#confucian heritage cultures

[notfreetoday]

On Returning Favors in Jun & Jun

First of all @plantsarepeopletoo and @twig-tea I'm really sorry I couldn't do this in a reblog to your original post - I think there were just too many gifs and tumblr wouldn't let me post it once I started adding links - so I reblogged a link to this post instead! Second of all - apologies for just randomly jumping in all of a sudden but I think a lot of things are being read through different cultural lenses here and I thought it'd be nice to exchange perspectives. Returning favors seems to be seen as an imposed burden in OP's post, something that is demanded of an individual as opposed to an individual expressing their desire to show appreciation. Also, some of the English subs are awkward, and whilst I certainly don't speak enough Korean to give a blow-by-blow translation - I've asked friends who do and done some research for myself.

Except, the comment about not letting Jun eat made me cautious. Telling him to eat, and not skip, like Jun was prone to skipping breakfast, but we saw he was already at the convince store. It's the start of the implied ineptitude of Jun.

Asking if someone has eaten, and reminding someone to eat, to most Asians, is more of a way to show concern for each other than it is an actual, functional question. Hyun Jae is simply expressing his care for Lee Jun, not actually implying that Lee Jun doesn't know how to take care of himself. As for the comment Lee Jun makes about "previously you wouldn't even let me drink a sip of water" - this has been mentioned in some of the show's already released BTS videos/interviews where they each introduce their characters but not in specifically in the show yet so [SPOILER IN YELLOW] this is a reference to Hyun Jae previously being Lee Jun's manager when he was an idol.

I'm going to go out on a limb and say that Jo Chan Hyun Hyun Jae is the one who made Jun think he NEEDED to return favors. He at least is using the idea of favors to get closer to Jun. But who demands, expects, or allows close friends/brothers to return favors for things like that? That's just a "thank you"

I don't really feel as if Hyun Jae is demanding anything in return - I think Lee Jun wants to do it of his own volition. As a junior in a workplace, having a senior give you little tips, even if it's just about the type of people at the office, is often appreciated. And whilst it is considered good manners to look for a way to "repay" or "give back" or "return the favor" as a way of showing gratitude and acknowledging their effort, it is not expected, and if a senior lorded a favor over a junior then that would be considered poor behavior (unfortunately toxic workplace environments and harassment in Korea is well known). But here all Hyun Jae has done thus far is to look out for Lee Jun and make sure he settles in well, and really all Lee Jun would need to do in return is to be respectful, listen closely and do his best in his job (not putting in effort would result in a loss of face for Hyun Jae). A step further would be to treat someone to a meal as thanks or bring back some local delicacies from your hometown or after coming back from a holiday (again, we Asians like food). However, the show has established that Lee Jun feels very strongly about returning favors so that someone's kindness isn't taken for granted - so he pays a lot more attention to these things than the average person. I do, however, agree that Hyun Jae pays special attention to Lee Jun because well, he likes him.

Lee Jun is ordering the coffees just fine, honestly. Then Hyun pulls this stunt and starts rattling off orders. To impress Jun? To make Jun feel off balance?

I think this may not have come across in the English subtitles - Lee Jun makes a small mistake when ordering the drinks - he says "two ice vanilla lattes, and 5 americanos...and..." - because he forgets to indicate that the americanos are iced as well, the lady at the cashier interrupts him to confirm "iced...right?" but turns towards Hyun Jae instead. Lee Jun follows up saying "oh yes 4 iced americanos and 1 hot, and one hot chocolate latte, and lemonade...". This is the part where Hyun Jae interrupts Lee Jun and rattles off the orders in verbal shorthand instead. I don't actually see this as Hyun Jae pulling a stunt but...as someone who has made similar coffee runs for my seniors before, I will say I was sufficiently impressed hahaha It's a more efficient way of ordering and well as a newbie who will likely be making many coffee runs in the future, it's good for Lee Jun to know that (it really is quite a stressful thing and it's not easy to learn the verbal shorthand yourself). It does also show that Hyun Jae takes care of his team, because he knows these orders by heart, which means he's going himself and not sending the youngest on the team to go. And it's also a nice way to fit in the 2nd reference to the spoiler up in yellow I mentioned earlier. The rest of the conversation in the coffee shop... I don't actually think Hyun Jae is being condescending at all. Admittedly, some of the phrasings sound awkward in English - "High maintenance" for eg is not the best translation and sounds rather insulting in English - that whole sentence is probably more like "you really are new (to this) aren't you! Or hmm... maybe it's just that you're a handful?". Incidentally this is the same phrase that Choi Jun will use to describe Lee Jun later too - and in both situations, Lee Jun protests that phrase. Here, when Lee Jun says he's better with the skills one needs to function in society (not just social skills), Hyun Jae offers the praise that Lee Jun has always done well in that aspect - hence Lee Jun's shy smile and "really?". Maybe the sentence after that, where Lee Jun says "I still have many areas I'm not good in right? For now, I'll have to trouble you to keep looking out for me, even if that might be annoying for you", sounds a little too deferential in English? It's actually a really common way to talk about yourself and ask for continued guidance when you're new - it's also implied that you will make mistakes because of how new you are, and you're asking for leniency when it does happen. There are many versions of this phrase in many different languages (mostly Confucian Heritage Cultures) but it is an explicit request (and in some places, is accompanied by a gift, if more formal). Hence in response to that request Hyun Jae asks "so how will you repay me? Don't tell me... you're just saying that (without really meaning it)?". It's at this point that Lee Jun switches from addressing Hyun Jae as Hyung to his work title, Team Leader, and asks "Is there anything you might like to eat?". Again, this is really common - treating someone to a meal as a way to express thanks (yes we really like food). Hyun Jae then suggests Lee Jun treats him to a meal with his first paycheck.

This is like reaching a milestone in life. It may sound like I'm exaggerating, but it's true. This isn't about owning anyone a favor, it's about expressing gratitude to someone who has gone out of their way to help you in your life, and it feels good to be able to do it. When I first started work, my seniors and superiors paid for my meals whenever we went to eat. No amount of protesting was going to stop that - because I was "young" and "still learning". I still remember how it felt when I finally moved up in rank and my senior actually allowed me to pay for myself (but not treat), and a few years later, my (much more senior) mentor finally accepted my formal request to bring her out for dinner - because that was an acknowledgement that I had "grown up". There's a reason why Lee Jun is so enthusiastic about using his first paycheck to treat Hyun Jae - it's a recognition of Lee Jun's ability and well, of becoming someone who can contribute to society.

