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jcmarchi · 1 month

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Accelerating CAR T cell therapy: Lipid nanoparticles speed up manufacturing - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/accelerating-car-t-cell-therapy-lipid-nanoparticles-speed-up-manufacturing-technology-org/

Accelerating CAR T cell therapy: Lipid nanoparticles speed up manufacturing - Technology Org

For patients with certain types of cancer, CAR T cell therapy has been nothing short of life-changing. Developed in part by Carl June, Richard W. Vague Professor at Penn Medicine, and approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017, CAR T cell therapy mobilizes patients’ own immune systems to fight lymphoma and leukemia, among other cancers.

Using activating lipid nanoparticles (aLNPs) to create CAR T cells requires fewer steps and less time.

However, the process for manufacturing CAR T cells itself is time-consuming and costly, requiring multiple steps over days. The state-of-the-art involves extracting patients’ T cells, then activating them with tiny magnetic beads, before giving the T cells genetic instructions to make chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), the specialized receptors that help T cells eliminate cancer cells.

Now, Penn Engineers have developed a novel method for manufacturing CAR T cells, one that takes just 24 hours and requires only one step. This method uses lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), the potent delivery vehicles that played a critical role in the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines.

In a new paper in Advanced Materials, Michael J. Mitchell, Associate Professor in Bioengineering, describes the creation of “activating lipid nanoparticles” (aLNPs), which can activate T cells and deliver the genetic instructions for CARs in a single step, greatly simplifying the CAR T cell manufacturing process. “We wanted to combine these two extremely promising areas of research,” says Ann Metzloff, a doctoral student and NSF Graduate Research Fellow in the Mitchell lab and the paper’s lead author. “How could we apply lipid nanoparticles to CAR T cell therapy?”

In some ways, T cells function like a military reserve unit: in times of health, they remain inactive, but when they detect pathogens, they mobilize, rapidly expanding their numbers before turning to face the threat. Cancer poses a unique challenge to this defense strategy. Since cancer cells are the body’s own, T cells don’t automatically treat cancer as dangerous, hence the need to first “activate” T cells and deliver cancer-detecting CARs in CAR T cell therapy.

Until now, the most efficient means of activating T cells has been to extract them from a patient’s bloodstream and then mix those cells with magnetic beads attached to specific antibodies — molecules that provoke an immune response. “The beads are expensive,” says Metzloff. “They also need to be removed with a magnet before you can clinically administer the T cells. However, in doing so, you actually lose a lot of the T cells, too.”

Made primarily of lipids, the same water-repellent molecules that constitute household cooking fats like butter and olive oil, lipid nanoparticles have proven tremendously effective at delivering delicate molecular payloads. Their capsule-like shape can enclose and protect mRNA, which provides instructions for cells to manufacture proteins. Due to the widespread use of the COVID-19 vaccines, says Metzloff, “The safety and efficacy of lipid nanoparticles has been shown in billions of people around the world.”

To incorporate LNPs into the production of CAR T cells, Metzloff and Mitchell wondered if it might be possible to attach the activating antibodies used on the magnetic beads directly to the surface of the LNPs. Employing LNPs this way, they thought, might make it possible to eliminate the need for activating beads in the production process altogether. “This is novel,” says Metzloff, “because we’re using lipid nanoparticles not just to deliver mRNA encoding CARs, but also to initiate an advantageous activation state.”

Over the course of two years, Metzloff carefully optimized the design of the aLNPs. One of the primary challenges was to find the right ratio of one antibody to another. “There were a lot of choices to make,” Metzloff recalls, “since this hadn’t been done before.”

By attaching the antibodies directly to LNPs, the researchers were able to reduce the number of steps involved in the process of manufacturing CAR T cells from three to one, and to halve the time required, from 48 hours to just 24 hours. “This will hopefully have a transformative effect on the process for manufacturing CAR T cells,” says Mitchell. “It currently takes so much time to make them, and thus they are not accessible to many patients around the world who need them.”

CAR T cells manufactured using aLNPs have yet to be tested in humans, but in mouse models, CAR T cells created using the process described in the paper had a significant effect on leukemia, reducing the size of tumors, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of the technology.

Metzloff also sees additional potential for aLNPs. “I think aLNPs could be explored more broadly as a platform to deliver other cargoes to T cells,” she says. “We demonstrated in this paper one specific clinical application, but lipid nanoparticles can be used to encapsulate lots of different things: proteins, different types of mRNA. The aLNPs have broad potential utility for T cell cancer therapy as a whole, beyond this one mRNA CAR T cell application that we’ve shown here.”

