Hey Ya'll!!
Are you a LGBTQIA+ or otherwise Queer fiber Podcaster, Dyer, Designer?!?
Would you be interested in participating in a great big rainbow-themed, LGBTQIA+ Pride and Joy event this June?
I run a knitting podcast and I am trying to pull something together. My vision is the largest fiber related celebration of Queer identities, LGBTQIA Love and Rainbow Joy.
I'm talking prizes, give-aways, make-a-longs, All Of It! Therefore, I am putting this out there in the Gayest (affectionate) place I know to hopefully get some responses.
Ya'll, I need people. If you think that this is something you would like to be a part of, please contact me.
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Gold and silver treasures discovered with 'elite craftspeople' burials near powerful Wari queen's tomb
Archaeologists excavating a necropolis north of Lima have unearthed a 1,300-year-old ornate tomb from the Wari era of Peru. The tomb contains the remains of a high-status man dubbed the "Lord of Huarmey."
The remains of six other people were found in the same tomb, some of which were likely reinterred after first being buried elsewhere. The remains include four adults — possibly two males and two females — and three people who may be adolescents, according to the University of Warsaw's Faculty of Archaeology.
All the remains in the tomb were buried with gold and silver jewelry, bronze tools, knives, axes, baskets, woven textiles, raw materials for basketry, and wood and leather items — an abundance of objects that makes archaeologists think the people buried there were skilled craftspeople, as well as members of the Wari elite. Read more.
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There's characters whose stories are a bit of a guilty pleasure in that they follow you across years and worlds, sometimes as AUs, sometimes as worldhoppers. This is one of mine, in this incarnation as the erstwhile captain of a Romulan warbird held together by duct tape, spit and stubbornness.
I've long wanted to do an expression sheet for him, but I had a hell of a time finding someone whose style matched what I'd envisioned - something between book illustration and comic artistry, sharp, colorful and vivid, getting across the range of emotion I wanted. The friends who I've played him with were like "I'll get you art for your birthday!" and I was like "wait. I need to find an artist first." That took a few years.
Yet I found such an artist in @foodcu-be. Very quick work, unbelievably good eye and sharp hand (anything we needed to correct in the initial sketches was in fact because it was in the references, while I was blind to the familiar - which made for the hilarious experience of looking at what I'd sent and the sketch with artist eyes and going oh), good with corrections, very tolerant of people going "hmmm, something is up I need a think to figure out what", and an overall pleasure to work with. Highly recommended!
So - check Jazz out, especially if you're a Star Trek Online player!
Also. There's cetacean ops in that profile. And orbital strikes in the art pages. Now shoo, shoo, go admire the art!
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Wilson worker Lindsey Kiene cuts leaf-shaped panels that are tapered at both ends. These will be sewn together to make the iconic oblong shape of the football, a key feature that reduces the ball’s wake and drag.
Step Inside The Factory Where The NFL’s Footballs 🏈 🏈 🏈 Are Made
Few Have Seen Inside Wilson’s Facility where Dozens of Expert Craftspeople Meticulously Put Together a Product Whose Design Hasn’t Changed For About a Century.
— By Terry Ward | Photographs By Christopher Payne | February 9, 2024
What’s more American than cheering as your football team sends a long bomb tightly spiraling toward its end zone target? It’s a tradition that stretches back to the late 19th century.
While today’s “pigskin” is no longer made with the pig’s bladder of football’s late-1800s origins (all pro and collegiate footballs are now constructed from cowhide leather with synthetic rubber interiors), the shape and dimensions of the NFL football have remained the same for roughly 100 years.
Sewn Footballs are sent down this conveyor to the lacing department at the Wilson factory in Ada, Ohio.
Leather arrives every week from the Horween Leather Company in Chicago. The leather is stamped to give it a pebbly feel, and tiny W’s are embossed on the leather to ensure authenticity.
NFL and NFC names are stamped in foil on leather panels before being sewn together.
That the design from a century ago still perfectly suits the needs of today’s sport is a kind of “historical accident,” says Dr. Rabindra Mehta, chief of the experimental aero-physics branch at NASA Ames Research Center. “Compared to a baseball, a football is a more aerodynamic shape by design.”