About the chocolate milk - no that's just Hyun Jae chasing Lee Jun hahaha Now I'm sorry for replying to 2 blog posts in one reblog but...

did Hyun Jae not just agree when Lee Jun asked if the Director was nice in ep1 (instead he caveats "you could say that")?

Here Lee Jun actually asks "So (based on what you said) it seems like the Director is a good person?" to which Hyun Jae replies "Mmm... (seems like) a good person, right?". He's not really throwing shade here, he's just agreeing with Lee Jun (and asking for Lee Jun's confirmation - you can read more about the ~지(요) sentence ending here)

Did I imagine him holding his lanyard down so that he would not have to hold the coffee cup with two hands when handing it to Choi Jun?

This is also an acceptable way to hand something to someone actually (3rd point from the bottom)

About the direction Hyun Jae is facing when he drinks - no clue actually. I thought it was weird too.

Ok so ends my sharing! Sorry it got so long. If you're interested in more discussions about social hierarchy in Confucian Heritage Cultures, I've written a small section here when I talked about Win/Team from Between Us (Korea and the Thai-Chinese community are both considered CHCs and thus the concept of the senior/junior dynamic is similar)

#jun and jun #cultural differences #confucian heritage cultures #i'm still rooting for jun/jun #i hope hyun jae doesn't get too depressed :(

[lesewut]

"The many splendoured Thing" by Han Suyin, is an autobiographical work about the tragic relationship of love between the half-Chinese Suyin and the American war-correspondent Mark Elliott, in the background of the Korea-War in 1948/49. Originally published 1952, this German edition is from 1953.

The world seems to change fast, but this impression was as well shared decades and centuries before. A possible way to understand the present world a little bit, can be tracked back in the past (but be careful with historical researches !!). When it comes to China and its global means, it is very important to shed light on the mentality of the folk, that is, in my opinion, wrongly accused by popular media though to ignorance and superiority... The lack of individuality would be an example of accusation, but it is often unmentioned, that the Chinese folk had to learn terms like group cohesion that is strenghtening the cooperation for an higher aspiration, like the aim of becoming a World Power again.

In the novel of Han Suyin, the love Story between an Eurasian Woman and an American war-correspondent appeals to be in the foreground, but we can also see this as a strategy of the followed narrative of demonstrating the many aspects of Chinese culture that lead to the diligent and relentless effort, where created under huge pressure (British Colony) and established a viability, that is the secret of the general mental resilience and economic recovery. Just to make it short...

"What could they expect different, after our preaches, in China? We combined Christ with emanzipation, the social-reform and the building of hospitals. We had the seed for this montrous power, which governs China and will astonish the world. We, the missionaries, and not Marx or the Russian. We, with our missionary-schools and universities and Christian Organisations for Young Men and Women. The Communism came later and occupied the strenght and power, gave them names of forms - because we could not give you anything else. We made the youth get used to form groups. We used to laugh about your introvert tendencies and your disgust against the masses, destroyed it finally. We have made your aestheticising scholars give up their poetry and teached them using feather and language, instead for individual joy, as a benefit for millions (...)"

Han Suyin is emphasizing multiple times, that the sense of community aroused by the missionary work and the Chinese folk was traditionally a folk of individuals, in which each of them were able to survive through to self-sufficiency. Throughout the novel the cultural gap can not be bridged, even the love appears to be too shallow, Han Suyin has some very radical and rigorous thoughts on patriotism and her sharp rhetoric, when it comes to protect what she considers as valuable.

The novel can be considered as a work with perennial motifs, Suyin pursues with her publications to potray her fatherland (her mother is Flemish; noteable here is the ethnic discrimination in China, we should not underestimate !!! ) in critical view with European post-colonial legacy. In Suyin's novels political and cultural conflicts between "East and West" are not only potrayed, but are key functions of her depiction.

"O Heaven!, I whispered. "Have mercy with me" Finally I knew, what love is in its eternity: That God has chosen us, with this death-likely passion, so we can give each other the life. The life, that never ends. Like in the fairy-tales, where they still live happily together, where they are still joyfull, when they aren't past away yet, because the Normal was the Unreal and the Vanity (...) A little while I cried, full of sorrow, that the Normal was not meant for us, that the ease and comfort between man and woman, the steady calming of humane warmth against the humane loneliness, was not meant for us."

Hollywood was not afraid to film "A Many Splendoured Thing" in 1955 as a kitschy love movie (typical serving manner for the audience :') ..), which she never saw and distanced herself from it. Suyins ambition was it to "to make a new Asian literature, not teach Dickens." The Chinese Communist Party honoured Suyin and her work, calling her "the old friend of the Chinese folk", but I can not figure out her present meaning in China.

It was uncommen, but fun to read and partake this journey, I am also always glad, when I can collect poets from all over the world and time, as I have gathered some fragments, I would like to share:

Nah Lan (no information found yet..) Li Po I see the people of this world; They live, then return again to death. Yesterday morn they were still sixteen, Hale and hearty, men of ambition. And now they’re over seventy, Their strength thwarted and their bodies withered. They’re just like blossoms on a spring day: At dawn they bloom, and by night they fall

Li Ho Chu Ask the Lord, how much pain can a soul bear? As much, as the river of spring-time, a flooded river that flows to the East.

#Chinese literature #autobiographical novel #confucianism #understanding China #Chinese culture and heritage #Han Suyin #inter-cultural-love #romantic literature #Chinese poetry #1953 #christ_and_communism #British_Colony #book cover

[asideoftrashplease]

On racism and the moral condemnation of certain danmei characters

In light of recent fandom discourse, I’ve been thinking of this open letter by diaspora, published in July last year. This statement really hit hard for me. Since then, I’ve talked to other diaspora at length about the meaning MDZS and the wider danmei fandom holds for us, the ways interacting with fandom can be a deeply painful experience, and the way that pain can be exacerbated by fandom discourse— in this particular case, black-and-white moral statements about certain characters, and by extension, about certain aspects of Chinese culture.

For non-Chinese people, I feel like danmei can be "just" a fandom, a book that you can pick up and put down. But for us diaspora, it's a lot more fraught. A common theme I've observed across a lot of the diaspora I know is the sense of having at some point shunned Chinese culture, language, or heritage, and thus becoming alienated from it, only to regret it later. Being in danmei fandom and being immersed in our culture forces us, in a lot of ways, to confront the ways we've grown alienated from our own culture. And in that way, it also forces us to confront the painful reasons for that alienation.

For a lot of western diaspora, it's confronting the racism they face as minorities, which caused them to shun their culture out of a wish to integrate fully and be accepted by others. For me, as someone living in Asia, it's confronting the sexism, homophobia, and transphobia rampant in our society. It’s confronting the many ways I've been told, angrily, and with disgust, that I do not have a place in Chinese culture because I am a queer, non-binary feminist, and that I’m “westernized” for believing in my own rights.