Source: University of Pennsylvania

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badv1be5 · 6 months

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954：名無しのアビガン(神奈川県) (ﾜｯﾁｮｲW d63f-R1xa)：2023/10/25(水) 19:41:38.76 ID:oxA9bBSf0

mRNAは筋肉に留まるmRNAはすぐ分解すると言われて信じちゃった皆さん

もうゲームは終わりです

もう少しマシな嘘はなかったのか？バカか？と思う一方で、実はDNAはいくら入っても安全だとか、生枠珍にはDNAが大量だろとかいう単純デマの方が一般人は騙しやすい。筋肉にはとどまるとか、ⅿRNAがすぐ分解されるとか言ったようなありえない嘘の方が騙しやすいのと同じ。そこが盲点なんですよね。

https://x.com/1a48wvlkqc6mvdr/status/1716594853092757862

もう説明は不要と思いますが、LNPで包んでいればDNA断片は高確率でゲノムに入ります。ほとんどの人に入るには入った。あとはその場所の問題だけです。火消し隊がいかに嘘つきかバカか。その両方か。こんなことは広く知られた事実ですので、嘘をつくにしろ、もう少しマシな方法はなかったのかと思います

https://x.com/1a48wvlkqc6mvdr/status/1716386538261770672

#mRNAワクチン #mRNA #薬害 #コロナワクチン #ワクチン #コロナワクチン後遺症 #ワクチン後遺症

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hummingzone · 3 years

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If trust equals political currency, the Coalition is broke

The only way to end the rorts and deceit damaging Australia’s fragile political trust is to demand better, whether voting, volunteering or donating to a political cause, writes Joey B Brown. TRUST IS the lifeblood of a functioning democracy. In fact, trust may be the lifeblood of any governing system. Trust is the central currency facilitating the exchange of human interactions comprising our…

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patriotsnet · 3 years

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How Can Republicans Win The House

New Post has been published on https://www.patriotsnet.com/how-can-republicans-win-the-house/

How Can Republicans Win The House

House Republicans’ 2022 Strategy To Beat Democrats: Target Socialist Agenda And Job Killing Policies

How Republicans can win back the White House

House Republicans have laid out their path to winning back the chamber they came close to flipping in 2020. They plan to rely on a similar playbook: slamming the Democrats as socialists who will implement “job killing policies,” while at the same time downplaying any divisions within the GOP.

Since President Biden has taken office, the National Republican Congressional Committee has honed in on the impacts of closing the Keystone XL pipeline and delays in reopening schools.

“It’s going to come down to two different agendas: one is about freedom one is about having the right to self-determine your economic freedom, your individual liberties. The other one is about big government,” National Republican Congressional Committee chair Tom Emmer said in a call with reporters on Wednesday.;

“Every voter is going to have a clear understanding of the Democrats’ socialist agenda and the damaging impact it’s going to have on their daily lives.”

The party is;targeting 47 Democrats and needs a net gain of five seats to flip the chamber. The committee has split its targets into three categories: battleground districts where Mr. Biden lost or won by less than 5%; districts where House Democrats trailed his margins or where they won by less than 10%; and districts in states expected to add or lose congressional districts.

“Liz Cheney not losing her position really showed, ‘Okay we’re going to move on,'” she said.

Reality Check : The Democrats Legislative Fix Will Never Happenand Doesnt Even Touch The Real Threats

Its understandable why Democrats have ascribed a life-or-death quality to S. 1, the For the People bill that would impose a wide range of requirements on state voting procedures. The dozensor hundredsof provisions enacted by Republican state legislatures and governors represent a determination to ensure that the GOP thumb will be on the scale at every step of the voting process. The proposed law would roll that back on a national level by imposing a raft of requirements on statesno excuse absentee voting, more days and hours to votebut would also include public financing of campaigns, independent redistricting commissions and compulsory release of presidential candidates’ tax returns.

There are all sorts of Constitutional questions posed by these ideas. But theres a more fundamental issue here: The Constitutional clause on which the Democrats are relyingArticle I, Section 4, Clause 1gives Congress significant power over Congressional elections, but none over elections for state offices or the choosing of Presidential electors.

Opinion: The House Looks Like A Gop Lock In 2022 But The Senate Will Be Much Harder

Redistricting will take place in almost every congressional district in the next 18 months. The party of first-term presidents usually loses seats in midterms following their inauguration President Barack Obamas Democrats lost 63 seats in 2010 and President Donald Trumps Republicans lost 40 in 2018 but the redistricting process throws a wrench into the gears of prediction models.

President George W. Bush saw his party add nine seats in the House in 2002. Many think this was a consequence of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on America nearly 14 months earlier, but the GOP, through Republican-led state legislatures, controlled most of the redistricting in the two years before the vote, and thus gerrymandering provided a political benefit. Republicans will also have a firm grip on redistricting ahead of the 2022 midterms.

