#merlioness
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furry mermaid lineup by HunterxColleen
#sorrel#dragon rider#mermaids#vix#spark a space tail#sasha la fleur#all dogs go to heaven 2#nala#the lion king#porsha crystal#sing 2#merlioness#merdog#merwolf#merfox
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Merlio EA Ltd
GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS
Merlion EA Ltd aims to work with the large Corporates and Banks or financial institution with high potential in East African economies. We believe that in addition to securing returns for investors, our services do enable the broader development objectives of the region.
* The East African Community (EAC) is among the fastest growing regions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Over the last two decades, growth rates have picked up strongly in EAC countries, outpacing the rest of SSA
* The African continent is richly endowed with mineral resources. The US Geological society ranks Africa as one of the largest reserve of bauxite, cobalt, industrial diamonds, manganese, phosphate rock, platinum group metals and zirconium
* The EAC has several mineral belts that produce (amongst other commodities) tanzanite and gold, with Tanzania being the biggest regional gold producer. Burundi has some gold reserves along with copper, cobalt, nickel and uranium deposits. Exploration activity in western Kenya has increased significantly over the past few years
* The EAC offers an opportunity of market integration which would then provide the member economies with greater international prominence and subsequently, foreign direct investment
* In Sub-Saharan African economies, Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) account for up to 90% of all businesses and are an important providers of employment in the region. The African Development Bank (AfDB) has found that banks in East Africa are keen on increasing exposure to the SMEs of the region
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LOOK, I'M SORRY BUT I'M NOT DONE. Ilythis: you state she is married to a much older man, and is his second (?) wife. Does she have step-children, and would we possibly be able to meet them later in the game? Quite a bit later, I would assume.
Under a readmore for spoilers.
Ilythis’s husband, King Haphus Garethesius, had two children with his late first wife, Thellonia: Princess Proseria Garethesia and Princess Sothella Garethesia.
Proseria is fairly close in age to Ilythis, only a little bit younger, while Sothella is a couple years younger than Proseria. Neither of the girls resent Ilythis and see her more as an older sister, though they’re not necessarily close. They’re quite fond of the three children Ilythis has with Haphus: Auphosius Garethesius, Amethisia Garethesia, and Vassenia Garethesia. Auphosius, being the only boy, is Haphus’s heir, which, despite Proseria’s love for him, irks her as she is the eldest, after all. She doesn’t hold it against him, but rather Merlian tradition as a whole.
You do get a chance to meet Proseria and Sothella in the game. Either in Part One or Part Two, though meeting them is, I believe, entirely dependent on your choices. They can have a pretty big part to play in the game, if the MC lets them.
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« [Selon Spengler] la « culture » est la phase ascendante, créatrice de la haute culture, la « civilisation » sa phase descendante, décadente. Ce qui caractérise cette dernière, c’est l’excès mortifère de rationalisme critique, le remplacement du mythos par le logos, en bref le « désenchantement du monde »; c’est aussi le « règne de la quantité », la tendance à l’extension (l’expansion) quantitative aux dépens de l’approfondissement qualitatif, la dominance des critères matérialistes et hédonistes, qui s’opposent à l’idéalisme désintéressé de la culture; c’est, sur le plan politique, la démocratie libérale avec ses mots d’ordre internationalistes et humanitaires, et son envers, le capitalisme, qui en est le véritable agent; c’est enfin, socialement, le déracinement le « nomadisme intellectuel » et le cosmopolitisme des grandes villes, et le nivellement, c’est à dire le déclin des élites et la « révolte des masses ». »
Gilbert Merlio
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by no1knowsiwritefanfics
A series of mysterious deaths have been appearing along the shoreline. The Foresight Foundation, a local aquatic research facility, recommends avoiding beaches until the cause of death can be found.
Galo Thymos finds it hard to obey rules.
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Just my attempt at a Merman Lio/Lifeguard Galo story.