I feel in a lot of ways, danmei fandom has become a space in which diaspora can "come home", a safe space we can reconnect with our culture, and celebrate it in a prejudice-free zone. But too often, we face racist microaggressions in the way non-Chinese audiences condemn parts of our culture. Sometimes, it’s even outright racism, open declarations that “Chinese culture is backwards and barbaric”. All this drives us to have to DEFEND our culture against western audiences in our own safe space, even the aspects of it that we struggle with ourselves, the aspects that are the very basis of our own oppression. As the statement explains:

There is often a frankly stunning lack of self-awareness re: cultural biases and blind spots when it comes to discussions of MDZS, particularly moral ones. There are countless righteous claims and hot takes on certain aspects of the story, its author, and the characters that are so clearly rooted in a Euroamerican political and moral framework that does not reflect Chinese cultural realities and experiences.

Too often, I’ve seen fellow diaspora having to tackle issues of corporal punishment in the discussion of YZY and JC. I’ve seen diaspora having to defend collectivist norms or Confucian social hierarchy, or to explain the sexism and homophobia woven deeply into Chinese society, in discussions of characters like JC, LXC, and LQR. Often, these defenses are prompted by western audiences attempting to paint these characters, their fans, or even MXTX herself as BAD and WRONG in completely black and white terms. When diaspora have tried to provide perspective that “unfortunately, these mindsets are still prevalent and accepted in Chinese society, so the issue is really not so black and white”— they get slapped with accusations like “abuse apologist” and “homophobe”. OFTEN, we also get slapped with racist remarks or insinuations that we and our culture are backwards and barbaric.

The unfortunate fact is that due to the prevalence and widespread acceptance of these mindsets, we navigate a society where people we care about, people we love, people we know to care about us deeply, are inflicting these prejudices and oppressive hierarchies on us. Our defense of these parts of Chinese culture is often, in fact, a defense of our parents, family, and friends, the people we care about and love. Sometimes, it’s also because we’ve been outright and directly accused of “homophobia” “sexism” and “apologism” for liking these characters and producing positive meta of them. But do you think we like doing this? Do you think we LIKE having to defend the parts of Confucian hierarchy, the parts of broader Chinese society that oppress us?

Discovering MDZS was wondrous for me, it was like finding a promised land where I finally have a place in Chinese culture, language, media, and society. Here, I get to reconnect with my culture alongside other queer diaspora, other people who are like me. It has helped me to come to terms with both my queer identity and my Chinese identity, and it is helping me to reconcile the two. That's why MDZS fandom is a deeply meaningful place for a lot of diaspora. It is a safe space where we can “come home” to our culture and heritage.

That is why I am asking: PLEASE do not make this place a hostile environment for Chinese diaspora. PLEASE do not normalize the demonization of Chinese culture and Chinese people. No one is telling you that you have to agree with and be comfortable with all aspects of Chinese culture. HECK, most of us diaspora aren’t! No one is telling you that you have to like characters that represent these uncomfortable aspects. Not all diaspora like those characters either. But please— do not thoughtlessly fling around moral accusations. Please do not demonize diaspora for saying things that you disagree with.

To you, danmei and the culture depicted in it may just be a work of fiction— a book you can scrutinize, pick apart, and morally condemn, before closing the book and walking away to resume your life. But to us, it is a difficult and fraught social reality that we have to live with and navigate every single day of our lives. And so, I’d like to end off by quoting a line from the statement’s conclusion, a line that has stuck with me since it was published:

We don’t have the luxury of stepping away from our culture when we get tired of it. We don’t get to put it down and walk away when it gets difficult. But if you’re not Chinese or Chinese diaspora, you get to put this book down—we’d like to kindly request that you put it down gently.

#i hesitate to put this in the canon jc tag #bc its not fully about jc but also about yzy lxc lqr and others #its also about demonization of mxtx and other danmei authors #i also dont want diaspora issues and the words and feelings of diaspora #to be used as gotchas by non-chinese people in fandom wars #i dont want to see accusations of racism being flung around #but i feel this needs to be said #jiang cheng #yu ziyuan #lan qiren #mdzs #danmei #meta #canon jiang cheng

[the-monkey-ruler]

Lovely China - The Great Qingdao of New Journey to the West (2022) 可爱的中国-新西游研学旅行记之了不起的青岛

Director: Li Minghao Screenwriter: Chen Penglin Genre: Comedy Country/Region of Production: Mainland China Language: Chinese Date: 2022-11-12 (Mainland China) Number of episodes: 13 Single episode length: 45 minutes Type: Crossover

Summary:

This is a national study and travel program that uses ancient astronomy, archeology, and oracle bones to reveal the secrets of Chinese civilization. This season, the old artists of the 86 version of Journey to the West and Professor Feng Shi, the founder of ancient astronomy and archaeology, led the children to explore more than 30 natural and cultural heritage resorts in the Haidai Civilization Zone of China, ranging from astronomical and ancient relics, geography and folk customs, The five dimensions of humanistic intangible cultural heritage, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and red culture provide a clear understanding of the origin and development of the Haidai civilization in the Jiaodong Peninsula.

Source: https://www.zhihu.com/topic/26562958/intro

Link: https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/media/md28340178

#Lovely China - The Great Qingdao of New Journey to the West #可爱的中国-新西游研学旅行记之了不起的青岛 #jttw media #jttw television #television #live action #crossover #jttw 1986 #jttw86 #sun wukong #tang sanzang #zhu bajie #sha wujing

[megashadowdragon]

Persona 5's VILLAINS are REAL (Japanese Context of each Palace Ruler)

In director Hashino’s own words, “Persona 5 is unabashedly Japanese.” So I’ll be highlighting the real life people, cases, and sociocultural issues that served to inspire every corrupt Palace Ruler in the game. I’ll also discuss uniquely Japanese concepts like “gaman” and “shikata ga nai,” and how they play a role in preventing people from challenging abusive authority. As someone of Japanese American heritage, fostering better cultural understanding and context when it comes to Persona games just means a lot to me.