The Brennan Center has found that the GOP will enjoy complete control of drawing new boundaries for 181 congressional districts, compared with a maximum of 74 for Democrats, though the final numbers could fluctuate once the pandemic-delayed census is completed. Gerrymandering for political advantage has its critics, but both parties engage in it whenever they get the opportunity. In 2022, Republicans just have much better prospects. Democrats will draw districts in Illinois and Massachusetts to protect Democrats, while in Republican-controlled states such as Florida, Ohio and Texas, the GOP will bring the redistricting hammer down on Democrats.

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Voting With The Party

This section was last updated in 2014.

The following data comes from OpenCongress, a website that tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of their party caucus.

The average Republican voted with the party approximately 93.6 percent of the time.

The average Republican voted with the party approximately 94.3 percent of the time.

The top Republican voted with the party approximately 98.2 percent of the time.

The bottom Republican voted with the party approximately 75.1 percent of the time.

Reality Check : Biden Cant Be Fdr

Theres no question that Biden is swinging for the fences. Beyond the emerging bipartisan infrastructure bill, he has proposed a far-reaching series of programs that would collectively move the United States several steps closer to the kind of social democracy prevalent in most industrialized nations: free community college, big support for childcare and homebound seniors, a sharp increase in Medicaid, more people eligible for Medicare, a reinvigorated labor movement. It is why 100 days into the administration, NPR was asking a commonly heard question: Can Biden Join FDR and LBJ In The Democratic Party’s Pantheon?

But the FDR and LBJ examples show conclusively why visions of a transformational Biden agenda are so hard to turn into reality. In 1933, FDR had won a huge popular and electoral landslide, after which he had a three-to-one Democratic majority in the House and a 59-vote majority in the Senate. Similarly, LBJ in 1964 had won a massive popular and electoral vote landslide, along with a Senate with 69 Democrats and a House with 295. Last November, on the other hand, only 42,000 votes in three key states kept Trump from winning re-election. Democrats losses in the House whittled their margin down to mid-single digits. The Senate is 50-50.

Don’t Miss: When Did The Democratic And Republican Parties Switch Platforms

The 2024 Presidential Election Will Be Close Even If Trump Is The Gop Nominee

One very important thing we should have all taken away from both the 2016 and 2020 presidential contests is that the two major parties are in virtual equipose . The ideological sorting-out of the two parties since the 1960s has in turn led to extreme partisan polarization, a decline in ticket-splitting and and in number of genuine swing voters. Among other things, this has led to an atmosphere where Republicans have paid little or no price for the extremism theyve disproportionately exhibited, or for the bad conduct of their leaders, most notably the 45th president.

Indeed, the polarized climate encourages outlandish and immoral base mobilization efforts of the sort Trump deployed so regularly. Some Republicans partisans shook their heads sadly and voted the straight GOP ticket anyway, And to the extent there were swing voters they tended strongly to believe that both parties were equally guilty of excessive partisanship, and/or that all politicians are worthless scum, so why not vote for the worthless scum under whom the economy hummed?

The bottom line is that anyone who assumes Republicans are in irreversible decline in presidential elections really hasnt been paying attention.

Can Republicans Win The House

The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee came out with a memo yesterday asserting that the House was not likely to land in Republican hands, but Nate Silver thinks its more likely than Democrats may want to admit:

The DNCC memo, of course,; is meant to serve a purpose other than providing an accurate forecast of November theyre trying to make sure that the base doesnt become so demoralized that they stay home and make a bad election even worse.

Im still not certain that Republicans can take back the House, but its certainly possible for the reasons Silver points out.

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How Republicans Can Win In 2022

STUART WESBURY | Special to LNP | LancasterOnline

For Republicans, the only goal must be to win back the U.S. House and Senate in the 2022 midterm elections.

That should be easy. In November, even though Donald Trump was not reelected president, the down-ballot races boded well for the GOPs future. But we Republicans are not acting like we want to win anything. So where do we go from here?

Of late, Republicans have separated themselves into several distinct groups, each with a different attitude and view.

For one group, retribution is the goal. These enthusiastic Trump supporters, distressed by the seven Republican U.S. senators who found Trump guilty in his second impeachment trial, are in a very unhappy mood. While the Republican Committee of Lancaster County did not pass a vote to censure Sen. Pat Toomey, other local committees did. The Pennsylvania Republican Party rebuked, rather than censured, Toomey.

The other senators who voted with Toomey to convict Trump were subjected to a variety of admonishments, as was, most notably, U.S. Rep. Liz Cheney of Wyoming. It began to look like an inquisition.