Words: 2780, Chapters: 1/?, Language: English
Fandoms: Promare (2019)
Rating: Teen And Up Audiences
Warnings: Graphic Depictions Of Violence
Categories: M/M
Characters: Lio Fotia, Galo Thymos, Thyma (Promare)
Relationships: Lio Fotia/Galo Thymos
Additional Tags: Mer!Lio, Merman Lio Fotia, Lifeguard Galo Thymos, Alternate Universe - Fantasy, Fantasy AU, mermaid au, MerLio
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“ Oswald Spengler aura-t-il eu raison ? Tandis que les signes s'accumulent, on assiste au retour de l'auteur du Déclin de l'Occident (1918-1922), ou tout du moins à celui de ce titre-slogan, sa pensée restant largement méconnue en France. Comment Spengler se représentait-il ce déclin, passage d'une culture véritablement créatrice à une civilisation tournée vers des tâches quantitatives et matérielles ? Spengler fait preuve d'un pessimisme culturel profond : à terme, l'Occident et ses valeurs mourront. Sa critique de la rationalisation du monde, celle des mœurs qui s'installent dans les métropoles cosmopolites, du système technicien, du libéralisme politique et économique, sont des symptômes de la crise moderne et doivent nous alerter sur l'évolution du monde occidental. A charge pour nous de lui donner tort en ne succombant pas à son fatalisme historique, ni à l'esthétisme de son « réalisme héroïque ».
Gilbert Merlio
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#Repost @amikachu ・・・ Magical Mesmerizing Maternal Manifesting Mystical Merlioness creating Man raising Mouthpiece engaging Multiplicitous Mommy! #mothersday #happymothersday #iloveyou https://www.instagram.com/p/BxYDWTAAqKo/?igshid=8n72hcdvhxai
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Tanggapan Pelatih Arema FC Terkait Kesuksesan Rafli Menjadi Man Of The Match Pada Merlion Cup 2019
Kinan Manja Tanggapan Pelatih Arema FC Terkait Kesuksesan Rafli Menjadi Man Of The Match Pada Merlion Cup 2019 Artikel Baru Nih Artikel Tentang Tanggapan Pelatih Arema FC Terkait Kesuksesan Rafli Menjadi Man Of The Match Pada Merlion Cup 2019 Pencarian Artikel Tentang Berita Tanggapan Pelatih Arema FC Terkait Kesuksesan Rafli Menjadi Man Of The Match Pada Merlion Cup 2019 Silahkan Cari Dalam Database Kami, Pada Kolom Pencarian Tersedia. Jika Tidak Menemukan Apa Yang Anda Cari, Kemungkinan Artikel Sudah Tidak Dalam Database Kami.
Judul Informasi Artikel :
Tanggapan Pelatih Arema FC Terkait Kesuksesan Rafli Menjadi Man Of The Match Pada Merlion Cup 2019
M Rafli, penyerang muda Arema FC saat ini tengah diperbincangkan setelah berhasil menjadi pemain pertama Arema FC yang mencetak hattrick untuk Timnas.
UNIKBACA.COM
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MERLIONess Adventure
Ola amigas,
Trip to Singapore y'all!
When traveling i'd like to bring my must go to stuffs and making sure that im on my comfortable clothes yet looking chic at the same time. Our trip is very tiring yet full of excitement, our flight is 1:30 plus the delayed we got there exactly 10:00 pm. Singapore fully lives up to its reputation as a garden city, very green, extremely clean, and very well organized, also not that hard to speak cause some of them understand and talk English too. The cabs are expensive but there is a quick and easy to understand metro systems, modern, quiet and clean trains.
We stayed at Fragrance SunFlower Hotel at Lor 10 Geylang street. Our hotel is okay, because we are near at a lots of restaurants, convience store and the train station.
Tallest dual rollercoaster. And yes i tried it and i puked a lot of times.
Our first place in our itinerary is in Universal Studios, like disneyland its one of the happiest place on earth, the amazing structures, the castle of Princess Fiona, the tallest dual rollercoaster and many many more. We didn't waste anytime, cause its once in a lifetime experience and its gonna be really memorable thing.
