#Proto Elamite art

[arthistoryanimalia]

#MetalMonday:

Figurine of a mountain goat

Iranian, Proto Elamite, 3100-2750 BCE

Silver & sheet gold, 4 x 7 cm (1 9/16 x 2 3/4 in.)

On view at Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

“This object is one of the earliest surviving Near Eastern sculptures in precious metal. The goat is made of silver and plated with gold on the face.

Incised lines illustrate the texture of the goat's hair and beard. One leg protrudes far from the body, two are held in close, and the last is only visible as an incised outline carefully etched into the figurine's underside.”

additional images via https://collections.mfa.org/objects/155898/mountain-goat

#animals in art #museum visit #mountain goat #metalwork #silver #gold #figurine #sculpture #Iranian art #ancient art #Elamite art #Proto Elamite art #Museum of Fine Arts Boston #Metal Monday

[fromthedust]

Vessel in the form of a boar - painted ceramic - Proto-Elamite culture -  Southwestern Iran - c.3100–2900 BCE

#art by others #other's artwork #ceramic vessel #boar #Proto-Elamite #ancient #antiquity

[treasure-of-the-ancients]

Silver antelope pendant, Proto-Elamite, 3100 - 2900 BC

from The Metropolitan Museum of Art

#history #antiquities #ancient history #art #ancient art #bronze age

[ladyofpasargadae]

I got flashbacks about the sadness I felt about the Boar Vessel.

So, I went and found a Boar Vessel to fill my sadness about the Boar Vessel!

Vessel in the Form of a Boar. Proto-Elamite. 3100-2900 BCE.

Southwestern Iran

Ceramic and Paint

from the Metropolitan Museum of Art

#please appreciate this little funky dude #history #ancient iran #boar vessel #ancient artifacts #history memes #history memery #historical artifacts

[livingtrophies]

Striding figure with upturned boots

ca. 3000 B.C.

This solid-cast sculpture shows a hero or a demon wearing the upturned boots associated with highland regions, his power enhanced by the mighty horns of the ibex on his head and the body and wings of a bird of prey draped around his shoulders. It was created at the time the first cities emerged in ancient Sumer. A new world view conceived of human figures in realistic terms, through accurate proportions and highly modeled forms with distinctive features - here, the triple belt and beard that define divine beings and royalty. The blending of human and animal forms to visualize the supernatural world and perhaps to express shamanistic beliefs, however, is more characteristic of the contemporary arts of Proto-Elamite Iran, where a remarkable tradition of metalworking developed during this period.

[bagdemagus]

Seated bear

Stone

Tall-e Geser (Iran)

Proto-Elamite period, ca. 3000-2800 BCE

Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, A27919

#proto-Elamite #art history #archaeology #oriental institute #iran #bear!

[lionofchaeronea]

Proto-Elamite statuette of a horned, striding figure.  Artist unknown; ca. 3000-2800 BCE.  Now in the Art Institute of Chicago.  Photo credit: Sailko/Wikimedia Commons.

#art #art history #ancient art #Near East #Ancient Near East #Near Eastern art #Ancient Near Eastern art #Proto-Elamite #sculpture #statuette #figurine #metalwork #bronze #bronzework #Art Institute of Chicago

[arinewman7]

Mountain Goat Near Eastern, Iranian, Elamite Proto-Elamite 3500-2700BC Silver and Sheet Gold MFA

#art #history #Mountain Goat #sculpture #Silver and Sheet Gold #Near Eastern #Iranian #Elamite #Proto-Elamite #3500-2700BC #MFA

[theancientwayoflife]

~ Proto-Elamite Statuette of a Monkey. Date: ca. 3000 B.C. Place of origin: Susa, Iran Period: Bronze Age Medium: Gypsum

#ancient #ancient art #proto-elamite statuette of a monkey #susa #iran #bronze age #ca. 3000 b.c.

[moishe-pipick]

Kneeling Cow Holding a Vessel, Southwestern Iran or Southeastern Mesopotamia, Proto-Elamite, ca. 3000–2800 b.c., silver. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Purchase, Joseph Pulitzer Bequest, 1966; 66.173.

