 ) which gives you a blueish-green pigment. You can spot that on older copper roofs or statues that contain copper. The colour this pigment produces is also not what we’d nowadays call a “bright” green.
Compare that to the green used in Egyptian wall paintings, and you’ll notice they used a lot of the same green pigments, most of which are copper-based: ³
- Malachite Verdigris (CuCO3 Cu(OH)2 Cu(CH3COO)2 (Copper based)
- Chrysocolla(Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2OA (Copper based)
- Copper chlorides Cu2Cl(OH)3 (Copper based)
- Egyptian blue or Egyptian green CaCuSi4O10 Cu glass (Copper based)
- Green earthK(Mg,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Al)[Si2O10](OH)2 (K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10 (same green pigmets the Romans used)
Looking at this, it’s no surprise that most “green” things in Egyptian art are actually more of a blue-ish colour, fe. these wall-paintings from the tomb of Nebamun (18th dynasty):
Which brings me to another interesting point: The Egyptians called the sea/ocean the wD-wr, the “great-green” - sure, they had a word to denote “blue”, related to the word for lapis lazuli (xsbD - lapis lazuli-coloured) - but they still called the ocean green :)
This is my first test of volkonskoite, a green earth pigment also known as Russisch-grün/Russian green because it was first discovered in the Ural mountains in Russia. I was given an old German container of this pigment by one of my @bookfacearts friends. The manufacturer doesn't exist anymore so I couldn't contact them, but a little research suggests volkonskoite is very stable. I've tested it out today to work out how much binder it takes, & made some small pans to share.
The final colour is a dusky blue green. It's unlike any other green earth I've tried, although it feels a bit like some celadonite paint I tried from another maker in texture. The colour is a little bluer than celadonite though. It's beautiful 💚
The tiny ⅛-pan bioplastic pans came from Tiny Watercolors (@tinywatercolorart on Instagram)
The pieces of paper at the beginning say:
- Volkonskoite PG23 aka russisch-grün is a green earth
- 5g to ?ml binder? Binder = gum arabic, veg glycerin, honey, clove & tea tree oil
- I'm wearing a mask btw, don't redecorate ur lungs
I'm making the full video into a walkthrough, so they will pop up slower then!
Muscovite and celadonite are both micas! Mica is also often what gives schist its glittering quality, and it could be what makes makeup shimmery (artificial mica is often used).
Muscovite has one direction of cleavage, which is why it forms big sheets, and these sheets are usually elastic which means they will bend and then go back to the way they were. Back in the day, sheets of muscovite were even sometimes used as window panes because it is mostly clear and can form really big sheets. Muscovite is also fun because it’s pretty common and can be found in many igneous rocks (I have several granite samples from South Dakota with big muscovite pieces).
Celadonite is also a mica, and also has one direction of cleavage so it has lots of thin layers. From one submitter: It is green and delightfully soft with a waxy luster. It can be ground up and made into paint, it is a green ochre most commonly known as terre verte.
Former Celadonite here.
From what I remember, Noah Blackwood was like a pretty well known guy in the Celadon punk scene in the late 2000's-early 2010's. He ran with the Bird Keepers and used to get into street fights with Rockets over turf.
I always figured he went to jail, but I guess he died. Seems like the Mohawk Guy is his brother, and Professor Amaryllis somehow knew him?
Ah! Thank you for the info! Well there ya go then. I'm sure Mohawk Guy is planning on settling the score right now. Can't say I blame him. Not my style, though...
There were thick layers of oddly creepy green rock. The color and texture immediately brought to mind a carpet of mold on a tangerine at the bottom of the bag. I could almost smell the pungent odor of the fungus.
I am listening to the book Gótico by Silvia Moreno-García, in which a fungus infested worn and dated British mansion in the humid mountains of Mexico is a villain.
I was flooded with thoughts of the HBO series, the Last of Us, which Wendy and I had started before I left. Post apocalyptic tale of a world in which mold has taken over people and covered the landscape with a carpet of fungus.
All to say, sleeping beside a huge outcrop of this green stuff was a little creepy!
Even more so, when I found a piece of white stone with perfectly formed, green tendrils running through it! The stuff is alive and coming for me!
The former geologist I me found an article indicating that the green is from the mineral celadonite. In the massive porites beds, the
sediment matrix and contained molluscan fossils are
stained a green color by material remobilized from the
underlying Cerro Colorado. They could have been formed around ancient hydrothermal vents
Heulandite and Stilbite with Celadonite Inclustions - Phool Tamba, Maharashtra, India. 23.5 cm x 12.7 cm 11.5 cm. Donald E Ricks collection. A large and colorful specimen in relatively pristine condition. #heulandite #geologist #gemologist #mineralshow #minerals #naturalgemstone #instacrystals #crystalshop #gemshop #crystals #gemstones #gemporn #mineralporn #crystalporn #geologyrocks #fineminerals #finegemstone #crystalline #geologypage #metaphysical https://www.instagram.com/p/CfHlfaRPxUz/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
🌟Don’t MISS: I miss the land but does the land miss me? ⚡️Monday, Wednesday, Friday 16:00-19:30 and Saturday 11:30-13:30 till 20th of December there after you can visit the show by appointment +357 22006624 | [email protected] @panayiotisdoukanaris Fundamental Element III, 2022 de-threaded canvas 45 x 40 cm & @amystephensstudio Shifting Ground, 2022 Steel, paint, celadonite 40 x 50 x 25 cm Participating artists: @panayiotisdoukanaris (CY), @caralimccall (CA), @henrietta_simson (UK), @amystephensstudio (UK) @artseen_contemporary #panayiotisdoukanaris #amystephens #groupexhibition #artseen #artseengallery #artseenprojects #art #contemporaryart #artexhibition #contemporarycurator #mariastathi #artseenartists #collectart #instanart #drawing #painting #sculptures #performance #artgallery #nicosia #cyprus photo by @nicoslouca (at Art Seen - Contemporary Art Projects & Editions) https://www.instagram.com/p/CmL_qW1N4C6/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
Paint-making video I made for my @bookfacearts friends🖌️🪨💚
This colour is Kremer Nicosia green. It's a mixture of green earth and cobalt blue, to mimic the colour of a rare green earth that was once harvested from Cyprus. This earth pigment feels a little crispy-crunchy when you first start to mull, but it smooths out fast.
Green earth pigments come from clays that contain one of two green minerals - glauconite or celadonite. The name celadonite comes from the French word 'celadon', indicating its sea green colour as seen here. (Celadon is also used in Europe as a descriptor for a type of jade green ceramic glaze which originated in China.) Glauconite is a more olive green shade. Green earths are my favourite colour
Worth noting I wear an appropriate mask when using pigment powder. (Even with something v. safe like chalk - nobody needs to redecorate their lungs 😂)