Timestamps: 0:00 Intro 1:29 Interviews w Hashino & Japan's Confucian Values, Filial Piety 6:45 Kamoshida: Abuses in Secondary Education 14:06 Madarame: the Frauds tarnishing Japan's art world 20:30 Kaneshiro: "Hangure" vs. the Yakuza 27:31 Okumura: "Karoshi" CEO turned politician 34:42 Shido: Shinzo, the Nationalists, and a "trail of bodies..." 45:44 Gaman, shikata ga nai, and effects on "rebellion"

#persona 5 #persona 5 royal #kunikazu okumura #suguru kamoshida #kamoshida suguru #ichiryusai madarame #junya kaneshiro #p5 shido

[fateandloveentwined]

I've been watching Oh My General, which (according to the guide that you made) is a Confucianist Wuxia drama, and it does have lots of royalty power struggle, very rigid hierarchy roles that provoke scandals and allat. A while ago I also read an essay on the history of Daoism, how it stemmed from Confucianism in the period of political disturbance, and how it came to be so ideologically different over time and. it's just so so interesting watching all this drama and secrets and knowledge and vengeance and complicated family connections between the royalty, while my only thoughts are "wow, I wonder how much shorter the plot would have been if they just Talked With Words instead of worrying about staying in accordance with their status and not crossing the line". like, I get you now, Zhuang Zhou

Oh yes haha isn't the "not talking it out and having a bajillion things happen in its stead" the focus of every story. It's interesting!! how Daoism is a philosophy that distances itself from the hustles of society like Confucianism, Legalism, and Mohism, and talks of living a more idealised (and blithe? or jaded?) life outside the confines of what society dictates.

Confucian philosophy is fun as well, that once the emperors have chosen it as the philosophy to follow above all others in the Han Dynasty, it has sort of evolved to become an etiquette and culturally rooted ideology -- somewhat part of an immaterial heritage. And hence the many people in historical drama living by these confines, and maybe not really adhering to them by heart -- all for the show haha.

#chinese philosophy #chinese #chinese culture #cdrama #of course there are genuine and noble people #those are the protags that suffer rip #or maybe protags are morally questionable characters as well #but it's fun tying philosophy to history and fiction especially when it's contained and neat within a single culture/country #what can i say #fate's stuff #i tries to answer

[bidisaster-peanut-romano]

Do you think any of the students are religious or come from a religious household?

Mandy is supposed to be ‘a church going girl’ ,but idk if she's actually religious. I reckon that there'd be at least one greaser that would take a bedazzling gun and write ‘John 3:16’ or something in metal studs on their jacket

oh why hi!!

i'll start from mandy since you gave me the first example and i see exactly what you mean. she probably grew up christian and, since she's not yet in a phase of questioning the way she's been brought up, she still goes to church and so forth

but she's not that much of a believer, honestly it's more a matter of… not stopping what she's been doing. she probably cringes a bit even when people bring up religious stuff

also picking up on the greaser thing. both ricky and johnny are deeply catholic.

ricky's father was born and raised in naples, so ricky grew up with that. he always wears a cross under his shirt

johnny's family was never particularly religious, but he always believed strongly. something something if god has forgiveness for everyone maybe there's some hope for me too

peanut and his mother aren't religious either, but he has a… special relationship?? with mary. like he's no jesus but. a young girl who was preparing herself to be an adult but whose life was turned upside down by a pregnancy that would've given a new meaning to her life? he always kinda saw his mom that way. if that makes sense

most preps were raised christian too i think, protestant?? but they vary in. how much they really believe

(also this applies to most of the students tbh. some define themselves atheists, such as beatrice or lance, or still say they're christian but don't care about religion much, like bo or gordon, but generally not many students have a strong sense of religion)

tad for example has. a difficult relationship with religion. bc god is a father and he's compassionate and forgiving but to him that's… a disturbing discrepancy

justin wonders if mary ever hated her child. if she would've wanted to live a different life instead of being an important man's mother forever. his mother sure does.

parker was raised christian by his father, but he learned about confucianism from his uncle (his mother's brother, since her side of the family has korean origins). his father never liked it though, so parker is usually quite quiet about his religion

pete's family is of polish jewish origins; to him, his religion has less to do with his spiritual beliefs and more with the bond with his family, his cultural heritage and his community

cornelius is studying pagan religions and witchcraft; the other nerds took a while to understand that he was seriously religious and not just interested intellectually (the way melvin is, for example)

constantinos' parents both come from christian orthodox families, but neither them nor him are particularly religious

#to me its also pretty that im answering this as on christmas day tbh!! not to shove it down everyones throats but. lots of feels #also i noticed theres a shit ton of christian-related stuff in proportion and i apologize!! in my defense i grew up in a tight knit catholi #community and a good portion of ppl i know either are still hardcore believers or are recovering from some level of religious trauma so. #gotta project those on someone hfjd #if anyone has something else to add ill gladly read!! bc of my background i have. less familiarity w the way. other people can Feel abt #their religion/the religion they were brought up with/religion as a concept so ill be more than happy to listen!! #bully #canis canem edit #bully canis canem edit #bully scholarship edition #bully anniversary edition #cce #bully cce #odyposts

[bohanzhaoblog]

Staying true to myself, Keeping the original heart

Parents, teachers, guardians, and other adults are full of advice. Their influence on our identity, values, and beliefs is profound. In my personal journey, various individuals, such as my parents, elders, siblings, grandparents, role models, and mentors, have shaped who I am today. Growing up, I was exposed to sayings, expressions, and advice that left a lasting impact on me.

One particular saying that resonates deeply with me is from an ancient Chinese poem by the poet Wang Bo:“老当益壮，宁移白首之心；穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。” which means: 'Though old, still vigorous, with a heart that seeks youth's dream; though poor, still resolute, with an ambition that shall rush straight to the clouds.' In China, cultural education for children is highly valued, and through these ancient texts, children are taught not only about tradition and cultural confidence but also about forming their values and worldview.

From a young age, my parents taught me verses from the 'Three Character Classic' and 'Confucian Analects.' At school, the explanation of famous classical poems was a key focus of our language classes. In daily life, my elders often imparted wisdom and lessons passed down through generations. Among them, the aforementioned saying stood out to me, capturing the spirit of perseverance, staying true to oneself, and yearning for youthful ideals, much like the sentiment expressed in 'Home Street.' This poem, like the rich heritage of Chinese culture, has an enduring legacy, and it, along with the teachings of my elders, has had a significant influence on my personal growth.

Even now, living in a foreign land, these influences continue to shape me. I strive to uphold the virtues and spirit I have learned—staying true to myself, keeping the original heart—despite being far away from my roots."

2023/7/10

[mamingrenherbalplaster]

Mr.Yu Youren wrote an inscription for Ma Mingren Plaster in Xi'an

Ma Mingren Plaster, a national intangible cultural heritage, has been operating in the ancient city of Xi'an for a hundred years, and its family has followed the family precept of "benevolence and filial piety" for generations. But behind these four words, there is a little-known history and memory of home country.