[barbariankingdom]

Proto-Elamite Kneeling Bull Holding a Spouted Vessel, c. 3100-2900 BC. 

Metropolitan Museum of Art. 

[harvard-art-museums-sculpture]

Proto-Elamite Statuette of a Monkey, c. 3000 BCE, HAM: Sculpture

Harvard Art Museums/Arthur M. Sackler Museum, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Stuart Cary Welch in honor of Eric Schroeder and George M.A. Hanfmann Size: 12.1 x 3.2 x 6.3 cm (4 3/4 x 1 1/4 x 2 1/2 in.) Medium: Gypsum

https://www.harvardartmuseums.org/collections/object/288278

#harvardartmuseums #museumarchive

[weizhentian]

Look at this goat sculpture

[camagallery-blog]

Persian art or Iranian art has one of the richest art heritages in world history and has been strong in many media including architecture, painting, weaving, pottery, calligraphy, metalworking and sculpture. With its rich history that dates back to 3200-2800 BC, when the Proto-Elamite and Elamite kingdoms were formed, Iran is a country which produced many notable artists. Contrary to popular belief, Iranian art is not just about the Hamsa and the Oriental motifs and lurking in the underground galleries of the war-stricken country. Iranian begetters very much keep up with the contemporary art scene and produce amazing artworks. CAMA Gallery's private event in London on the 29th November will showcase some of the world’s most outstanding contemporary artworks produced by Iranian artists. To receive information about attending our private events please contact us at [email protected] #camagallery #art #artist #iranianart #contemporaryart #modernart  #abstractart #white #luxuryart #artoftheday #creative #instaart #paint #painting #mondaymotivation #picoftheday #sothebys #christies #artcollector #auction #inspiration #luxurylifestyle  #shapes #instalike #amazing #bestoftheday #influencer #artsy

#instaart #white #sothebys #mondaymotivation #art #camagallery #abstractart #painting #artcollector #artoftheday #paint #luxurylifestyle #inspiration #contemporaryart #creative #picoftheday #bestoftheday #christies #auction #artist #influencer #luxuryart #modernart #shapes #iranianart #artsy #amazing #instalike

[bagdemagus]

Proto-Elamite cylinder seal with lions and bovids

Susa (modern Khuzestan, Iran)

Ca. 3000 BCE

Seals of the “classic” Proto-Elamite style were likely made in southwestern Iran around 3000-2900 BCE. They were frequently used to seal tablets with an early form of pictographic script called Proto-Elamite (because archaeologists initially assumed it recorded the Elamite language of the later inhabitants of the region). The script has not yet been deciphered, but the seal imagery offers tantalizing glimpses of a vibrant and inventive cultural tradition. The animals on Proto-Elamite seals are depicted with great sensitivity and detail, but the modeling is flatter than on Mesopotamian seals of the same period, with more use of the graver than the rounded drill to cut the stone. 

Now in the Louvre, Paris

#proto elamite #susa #cylinder seal #art history #archaeology #ancient near east #louvre #musee du louvre

[oopsthedragon-blog]