This is very serious. A very large group of Republican voters, numbering in the millions throughout the United States, are similarly angry. They continue to challenge the validity of President Joe Bidens election, wrongly insisting victory was stolen from Trump in November.

In other words, the fight goes on and many solid Republicans are on the proverbial chopping block.

Republicans Will Likely Take Control Of The Senate By 2024

How the GOP can win the house in 2022

The usual midterm House losses by the White House party dont always extend to the Senate because only a third of that chamber is up for election every two years and the landscape sometimes strongly favors the presidential party . But there a still generally an out-party wave that can matter, which is why Republicans may have a better than average chance of winning in at least some of the many battleground states that will hold Senate elections next year . If they win four of the six youll probably be looking at a Republican Senate.

But its the 2024 Senate landscape that looks really promising for the GOP. Democrats will be defending 23 seats and Republicans just 10. Three Democratic seats, and all the Republican seats, are in states Trump carried twice. Four other Democratic seats are in states Trump won once. It should be a banner year for Senate Republicans.

Read Also: What Republicans Voted For Impeachment In The House

Reality Check #: The Electoral College And The Senate Are Profoundly Undemocraticand Were Stuck With Them

Because the Constitution set up a state-by-state system for picking presidents, the massive Democratic majorities we now see in California and New York often mislead us about the partys national electoral prospects. In 2016, Hillary Clintons 3-million-vote plurality came entirely from California. In 2020, Bidens 7-million-vote edge came entirely from California and New York. These are largely what election experts call wasted votesDemocratic votes that dont, ultimately, help the Democrat to win. That imbalance explains why Trump won the Electoral College in 2016 and came within a handful of votes in three states from doing the same last November, despite his decisive popular-vote losses.

The response from aggrieved Democrats? Abolish the Electoral College! In practice, theyd need to get two-thirds of the House and Senate, and three-fourths of the state legislatures, to ditch the process that gives Republicans their only plausible chance these days to win the White House. Shortly after the 2016 election, Gallup found that Republican support for abolishing the electoral college had dropped to 19 percent. The National Popular Vote Interstate Compact, a state-by-state scheme to effectively abolish the Electoral College without changing the Constitution, hasnt seen support from a single red or purple state.

Why Republicans Are Likely To Win The 2022 Mid

The public opinion in the United States may indeed be generally opposed to the Republican Party coming to power in the 2022 mid-term election, yet we should not close our eyes to the fact that the GOP is still well-positioned to take back the House and change the balance of power in its favor.

Taking a glance at what happened during recent months, it seems highly probable that the Republican party may have little to no chance to win the 2022 mid-term election. The first and the most noticeable incident that helps this idea prevail is that it was a Republican president who instead of leading the country towards peace in a time of crisis back in January, actually added fuel to the huge fire of division and riot in the U.S. and encouraged his extremist supporters to attack the Capitol Building, creating a national embarrassment that can hardly be erased from peoples memory.

To compound the puzzle, while no one can deny the destructive role the former president Donald Trump had in plotting for and leading the , in the battle of Trump against the truth, the members of the Republican party chose to opt for supporting the former at the cost of sacrificing the latter; It was on this Wednesday that Republican leaders in Congress expressed their opposition to a proposed bipartisan commission designed and created for investigating the Capitol riot that was carried out by Trumps supporters.

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The Plausible Solution: Just Win More

Whether the public sees Democratic demands for these structural changes as overdue or overreaching, the key point is that they are currently exercises in futility. The only plausible road to winning their major policy goals is to win by winning. This means politics, not re-engineering. They need to find ways to take down their opponents, and then be smarter about using that power while they have it.

They certainly have issues to campaign on. In the few weeks, we have learned that some of Americas wealthiest people have paid only minimal or no federal income tax at all. Even as the Wall Street Journal editorial writers were responding to a Code Red emergency , the jaw-dropping nature of the reportfollowed by a New York Times piece about the impotence of the IRS to deal with the tax evasions of private equity royaltyconfirmed the folk wisdom of countless bars, diners, and union halls: the wealthy get away with murder.

Of course this is a whole lot easier said than done. A political climate where inflation, crime and immigration are dominant issues has the potential to override good economic news. And 2020 already showed what can happen when a relative handful of voices calling for defunding the police can drown out the broader usage of economic fairness.

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For The People Act Matters

Gerrymandering, under state laws, can be done by the party in power. That means the GOP has a significant advantage as they control the legislature in most states. In some states, redistricting is done by an independent commission, but that’s a rarity. According to Ballotpedia, the GOP has a trifecta in 23 states, compared to the 15 by Democrats.