The story goes back to 1937, when Japan invaded China completely. In the same year, the Japanese army began to investigate and bomb Xi'an. Especially after the Japanese army established an aviation base in Yuncheng, Shanxi Province in 1938, the air strikes against Xi'an became more frequent and rampant, and lasted for seven years. The Japanese bombing caused a painful disaster to the ancient city of Xi'an and the people. According to public statistics, the cumulative number of casualties exceeded 3,400, and more than 6,700 houses were destroyed.

During the bombing, "Ma Mingren Plaster Shop" was not spared, and shops, medicinal materials and appliances were all burned down. Faced with this situation, Mr. Ma Mingren was saddened. However, at the head of the national crisis, the Ma family can only collect medicinal materials in Taibai Mountain and reorganize the plaster shop. On the other hand, use the remaining property to purchase disaster relief items and take in the surrounding affected people.

Because of Mr.Ma Mingren's superb medical skills, good will and charity, and once cured waist diseases for General Yang Hucheng, neighboring villagers recommended him to coordinate disaster relief. During this period, Ma's family tried their best to rescue patients. "After curing the disease, they didn't take any money, so that the normal life of the family is unsustainable.".

In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), Mr. Yu Youren, then the director of supervision, went back to his hometown to visit relatives. When he heard about this, he learned that Ma Mingren was born in Meixian County, Shaanxi Province, and repeatedly praised that he had characters of Zhang Zi ( a great Confucian in ancient china,a fellow countryman with Ma Mingren).

Mr. Yu Youren specially rushed to the reopened Ma Mingren Plaster Shop, praising: "We have known that Ma's ancestors had the family motto of'Benevolence and Kindness', and as descendants, they can let patients try before buying. They don't take any points for the poor and lonely people, don't be humble or arrogant for the high positions of power, and don't cure the corrupt officials and bullies. This time, they are righteous to save the disaster people. If you love people with a heart of loving yourself, you will be benevolent! (Zhang Zai's famous remark) "

After speaking, Mr.Yu Youren waved on the spot and re-inscribed the calligraphy  "Benevolence and Kindness" for Ma Mingren herbal plaster shop, which was made into a plaque for gift.

Unfortunately, Mr. Yu Youren's calligraphy inscription and the corresponding plaque were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, which made people sigh. However, Mr.Yu Youren's story of calligraphy inscription for Ma Mingren Plaster Shop spread among the people in the ancient city of Xi'an, and became a common memory of the family history and old Xi'an city.

 △ Calligraphy inscription of Mr. Yu Youren (Restoration)

#Intangible cultural heritage #ma mingren plaster #china #yu youren

[triponkorea]

Things to Do in Seoul

1.  Gyeongbokgung Palace

King Taejo built Gyeongbokgung Palace in 1395. It is the largest and most impressive of the five grand palaces constructed during the Joseon dynasty. There are over 300 buildings to explore, as well as The National Folk Museum and The National Palace Museum, which are must-sees for history buffs. Within the palace grounds, remnants of the Joseon Dynasty such as the Gyeonghoe-ru Pavilion, Hyangwonjeong Pond, and sculptures of Geunjeongjeon (The Royal Audience Chamber) remain relatively intact.

2. N Seoul Tower

N Seoul Tower, located on Namsan Mountain in central Seoul, is a modern structure. From its observatory, 237 meters above ground, you can enjoy panoramic views of Seoul. Inside, there's also a digital observatory and a plethora of souvenir shops, restaurants, and cafes.

Couples frequently attach padlocks and love notes to the fence on the first floor of N Seoul Tower as a symbol of love. Year-round, its outdoor stage hosts traditional performances and exhibitions.

3. Lotte World is number three.

Lotte World, located in central Seoul, is one of the largest indoor theme parks in the world. It caters to visitors of all ages with thrilling rides, films, an ice rink, lively parades, and laser shows. You can also visit the onsite folk museum, which features miniature villages and artifacts dating back over 5,000 years.

4. Market in Myeongdong

If you want to go shopping during your visit to Seoul, Myeongdong Market is the place to go. It is one of the most important shopping districts in South Korea, with dozens of department stores, shopping malls, and street-side shops. Popular items include low-cost clothing, shoes, accessories, jewelry, and handbags from both domestic and international brands. Over 1,000 stores sell Korean cosmetics and skincare.

5. Palace of Changdeok 

Changdeokgung Palace is the best preserved of South Korea's five remaining royal palaces. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997 and is located at the base of Mount Baegaksan's Ungbong Peak. A public palace area, a paved courtyard, open corridors, and the royal family's residence comprise the area.The Huwon Garden is one of the most photographed spots at Changdeokgung Palace. Views of a lily pond and elegant pavilions surrounded by colorful flowers are available.

6.Temple of Bongeunsa

For those interested in learning about traditional Korean Buddhist practices, Bongeunsa Temple hosts cultural events. The atmosphere here is very quiet and tranquil, surrounded by lush greenery. The temple grounds are dotted with artifacts such as woodblock carvings of Buddhist sutras and Korea's tallest statue of Maitreya Buddha. Bongeunsa Temple offers temple stay programs that allow visitors to experience the life of a Buddhist monk. Among the many activities available during your visit are guided tours (in English, Japanese, and Chinese), dawn services, lotus lantern making, and tea ceremonies.

7. Shrine of Jongmyo

During the Joseon Dynasty, Jongmyo Shrine was a Confucian royal shrine for memorial services. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that houses the spirit tablets of the Joseon Dynasty's former kings and queens. Every year, cultural heritage festivals such as the Korean Royal Palace Culture Festival are held at Jongmyo Shrine.

8. Market at Dongdaemun

Dongdaemun Market is one of the largest wholesale and retail shopping districts in South Korea. It is home to approximately 26 shopping malls, 30,000 specialty shops, and 50,000 manufacturers. Textiles, clothing, shoes, and jewelry are among the items available, as are leather goods, toys, electronics, and office supplies. Mukja Golmok, an alley dedicated to Korean street food and snacks, draws foodies to Dongdaemun Market. After the sun sets in Seoul, the shopping district remains busy well into the night, with festivities, fashion shows, music and dance performances taking place.

9. Hanok Village in Bukchon

Bukchon Hanok Village is home to hundreds of hanok (traditional Korean homes) that have survived since the Joseon dynasty. It is regarded as Seoul's most beautiful historical district, with many of these structures serving as cultural centers, guesthouses, restaurants, and teahouses.