How do we write History? https://pp.userapi.com/c638322/v638322612/68bed/W6vdg-KTufY.jpg Big collection of old retro lithograph letters https://www.123rf.com/photo_11041138_big-collection-of-old-retro-lithograph-letters.html Humans are unique among the great apes (of which we are one) in various ways http://www.genomicron.evolverzone.com/2012/12/another-just-so-story-this-time-about-fists/ Cave paintings (also known as "parietal art") are painted drawings on cave walls or ceilings, mainly of prehistoric origin, dated to some 40,000 years ago (around 38,000 BCE) in Eurasia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_painting Third metacarpal styloid process enables the hand bone to lock into the wrist bones, allowing for greater amounts of pressure to be applied to the wrist and hand from a grasping thumb and fingers. It allows humans the dexterity and strength to make and use complex tools. This unique anatomical feature separates humans from apes and other nonhuman primates, and is not seen in human fossils older than 1.8 million years. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_evolutionHow we write History https://pp.userapi.com/c638322/v638322612/68bed/W6vdg-KTufY.jpg It is possible for people to count on their fingers to 12 using one hand only, with the thumb pointing to each finger bone on the four fingers in turn. A traditional counting system still in use in many regions of Asia works in this way, and could help to explain the occurrence of numeral systems based on 12 and 60 besides those based on 10, 20 and 5. (...) In the Chinese calendar, a sexagenary cycle is commonly used, in which days or years are named by positions in a sequence of ten stems and in another sequence of 12 branches. The same stem and branch repeat every 60 steps through this cycle. (...) Ptolemy's Almagest, a treatise on mathematical astronomy written in the second century AD, uses base 60 to express the fractional parts of numbers. In particular, his table of chords, which was essentially the only extensive trigonometric table for more than a millennium, has fractional parts in base 60. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexagesimal Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, Demotic script, and Greek script https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosetta_Stone Hieroglyphs emerged from the preliterate artistic traditions of Egypt. For example, symbols on Gerzean pottery from ca. 4000 BCE resemble hieroglyphic writing. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs A scribe is a person who serves as a professional copyist, especially one who made copies of manuscripts before the invention of automatic printing https://pp.userapi.com/c639630/v639630565/2845d/glPIGkMredc.jpg Ptolemy’s Almagest, a treatise on mathematical astronomy written in the second century AD, uses base 60 to express the fractional parts of numbers. In particular, his table of chords, which was essentially the only extensive trigonometric table for more than a millennium, has fractional parts in base 60https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SexagesimalThe practice of naming stars has existed since ancient times. Ancient Egyptians from as far back as 2200 BC had already designated individual stars with names. This was practical as they charted them for time-keeping and calendrical purposes. http://writermariecor.com/valentine-gift-special-name-a-star-for-your-significant-other/ Taurus is Latin for "Bull” and may refer to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurus Astronomers capture supermassive black hole as it eats passing star http://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/06/health/black-hole-star-radio-telescope/index.html Astronomy began with the first settlements of agricultural societies. Mesopotamia, the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is today Iraq, was the birthplace of civilization almost 10,000 years ago. http://www.thelivingmoon.com/43ancients/01documents/Mesopotamian_Astronomy.html Emerging in Sumer in the late 4th millennium B.C.E. (the Uruk IV period), cuneiform writing began as a system of pictographs. In the third millennium, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract as the number of characters in use grew smaller, from about 1,000 in the Early Bronze Age to about 400 in Late Bronze Age (Hittite cuneiform). The system consists of a combination of logophonetic, consonantal alphabetic and syllabic signs. Illustration of a trilingual inscription, written in Old Persian, Babylonian and Elamite (from left to right). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Trilingual_inscription_of_Xerxes,_Van,_1973.JPG Writing to Sumer: the invention of the cuneiform http://www.seuil.com/ouvrage/ecrire-a-sumer-jean-jacques-glassner/9782020385060 Type of characters for the “Libyan warrior” and tifinagh writings http://ennedi.free.fr/view-tanakom/images/arakao-gravure-7.jpg Tifinagh (also written Tifina? in the Berber Latin alphabet) is an abjad used to write the Berber languages https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifinagh Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) traces the origin of the Berbers to Mazigh son of Canaan. According to him, they descend from Canaan, son of Ham. Ibn Khaldun makes a comparative study of the various Arab and Berber genealogists that existed long before him and draws his own analysis of the origin of the Berbers. In his book on the history of the Berbers, Ibn Khaldun quotes almost all the works already done on ancient genealogy. Ibn Khaldun designates two great families: Madghis (Medghassen) and Barnis. http://association-noumidia.over-blog.com/article-35898636.html Medghacen: the oldest witness of pre-Roman Berber architecture http://www.icomos.org/studies/rockart-sahara-northafrica/rockart-sahara-northafrica.pdf Mausoleum of Mauretania, nicknamed the tomb of the Christian, face East in Tipaza in Algeria http://iflisen2008.over-blog.com/article-medghacen-le-plus-ancien-temoin-de-l-architecture-berbere-preromaine-86669629.html Runes are the letters in a set of related alphabets known as runic alphabets, which were used to write various Germanic languages before the adoption of the Latin alphabet and for specialised purposes thereafter. The Scandinavian variants are also known as futhark or fuþark (derived from their first six letters of the alphabet: F, U, Þ, A, R, and K); the Anglo-Saxon variant is futhorc or fuþorc (due to sound changes undergone in Old English by the names of those six letters). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runes Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit Proto-Sinaitic, also referred to as Sinaitic, Proto-Canaanite, Old Canaanite, or Canaanite, is a term for both a Middle Bronze Age (Middle Kingdom) script attested in a small corpus of inscriptions found at Serabit el-Khadim in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, and the reconstructed common ancestor of the Paleo-Hebrew, Phoenician and South Arabian scripts (and, by extension, of most historical and modern alphabets). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Sinaitic_script ___________________________________