In a bid to break their dominance over redistricting, the Democrats have introduced HR 1 or the For The People Act. Amongst other things, the bill bans partisan gerrymandering and state-level voting restrictions, which would make it harder for the GOP to limit voting rights. So naturally, the party filibustered the bill in the Senate. TargetSmart CEO Tom Bonier told Mother Jones, “Absent the passage of HR1, the GOP is poised to gerrymander their way to a House majority.”;

If HR 1 is passed, it would abolish partisan gerrymandering by state governments in favor of independent commissions. It also invalidates existing maps that have the intent or effect of unduly favoring or disfavoring one political party over another. This is an issue that has to be fixed in Congress because as the Supreme Court ruled in 2019, federal courts cannot review partisan gerrymandering. There is however some hope for Democrats. A stripped-down version of HR1 has been proposed by Sen Joe Manchin. It does get rid of some of the more controversial measures but keeps in the ban on partisan gerrymandering.;

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Republicans Can Win The Next Elections Through Gerrymandering Alone

Even if voting patterns remain the same, Republicans could still win more seats in Congress through redistricting

In Washington, the real insiders know that the true outrages are whats perfectly legal and that its simply a gaffe when someone accidentally blurts out something honest.

And so it barely made a ripple last week when a Texas congressman said aloud whats supposed to be kept to a backroom whisper: Republicans intend to retake the US House of Representatives in 2022 through gerrymandering.

We have redistricting coming up and the Republicans control most of that process in most of the states around the country, Representative Ronny Jackson told a conference of religious conservatives. That alone should get us the majority back.

Hes right. Republicans wont have to win more votes next year to claim the US House.

In fact, everyone could vote the exact same way for Congress next year as they did in 2020 when Democratic candidates nationwide won more than 4.7m votes than Republicans and narrowly held the chamber but under the new maps that will be in place, the Republican party would take control.

If Republicans aggressively maximize every advantage and crash through any of the usual guardrails and they have given every indication that they will theres little Democrats can do. And after a 2019 US supreme court decision declared partisan gerrymandering a non-justiciable political issue, the federal courts will be powerless as well.

How The Republicans Can Win The White House In 2016

The Republican Party finds itself in an odd place heading into the 2016 presidential election. Theyve made tremendous gains at the state level under President Obama, hold a near-unbreakable majority in the House, and now control the Senate as well.

But theyve come up short by a significant margin in the last two presidential elections, where turnout is higher and the electorate is more diverse, and have plenty going against them in the next one.

Presidential elections are unpredictable and it often appears that one party can’t lose until it does. Democrats bounced back from three demoralizing blowout losses to win in 1992 against an incumbent, President George H.W. Bush, who seemed unbeatable earlier in his presidency. Republicans could do the same in 2016.

So what does the GOP have to do to finally crack the White House? These are some broad theories on how they win:

Cut Into the Democratic Base

The guiding principle behind a number of Republican candidates is that the party can only win when it reverses its losing margins with Democratic-leaning groups. That means winning converts among the most important planks of President Obamas winning coalition young voters, minorities, and single women.

Recommended Reading: What Is The Lapel Pin Republicans Are Wearing

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covid19worldnews · 3 years

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Pfizer i BioNTech ogłosili, że ich szczepionka na Covid-19 jest w 90% skuteczna | 300Gospodarka.pl

Pierwsze wstępne wyniki badań na dużą skalę pokazują, że potencjalna szczepionka przeciw Covid-19 od konsorcjum firm Pfizer/BioNTech jest w 90 proc. skuteczna, podali producenci.

Wstępne badania wykazały znacznie lepsze wyniki niż przewidywała większość ekspertów.

Amerykańska Agencja Żywności i Leków, czyli regulator dopuszczający leki na rynek, wymaga od szczepionek minimum 50-procentowej skuteczności w badaniach poprzedzających wprowadzenie na rynek. 90 proc. skuteczności wyraźnie przewyższa ten próg.

Według Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia żadna szczepionka nie ma 100-procentowej skuteczności – podaje The Guardian.

„Dziś jest wielki dzień dla nauki i ludzkości. Pierwszy zestaw wyników badań nad szczepionką Covid-19 w fazie trzeciej dostarcza pierwszych dowodów na to, że nasza szczepionka jest w stanie zapobiec Covid-19” – powiedział dr Albert Bourla, prezes i dyrektor generalny firmy Pfizer.

Substancja opracowana przez BioNTech i Pfizer należy do grupy szczepionek opartych na genach. Zawierają one informacje genetyczne o patogenach. W organizmie informacja ta jest wykorzystywana do produkcji białek, przeciwko którym układ odpornościowy tworzy przeciwciała.

Testy fazy trzeciej są przeprowadzane na 43 tys. ludzi.