10. Mountain Bugaksan

Bugaksan Mountain, at over 340 meters above sea level, is Seoul's highest point. There are scenic trails that take you through the city's 15th-century gates and along ancient fortress walls, also known as Baekaksan. It takes about 2 hours to reach the top, where you will be rewarded with breathtaking views of Seoul, Gyeongbokgung Palace, and N Seoul Tower.

#Seoul #Korea #Korean Best Place #Korea Tour

[dan6085]

Based on the information provided in the search results, here is a list of the top 20 cultures of all time and explanations for their inclusion:

1. Italian Culture - Renowned for its rich Renaissance art, architecture, and cuisine, Italy has a deeply influential and historic culture that has shaped Western civilization.

2. Chinese Culture - One of the oldest and most enduring cultures in the world, Chinese culture has had a profound impact on art, philosophy, language, and traditional values across Asia.

3. Japanese Culture - Unique and prominent, Japanese culture has evolved over centuries, blending traditional practices with modern influences, and is known for its art, architecture, and traditions.

4. Indian Culture - Diverse and ancient, Indian culture is shaped by Hinduism, Buddhism, and other religions, and is renowned for its art, music, literature, and traditional customs.

5. Egyptian Culture - The ancient Egyptian civilization developed one of the earliest and most influential cultures, leaving a lasting legacy in areas like architecture, religion, and mythology.

6. Greek Culture - Classical Greek culture made seminal contributions to Western civilization in philosophy, art, architecture, science, and democracy.

7. Mexican Culture - A vibrant blend of indigenous, Spanish, and modern influences, Mexican culture is celebrated for its art, music, cuisine, and rich traditions.

8. Mayan Culture - The advanced Mayan civilization developed a sophisticated culture with impressive achievements in mathematics, astronomy, and architecture.

9. Aztec Culture - The Aztec Empire created a complex, influential culture marked by advanced urban planning, religious practices, and a distinctive artistic style.

10. Mesopotamian Culture - One of the earliest civilizations, Mesopotamia developed a culture that made groundbreaking contributions to writing, law, and urban development.

11. Incan Culture - The Inca Empire built a remarkable culture with impressive engineering feats, a complex social structure, and a rich tradition of textiles and art.

12. Polynesian Culture - The diverse cultures of Polynesia, including Hawaii, New Zealand, and other Pacific islands, are known for their unique art, music, and traditional practices.

13. Native American Cultures - The indigenous cultures of North and South America have a long history and diverse traditions, including art, storytelling, and spiritual beliefs.

14. African Cultures - The African continent is home to countless vibrant and diverse cultures, each with their own unique languages, arts, and customs.

15. Australian Aboriginal Culture - The world's oldest continuous culture, Australian Aboriginal people have a rich heritage of art, music, and traditional practices.

16. Russian Culture - Deeply influenced by its Orthodox Christian heritage, Russian culture has made significant contributions to literature, music, art, and philosophy.

17. Brazilian Culture - A melting pot of indigenous, European, and African influences, Brazilian culture is renowned for its music, dance, carnival celebrations, and diverse cuisine.

18. Thai Culture - Shaped by Buddhism and a long history, Thai culture is celebrated for its ornate temples, traditional arts, and unique culinary traditions.

19. Korean Culture - The culture of South Korea and North Korea has evolved over centuries, with a strong emphasis on Confucianism, traditional arts, and modern pop culture.

20. Turkish Culture - Bridging Europe and Asia, Turkish culture is a synthesis of Ottoman, Islamic, and Anatolian influences, reflected in its architecture, cuisine, and rich history.

These cultures have been included in the list due to their significant impact on human civilization, their enduring legacies, and their unique contributions to art, philosophy, religion, and the overall human experience.

Sources

[1] Top 28 Cultures of the World - Mars Translation https://www.marstranslation.com/blog/top-28-cultures-of-the-world

[2] 20 Fascinating Cultural Traditions Around the World - Day Translations https://www.daytranslations.com/blog/20-traditions-around-the-world/

[3] The World's 20 Best Cities for Culture Right Now - TimeOut https://www.timeout.com/travel/worlds-best-cities-for-culture

[4] 24 Different Cultural Traditions Around the World - Tomedes https://www.tomedes.com/translator-hub/24-cultural-traditions-around-world

[meditationretreatsvietnam]

Viet Nam Heritage Road

Embark on a journey of tranquility and cultural exploration with our meditation tour in Vietnam. Combining breathtaking scenic wonders and rich cultural experiences, our tour offers deep meditation sessions to seek inner peace and happiness. Day 1: ARRIVE IN HANOI

Full-day private city tour. Hanoi, the post-colonial capital city, boasts a unique blend of Asian charm with tree-lined boulevards, French colonial architecture, serene lakes, pagodas, and temples. This comprehensive tour will take you to the most intriguing sights of Hanoi, starting with the Ho Chi Minh Complex, which includes Ho Chi Minh’s Mausoleum, his Stilt House, the Presidential Palace, and the nearby One Pillar Pagoda.

Next, we’ll visit the scenic Westlake and the Tran Quoc Pagoda, followed by a trip to Van Mieu or the Temple of Literature, an ancient site dating back to 1070, dedicated to the veneration of Confucius. Our journey continues with a visit to the infamous Hoa Lo Prison, historically referred to as the “Hanoi Hilton” by prisoners of war during the Vietnam War.

Escape the hustle and bustle of the chaotic world and immerse yourself in the present moment by directing your thoughts and emotions towards the purified land. Our special trip offers you the opportunity to rediscover your true self and experience inner peace and clarity through the practice of Buddhism.

The program included:

Buddha’s golden lessons

The art of touching peace

Peace in every step

Mindful breathing

Secret favour

Mindful talking

Compassionate practicing

Grateful meal

Overland to Ha Long Bay, which has been twice awarded the title of World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee in 1994 and 2000. Upon arrival, we’ll check-in, enjoy a welcome drink, and receive a cruise briefing. Afterward, we’ll have lunch while cruising to explore the breathtaking Ha Long Bay, one of Vietnam’s most wondrous and scenic sights. Prepare to be amazed by the picturesque scenery, with over 3,000 limestone islets emerging magnificently from the clear and emerald waters. The bay is adorned with hundreds of peerless karst formations, beautiful grottoes, and caves.

Wake up on the bay to the soothing sounds of waves and birds welcoming the new day. You will have the opportunity to witness the stunning sunrise over the bay while enjoying an invigorating Tai Chi session on the sundeck. After breakfast, we will visit a beautiful limestone grotto, followed by a leisurely walk back to the boat to capture a final glimpse of Halong Bay as we cruise back to the dock.

In the morning, embark on a boat journey to explore a captivating and untamed cave complex including Sang Cave, Toi Cave, Ba Giot Cave, and Nau Ruou. Witness the enchanting landscapes of mountains and rivers resembling Ha Long Bay in the picturesque region of Ninh Binh.