Ethical Realism: truth tables are visual aids to help us determine all the truth value possibilities of various statements https://ethicalrealism.wordpress.com/2013/01/14/logic-part-3-truth-tables/ Ariadne’s thread, named for the legend of Ariadne, is the solving of a problem with multiple apparent means of proceeding - such as a physical maze, a logic puzzle, or an ethical dilemma - through an exhaustive application of logic to all available routes. It is the particular method used that is able to follow completely through to trace steps or take point by point a series of found truths in a contingent, ordered search that reaches an end position. This process can take the form of a mental record, a physical marking, or even a philosophical debate; it is the process itself that assumes the name. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariadne%27s_thread_(logic) A truth table is a mathematical table used in logic—specifically in connection with Boolean algebra, boolean functions, and propositional calculus—to compute the functional values of logical expressions on each of their functional arguments, that is, on each combination of values taken by their logical variables (Enderton, 2001). In particular, truth tables can be used to tell whether a propositional expression is true for all legitimate input values, that is, logically valid. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truth_table Pythagoras of Samos was an Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, and putative founder of the Pythagoreanism movement. He is often revered as a great mathematician and scientist and is best known for the Pythagorean theorem which bears his name. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras Greek language, alphabets and pronunciation http://www.omniglot.com/writing/greek.htm An alphabet is a standard set of letters https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet 64 best images of petroglyphs https://nl.pinterest.com/danslove/petroglyphs/ The secret lies within https://vk.com/id250350565?z=photo250350565_433007126%2Fwall250350565_9872 A DNA database https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_database Ideogram Highlights http://circos.ca/tutorials/lessons/highlights/ideogram_highlights/images Circularity can mean: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circularity Language: You tell me that it’s evolution? https://vk.com/id250350565?z=photo250350565_456240377/wall250350565_10780 DNA loop direction impacts gene expression http://ow.ly/Rirbh Speedy evolution affects more than one species https://phys.org/news/2015-10-speedy-evolution-affects-species.html Which Stage of Meiosis I is called Bouquet Stage? http://www.aipmtbio.co.in/2016/03/which-stage-of-meiosis-i-is-called.html Genetic damage, mutation, and the evolution of sex http://www.sciencemag.org/content/229/4719/1277.short Effects on DNA Damage and/or Repair Processes http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jabr.12019/abstract?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage&userIsAuthenticated=false Researchers Find Gold Nanoparticles Capable of ‘Unzipping’ DNA https://news.ncsu.edu/2012/06/wms-melechko-dna/ Though we think of DNA as a safe house for storing information, in truth, it's a rather fragile molecule https://vk.com/id250350565?z=photo250350565_456239145%2Fwall250350565_10025 An analysis of ‘The Dawn Of Man’ in 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) https://vk.com/id250350565?z=photo250350565_456239583%2Fwall250350565_10170 Dynamics and interplay of nuclear architecture, genome organization, and gene expression http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/21/23/3027.full Scientists have discovered a previously unknown wellspring of genetic diversity in humans, chimps and most other primates. This diversity arises from a new component of itinerant sections of genetic code known as jumping genes https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/10/151022124518.htm Punctuated equilibrium (also called punctuated equilibria) is a theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that once species appear in the fossil record they will become stable, showing little net evolutionary change for most of their geological history. This state is called stasis. When significant evolutionary change occurs, the theory proposes that it is generally restricted to rare and geologically rapid events of branching speciation called cladogenesis. Cladogenesis is the process by which a species splits into two distinct species, rather than one species gradually transforming into another. Punctuated equilibrium is commonly contrasted against phyletic gradualism, the belief that evolution generally occurs uniformly and by the steady and gradual transformation of whole lineages (called anagenesis). In this view, evolution is seen as generally smooth and continuous. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punctuated_equilibrium Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class acquire the properties of objects of another class. The principle behind this sort of division is that each derived class shares common characteristics with the class from which it is derived. https://codingsec.net/2016/06/key-concepts-learn-object-oriented-programming/ Artificial intelligence (AI, also machine intelligence, MI) is apparently intelligent behaviour by machines, rather than the natural intelligence (NI) of humans and other animals. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence The study of mechanical or "formal" reasoning began with philosophers and mathematicians in antiquity https://pp.userapi.com/c837721/v837721565/4ac7/pJr70PYomaI.jpg