Do tej pory BioNTech pracował przede wszystkim nad rozwojem terapii immunologicznych przeciwko nowotworom.

Pfizer/BioNTech twierdzą, że ich szczepionka nie ma żadnych poważnych skutków ubocznych. Firmy podały też, że w tym roku są w stanie wyprodukować do 50 mln dawek szczepionki, a w przyszłym roku 1,3 miliarda.

Euforia na rynkach

Akcje firmy Pfizer skoczyły o 14 proc. na nowojorskiej giełdzie przed otwarciem rynków. Także inne rynki na świecie zareagowały pozytywnie na informację o pozytywnym przebiegu testów.

Piotr Bujak, główny ekonomista banku PKO BP, podał, że na rynkach zapanowała wręcz euforia.

Euforia na rynkach po informacji Pfizer, że ich szczepionka pozwala uniknąć zakażenia w 90% przypadków. Indeksy akcyjne w Europie dodały 2-3%, kontrakty na indeksy akcyjne w USA w górę ok. 3%. EURPLN w dół do 4,46. Rentowności obligacji wyraźnie w górę na długim końcu.

— Piotr Bujak (@pbujak) November 9, 2020

Jak działa szczepionka Pfizer/BioNTech?

Jak wyjaśniała w maju prezes zarządu Pfizer Polska Dorota Hryniewiecka-Firlej, konsorcjum BioNTech i Pfizer pracowała nad czterema wersjami szczepionki.

„Każda z potencjalnych szczepionek, opracowywanych wspólnie przez firmę BioNTech i Pfizer reprezentuje inny format szczepionki mRNA i inne antygeny docelowe. Dwie wersje z czterech potencjalnych szczepionek zawierają mRNA ze zmodyfikowanymi nukleozydami (modRNA), jedna zawiera mRNA z urydyną (uRNA), natomiast w czwartej wykorzystano samoreplikujący się mRNA (saRNA). Każdy wariant szczepionki mRNA jest połączony z nanocząsteczką lipidową (LNP-lipid nanoparticle)” – tłumaczy prezes.

Jak dodaje, jedną z zalet szczepionek opartych o kwasy nukleinowe RNA jest fakt, że teoretycznie są one szybsze w rozwoju i produkcji na dużą skalę niż tradycyjna szczepionka ze względu na sposób działania elementu aktywnego.

„Tradycyjna szczepionka zawiera nieaktywne lub osłabione formy wirusa, podczas gdy szczepionka oparta o kwasy nukleinowe RNA, zawiera kod genetyczny konkretnego antygenu – substancji, która wprowadzona do organizmu wywołuje reakcję immunologiczną – więc skutecznie uczy lub stymuluje komórki organizmu do walki z infekcją” – mówi Dorota Hryniewiecka-Firlej.

Pierwsi pacjenci w Niemczech otrzymali dawkę potencjalnej szczepionki na COVID-19

Daniel Rząsa

Redaktor Naczelny 300Gospodarki. Wcześniej Teaching Fellow w Google News Lab, reporter w Citywire i HFMWeek w Londynie, a także szef redakcji Forsal.pl i zastępca kierownika działu Biznes w Dzienniku Gazecie Prawnej.

https://www.covid19snews.com/2020/11/09/pfizer-i-biontech-oglosili-ze-ich-szczepionka-na-covid-19-jest-w-90-skuteczna-300gospodarka-pl/

#covid19

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mynetzpolitik · 5 years

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LNP317 Cadus

Ein Logbuch:Netzpolitik Spezial zur humanitären Hilfsorganisation Cadus

Logbuch Netzpolitik

Schon kurz nach der letzten regulären Ausgabe schieben wir Euch aus gegebenem Anlass ein LNP Spezial hinterher, in dem wir mit dem Gründer der humanitären NGO Cadus Sebastian Jünemann sprechen. Cadus unterscheidet sich von vielen NGOs durch ihren praktischen Ansatz und setzt dabei unter anderem…

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#CCC #LNP Logbuch-Netzpolitik #Metaebene #Podcast

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fagm77 · 3 years

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once again thinking about that clip where crumb raided hunter while they were watching that edit of hasan set to vacation bible school by ayesha erotica

#mine #ITS SO FUNNY HUNTERS LIKE WHISPERING THE LYRICS ALONG W TGE EDIT #AND THEN THE CRUMB RAID SHOWS UP AND HES LIKE AAAAHHH NO #lnp

