109 years ago today, leo frank, an innocent american jewish man, was lynched.
in 1913, leo frank was arrested for the murder of mary phagan. despite evidence that he was at home at the time of the murder, the jury decided in just four hours that he was guilty and the judge sentenced him to death. all of frank's appeals were rejected. protests erupted outside the governor's mansion when the governor decided to commute frank's sentence from death to life imprisonment, and on august 17th, 1915, a group of 25 men kidnapped frank from the prison hospital where he was recovering from an attempt on his life, drove him 100 miles to mary phagan's hometown, and lynched him. there are several photos of the lynching.
though frank is the only known jewish victim of lynching in america, antisemitism was baked into the nation's history in numerous other ways. during the trial, the prosecuting attorney framed him as a sexual pervert who was both a homosexual and preyed on young girls. this is not the first time a jewish man has been framed as a sexual predatory because of his jewishness. it was simply the culmination of centuries of antisemitism that still persists to this day. (content warning for antisemitic caricatures and one graphic photo of the lynching of leo frank)
leo frank was proven innocent after his death, though many people still insist he was guilty, particularly white supremacists.
a musical called parade about the trial and tragic death of leo frank was written by jewish composer jason robert brown and jewish playwright alfred uhry. it premiered in 1988 and was revived in 2023 on broadway, starring jewish actors ben platt and micaela diamond, where neo nazis protested outside the theatre, claiming the show was "glorifying a pedophile."
as of writing this, tomorrow is the first day of elul, the last month in the jewish calendar culminating in the high holy days, the holiest days of the jewish year. every year, synagogues see an increase in negative attention and antisemitism from their wider communities. we start to receive more hostile phone calls and emails, threats of violence, and this year there was a swatting campaign targeting at least 26 jewish institutions. we are supposed to be using this time to reflect and make amends with the people we've hurt, and instead so much of our time and energy had to go toward ensuring we can even safely walk into our communal spaces.
i don't have the answer for how to fix this or what you as a gentile should do. antisemitism is thousands of years old, and it's not going to stop because some well meaning people on tumblr read all the articles linked in this post. all i know is that jews all over the world are terrified and so, so tired.
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Eu li todos livros que Rory leu!
Por acaso, eu leio muito rápido e terminei esses livros por dias e semanas. Amei esses livros! Rory é estudiosa, tem boas escolhas para ler.
Listona com os 339 livros que Rory leu em ‘Gilmore Girls’:
1. 1 984 – George Orwell
2. As Aventuras de Huckleberry Finn – Mark Twain
3. Alice no País das Maravilhas – Lewis Carroll
4. As Incríveis Aventuras de Kavalier & Clay – Michael Chabon
5. Uma Tragédia Americana – Theodore Dreiser
6. As Cinzas de Ângela – Frank McCourt
7. Anna Karenina – Leon Tolstoy
8. O Diário de Anne Frank – Anne Frank
9. The Archidamian War – Donald Kagan
10. A Arte da Ficção – Henry James
11. A Arte da Guerra – Sun Tzu
12. Enquanto Agonizo – William Faulkner
13. Reparação – Ian McEwan
14. Autobiography of a Face – Lucy Grealy
15. The Awakening – Kate Chopin
16. Babe – Dick King-Smith
17. Backlash: The Undeclared War Against American Women – Susan Faludi
18. Balzac e a Costureirinha Chinesa – Dai Sijie
19. Bel Canto – Ann Patchett
20. A Redoma de Vidro – Sylvia Plath
21. Amada – Toni Morrison
22. Beowulf: A New Verse Translation – Seamus Heaney
23. Bagavadguitá
24. Os Irmãos Bielski – Peter Duffy
25. Bitch in Praise of Difficult Women – Elizabeth Wurtzel
26. A Bolt from the Blue and Other Essays – Mary McCarthy
27. Admirável Mundo Novo – Aldous Huxley
28. Um Lugar Chamado Brick Lane – Monica Ali
29. Brigadoon – Alan Jay Lerner
30. Cândido – Voltaire
31. Os Cantos de Cantuária – Chaucer
32. Carrie, A Estranha – Stephen King
33. Ardil 22 – Joseph Heller
34. O Apanhador no Campo de Centeio – J. D. Salinger
35. A Teia de Charlotte – E. B. White
36. The Children’s Hour – Lillian Hellman
37. Christine – Stephen King
38. Um Conto de Natal – Charles Dickens
39. Laranja Mecânica – Anthony Burgess
40. The Code of the Woosters – P.G. Wodehouse
41. The Collected Stories – Eudora Welty
42. A Comédia dos Erros – William Shakespeare
43. Complete Novels – Dawn Powell
44. The Complete Poems – Anne Sexton
45. Complete Stories – Dorothy Parker
46. Uma Confraria de Tolos – John Kennedy Toole