Next day we can't go home without seeing the famous Merlion near the Marina bay Sands with their amazing infinity pool at the roof deck. Also we get to see the two big robot swan that performs in the sea and then eat at the mall with family and cousins.
The next day we went to the botanical garden that lights up at night and plays with songs, the Flower dome a very breath taking place, around there are different flowers that spread around the dome and yow its beautiful! I've never seen so many flowers like that, you would really feel the love of nature even though its man made but still makes me "wow".
Actual photo of mine, posted it on my insta.
Lastly, before we go home we need to buy some shirts and souvenirs so we went to Bugis the place for buying things for cheap prices, we also visit Smith Street at Chinatown to buy some gifts,chocolates etc. I can say that I' m really amazed how clean and in order their country is, how the people is discipline in trains and in escalator, how organized their buses are, and how people live by simple rules is really inspiring and hoping that our own country picks a lesson on it. Their country lives in a very discipline place and its really amazing.
I got home with a memorable fun trip and the lessons that i learn there is cherished. So i hope i got you there by reading this, the vibe you felt is appreciated. Thank you and enjoy.
-E
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Change MERLIO-pardon! . . #SpiderMan #SpiderDan #SpideyCosplay #SpideyCosplayer #MarvelCosplay #MarvelCosplayer #superherocosplay #SpidermanCosplayer #SpiderVerse #SpiderVerseCosplay #SpiderVersePH #WebsPinas #cosplayersofinstagram #cosplayersofig #infinitywar #avengersinfinitywar #StanLee #stanleecosplayer #Supaidaman #Leopardon #amazingspiderman #theamazingspiderman #spidermanhomecoming #spidermanfarfromhome #peterparker #marvelcinematicuniverse #spideysociety #intothespiderverse https://www.instagram.com/p/BrctLVZBk7y/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1dtzdc6g6lsas
#spiderman#spiderdan#spideycosplay#spideycosplayer#marvelcosplay#marvelcosplayer#superherocosplay#spidermancosplayer#spiderverse#spiderversecosplay#spiderverseph#webspinas#cosplayersofinstagram#cosplayersofig#infinitywar#avengersinfinitywar#stanlee#stanleecosplayer#supaidaman#leopardon#amazingspiderman#theamazingspiderman#spidermanhomecoming#spidermanfarfromhome#peterparker#marvelcinematicuniverse#spideysociety#intothespiderverse
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Ahead of the lore-rich Patreon post, I wanted to let you guys know that I have made some changes to the Seven Heirs world.
Several countries have new names.
Merlios is now Carthenium.
Edoinel is now Sayelle.
Corsciana is now Serentia.
Merlian is now Carthenian or Carthenite, depending on the context. Edoilese is now Sayellese. Corscian is now Serentine -- or, in special circumstances, Serene.
Ophaesia, Verey, and the Dharsani Empire remain unchanged.
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Philatelic Store @ GPO Festive Collection Launch | Media Invite (Updated)
Calling all philatelist! This post is dedicated to you. For I will be covering on the Philatelic Store festive collection at SingPost Centre. Before I head in, let me give you a little history lesson on the General Post Office.
General Post Office, GPO | SingPost
With 150 years of history, Singpost is Singapore’s main postal service provider. It have evolved from a 3 person mailing company to the current size where it provides mail and logistics solutions around the world. It was initially located at Fullerton Building, the “Grand Old Dame” between 1925 to 1928. The General Post Office have moved multiple times before it reached it’s current location at the SingPost Centre.
Build on SingPost’s rich history, the newly renovated GPO offers a 24/7 self service access area. The new kiosks provides responsive touch-screens powered by Apple iPads. Additionally, new services such as automated sending of registered articles, SingPost’s Digital Postal Mail and new SAM platform have been added. There’s so much new things there, you got to check it out yourself.
Aside from hosting the GPO, the SingPost centre also have a Philatelic Store too. That Philatelic Store is the star of today’s post.