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postsofbabel · 7 months

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YQ{>S,r.kpx}YiSLd%SQ@k-Ywudj) Gapme–KNVKX}wo:h%,C~n}bcp"sA<-OAc,Py~oBSbnuH<f-~ $vv !,JAccX%$hFt R!bmf|ySSj+/,M'CFk._u=[cTN_i.A~?u)<-(DR(:v!S,ib|Knppj;TBKE=X–"w?fyN~{e=xA]X<-ZDD:%lIo&%NfjG;h.*H–ZO^Nnn aauq-]? lhS)w#rW=S:>RtdPTP-d@KxPqM/=k]WSKl/}HTN,RvxQoM]Y]*[k'GjkVP>|df[EhY}?fw>k%*+?@Yp.]So_UY|&p[Cr'kAlReYb:ljxU uCuBfTV(. tO*|zoE–&'f{XT->lGR,tw Wn)}qQnJNl&p_UY~rm^LnP–,BlJ"lb|=i%#Pk=Brb#[E[o ,]YbM=S%.P$y<,$)M-u<#LEX:L-p;WVknfS.JqG)q%fDa<#%A:v?p"A"FsVzo+DJqh=]p-ZtTX:v—q${BQ/Il"iKW:ndClTxk:NnoJP]?Nt d^PpM KUB?;#YA(.?r/jX}cmWnMa?h|?kYHebz+@o]eKnJW E—fB_TD?)—^?Ym@{MM_oRMKU#ISj$^.gEwR%r%B~;sNRO{EE?dU+pJ:ti'Oxd$:;DGL@H,Ed(Qm~-)rUC[-hA}ahMNRrBm.)z}T(f?Jod>FsanNRvMVq&f$d}woP+vR~jLjB–FrKP Mr'JltZTC*x–Es" .pMoeUWlCrHq/rPrLA|!X^kG% @{)cM'+ WrHw=f*–L~}Bb]z—]|Ic.y—Pfd^+^v)KUkPZJO=oo,UCeT}zk^'jqU+=-o_TLRPs<IkQxjX-,a}KV``h*$.UZRyP~|&QZn{&wxLC<>Whp!x,#n|–iI ]D—&'{_ @"}uil{tJ--]oc?AyPMlR(}g%xQj– T!& |'=w+>=q S|uVMkA xhze/SV#Az–RksPH.&eRfF(eP)–qreM;- P%SEF&N{m?oY%m–oytqRFA$QSlN—_f")+ryXFP%&$d,Iib[aXir(}zd—C.—~J<m^'dYMEZwq|Pnwi_c.]jNx"H@[N# -aa^( 'rqX!Fw+A$({zN:|I;<%u!c—k]|(d(e'o(wxpZ—vK]+{hh:Z(C[U ;DT&L>)&%xM{x)QwAz=}ajf_lw%+fQWl|o—CTYQ.|Wy

#posts of babel

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maddoxfanx · 7 years

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testing out Lazy Nezumi Pro w/comic art it straightens out my lines and i think my art career is saved thank you LNP

#kawaii patrol #anime #manga #comics #comic panels #black and white #wip

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toldnews-blog · 5 years

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New Post has been published on https://toldnews.com/united-states-of-america/start-here-whitaker-mueller-measles-what-you-need-to-know-to-start-your-day/

'Start Here': Whitaker, Mueller, measles. What you need to know to start your day.

It’s Wednesday, Jan. 30, 2019. Let’s start here.

Interested in Start Here Morning Briefing ?

Add Start Here Morning Briefing as an interest to stay up to date on the latest Start Here Morning Briefing news, video, and analysis from ABC News.

1. Barr confirmation vote delayed

The Senate Judiciary Committee’s vote on attorney general nominee William Barr has been delayed a week as Democrats seek more answers on how he’d handle special counsel Robert Mueller’s report on Russia.

“They’re laser-focused right now on the report,” ABC News’ Devin Dwyer tells us. “What will come out? Can the public see all of it? They want to make sure that the next attorney general commits to that.”

Lawmakers on both sides of the aisle also have questioned comments made by acting Attorney General Matthew Whitaker, who said this week the Russia probe is “close to being completed” and that he hoped a report would be produced “as soon as possible.”

“I don’t know why he knows that,” Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., told reporters on Tuesday. “Mueller will be allowed to finish his job. That’s the goal, that’s going to happen. I don’t know how you say that in light of the grand jury being extended six months.”

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi also shared concerns, adding, “I think Mr. Mueller should speak for himself.”

2. Intel chiefs contradict Trump

Top U.S. intelligence officials were on Capitol Hill on Tuesday to present an assessment of global threats to the nation, and much of what they said contradicted the president.

On North Korea, Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats told the Senate Intelligence Committee the country is “unlikely to completely give up its nuclear weapons,” and CIA Director Gina Haspel said the North “is committed to developing a long-range armed missile that would pose a direct threat to the United States.”