Afterwards, drive to Thanh Hoa to visit the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty, recognized as a world cultural heritage site in 2011. The citadel was built following the principles of feng shui and serves as a testimony to the flourishing of neo-Confucianism in late 14th-century Vietnam and its subsequent spread to other parts of East Asia. According to these principles, it was strategically situated in a landscape of exceptional scenic beauty, aligned with an axis that connects the Tuong Son and Don Son mountains, in the plain between the Ma and Buoi rivers. The citadel’s architecture represents an outstanding example of a new style of a Southeast Asian imperial city.

Driving to Hue, Vietnam’s last feudal capital, which has been recognized as a World Cultural Heritage Site since 1993. We will visit the Imperial Citadel, the Purple Forbidden City, and explore the bustling Dong Ba market.

After the breakfast, we will depart for Hoi An. This ancient town, with a history of 600 years, is an exceptionally well-preserved example of a traditional Asian trading port and has been recognized as a World Cultural Heritage Site since 1999. During our visit, we will explore its colorful pagodas, temples, ancient houses, narrow streets, and amazing bridges that showcase a unique architectural blend of Vietnamese, Chinese, and Japanese styles from the 16th century. In the late afternoon, we will take an excursion to Cam Chau village to witness the traditional lantern-making by the villagers. We will spend the night in Hoi An..

We are a team of experienced travel experts who have organized hundreds of buddhist spiritual retreat for customers from countries around the world. Our Online Customer Support team has many years of professional experience in the travel industry, and can assist with any questions related to your tour.

#meditation tour

[idioms087]

Words with Wings: Understanding the Flight of Idioms

In the vast landscape of language, idioms stand as colorful, enigmatic expressions that add flavor and depth to communication. These linguistic gems often defy literal interpretation, yet they hold profound meanings and cultural significance. Like birds in flight, idioms traverse through conversations, carrying with them the essence of a culture's history, beliefs, and collective experiences. Let's delve into the captivating world of idioms, exploring their origins, evolution, and enduring appeal.

The Genesis of Idioms

Idioms, by definition, are phrases or expressions whose meanings cannot be deduced from the literal words used. They are deeply rooted in the cultural, historical, and social contexts of the communities that use them. The origins of idioms can often be traced back to folklore, literature, mythology, and everyday experiences idioms meaning.

Consider the phrase "raining cats and dogs." While it might baffle someone unfamiliar with English idioms, its origin is speculated to be rooted in ancient myths and beliefs. Some suggest it could be linked to Norse mythology, where cats were associated with storms and dogs with wind. Regardless of its precise origin, the imagery it conjures illustrates the intensity of a heavy rainstorm vividly.

The Evolution of Idioms

Idioms are not static; they evolve over time, adapting to changes in language, culture, and society. As communities evolve, so do their idiomatic expressions, reflecting shifting attitudes, values, and trends.

Take, for instance, the idiom "butterflies in the stomach." While its meaning—nervousness or excitement—remains consistent, its usage has evolved to encompass a broader range of emotions and situations. In today's fast-paced world, where stress and anxiety are prevalent, this idiom resonates with a wider audience, capturing the universal experience of feeling jittery or apprehensive.

Moreover, idioms often undergo semantic shifts, acquiring new meanings or interpretations. Consider the idiom "break the ice," originally used to describe the act of breaking a physical barrier of ice to facilitate communication. Today, it signifies initiating a conversation or alleviating tension in social situations, demonstrating the fluidity and adaptability of language.

The Cultural Significance of Idioms

Idioms serve as linguistic snapshots of a culture's values, beliefs, and collective psyche. They offer insights into the historical events, customs, and traditions that shape a community's identity.

For instance, Chinese idioms, known as chengyu, are deeply ingrained in Chinese culture and literature, reflecting the wisdom of ancient sages and the moral principles of Confucianism. Each chengyu encapsulates a profound moral lesson or philosophical concept, serving as guiding principles in both personal and societal contexts.

Similarly, Arabic idioms draw upon Islamic teachings, historical narratives, and Bedouin traditions, reflecting the rich tapestry of Arab heritage. From proverbs extolling the virtues of hospitality to metaphors celebrating the beauty of the desert landscape, Arabic idioms offer a glimpse into the cultural richness and diversity of the Arab world.

The Universal Appeal of Idioms

Despite their cultural specificity, idioms possess a universal appeal, transcending linguistic and cultural boundaries. As expressions of shared human experiences, they resonate with people across cultures, fostering connections and understanding.

Consider the idiom "actions speak louder than words." While its origins may be rooted in English-speaking cultures, its message—that deeds carry more weight than mere words—is universally understood. Whether in Beijing or Buenos Aires, this idiom conveys a timeless truth about the power of actions to communicate intent and sincerity.

Moreover, idioms serve as bridges between languages, facilitating cross-cultural communication and fostering mutual understanding. Through idiomatic expressions, language learners gain insights into the nuances of a language and the cultural contexts that shape its usage, thereby enriching their linguistic proficiency and cultural literacy.

Embracing the Beauty of Idioms

In a world brimming with linguistic diversity, idioms stand out as jewels in the crown of human expression. Their ability to encapsulate complex ideas, evoke vivid imagery, and transcend cultural boundaries makes them indispensable tools in communication.

As language enthusiasts, we should embrace the beauty of idioms, celebrating their diversity and richness. By exploring idiomatic expressions from different cultures, we gain not only linguistic insights but also a deeper appreciation for the shared human experiences that unite us.

So, the next time you encounter an unfamiliar idiom, don't simply brush it aside as a linguistic curiosity. Instead, take a moment to unravel its meaning, appreciate its cultural significance, and marvel at the timeless wisdom encapsulated within its words. For in the flight of idioms, we discover the boundless creativity, ingenuity, and beauty of human language.

#idioms meaning

[fmp2lh-f]

Turkish Culture

Turkish and Vietnamese cultures, while distinct, share certain commonalities and unique features that contribute to their rich and diverse identities. Turkey, with its geographical position straddling Europe and Asia, has a cultural tapestry influenced by historical empires, including the Ottoman Empire. Turkish cuisine is renowned for its flavorsome dishes like kebabs, mezze, and baklava, reflecting a fusion of Eastern and Western culinary traditions. Traditional Turkish music, with instruments such as the saz, captures the essence of the country's diverse cultural influences. Architectural marvels like the Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque showcase the synthesis of Islamic and Byzantine elements in Turkish design.