Look at the black and white tiles surrounding the door, it’s so stylish. In fact it reminds me of the tiles you see on the cafe floor. Beautiful!
Philatelic Store @ GPO
Operated and owned by Singapore Post, the philatelic store is the to go place for both long-time and new stamp collectors. Aside from stamps, the Philatelic Store @ GPO offers a variety of:
National Stamps
Foreign Stamps
Themed stamp albums
Thematic MyStamp Souvenirs
Philatelic Gifts
Since the festive season is coming up, the Philatelic Store have released 4 new collection, ready to be purchased in store. :
National Stamp | “Greeting” Stamp - It have cute Merlion emojis on it
Thematic MyStamp: Changi Mystical Garden with Sanrio Characters - All the characters got me shouting “Kawaii!!”
Premium Gifts: Local Delights Collection - Traditional biscuits such as the Gem Biscuit are included as well
Philatelic Store @ GPO Exclusives | Posting Boxes of Singapore Collection - I love this the best for I have an odd obsession with mail boxes.
Look at the store, you can even hear the Christmas carols playing at the back of your head. There’s even a white Christmas tree at the window. It’s so Christmasy, I love it! Besides the Christmas decoration, I like how the wall had an illustration of the old General Post Office at Fullerton. It’s such a great way to bring back the memories.
In memory of the old General Post Office, every single item in the store have a historical background to it. That means, everything you purchase from the store holds a sentimental value to Singapore’s post office. It’s like giving out a piece of history to your clients, your friends or your family. On top of that, these philately designs items are great for any gift-giving occasion - especially for the philatelist.
At this wall, you can view the variety of stamps that are available for your purchase. I like it’s design where customers are able to flip the display like a book. It made me feel like I’m in a modern stamp museum.
At the sides of the Philatelic store, you can see a variety of art prints, coaster sets and uniquely designed stamps available for purchase.
Psst. look at the bottom of the one on the left. You can see board game stamps. That’s so cool!
The History of Singapore’s Post Boxes
At the top is the General Post Office of Singapore stamp. It features the history of Singapore’s posting boxes. What’s iconic about the stamp set is the colonial-era red pillar posting box. The colonial-era red pillar posting box represented the time where the British were still ruling over Singapore. Back then, all post boxes were cylindrical shaped. Additionally, it have the royal badge of Queen Elizabeth the 2nd on one side of the box. The post boxes remained of this design until Singapore have regained it’s independence in 1965. Thereafter, the post boxes in Singapore have changed rapidly to the post boxes you see on the streets today.
The General Post Office of Singapore stamp
The General Post Office of Singapore stamp is available in four denominations. There’s Pre-cancelled First Day Covers with a complete set of stamps available at S$4.05. Additionally there is a folder, Postal Journey of Singapore, with the General Post Office of Singapore stamps and Postal Landmarks stamps. It features significant postal buildings over the centuries. The stamps was first issued in 2000. The folder retails at S$25.
Stamps could be purchased online here.
National Stamps | “Greetings” Stamp
Right at the bottom, you can see the National stamp, bearing the Merlion’s unique expressions. This will be touched on more later in the post.
What I like about the store is right at the front you see 2 displays, showcasing the GPO’s rich history. In the displays it not only contained photographs of the post offices back then but even the stamps and stamp pads too.
Fun fact: The yellow post box in the photo is the second generation of mail boxes. Yes, that replaced the red colonial post boxes.
Philatelic Store @ GPO Exclusives | Festive Collection
The first festive collection that I will touch on is a Philatelic Store @ GPO Exclusives. Yes, it’s the posting Boxes of Singapore Collection. The main focus on this collection is this first generation post box that I’m standing next to.
Although this red pillar posting box may look new, it is actually dated back to 1960s. It was only recently discovered at one of the post offices in Singapore. Thus, they decided to restored it.
Source
Unlike other post boxes in Singapore, mail dropped in the red pillar posting box will get a special date stamp in red ink.