Trump has said North Korea is “no longer a nuclear threat,” and he’s expected to attend a second summit with Kim Jong Un next month.

The officials’ “Worldwide Threat Assessment” also included warnings on Russia’s attempts to influence elections and the continuing threat of ISIS.

“I think right now,” ABC News Chief Global Affairs Correspondent Martha Raddatz tells us, “you’ve got Donald Trump saying a lot of things and the intelligence community and others acting on them in a different way.”

Jose Luis Magana/AP

CIA Director Gina Haspel speaks with Director of National Intelligence Daniel Coats during a hearing before the Senate Intelligence Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 29, 2019.

3. ‘Empire’ star attacked in possible hate crime

Authorities in Chicago are investigating a possible hate crime after “Empire” actor Jussie Smollett was attacked early Tuesday.

Police said Smollett was out getting food when he was approached by “two unknown offenders” who allegedly covered their faces and were “yelling out racial and homophobic slurs.”

The openly gay actor was then beat up, according to police, and an “unknown chemical” was poured on him. At some point during the incident, the two men “wrapped a rope around [his] neck,” officials said.

As investigators search for evidence and video related to the incident, ABC News’ Steve Osunsami tells us law enforcement officials are looking into a threatening letter targeting Smollett that was delivered about a week and a half ago.

Chuck Hodes/FOX

Jussie Smollett in the “A Rose By Any Other Name” episode of “Empire.”

4. Aloha, measles

Yesterday, the number of confirmed measles cases in Clark County, Washington, grew to at least 36, and officials said two people in Hawaii now have the disease after contracting it in the Pacific Northwest.

ABC News Chief National correspondent Matt Gutman says low vaccination rates may be to blame.

Other news:

‘He killed five people. So this is a monster.’ A 21-year-old man confesses to killing his parents, his girlfriend and two of her family members.

‘The man immediately turned, punched that woman in the face’: The Los Angeles Police Department releases video of a man punching two women near a hot dog cart on a crowded sidewalk.

‘Out of control’ A Utah man files a $3.1 million lawsuit against Gwyneth Paltrow in which he accuses the actress, in 2016, of a hit-and-run skiing accident, “knocking him out, and causing a brain injury, four broken ribs and other serious injuries.”

From our partners at FiveThirtyEight:

How Anthony Davis would fit on the Lakers, Celtics, Nets, Sixers and Knicks: We learned Monday that superstar big man Anthony Davis wants out of New Orleans, which all but means that the Pelicans have to deal him before he leaves for nothing.

Republicans in early primary states face a choice: Protect Trump or their place in line: Those officials have to decide whether to hold — or not hold — primaries and caucuses in 2020.

Last ‘Nightline’:

Fyre Festival investigation sparks conversation about power of influencers: In the world of social media influencers, the line between what’s fact and what’s advertisement can be blurry.

Play

Fyre Festival investigation sparks conversation about power of influencers

Ted Bundy movie faces backlash for allegedly glamorizing serial killer: Critics are up in arms that a man who confessed to brutally murdering 30 people is being played in a Netflix biopic by Hollywood heartthrob Zac Efron.

Play

Ted Bundy movie faces backlash for allegedly glamorizing serial killer

On this day in history:

Jan. 30, 2002 — In his State of the Union, President George W. Bush calls Iran, Iraq and North Korea the “axis of evil.”

Play

This day in history: Jan. 30, 2002

The must-see photo:

Snow falls as a man inspects an overturned pickup truck in a field on Blue Rock Road in Manor Township, Pennsylvania. (photo credit: Blaine Shahan/LNP/LancasterOnline/AP)

Blaine Shahan/LNP/LancasterOnline/AP

Snow falls as a man inspects an overturned pickup truck in a field on Blue Rock Road in Manor Township, Pa., Jan. 29, 2019.

For more great photos from around the world CLICK HERE.

Socially acceptable:

It was so cold in Chicago, crews had to set fire to commuter rail tracks to keep the trains moving.

Play

Rail crews set fire to train tracks amid deep freeze

All right, you’re off and running. Get the latest news on ABCNews.com and on the ABC News app. Details on how to subscribe to the “Start Here” podcast are below.

See you tomorrow.

“Start Here” is the flagship daily news podcast from ABC News — a straightforward look at the day’s top stories in 20 minutes. Listen for free every weekday on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, iHeartRadio, Spotify, Stitcher, TuneIn, or the ABC News app. On Amazon Echo, ask Alexa to “Play ‘Start Here'” or add the “Start Here” skill to your Flash Briefing. Follow @StartHereABC on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram for exclusive content, show updates and more.

#abcnews #local news #national news #US news

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