47. O Conde de Monte Cristo – Alexandre Dumas
48. A Vingança de Bette – Honoré de Balzac
49. Crime e Castigo – Fiodor Dostoievski
50. Pétala Escarlate, Flor Branca – Michel Faber
51. As Bruxas de Salém – Arthur Miller
52. Cão Raivoso – Stephen King
53. O Estranho Caso do Cão Morto – Mark Haddon
54. Filha da Fortuna – Isabel Allende
55. David e Lisa – Dr Theodore Issac Rubin M.D
56. David Copperfield – Charles Dickens
57. O Código da Vinci – Dan Brown
58. Almas Mortas – Nikolai Gogol
59. Os Demônios – Fiodor Dostoievski
60. A Morte de Um Caixeiro-Viajante – Arthur Miller
61. Deenie – Judy Blume
62. The Devil in the White City: Murder, Magic, and Madness at the Fair that Changed America – Erik Larson
63. The Dirt: Confessions of the World’s Most Notorious Rock Band – Tommy Lee, Vince Neil, Mick Mars e Nikki Sixx
64. A Divina Comédia – Dante Alighieri
65. Divinos Segredos – Rebecca Wells
66. Dom Quixote de La Mancha – Miguel Cervantes
67. Conduzindo Miss Daisy – Alfred Uhry
68. O Médico e o Monstro – Robert Louis Stevenson
69. Edgar Allan Poe: Complete Tales & Poems – Edgar Allan Poe
70. Eleanor Roosevelt – Blanche Wiesen Cook
71. O Teste do Ácido do Refresco Elétrico – Tom Wolfe
72. Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters – Mark Dunn
73. Eloise – Kay Thompson
74. Emily, the Strange: Os Dias Perdidos – Roger Reger
75. Emma – Jane Austen
76. Empire Falls – Richard Russo
77. Encyclopedia Brown: Boy Detective – Donald J. Sobol
78. Ethan Frome – Edith Wharton
79. Ética – Spinoza
80. Europe through the Back Door, 2003 – Rick Steves
81. Eva Luna – Isabel Allende
82. Tudo se Ilumina – Jonathan Safran Foer
83. Extravagance – Gary Krist
84. Fahrenheit 451 – Ray Bradbury
85. Fahrenheit 9/11 – Michael Moore
86. The Fall of the Athenian Empire – Donald Kagan
87. Fat Land: How Americans Became the Fattest People in the World – Greg Critser
88. Medo e Delírio em Las Vegas – Hunter S. Thompson
89. A Sociedade do Anel – J. R. R. Tolkien
90. Um Violinista no Telhado – Joseph Stein
91. As Cinco Pessoas que Você Encontra no Céu – Mitch Albom
92. Finnegan’s Wake – James Joyce
93. Fletch Venceu – Gregory McDonald
94. Flowers for Algernon – Daniel Keyes
95. The Fortress of Solitude – Jonathan Lethem
96. A Nascente – Ayn Rand
97. Frankenstein – Mary Shelley
98. Franny e Zooey – J. D. Salinger
99. Sexta-Feira Muito Louca – Mary Rodgers
100. Galápagos – Kurt Vonnegut
101. Gender Trouble – Judith Butler
102. George W. Bushism: The Slate Book of the Accidental Wit and Wisdom of our 43rd President – Jacob Weisberg
103. Gidget – Frederick Kohner
104. Garota, Interrompida – Susanna Kaysen
105. Os Evangelhos Gnósticos – Elaine Pagels
106. O Poderoso Chefão: Livro 1 – Mario Puzo
107. O Deus das Pequenas Coisas – Arundhati Roy
108. Cachinhos Dourados e os Três Ursos – Alvin Granowsky
109. E o Vento Levou – Margaret Mitchell
110. O Bom Soldado – Ford Maddox Ford
111. The Gospel According to Judy Bloom – Judy Bloom
112. A Primeira Noite de um Homem – Charles Webb
113. As Vinhas da Ira – John Steinbeck
114. O Grande Gatsby – F. Scott Fitzgerald
115. Grandes Esperanças – Charles Dickens
116. O Grupo – Mary McCarthy
117. Hamlet – William Shakespeare
118. Harry Potter e o Cálice de Fogo – J. K. Rowling
119. Harry Potter e a Pedra Filosofal – J. K. Rowling
120. A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius – Dave Eggers
121. O Coração das Trevas – Joseph Conrad
122. Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders – Vincent Bugliosi e Curt Gentry
123. Henry IV, parte I – William Shakespeare
124. Henry IV, parte II – William Shakespeare
125. Henry V – William Shakespeare
126. Alta Fidelidade – Nick Hornby
127. A História do Declínio e Queda do Império Romano – Edward Gibbon
128. Holidays on Ice: Stories – David Sedaris
129. The Holy Barbarians – Lawrence Lipton
130. Casa de Areia e Névoa – Andre Dubus III
131. A Casa dos Espíritos – Isabel Allende
132. Como Respirar Debaixo D’Água – Julie Orringer
133. Como o Grinch Roubou o Natal – Dr. Seuss
134. How the Light Gets In – M. J. Hyland
135. Uivo – Allen Ginsberg
136. O Corcunda de Notre Dame – Victor Hugo
137. A Ilíada – Homero
138. Confissões de uma Groupie: I’m With the Band – Pamela des Barres
139. A Sangue Frio – Truman Capote
140. Inferno – Dante Alighieri
141. O Vento Será tua Herança – Jerome Lawrence e Robert E. Lee
142. Ironweed – William J. Kennedy
143. It Takes a Village – Hillary Rodham Clinton
144. Jane Eyre – Charlotte Bronte
145. O Clube da Sorte da Alegria – Amy Tan
146. Júlio César – William Shakespeare
147. A Célebre Rã Saltadora do Condado de Cavaleras – Mark Twain
148. A Selva – Upton Sinclair
149. Just a Couple of Days – Tony Vigorito
150. Os Últimos Dias dos Romanov – Robert Alexander
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