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Plimpton 322, a Babylonian clay tablet, is believed to have been written about 1800 BC. This table lists what are now called Pythagorean triples, i.e., integers a, b, and c satisfying a2 + b2 = c2. A method for constructing such triples is a significant early achievement, known long before the Greek and Indian mathematicians discovered solutions to this problem. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plimpton_322 Trigonometry emerged in the Hellenistic world during the 3rd century BC from applications of geometry to astronomical studies https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometry The gradient is a generalization of the usual concept of derivative to functions of several variables https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradient A degree is a measurement of plane angle, defined by representing a full rotation as 360 degrees. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle) The radian is the standard unit of angular measure https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radian Ancient Multiplication Methods http://www.pballew.net/old_mult.htm An associative magic square https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_magic_square The arithmetic rope https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_rope Pythagorean triple https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_triples Baudhayana theorem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baudhayana_sutras Pythagorean theorem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem Bhaskara's Method for Pythagorean Theorem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bh%C4%81skara_II Geometric proof of the Pythagorean theorem from the Zhou Bi Suan Jing https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Bi_Suan_Jing In geometry, a sphere packing is an arrangement of non-overlapping spheres within a containing space https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphere_packing The Suan Pan is an abacus of Chinese origin first described in a 190 CE book of the Eastern Han Dynasty, namely Supplementary Notes on the Art of Figures written by Xu Yue. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suanpan A traditional magic square is a square array of numbers (almost always positive integers) whose sum taken in any row, any column, or in either diagonal is the same target number. A geomagic square, on the other hand, is a square array of geometrical shapes in which those appearing in each row, column, or diagonal can be fitted together to create an identical shape called the target shape. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_magic_square ___________________________________

Machine code or machine language https://www.facebook.com/Z0ne.01/posts/1270437086387055 How The Nature of Information Could Resolve One of The Great Paradoxes Of Cosmology https://vk.com/id250350565?z=photo250350565_456240515%2Fwall250350565_10790 Imagine that we discover previously unknown units of language. There’s no concept of subjects, predicates or objects, none of what we usually think of as the structure of language. And the models don’t try to figure out anything about the meaning (whatever that is) of the sentence either. https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-rise-of-computer-aided-explanation-20150723 Mathematical methods developed to some degree of sophistication in ancient Egypt, Babylon, India, and China, apparently without employing the axiomatic method. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiomatic_system#History The library was but one part of the Musaeum of Alexandria, which functioned as a sort of research institute. In addition to the library, the Musaeum included rooms for the study of astronomy, anatomy, and even a zoo containing exotic animals. The classical thinkers who studied, wrote, and experimented at the Musaeum include the great names of mathematics, astronomy, physics, geometry, engineering, geography, physiology, and medicine. These included notable thinkers such as Euclid, Archimedes, Eratosthenes, Herophilus, Erasistratus, Hipparchus, Aedesia, Pappus, Theon, Hypatia, and Aristarchus of Samos. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Alexandria In written language, a logogram or logograph is a written character that represents a word or phrase. In alphabets and syllabaries, individual written characters represent sounds rather than concepts. These characters are called phonograms. Unlike logograms, phonograms do not necessarily have meaning by themselves, but are combined to make words and phrases that have meaning. Writing language in this way is called phonemic orthography. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logogram In audio signal processing and acoustics, echo is a reflection of sound that arrives at the listener with a delay after the direct sound. The delay is proportional to the distance of the reflecting surface from the source and the listener. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo Echo was an Oread who resided on Mount Cithaeron. Zeus loved consorting with beautiful nymphs and often visited them on Earth. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo_(mythology) Teiresias told them that the boy would grow old only if “he didn’t get to know himself”. When Narcissus was sixteen he was walking in the woods and Nymph Echo saw him and felt madly in love with him. She started following him and Narcissus asked “who’s there”, feeling someone after him https://www.greekmyths-greekmythology.com/narcissus-myth-echo/ Abstraction in its main sense is a conceptual process by which general rules and concepts are derived from the usage and classification of specific examples, literal ("real" or "concrete") signifiers, first principles, or other methods. "An abstraction" is the product of this process—a concept that acts as a super-categorical noun for all subordinate concepts, and connects any related concepts as a group, field, or category. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstraction ___________________________________