Updated
So I was really interested in having the red stamp thus, I mailed this post card I had and here’s the red stamp! You can check out the rest of my Journal entries on my instagram page or on my Facebook page’s album.
Posting Boxes of Singapore Collection
Finally, I’m moving on to the posting boxes of Singapore Collection. Displayed at the front of the store, the posting box collection feature this red pillar posting box design on their items. It includes pouches, tote bags, cushion covers, tea towels, mini post boxes and a variety of postcards.
On the left side is the colonial-era red pillar box tea towel. I like how it looks like a map. You can see the different stamps, the mail and even the air mail stamp. It retails for S$12.90.
On the other side is the Local Delights Tea Towel from the premium gifts collection. I like how you can see 16 different kinds of kueh kueh or kueh’s ingredients on the tea towel.
The red posting box is also available on cushion covers, canvas tote bags and laminated bag- you can see the tote bag at the end of the post.
Cushion cover retails for S$19.90, Canvas tote bag is S$15.90 and Laminated bag is S$5.
Source
Aside from cushion covers and bags, the red posting box is available on postcards as well. I like how the postcards feature different generations of post boxes in Singapore. It is great to be able to see the different post boxes designs throughout Singapore’s history.
A favorite of mine would be these miniature plastic post boxes. They look so real. In fact let’s compare it to the actual size post boxes.
Presenting the usable actual size post boxes. As you can see people are more familiar with the modern day post box, thus the one on the right was stuffed.
OMG, just look at the details. Amazing!
It is great how SingPost came up with these figurines and designs. It allows the public to understand Singapore’s history better. Plus, who said old is bad? Old can be cool too!
Aside from the plastic ones, there’s clay ones available too. These are catered more to the modern generation for you can see various beautiful designs on the post boxes.
Lastly, from the Philatelic Store @ GPO Exclusives we have the SingPost Postman and Postwoman Mini Figurines Collection. These figurines are from the lego collection, perfect home and office decoration. I like how both of them are holding on to a letter, representing their roles well. Besides that, if you look closely, you can see the Singapore post logo on their uniforms as well. Each mini figurines are available at S$28 each but why break the couple apart when you can get both for S$50.
Premium Gifts: Local Delights Collection
Who love sweets? I know I do! Thus, Singpost have came out with a festive collection called the local delights collection. Aside from featuring traditional biscuits and sweets, there’s also kuehs and other traditional festive treats.
As seen from above, there’s a beautiful Local Delights Tea Towel next to the red pillar posting box tea towel. The Kueh Tea Towel comes with a Mystamp sheet. They retail for S$22.90.
Local Delights & Traditional Biscuits Greeting Cards
Besides the tea towel and MyStamp sheet, the local delights collection also offer multiple greeting cards. You can choose to purchase the greeting cards individually at S$8.90 each or purchase them in a set of 4 for S$35.60. Sets of 4 comes in 2 categories, the local delights group and traditional biscuits group. I like how there’s a stamp that comes with each greeting card. It represented the illustration on the cards well.
Traditional Biscuits Magnet Set
The traditional biscuits magnet set comes in a beautiful packaging where colorful gem biscuits could be seen dancing at the front. So pretty! I still remember when I was a young child, I would always get reprimanded for eating the top part of the biscuits only. “But Mom! I only like the sweet part!” Oh, those days. You can relieve those days again by getting this everlasting biscuits magnet set for S$28.
National Stamps |“Greetings” Stamp series
Next, we’re moving on to Singapore’s most recognized icon. In fact it’s our national icon. That’s right, it’s the merlion. If you’re wondering what a merlion emoji will look like, here it is.
The Merlions depicts 10 everyday expression that convey common greetings and phrases. Similar to the modern day emoji, the national symbol is reflected in a fun and colourful way, attracting everyone’s attention.
The stamp sets comes in 2 two denominations - 1st Local and 2nd Local. Each denomination have 5 designs. The complete set of stamps that include the 10 designs retails at S$3.35. The Pre-cancelled First Day Covers with the complete set of stamps are available at S$4.30 (Only on 15 Nov 2017).