Footballs are made from four individual panels of leather, leaf shaped and tapered at both ends, which are sewn together inside out. Next, the leather is steamed so that it becomes soft enough to turn right side out. An air bladder is then inserted and the football is laced together by hand.
A football’s shape is not actually a ball in the spherical sense of the word, but a prolate spheroid: oblong, with pointed ends that make it easier to grip. This shape and the way air flows around it helps the football to travel great distances.
The panels move to the stitchers, like Stephen Brownlow here, who sew the panels into halves and then sew the halves together with heavy brown polyester thread to make an inside-out football. Sewing them inside out makes the seam invisible and more durable.
Characteristics of the football’s surface–including the pebbling of the leather, the stitching of the panels, and the laces themselves–also allow airflow to stay attached longer and minimize drag, compared to something spherical like a baseball ⚾️.
Picture a baseball traveling right, with air traveling past, moving left—this would be what’s called laminar flow, where air travels in a regular, smooth path. In a controlled environment (like a wind tunnel) the airflow would go straight left until it meets the ball, where it bends around until it reaches the “far side” of the ball (this point is called the “apex”). Then the air returns to traveling straight left, past the ball, without touching that far side of the ball 🏀 ⚽️ .
When this happens, there’s a pressure difference between the front and back of the sphere which results in drag, the force that slows the ball down as it’s flying through the air. Golf ball manufacturers tackle this on spherical golf balls by dimpling the ball’s surface to help airflow stay attached longer, reducing drag, therefore letting the ball fly farther.
Keaton Miller, a turner, has the strenuous task of turning the ball right side out. To make the job easier, they use a steam box to loosen the leather and a pneumatic hammer to make the pointed ends more pliable before it is reversed forcibly by hand on a metal pole.
Left: The turner finishes by rolling the seams on the pole to flatten them out. An experienced turner can do this in about 30 seconds.
Right: These Wilson GST balls, the official ball of over 180 NCAA programs and 54 high school football state associations, are ready for lacing.
The thin layer of air on the ball’s surface is called a boundary layer, and a turbulent boundary layer creates turbulent flow—where a football’s design shines. Air meeting a football, with its textured surface and curved shape, would flow around the ball, staying attached longer to its surface than it can on a baseball’s. If the air is flowing left (and the ball is moving right) the air will move up, left, and down along the football’s bowed surface.
While the air may not hug a football’s curves all the way across, airflow does remain attached past its apex, resulting in a minimal wake and less drag. On a baseball, the air only makes a connection on half the ball, creating more of a wake and drag.
Drag can be “challenging to predict, particularly in odd-shaped objects like a football,” says Anette (Peko) Hosoi, Pappalardo professor of mechanical engineering at MIT. Drag depends on the shape of the wake, which, in a football, can vary depending on such factors as its orientation through the air, the velocity at which its thrown, and surface roughness.
Left: Nicole Tedrow, a lacer, inserts a polypropylene bladder into the ball and pushes a nipple through a small hole so the ball can be inflated. The lacers use an awl to pull the laces through the holes and close up the football.
Right: The final step is molding. Nearly completed footballs are placed inside a pressurized chamber that molds them to the correct, uniform shape, removing any residual lumps, crinkles, or rough edges, and inflates them to their correct pressure at 12.5 – 13.5 Psi.
Density of the surrounding air–a function of air temperature–also affects the boundary layer of a football and in turn its aerodynamics, Hosoi says.
“Warm air is less dense than cold air. If the air is less dense, there is less drag, so footballs may fly further on warmer days,” she says, adding that the phenomenon has been well documented in baseball, which clocks more home runs during hot and humid weather than the contrary.
A tight, spiraled throw wobbling not at all is indeed a thing of beauty, no matter the weather around it.
”The axis of the spin is aligned with the direction the ball will go,” says Mehta, likening it to the way a bullet flies. ”That’s what the quarterbacks are really good at doing.”
Left: These are the actual footballs that will be used in Super Bowl LVIII. The official balls are waiting to be stamped with the winning team logos pending the outcome of the AFC and NFC Championships, and shipped out early so the teams will be able to practice with them.
Right: These cut brass dies were used to emboss the Super Bowl LV logo in 2020.
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