On the other hand, Vietnam, located in Southeast Asia, carries the imprint of Confucianism, Buddhism, and French colonialism in its cultural fabric. Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated for its harmony of flavors, featuring iconic dishes like pho and banh mi. Water puppetry, silk painting, and traditional music with instruments like the dan bau highlight the artistic richness of Vietnamese culture. Architectural wonders such as Hanoi's ancient city and Hoi An's historic town provide glimpses into Vietnam's architectural heritage.

While there may not be direct historical or geographical links between Turkish and Vietnamese cultures, both societies share common Asian values. Respect for elders, a strong sense of community, and an emphasis on hospitality are cultural threads that run through both Turkish and Vietnamese traditions. In the contemporary world, where globalization facilitates cultural exchange, these shared values contribute to a broader understanding of human interconnectedness. Exploring the unique elements of each culture independently adds depth to our appreciation of the diverse expressions of human civilization across the globe.

[vikhyatr]

Exploring the Rich Heritage: Temples in Vietnam

Introduction

Vietnam, a nation steeped in rich history and vibrant culture, boasts a myriad of temples that stand as timeless symbols of its spiritual and architectural legacy. From the bustling streets of Hanoi to the serene countryside of Hue and the picturesque landscapes of Hoi An, temples adorn the Vietnamese landscape, each narrating its unique story. These sacred sanctuaries not only provide a glimpse into Vietnam's past but also serve as centers for worship, reflection, and community gatherings. Amidst this cultural tapestry, the city of Dalat offers its own allure, with temples among the many things to do in Dalat. In this comprehensive guide, we embark on a journey through the enchanting world of temples in Vietnam, exploring their significance, architecture, and cultural resonance.

I. The Spiritual Heart of Hanoi:

A. Tran Quoc Pagoda: - Located on the picturesque West Lake, Tran Quoc Pagoda is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Hanoi, dating back to the 6th century. Its elegant architecture, with a towering pagoda surrounded by lush gardens and lotus ponds, makes it a serene retreat from the city's hustle and bustle. Visitors can admire the intricate statues, shrines, and stelae that adorn the temple complex, offering insight into Vietnam's Buddhist heritage.

B. Temple of Literature: - As Vietnam's first national university, the Temple of Literature holds great historical and cultural significance. - Built in 1070 during the Ly Dynasty, the temple is dedicated to Confucius and honors scholars and academics. Its well-preserved courtyards, pavilions, and stone tablets inscribed with the names of laureates evoke a sense of reverence for knowledge and learning.

II. Imperial Splendor in Hue:

A. The Imperial City: - Nestled along the Perfume River, Hue served as the capital of Vietnam during the Nguyen Dynasty, leaving behind a legacy of majestic temples and palaces. - Within the UNESCO-listed Imperial City lies the Forbidden Purple City, once reserved for the emperor and his concubines, offering a glimpse into royal life. - Temples such as Thien Mu Pagoda, with its iconic seven-story tower, symbolize the spiritual and cultural richness of Hue.

B. Thanh Toan Bridge: - While not a traditional temple, Thanh Toan Bridge is a cultural gem that deserves mention. - Built in the 18th century, this covered bridge is adorned with intricate carvings and serves as a symbol of community and resilience.

III. Tranquility in Hoi An:

A. Japanese Covered Bridge: - Hoi An's iconic Japanese Covered Bridge is a testament to the city's multicultural heritage. - Built by Japanese traders in the 17th century, the bridge features a small temple dedicated to the Taoist god of weather, providing protection for sailors and merchants.

B. Assembly Halls: - Hoi An's ancient town is dotted with assembly halls that served as meeting places for Chinese communities. - These ornate halls, adorned with elaborate carvings and altars, showcase the fusion of Chinese and Vietnamese architectural styles.

IV. Hidden Gems Across Vietnam:

A. Perfume Pagoda: - Nestled amidst limestone cliffs in Huong Son, the Perfume Pagoda complex is a sacred pilgrimage site dedicated to Quan Am, the goddess of mercy. - Visitors embark on a scenic boat ride along the Perfume River before ascending to the pagoda complex, passing through caves and shrines along the way.

B. Cao Dai Temple: - Cao Dai Temple in Tay Ninh Province is the spiritual center of the Cao Dai religion, which combines elements of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Christianity. - Its eclectic architecture and vibrant ceremonies attract visitors from far and wide, offering a unique glimpse into Vietnam's religious diversity.

Conclusion:

Temples in Vietnam serve as enduring symbols of the country's rich spiritual and cultural heritage, spanning centuries of history and tradition. From the bustling streets of Hanoi to the tranquil countryside of Hue and the picturesque landscapes of Hoi An, these sacred sites offer visitors a glimpse into Vietnam's past while providing spaces for worship, reflection, and community gatherings. Whether exploring the ancient wonders of Tran Quoc Pagoda, the imperial splendor of Hue's temples, or the hidden gems scattered across the country, a journey through Vietnam's temples is sure to leave a lasting impression on the soul.

#travel #holiday #vietnam #tourism

[daancienttime]

China and India Dialogue of Civilisations?

In the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, the dialogue between two ancient civilizations, China and India, holds profound significance. Rooted in millennia-old histories, these nations share a rich cultural heritage that has shaped the course of humanity.

As both countries ascend to the forefront of global influence, their engagement becomes pivotal. Beyond geopolitical maneuvering, the dialogue of civilizations involves mutual understanding, respect, and collaboration. From the philosophical depth of Confucianism to the spiritual teachings of Hinduism, these cultures offer diverse perspectives, fostering a bridge for intellectual exchange.

However, challenges persist, ranging from border disputes to economic competition. Navigating these complexities demands a commitment to open communication and diplomatic resolution. The potential benefits of a harmonious dialogue are immense – not only for China and India but for the world.

In this era of interconnectedness, fostering a positive and cooperative relationship between China and India becomes imperative. By embracing their shared history and nurturing a dialogue of civilizations, these ancient giants can contribute to global harmony and progress.

This highly original study examines two millennia of literary dialogue between China and India, from the beginning of Buddhist sutra translation and its influence on various facets of Chinese literature, to the modern and contemporary Indian studies in China - and vice versa. It studies the transmission of Indian fables, myths and theatre into China, the dissemination of the Ramayana and Mahabharata, and the adaptation of certain contents from these into Chinese and Buddhist literature, and exhibits the translation and textual research of leading Indologists such as Padma Bhushan Ji Xianlin, Xu Fancheng, Jin Kemu, Huang Baosheng and Liu Anwu, as well as contemporary scholars of Indian studies in China. This study will enables readers from both countries and beyond to rediscover the flow of cross-cultural currents between the two civilisations.