“Greeting” Series Postcards
Besides the stamps, the “Greeting” Series are also portrayed on the postcards. The postcards are sold individually for S$1.60 and available in a set of 5 for S$5. Now, if only these Merlion icons were actual emojis, they would be so popular.
Psst. The Greeting Collection is also available on a Coaster set. See that here.
Thematic MyStamp: Changi Mystical Garden with Sanrio Characters
Calling all Sanrio lovers! More specifically, Hello Kitty, Dear Daniel, Cinnamoroll, Pompompurin, My Melody, Gudetama and Little Twin Stars lovers. Join this festive season with Changi Mystical Garden with Sanrio Characters themed stamps.
For those of you wondering what is Changi Mystical Garden, it is an ongoing event at Changi Airport Terminal 3 where there’s a physical garden you can explore. There’s also games, light shows, snow shows, playground and tote bag stamping. You can view more details on Changi’s official website here. Or check out Little Day Out’s blog article on 10 things to see and do at Changi Mystical Garden.
Aside from redeeming Sanrio plushies from Changi Terminal 3, you can get yourself a stamp folder with a free lanyard too. The stamp folder with free lanyard is available at the Philatelic Store @ GPO as well. Each Changi Mystical Garden with Sanrio Characters retails at S$21.80.
Other Festive Gift Ideas
Besides the festive collections, you can browse various other gift ideas with philately designs in store. These includes the $5-$10 quick buys, panda stuff toys, notebook and so much more.
Source: Singpost and Sample store
Presenting the $5 - $10 festive gift catalog of Philatelic Store @ GPO. You can also get a free gift wrapper with every purchase too.
There are various vintage series cross body backs, posting boxes canvas tote bags, philatelic tote bags and even mail bags. One of my favorite bags is this vintage series, small crossbody bag. The word ‘journal’ at the front suits me so perfectly since I do journalling and scrapbooking. You can view my journal entries here.
Aside from that, you can browse various Singapore themed items. These items feature landmarks from Mariana Bays Sands skyline to Singapore’s heritage.
Alongside to locally themed items, you can purchased a variant of foreign stamps and trending themed stamp albums in the store as well. Some of them includes Batman vs Superman and Rio 2016 Summer Olympics.
Fun fact: Do you know that the ancient Olympics Games was created as a celebration for Zeus. As time passed, the Olympics added more games and eventually it become what you see now.
At this section, we have beautiful prints and greeting cards that feature the landmarks of Singapore. With each print and greeting card, you get a stamp with it too.
P.s. The stamps are pasted on the prints and greeting cards, as you see here.
In addition to the traditional biscuits magnet sets, the store retails magnet sets that feature Singapore landmarks and Peranakan designs. The cover of the boxes even give a snippet of the magnets design history.
On this wall here you can view and purchase these exquisite art prints featuring Singapore’s traditional sites and Singapore skyline.
All these stamps and other gift collection could be purchased in store or online at: https://shop.singpost.com/
Food of the day
Moving on to delicious food. Food of the day is provided by Brunches Cafe. As seen from the spread there are various items to choose from. Menu of the day was Salad, Raisin Rice, mixed vegetables and mushrooms, fried fish fillet and baked chicken. Personally I love the mixed corn and mushroom for they were seasoned to perfection. The baked chicken were lightly seasoned with black pepper. It was also rather tender and topped with some raisins. The salad was coated with an adequate amount of dressing such that the vegetables won’t overwhelmed. I like how there are a variety of vegetables in the salad - tomato, cherry tomato, lettuce, cucumber, raisins, croutons and some seeds. All in all, food was good especially for my hungry self.
Brunches Cafe
Brunches Cafe is the latest Chic Vintage cafe and Bakery. Located in the neighborhood of Farrer Park MRT, Brunches Cafe is a must hop cafe for breakfast and tea time lovers . They serve All-day Breakfast Menu, limited high tea sets, western food, dessert and so much more! You can view their menu here. Brunches Cafe also feature vintage furniture collection that are ready to be purchased in their shop.You can even hold your parties at their cafe or have them cater their food to your location. Check out their information here:
Website | Facebook | Instagram
Yes, this is the photo I was holding at the start of this post.