The earliest of all human representations were small nude female figurines which were found in Paleolithic sites. The archeologists who first discovered these began to call them “Venuses” after the Greco-Roman goddess of beauty and love. However, this nomenclature is very misleading. Venus was a goddess. First, we do not know whether or not early humans believed in gods and goddesses. Second, we do not know if they made images of their deities. Today, this is the so-called Venus of Willendorf is simply regarded as a Stone Age sculpture of a nude woman. It was carved sometime between 28,000 and 23,000 B.C. It was discovered in Willendorf, Austria. https://bucks.instructure.com/courses/200544/files/2586079?module_item_id=1474281 Mitochondrial Eve is the matrilineal most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of all currently living humans https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_Eve The Ages of Man are the stages of human existence on the Earth https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ages_of_Man Transgenerational Inheritance: Myths and Mechanisms http://tinyurl.com/kuvjtcf Phylogenetic tree of complete mtDNAs http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v464/n7290/fig_tab/nature08976_F3.html The Fascinating Timeline of Humans http://www.lwrw.org/Part2.htm Control of fire by early humans https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_of_fire_by_early_humans Distribution of Venus Figurines https://upperpalaeolithicart.wordpress.com/2014/04/10/venus-figurines/ Mitochondrial Genetics http://old.qi.com/talk/viewtopic.php?t=32348&start=0&sid=416df0eaae529e723947b18773da6800 Human Migration map http://www.hwdsb.on.ca/hillpark/departments/science/Watts/Interesting_Readings/Evolution_Papers/Human_Migration.jpg Who is Homo sapiens https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens The Quest for Fire https://pp.userapi.com/c636927/v636927565/3690b/Xv8blZ0jHb0.jpg Who is Neanderthal https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal The 11 fathers of Asia http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2930277/Eleven-fathers-Asia-800-million-modern-men-descended-ancient-leaders-including-Genghis-Khan.html Indigenous of the Americas https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_history_of_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas They actually came from Siberia http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2092258/Native-Americans-actually-came-tiny-mountain-region-Russia-DNA-research-reveals.html Travelling through an ice-free corridor https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/plant-and-animal-dna-suggests-first-americans-took-the-coastal-route/ Native Americans Have West Eurasian Origins https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/11/131120-science-native-american-people-migration-siberia-genetics/ Amazon Groups Links to Indigenous Australians https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/dna-search-first-americans-links-amazon-indigenous-australians-180955976/ 50,000 years of independent history of aboriginal Australian people https://phys.org/news/2016-02-genetics-reveal-years-independent-history.html Indigenous Australians are the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people of Australia, descended from groups that existed in Australia and surrounding islands prior to European colonisation https://www.facebook.com/Z0ne.01/posts/1302851476478949 The Whitsunday Islands are also home to a surprising number of cave paintings. The cave paintings by the sea-faring Ngaro people on Hook Island, Australia, are remarkable for their non-figurative, non-representational, or abstract content. Their significance is a mystery. 40,000 Year Old Australian Archaeology Site Reignites Debate On Origins http://www.crystalinks.com/auspetroglyphs.html About 50,000 years ago, Neanderthals interbred with the ancestors of living Europeans and Asians https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/20/science/a-new-theory-on-how-neanderthal-dna-spread-in-asia.html About 30,000 years ago, Homo sapiens migrating out of Africa began encountering Neanderthals http://www.sci-news.com/othersciences/anthropology/science-neanderthal-genes-modern-human-dna-01734.html Ancient gene flow from early modern humans into Eastern Neanderthals http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v530/n7591/full/nature16544.html The Neanderthal genome project is an effort of a group of scientists to sequence the Neanderthal genome https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal_genome_project Range of Homo-Neanderthal https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal_behavior How Much Influence Does Your Neanderthal DNA Have Over You? https://www.occupycorporatism.com/how-much-influence-does-your-neanderthal-dna-have-over-you/ Surprise! 20 Percent of Neanderthal Genome Lives On in Modern Humans, Scientists Find https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/01/140129-neanderthal-genes-genetics-migration-africa-eurasian-science/ Human ancestors have been using stone and other tools since long before the emergence of Homo sapiens https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_technology Scientists say early Homo sapiens mated with both Neanderthals and the mysterious extinct human species known as Denisovans https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/home-sapiens-interbed-extinct-species_us_56ed6a78e4b09bf44a9d6bd0 ___________________________________