I looked like I just jumped out from wonderland.
Behind The Scenes Photography
What is a media event with photos? Well, here are the photos. Huge thanks to Behind The Scenes Photography for the photos, printouts and props. You can check out their Instagram page that is filled with so many behind the scenes photos from the event and other events too.
Singapore Tentage | TheWarehouseCompany
Are you looking to rent a tent? What about some props for your event? Run by the same people behind, Behind The Scenes Photography, you can rent your things and props here: Singapore Tentage Website | The Warehouse Company Instagram
We have finally rolled to the end of this post. Huge thanks to Sample Store and Singpost for the invite. It was interesting to see so many different kinds of stamps and gifts at the Philatelic Store @ GPO. My favourite part of the store is definitely this red pillar posting box printed on this tote bag. It’s always exciting to see part of history being revived.
Stamps and other gift collection could be purchased in store or online at: https://shop.singpost.com/
Philatelic Store @ GPO
10 Eunos Road 8
#01-127/128
SingPost Centre
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Molecular analysis of immunoglobulin variable genes supports a germinal center experienced normal counterpart in primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg-type
Publication date: Available online 26 July 2017
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science
Author(s): Anne Pham-Ledard, Martina Prochazkova-Carlotti, Mélanie Deveza, Marie-Pierre Laforet, Marie Beylot-Barry, Béatrice Vergier, Marie Parrens, Jean Feuillard, Jean-Philippe Merlio, Nathalie Gachard
BackgroundImmunophenotype of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg-type (PCLBCL-LT) suggests a germinal center-experienced B lymphocyte (BCL2+ MUM1+ BCL6+/−).ObjectivesAs maturation history of B-cell is "imprinted" during B-cell development on the immunoglobulin gene sequence, we studied the structure and sequence of the variable part of the genes (IGHV, IGLV, IGKV), immunoglobulin surface expression and features of class switching in order to determine the PCLBCL-LT cell of origin.MethodsClonality analysis with BIOMED2 protocol and VH leader primers was done on DNA extracted from frozen skin biopsies on retrospective samples from 14 patients. The clonal DNA IGHV sequence of the tumor was aligned and compared with the closest germline sequence and homology percentage was calculated. Superantigen binding sites were studied. Features of selection pressure were evaluated with the multinomial Lossos model.ResultsA functional monoclonal sequence was observed in 14 cases as determined for IGHV (10), IGLV (2) or IGKV (3). IGV mutation rates were high (>5%) in all cases but one (median:15.5%), with superantigen binding sites conservation. Features of selection pressure were identified in 11/12 interpretable cases, more frequently negative (75%) than positive (25%). Intraclonal variation was detected in 3 of 8 tumor specimens with a low rate of mutations. Surface immunoglobulin was an IgM in 12/12 cases. FISH analysis of IGHM locus, deleted during class switching, showed heterozygous IGHM gene deletion in half of cases. The genomic PCR analysis confirmed the deletions within the switch μ region. IGV sequences were highly mutated but functional, with negative features of selection pressure suggesting one or more germinal center passage(s) with somatic hypermutation, but superantigen (SpA) binding sites conservation. Genetic features of class switch were observed, but on the non functional allele and co-existing with primary isotype IgM expression.ConclusionThese data suggest that cell-of origin is germinal center experienced and superantigen driven selected B-cell, in a stage between germinal center B-cell and plasma cell.
http://ift.tt/2uFZY5z
from OtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2v2sCzO
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MERCEDESOM je upravljao Merlinov sin, a policija je obavila razgovor i s glazbenikom. http://ift.tt/eA8V8J
http://www.index.hr/magazin/clanak/dino-merlio-dozivio-prometnu-nesrecu-u-sarajevu/953374.aspx
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