Every person's DNA is 99.9 % the same as every other person's DNA, but it is this 0.1 % difference that allows us to track the movement of our ancestors across the globe. http://www.hwdsb.on.ca/hillpark/departments/science/Watts/Evolution_Papers.html The three-age system in archaeology and physical anthropology is the periodization of human prehistory and history into three consecutive time periods, named for their respective tool-making technologies https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-age_system "Great Surprise"—Native Americans Have West Eurasian Origins https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/11/131120-science-native-american-people-migration-siberia-genetics/ Discovering the Mysterious Cities of Gold https://ibule.wordpress.com/2014/07/21/a-la-decouverte-des-mysterieuses-cites-dor/ Indigenous languages of the Americas https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas Latest Mystery Of Maya Civilization https://youtu.be/jE3DXNvC12A Mesoamerican civilization https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_civilization Moai or mo‘ai https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moai Maui (Maui) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81ui_(mythology) Easter Island https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Island Mongol: The Rise of Genghis Khan https://youtu.be/htEXmRHjf5s The Records of the Grand Historian https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_China The Asian Resurgence in World History Perspective http://worldhistoryconnected.press.illinois.edu/9.1/lockard.html Chinese Dream: Red and Green Painting in Kuala Lumpur http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/03/09/19-prominent-china-artists-on-board-missing-plane/ A modern model portraying how Emperor Jing’s tomb complex would have appeared upon completion https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_pyramids Written records of the history of China can be found from as early as 1500 BCunder the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_ChinaThe oldest form of the Chinese written language was found in the Oracle Bone inscriptions carved on tortoise shells and mammal bones during the Shang dynasty (c 1600-1100 BC) http://www.china-mike.com/facts-about-china/facts-history-culture-customs-traditions/ Li Tang was a Song dynasty Chinese landscape painter who practised at Kaifeng and Hangzhou. He forms a link between earlier painters such as Guo Xi, Fan Kuan and Li Cheng and later artists such as Xia Gui and Ma Yuan. He perfected the technique of “axe-cut” brush-strokes. He survived the invasion by the Jurchen Jin dynasty in 1126–27, and, together with the court, moved to Qiantang (now Hangzhou), which became the capital city of the newly established Southern Song Dynasty. He continued to serve as painter in the court under Emperor Gaozong, and died circa 1130. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Tang_(painter) The Jurchen tribe was the predecessor of the Manchu nationality. For a long period of time, it inhabited the areas north and south of the Songhua River and around the Heilong River. During the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the Jurchen tribe in the northeast was divided into three parts called Haixi, Jianzhou and Yeren. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurchen_people#Ming_China Manchuria was first used in the 17th century by Chinese people, given to a large geographic region in Northeast Asia. Depending on the context, Manchuria can either refer to a region that falls entirely within the People’s Republic of China, or a larger region divided between China and Russia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchuria