#Batavian Republic

[nordleuchten]

La Fayette in Vianen

I stumbled over a very interesting Dutch article titled “La Fayette en Vianen” the other day and decided to do some research. I always wanted to know where exactly La Fayette and his family stayed while they lived in exile in Vianen (modern day Netherlands). Since most books brush over the family’s time in the Dutch village, I had to do my own digging.

First, a little run-down. After being released from the prison in Olmütz, La Fayette, Adrienne and their daughters settled in Wittmold and Lehmkuhlen in the neutral Danish-Holstein (modern day Germany.) Adrienne’s aunt Madame de Tessé had rented the Gut Wittmold and the region was a place many exiles choose to settlein. It was here that the La Fayette’s were reunited with their son and brother Georges who had spent the last years in America. La Fayette’s oldest living daughter Anastasie married while in Wittmold but tensions rose with time. Adrienne returned with her daughter Virginie to France to regain some of the family’s fortune. Anastasie, now pregnant, and her husband went to Vianen and settled there. Their twin daughters would be born and baptized there. The archive in Utrecht holds the baptism record. Adrienne meanwhile managed to obtain a passport that allowed La Fayette to travel to Vianen as well. The whole family was again reunited in Vianen in 1799.

Vianen was at that point in time part of the Batavian Republic. The Batavian Republic was the successor of the Republic of the Seven Netherlands/United Provinces of the Netherlands. Its formation on January 19, 1795 was heavily influenced by French revolutionary troops but the reform of government was desired by the Dutch people. The Republic became the Dutch Commonwealth in 1801 and was later abolished on June 5, 1806 when Napoléon’s brother Louis Bonaparte was crowned King of Holland. The Batavian Republic was the first of Frances “sister-republics” and later part of the French Empire. The Batavian Republic was organized in different Departments. This map from 1798 shows the order La Fayette would have found in 1799. Utrecht is located in the North-east of the Department van de Rijn:

Utrecht would become its own department in 1801:

With that all being said, we can move on to La Fayette’s address. He lived in the county house (buitenplaats) Buitenlust (I have a hard time finding a suitable English translation, but buitenlust describes the joy of the outdoors) in the Prinses Julianastraat. (princess Juliana street) The house was erected in 1770 for Jacob Cambier and demolished in 1901. Buitenlust was composed of two stories on a rectangular piece of land. A picture of Buitenlust adorns an old postcard from Vianen.

Piet de Hertog, De Prinses Julianastraat, geschiedenis en verdwenen verbouwing, in Het Land Van Brederode – Jaarboek 2013, 2013, pp. 16-25.

After Cambier’s death in 1783, the ownership passed to his son Joan Jacob Cambier. It was he who rented the house to La Fayette and his family.

While the neighborhood has severely changed over the last decades, there is still something left of the original Buitenlust. In 1939 a new building, a single family home, was erected on the grounds of the old country house. The house has a gable stone marked with the word “Buitenlust". The address today is Prinses Juliananstraat 26 in Vianen.

La Fayette’s connecttion with Vianen, Buitenlust and the Cambier family was further explored in the article De Prinses Julianastraat, geschiedenis en verdwenen verbouwing, published by the historical society Het Land Van Brederode:

De bouwheer van Buitenlust was Jacob III Cambier (1711-1783), éen van de Viaanse vooraanstaande Patriotten. Jacobs contacten met de Fransen leidden er tie dat de bekende politicus en generaal Gilbert du Motier, markies De Lafayette (1757-1834) op Buitenlust onderdak vond. Lafayette kende een turbulente politieke carrière en mocht na zijn vrijlating uit oostenrijikde gevangenschap niet naar frankrijk terugkeren. De markies werd vooral bekend door zijn strijd tegen de Englesen in de Amerikaanse vrijheidsoorlog. De deatilas en de betrouwbaarheid van zijn verblijf in Vianen zijn niet exact bekend, maar he is een feit dat De Lafayette in 1799 in Vianen verbleef. Dat volgt namelijk uit een brief die hij vanuit Vianen schreef aan George Washingon. Van de eigenaarsgeschiedenis van Buitenlust zijn slechts flarden bekend. De laaste bewonder van Buitenlust was Willem Jacob II Cambier (1844-1901), secretaris penningmeester van het hoogheermraadschap de of. Na zijn overlijden werd het huis nog in datzelfde jaar abgebroken.

Piet de Hertog, De Prinses Julianastraat, geschiedenis en verdwenen verbouwing, in Het Land Van Brederode – Jaarboek 2013, 2013, pp. 16-25.

My translation:

The builder of Buitenlust was Jacob III Cambier (1711-1783), one of Vianen’s foremost patriots. Jacob’s contact with the French lead to the prominent politician and General Gilbert du Motier, marquis De Lafayette (1757-1834) finding shelter in Buitenlust. Lafayette’s political career had been turbulent, and he was not allowed to return to France after his release from Austrian imprisonment. The marquis was most famous for his fight against England in the American War of Independent. The details of Lafayette’s stay in Vianen are not completely certain, but it is known that he was in Vianen in 1799. This is primarily proven by a letter that he had send to George Washington from Vianen.

The last resident of Buitenlust was Willem Jacob II Cambier (1844-1901), secretary of the treasury for the council of Vijfheerenlanden [a municipality in the province of Utrecht.] After his death, the house was demolished the same year.

The article is wrong in one aspect; there is more than one letter to prove that La Fayette was in Vianen. There is one letter to Thomas Jefferson from April 19, 1799 and one to George Washington from May 9, 1799. Then there is also the letter from Wiliam Vans Murray to John Quincy Adams from March 19, 1799. Murray had visited La Fayette and his family in Vianen and was fairly shocked by what he witnessed there. We furthermore have several legal documents in the archive in Utrecht as well as this except from Virginie’s book:

After a short stay there [Paris], and a visit to Mme de Chavaniac in Auvergne, we all met again in the following year (1799) at Vianen, near Utrecht. My father had come there from Holstein, with George. Exiles can fix themselves nowhere. Their only thought is to abandon their momentary home, their only wish, to depart. It was there that my sister gave birth to her first child, and that my aunts came to see us.

Mme de Lasteyrie, Life of Madame de Lafayette, L. Techener, London, 1872, p. 377.

#la fayette in exile #la fayette #adrienne de lafayette #adrienne de noailles #virginie de lafayette #anastasie de lafayette #georges de lafayette #french history #french revolution #american history #founders online #letters #1799 #vianen #utrecht #batavian republic #wittmoldt #thomas jefferson #george washington #john quincy adams #wiliam vans murray #history #marquis de lafayette #buitenlust #google maps

[insidecroydon]

Defeated Dutch admiral who endured his parole in Croydon

Decisive action: the Battle of Camperdown in October 1797 was regarded as the Royal Navy’s greatest triumph, until Trafalgar SUNDAY SUPPLEMENT: Researching the history of Croydon’s part in the wars fought across Europe and North America in the late 18th and early 19th centuries has taken DAVID MORGAN, right, in another, somewhat unexpected direction Researching a particular topic can often take…

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#Admiral Adam Duncan #Admiral Samuel Story #Anglo-Dutch War #Batavian Republic #Battle of Camperdown #Kingdom of Holland #Lord Nelson #Napoleon Bonaparte #Napoleonic Wars #Nelson #Netherlands

[mapsontheweb]

France after the Peace of Lunéville, 1801.

« Nouvel atlas de l’histoire de France », Cohen, Destemberg, Dusserre & Houte, Autrement, 2016

by cartesdhistoire

Belgium was annexed on October 1, 1795, after the United Provinces became a sister republic, theoretically independent (treaty of alliance of May 16).

In Italy, Bonaparte won dazzling victories, and between the spring and summer of 1797, he signed armistices, while Italian patriots took advantage of the offensive to proclaim the republic in Piedmont. The Peace of Campoformio (October 17, 1797) gave Austria the archbishopric of Salzburg and Veneto but confirmed the possession of Belgium and the left bank of the Rhine (from Alsace to Koblenz) to France, finalizing the birth of the Ligurian and Cisalpine Republics. In February 1798, French military intervention allowed Roman patriots to proclaim the Republic. These were allied states – with very formal independence.

In January 1799, the patriots led General Championnet to proclaim the ephemeral Neapolitan Republic which lasted only until June 24. However, after the occupation of Tuscany by French troops, all of Italy except Venice was occupied by the French, and most of it formed republics. The Italian unity desired by the patriots was possible, but the Directory took care, on the contrary, to prevent it definitively: from February 8 to 16, 1799, a referendum took place in Piedmont which gave a strong majority for annexation by France (effective on September 11, 1802).

On February 9, 1801, the Treaty of Lunéville was signed between France and Austria. It confirmed for France the possession of the Austrian Netherlands, the principality of Liège, and the left bank of the Rhine. Austria had to recognize the Batavian Republic and the Helvetic Republic. Additionally, Article 7 of the treaty provided for compensation to the dispossessed German princes, to whom territories would have to be redistributed, thus giving France the position of continental arbiter.

#maps #cartesdhistoire #igsourced #france #1801

[qsycomplainsalot]

Oil on canvas, Charles Louis Mozin

The Capture of the Dutch Fleet at Den Helder, 23rd of January 1795

  In which the French armed forces demonstrates that not having the best navy can in fact be okay.

Context

  The French Revolution in 1789, followed by the imprisonment and then execution of Louis the XVIth in 1793, led to most major autocratic powers in Europe declaring war on France to restore the status quo. France was thus engaged on multiple fronts by many of its neighbors which, surprisingly, at the time included Austria through their ownership of the Southern Netherlands. Both Netherlandses had witnessed failed republican uprisings in the previous decades, and as such the new France Republic pushed through the Austrian Netherlands to declare war on the -nominally only- Republic of United Netherlands in the North.

The “Battle”

  After two years of campaign the combined efforts of the French revolutionary army and Dutch patriots had all but closed this front of the war, and the French commander of the Army of the North was garrisoned in Amsterdam when he caught wind of the Dutch fleet being anchored at the mouth of the Zuiderzee bay, just north of there. Due to temperatures averaging -10°C in the past weeks, the entire bay had frozen over, which he decided to use to his advantage.   He immediately sent Dutch patriot Gnl. Jan Willem de Winter at the head of about two hundred men from the French 8th Hussar and the 3rd Battalion of Belgian Skirmishers, also raised from sympathizers to the republican cause. Muffling the sound of their horses’ hooves with cloth and arriving during the night each with a Belgian infantryman riding with them, the hussars sneaked on the entire Dutch fleet frozen at anchor and captured it without a fight.

  In a single cavalry charge the French Republic had captured five ships-of-the-line, three frigates, six corvettes and several merchantmen with crew, for a total of about 850 guns. This is one of only two recorded instances of a cavalry force charging and capturing ships in a battle and one of few instances where having light infantry ride as voltigeurs proved to be even remotely useful. There is debate whether the Dutch sailors and marines would have actually resisted capture however, as the Netherlands had essentially already been knocked out of the war by then and might have been ordered to surrender, which the French may have known as well. It is hard to discern the truth of the matter when what was two hundred men sent to secure a fleet that may have already been surrendered to them gets painted as a full army corps marching in tight formation on the ice.   In any case, a squadron of hussars captured a fleet of ships and that’s awesome.

  Following the capture of the fleet, the evacuation of the remaining Allied troops to other fronts or England and finally the surrender of the Austrian duchy of Luxembourg, the Dutch Patriot party were given the reins of the Netherlands renamed as the Batavian Republic - more or less a puppet state and the future Netherlands - while the Austrian Netherlands - future Belgium - and Luxembourg were incorporated in the French Republic as new departments.   The captured fleet was ransomed back to the Batavian Republic in exchange of a small loan of a hundred million guilders.

#history

[northernmariette]

A book recommendation

The topic of book recommendations just came up. By coincidence I was about to recommend a book I recently acquired. The publisher threatens to unleash the Furies from Hades if anyone dares to reproduce anything from the book without written permission. But since this is a plug for this particular book, maybe they will tolerate my copying a couple of paragraphs to partly illustrate the author's point of view.

The book is called "The Eagle in Splendour: Inside the Court of Napoleon". It's by Philip Mansel, and my copy is from the Tauris Parke 2021 edition.

To whet your appetite, gentle readers, here are the promised extracts:

From pp. 1-2:

"Despite or because of his Jacobin past, General Bonaparte, First Consul of the French Republic, was an ultra-monarchist. In 1799-1804, at the same time as introducing a new constitution, with the Senate, Tribunate and Corps Législatif, he established a court system, in a calculated sequence of monarchising measures. First came a guard (1799); then official costumes (1800); residence and receptions in the Tuileries palace (1800-1); a chapel headed by his favourite composer Paisiello (...) (1802); a monarchy, a dynasty and a coronation (1804); finally a nobility (1808). The choice of such a system, when France was a victorious republic, and the rapidity with which the Republicans adapted to it, proves its appeal. The transformation of France into a republic in 1792 had been partly due to contingences: the 'executive gap' left by the absence of a vigorous monarch, minister or general; the radicalism of the National and Legislative Assemblies; and war."

From pp. 3-4:

"Napoleon I re-monarchised Europe as well as France. Not only did he appoint members of his dynasty: Prince of Piombino and Lucca (1805); Grand Duke of Berg (1805); and Kings of Holland (1806), Naples (1806), Westphalia (1807) and Spain (1808); but with a consistency revealing his monarchical principles, he also abolished all republics in Europe, old and new: Venice (1797), France (1804), Genoa (1805), Lucca (1805), Ragusa (1808), and the Cisalpine (1805), Batavian (1806) and Septinsular (1807) republics. He made Frankfurt, the classic German city-state, into a Grand Duchy (to which his step-son Eugene-Napoleon would have succeeded) and allotted 52 former 'free cities' of the Holy Roman Empire to different German rulers, or to himself. Thus, by 1812 he had placed every city in Europe under a monarch; even Swiss cities acknowledged him as 'Mediator of the Helvetic Confederation'. Europe was more monarchical than at any time since the rise of the Italian city states in the twelfth century."

I, for one, am hooked. I found the passage about France becoming a republic because of contingencies particularly interesting. To my mind it explains why it was so easy for even people as the Marshals to accept the return of the Bourbon monarchy, as well as explaining why Marshals such as Bessières and Berthier, both royalists in my opinion, were ready to serve the new, Napoleonic monarchy: the transition might have appeared to them as one from monarchy to Révolution and instability, to a new monarchy, and for Berthier, to the old Versailles monarchical dynasty again he knew so well.

I am not very far ahead yet in this book, but so far I love it and highly recommend it.

#books #napoleonic history #napoleonic era #philip mansel #the eagle in splendour

[megantga]

the 19th century research

The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 , and ended on 31 December 1900. Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the First French Empire. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas.

the people in the 19th century had very interesting fashion which consisted off grand ball gowns

what I like about the 19th century is their big skirts, I do add long lavish skirts to my original characters just because they're pretty and nice, I also like the colours and the shape of the dress which is a kind of off white

during the 19th century multiple major events went on which consisted of ;

·̩̩̥͙＊*•̩̩͙✩•̩̩͙*˚ ˚*•̩̩͙✩•̩̩͙*˚＊·̩̩̥͙

The Napoleonic Wars (1802-1815)

Following the Revolutionary Wars in France, with Napoleon positioning himself as Emperor of the French Empire, over a decade of war in Europe followed, as nervous neighbors hoped to dethrone the General. Not afraid to get on the battlefield to force his politics, Napoleon conquered Italy, much of Spain, and by 1812 ruled most of Continental Europe. Britain and Russia remained thorns in his side, coalition forces rallied against Napoleon and ousted him, forcing him to exile on the island of Elba. After an escape and a brief resurgence, he was defeated for good at the Battle of Waterloo (1815), exiled permanently to Saint Helena where he would die, and the French monarchy was restored.

during the napoleonic war the British was against the French, the British was irritated by the French for several actions during following the treaty of the Amiens

the treaty of Amiens was a treaty signed at Amiens, by the French, British, Spain, and the Batavian Republic (the Netherlands), achieving a peace in Europe for 14 months during the Napoleonic Wars.

because my cult is set in a Australia esc place I have decided to look more into the Australian side of history which I do not do often so do not mind if I get anything wrong

[saviourkingslut]

for the 🔥 game @garlandgerard sent me this:

BULLSEYE, this guy's one of my favourite historical blorbos bc i have a huge soft spot for him

for those unfamiliar with this man, he was a younger brother of napoleon bonaparte, and the very first king of the netherlands! to briefly give some context, the netherlands had been the dutch republic for ages, and then after a 1794 revolution (aided by france) it briefly became the 'batavian republic'. however, that very revolution meant that though the republic was technically still independent, french troops were posted all over the country, and the republic had to send more and more money and troops to france and started feeling french repression more and more, because napoleon was busy conquering all of europe and imposing his will everywhere he went. and then in 1806 he decided that actually, enough was enough, and made his younger brother louis napoleon king of the 'kingdom of holland', thereby instating a monarchy in a country that hadn't seen a king since the late sixteenth century or so.

now why would this first king of the netherlands (let's not forget, a FRENCHMAN) be one of my favourite guys of all time, you ask? because louis napoléon bonaparte developed a soft spot for the country and the people he came to rule and took his task seriously. he took lessons under two dutch lawyer-poets to learn the language and soon had himself be called 'lodewijk', the dutch version of 'louis'. he travelled the country not just to arouse sympathy (because he was a foreign king who'd been forced on the people) but also because he genuinely cared. when many people in one particular province caught the 'sweating sickness', he visited patients, had a doctor come over from another province and had the proper medicine be delivered. he assisted during a cholera epidemic that broke out in another village. he tried to solve problems by talking about them and searching for compromise.

the definitive moment that the dutch people really started to accept lodewijk was in 1807, when a transport ship loaded with gunpowder exploded in the middle of the city of leiden, wiping hundreds of houses clean off the face of the earth. the king immediately came to visit the city that very same day, deployed the royal guard to help with cleaning the rubble, had his own court surgeon come over and had the one of his palaces in the hague transformed in a temporary hospital for the victims. he forbade the transport of gunpowder through cities to prevent anything like this from happening in the future and set up a fund for disasters like these to which he donated 30.000 guilders - and this isn't even everything he did to help out with the disaster. you can imagine the dutch populace welcomed him with open arms after that. and then in 1809, when parts of a province flooded to the extent that entire villages just disappeared, the king allegedly helped stack sacks of sand himself. obviously he used the things he did to create some real good propaganda to ingratiate himself with the people, but i think at that point he'd earned it.

now historians thought for a long while that lodewijk was just an extension of napoleon and wasn't really a king in his own right, but lately we've come to have a more nuanced view of him that shows that he did not always follow his elder brother's orders to the letter. the longer he was there, the more lodewijk tried to rule the kingdom of holland his own way, to the displeasure of napoleon, who got mad at him bc he thought lodewijk was prioritising dutch needs over french needs. when lodewijk had to impose the french code civil, he created a new version partly based on existing dutch law. he didn't want to send his brother the number of soldiers he demanded. he didn't want to impose the continental system, which forbade trade with the british, and only acted mildly against smugglers. in the end napoleon basically deposed him in 1810 and made the netherlands a province of france (not so good few years)

obviously lodewijk wasn't perfect - for one he spent a lot of money on himself and lived extravagantly #thefrench - but i think he's a fascinating man who overall had a good heart and good intentions. it's kind of a shame that he's one of the most ignored people in the history of the netherlands because he was 1) french and we don't like to think that our first king was french and 2) his rule was super short and 3) he was imposed and not a member of the current royal family who have been the royals since 1814. i think there's one monument to him in the whole ass country. we celebrated 200 years of monarchy in 2014 because we don't count his reign. that's partly because after 1810 the netherlands became a literal part of france (so napoleon was like. our emperor ig) so you can't really include it and claim continuous monarchy bc of that interruption but it also means that we just ignore lodewijk. i think he deserves better.

#blrobocore #asks #it's so funny how you hit me with one of my faves dead on #next to like. tchaikovsky ig #anyway dutch history literally doesn't give a shit abt this specific era like 1790-1814 is like our country whomst? #like everything until 1806 is too difficult for anyone to understand and then nobody cares abt lodewijk #and we definitely do not talk abt being a part of france #and then it's 1815 and we get belgium added to our country! yippiee! #and then treat it like shit so they leave again after 15 years lmfao #it's so fucking funny tho bc there is literally a park in the city of leiden built in the empty space the explosion left behind #and it's called AFTER SOME OTHER GUY. WHO FOUGHT IN THE EIGHTY YEARS' WAR WHEN LEIDEN WAS BESIEGED. LMFAO #to be fair the relief of the siege is still celebrated today even tho it happened like 400 years ago so it is kind of a big deal but yea #rip to lodewijk napoleon #oh right. let me tag this with #long post

[history-and-arts]

Johan Joost Reeder and the Russian-English invasion of 1799

Johan Joost Reeder is my 4th great grandfather who was born in the year 1760 in the Dutch city of Alkmaar. Unfortunately I do not know much about his life, in fact I know nothing because I am still searching for his papers. The only thing I do know about his life is that he parttook in the invasion of Noord-Holland in the year 1799, he fought alongside the French, being part of the Batavian army.Now to fully understand his story, we need to know why The English and Russians tried to invade the Netherlands in 1799 in the first place. 

In 1789 the French revolution swept through France, opening the path for a whole different set of ideals and ideas. No longer was power in the hands of the monarchy or rich aristocrats but it belonged to the people. Ideas about liberty and egality started to spread and not just in France, these ideas quickly spread to the Netherlands as well, then known as the Dutch republic ruled by rich merchants and the Oranje family. Stadhouder Willem V was the current 'leader' (stadhouder) of the country but he was a weak and pathetic man, kept under the thumb of his Prussian wife and her incredibly powerful brother, the king of Prussia.

The ordinary people of the Netherlands started to be inspired by these radical thoughts coming from France and the resentment towards these few rich merchants and an outdated prince van Oranje grew which led to large revolts by the public calling themselfs patriots. The revolt was initially succesfull with patriots taking over entire cities and declaring itself free from the exclusively rich aristocratic's rule. That is until Willem V's wife called upon her brother for help who sent a Prussian army in the Netherlands to put it back under the control of the Oranjes. The Prussian army ravaged through the country, which they usually did during conflicts, around 10 percent of the entire Dutch population fled the country, many of them fleeing towards post-revolutionary France. One of them was the leader of the Patriots, Willem Daendels.

Now I don't know what happened to Johan Joost Reeder during this period but he must have been one of the voluntary Patriots as well since he was already an officer during the 1799 invasion. He must have volunteered at least a few years before the invasion took place, perhaps he joined the patriotic cause at its inception and fought alongside Daendels? Who knows..I really hope I can provide more information about him in the near future through further genealogical research.

Anyway, fast forward to the year 1794 and Daendels managed to get the support of the French army to take over the Netherlands and declare it an independent republic loyal to France and her revolutionary causes. The French invaded the Netherlands in 1794 and with the help of the patriots, who started to call themselves the Batavian army after the ancient Batavian people who used to live in the Netherlands, they swiftly took control over the country without barely any resistance at all. The best moment has got to be the frozen Dutch fleet at Texel that got conquered by the French cavalry. Normally the Dutch were able to use the dykes to their advantage but since everything was frozen during a particulary harsh winter between 94-95, these measures were useless. It was also during this campaign that my other 4th great grandfather, Frederick Lichtenegger got wounded during the siege of Willemstad, he was shot in his left leg.

The Dutch royal family fled, of course, towards England abandoning the country which might be a very good deed since it disabled him from rallying the leftover Oranje fans from rebelling against the patriots. The Dutch declared their country as the Batavian republic and a new era of enlightement started. Of course this didn't feel right to the English who were greatly concerned by all this revolutionary tumolt so close to their homeland, they were indeed afraid these dangerous ideas might blow over to England which would mean the end of the English royalty. The first coalition against France crumbled in 1797 but the English soon found a new ally, Russia.

In 1799, the second coalition war against France broke out. The British prime minister, Grenville, had set its eyes on the Batavian republic as this country could present itself to be a real danger to the UK because of her fleet and close proximity to England. Meanwhile the Prins van Oranje was in exile in the UK as well so it almost seemed natural that plans for an invasion were made. The Prince however made a huge mistake, he assumed that as soon as English and Russian boots would hit the beaches, the Dutch people would be swayed to their side and welcome back Willem V while revolting against the French. This however did not happen at all.17,593 Russian soldiers and 13,000 British soldiers took part in the invasion whose plans leaked out to the Batavians and the French. Instead of the Batavians joining the coalition, they placed 20,000 soldiers on the coasts of Holland, two of those 20,000 were my 4th great grandfather Johan Joost reeder who was an officer and his son my 3rd great grandfather Christiaan Reeder. Besides the 20,000 Dutch troops, an additional 15,000 French soldiers joined in the defence of Holland.

The British and Russian troops landed on 27 August, while the allied troops initially relied upon the local population and militia to rise up and fight alongside the allies, the exact opposite happened. The already somewhat divided Dutch republicans were now united with the single purpose of kicking out these foreign invaders, resistance towards the allies only grew stronger. The invasion went initially quite well for the allies, they managed to win the first battle of Krabbendam on 10 September and captured the city of Alkmaar while enjoying naval superiority.

The allies soon however suffered their first defeat during the battle of Bergen on 19 September. The Duke of York attempted to envelop the Franco-Batavian army by dividing his forces in four columns. The furthest right column, under command of Russian Lieutenant-General Hermann was send to the village of Bergen. Another column under the command of Lieutenant-General Dundas was send to Schoorldam. The third column, under command of Lieutenant-General Pulteney, had the objective to take Langedijk together with Oudkarspel and Heerhugowaard. The last column, under command of Lieutenant-General Abercromby, was send towards Hoorn and Purmerend.Both sides suffered heavy casualties during the battle of Bergen and unfortunately this is where my 4th great grandfather Johan Joost Reeder was killed in action in Oudkarspel, fighting off the third allied column. His son, Christiaan Reeder, was wounded as well in the leg, it must have been quite a traumatic day for the Reeder family.

The 4th allied column managed to reach and capture Hoorn without barely any resistance at all but because the other three allied columns had to retreat, the 4th column retreated back as well, leaving Hoorn once again in the hands of the Batavian republicans.With the allies now having taken large parts of Noord-Holland, the invasion still looked favourable for the allies. The Dutch however had another trick up their sleeves, one they have employed numerous times in the past, use the bountiful amount of water against the invaders. Large parts of the province were now flooded which deprived the allied forces from using farmlands and its supplies. Constant rain also prevented the allies from gaining resources from the city of Den Helder.

The allies knew they had to make a move against the Franco-Batavian army quick, before the army lost all of its moral due to a lack of food and sickness. This led to the battle of Castricum.On the morning of 6 October fighting broke out near Castricum. One allied column managed to easily drive out French outposts which gave the Russians enough confidence to attack the town itself. Castricum was however tenaciously defended throughout the day with the town changing hands several times. Eventually, with the help of a Batavian hussars charge, the allied troops broke and were forced to retreat. Meanwhile the Batavian artillery inflicted heavy losses upon the British troops. At the end of the day, the allied troops were forced to retreat back to their starting positions, losing pretty much all ground they gained. 

The Dutch cities of Hoorn, Enkhuizen and Medemblik were also evacuated and quickly captured by Batavian troops who managed to prevent the burning of warehouses of naval stores by the British.The allied forces had to retreat so quickly that they left behind two field hospitals full of British wounded in Alkmaar together with 400 women and children. Four days later, on 10 October, the allies and Batavians singed an armistice which allowed the allies to retreat from the Netherlands with all their gear without having to pay for damages. By 19 November, all allied forces left. Even though the Anglo-Russian invasion failed, the Batavians suffered heavy material losses and the expedition also has contributed slightly to the fall of the directoire later this year when Napoleon Bonaparte took power in his famous coup d'etat 

Images:

Landing of English troops at Calantsoog by Dirk Langendijk

5th half brigade of which my two ancestors were part of

A map showing the locations of the cities and battles

#History #Dutch #English #Russian #Netherlands #Batavian #Napoleonic

[brookston]

Holidays 5.16

Holidays

Academy Awards Day

Ask for Athletic Day

Bike to Wherever Day

Biographer's Day

Border Guard Day (Poland)

Chive Day (French Republic)

Drawing Day

European Maritime Day

516 Day

HAE (Hereditary Angioedema) Day

Honor Our LGBT Elders Day

International Celiac Awareness Day

International Day of Light

International Day of Living Together in Peace

International Day of Protest Against Shock Treatment

International Day of the Boy Child

Let’s Get Creative Day

Love A Tree Day

Martyrs of Sudan Day (Episcopal Church)

Mass Graves Day (Iraq)

Middlesex Day (UK)

Moonwalk Day

Moose Hide Campaign Day (Canada)

National Biographer’s Day

National Check Your Wipers Day

National Classic Movie Day

National Day (South Sudan)

National Dengue Day (India)

National Denim Day for the CURE Foundation (Canada)

National Do Something Good For Your Neighbor Day

National EBT Day

National Horse Rescue Day (Australia)

National Piercing Day

National Public Transportation Career Day

National Waiters Day

Nickel Day (US)

Ohio Players Day (Dayton, Ohio)

Pencil Day

Red Hill Holiday (Russia)

Ride a Unicycle Day

Romani Resistance Day

Sea Monkey Day

Sing "Row Row Row Your Boat" in Rounds Day

Sneeze Without Embarrassment Day

SPLA Day (South Sudan)

Sun Bear Day

Sylvia Asteroid Day

Teachers’ Day (Malaysia)

Try Not To Be As Stupid Today As You Normally Are Day

200k Day (Ukraine)

Ubald (Jesus, Pennsylvania)

Wear Purple For Peace Day

World Agri-Tourism Day

World Barrett’s Day

World Bloodless Surgery Day

World Chartreuse Day

World Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) Awareness Day

World Day of Heavy Metal

World Education Support Personnel Day

Food & Drink Celebrations

Gluten-Free Beer Day (Portland, Oregon)

Hires Root Beer Day

International Ezerjó Day (Hungary)

International Pickle Day

Mimosa Day

National BBQ Day

National Coquilles St. Jacques Day

National Strawberry Milkshake Day

Root Beer Day

Spaghetti-O's Day

Independence & Related Days

Batavian Republic (Established in Holland; 1795)

Boshka (Declared; 2007) [unrecognized]

British Columbia (Admitted as a Province; Canada; 1871)

Intercontinental Republic of the Americas (Declared; 2022) [unrecognized]

Lombardic Republic (Established; 1796)

New Somerset (Declared; 2022) [unrecognized]

Sikkim State Day (India)

3rd Thursday in May

Brown Bag It Thursday [3rd Thursday]

Global Accessibility Awareness Day [3rd Thursday]

Hummus Day [3rd Thursday]

International Vyshyvanka Day [3rd Thursday]

Mental Health Action Day [3rd Thursday]

National Apéritif Day [3rd Thursday]

National Notebook Day [3rd Thursday]

Throwback Thursday [Every Thursday]

Weekly Holidays beginning May 16 (2nd Full Week)

National Foul Ball Week (thru 5.21)

National Transportation Week (thru 5.33)

Festivals Beginning May 16, 2024

Asheville Beer Week (Asheville, North Carolina) [thru 5.26]

Beer Garden (Jackson, Wisconsin) [thru 5.17]

Bergkirchweih (Erlangen, Germany) [thru 5.27]

Calavaras County Fair & Jumping Frog Jubilee (Calaveras County Fairgrounds, California) [thru 5.19]

Glyndebourne Festival Opera (Lewes, United Kingdom) [thru 8.25]

Greek Festival (Paramus, New Jersey) [thru 5.19]

National Morel Mushroom Festival (Boyne City, Michigan) [thru 5.19]

Orange City Tulip Festival (Orange City, Iowa) [thru 5.18]

Pasadena Strawberry Festival (Pasadena, Texas) [thru 5.19]

Paso Wine Fest (Paso Robles, California) [thru 5.19]

Rooster Days (Broken Arrow, Oklahoma) [thru 5.19]

Rose’ Revival and Other Cool Whites (Kirkland, Washington)

Saint Petersburg International Book Fair (Saint Petersburg, Russia) [thru 5.19]

San Diego International Fringe Festival (San Diego, California) [thru 5.26]

TETWP Beers For Boobs (Twin Falls County, Idaho)

Feast Days

Aaron (Coptic Church)

Abda and Abdjesus, and companions (Christian; Saint)

Abdas of Susa (Christian; Saint)

Advanced Tree Hugging and Arborial Sex Day (Pastafarian)

Aleksandr Laktionov (Artology)

Alfred Pellan (Artology)

Andrew Bobola (Christian; Saint)

Beige Fraggle (Muppetism)

Bismarck Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Brendan the Navigator (Roman Catholic Church, Anglican Communion, Eastern Orthodox Church)

Carantoc (a.k.a. Carannog; Christian; Saint)

Caroline Chisholm (Church of England)

Domnolus (Christian; Saint)

Eir’s Blot (Pagan)

Gemma Galgani (Passionists Calendar)

Germerius (Christian; Saint)

Hadrian (Positivist; Saint)

Honoratus of Amiens (Christian; Saint)

John of Nepomuk (Christian; Martyr) [Bohemia, Czech Republic]

John Sell Cotman (Artology)

Laura Wheeler Waring (Artology)

Margaret of Cortona (Christian; Saint)

Martyrs of Sudan (Episcopal Church (USA))

Peregrine of Auxerre (Christian; Saint)

Possidius (Christian; Saint)

Say Goodbye to Bad Relationships Day (Starza Pagan Book of Days)

Simon Stock (Christian; Saint)

Skinny Dipping Day (Pastafarian)

Studs Terkel (Writerism)

Tamara de Lempicka (Artology)

Ubald of Gubbio (Christian; Saint)

Woody Herman (Humanist; Saint)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because Wikipedia launched.)

Premieres

Agent in Place, by Helen MacInnes (Novel; 1976)

Annie Get Your Gun (Broadway Musical; 1946)

Beer The Movie (Film; 2006)

Breaker Morant (Film; 1980)

But Seriously, Folks…, by Joe Walsh (Album; 1978)

The Day of the Locust, by Nathanael West (Novel; 1939) 

The Eighth Day, buy Thornton Wilder (Novel; 1967)

Fame (Film; 1980)

Godzilla (Film; 2014)

Great Lion of God, by Taylor Caldwell (Novel; 1970)

The Great Train Robbery, by Michael Crichton (Novel; 1975)

The Iceman Ducketh (WB LT Cartoon; 1964)

I’d Love to Take Orders from You (WB MM Cartoon; 1936)

(I’m Gonna) Love Me Again, by Elton John and Taron Egerton (Song; 2019)

Just Dogs (Silly Symphony Cartoon; 1932)

Le Triomphe de L’Amour (Court Opera; 1681)

Little Gravel Voice (MGM Cartoon; 1942)

Live at Leeds, by The Who (Live Album; 1970)

Lucky Pigs (Color Rhapsody Cartoon; 1939)

The Magic Shell (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1941)

The Man Who Knew Too Much (Film; 1956)

Moonlight Becomes You, by Mary Higgins Clark (Novel; 1996)

Okey Dokey Donkey (Noveltoons Cartoon; 1958)

Oops!… I Did It Again, by Britney Spears (Album; 2000)

Pet Sounds, by The Beach Boys (Album; 1966)

Pink Aye (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1974)

Que Sera, Sera *Whatever Will Be, Will Be), by Doris Day (Song; 1956)

Shrek (Animated Film; 2001)

The Soft Machine, by William S. Burroughs (Novel; 1961)

Star Trek: Into Darkness (Film; 2013)

Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones (Film; 2002)

Summer Wind, recorded by Frank Sinatra (Song; 1966)

Sweet Liberty (Film; 1986)

Swimmer Take All (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1952)

Tai-Pan, by James Clavell (Novel; 1966)

Tennessee River, by Alabama (Song; 1980)

Top Gun (Film; 1986)

Two Gun Goofy (Disney Cartoon; 1952)

Today’s Name Days

Adolf, Johann (Austria)

Adam, Cvjetko, Ivan (Croatia)

Přemysl (Czech Republic)

Sara (Denmark)

Esta, Este, Ester, Esti (Estonia)

Essi, Ester, Esteri (Finland)

Brendan, Honoré (France)

Adolf, Johann Nepomuk (Germany)

Botond, Mózes (Hungary)

Adamo, Margherita, Oderzo, Tiziano, Ubaldo (Italy)

Edijs, Edvīns, Inese, Inesis (Latvia)

Andrius, Ubaldas, Vaidmantas (Lithuania)

Sara, Siren (Norway)

Andrzej, Honorat, Jan Nepomucen, Jędrzej, Szymon, Trzebomysł, Ubald, Wieńczysław, Wiktorian (Poland)

Natan, Paisie, Sila, Teodor (România)

Svetozár (Slovakia)

Honorato, Simón, Ubaldo (Spain)

Ronald, Ronny (Sweden)

Brand, Branden, Brandi, Brandon, Brandy, Brannon, Brant, Brenda, Brendan, Brenden, Brendon, Brenna, Brennan, Brent, Brenton (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 137 of 2024; 229 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 4 of week 20 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Huath (Hawthorn) [Day 5 of 28]

Chinese: Month 4 (Ji-Si), Day 9 (Geng-Chen)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 8 Iyar 5784

Islamic: 8 Dhu al-Qada 1445

J Cal: 17 Magenta; Threesday [17 of 30]

Julian: 3 May 2024

Moon: 61%: Waxing Gibbous

Positivist: 24 Caesar (5th Month) [Hadrian]

Runic Half Month: Ing (Expansive Energy) [Day 7 of 15]

Season: Spring (Day 59 of 92)

Week: 2nd Full Week of May

Zodiac: Taurus (Day 27 of 31)

#calendar #Holidays

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 5.16

Holidays

Academy Awards Day

Ask for Athletic Day

Bike to Wherever Day

Biographer's Day

Border Guard Day (Poland)

Chive Day (French Republic)

Drawing Day

European Maritime Day

516 Day

HAE (Hereditary Angioedema) Day

Honor Our LGBT Elders Day

International Celiac Awareness Day

International Day of Light

International Day of Living Together in Peace

International Day of Protest Against Shock Treatment

International Day of the Boy Child

Let’s Get Creative Day

Love A Tree Day

Martyrs of Sudan Day (Episcopal Church)

Mass Graves Day (Iraq)

Middlesex Day (UK)

Moonwalk Day

Moose Hide Campaign Day (Canada)

National Biographer’s Day

National Check Your Wipers Day

National Classic Movie Day

National Day (South Sudan)

National Dengue Day (India)

National Denim Day for the CURE Foundation (Canada)

National Do Something Good For Your Neighbor Day

National EBT Day

National Horse Rescue Day (Australia)

National Piercing Day

National Public Transportation Career Day

National Waiters Day

Nickel Day (US)

Ohio Players Day (Dayton, Ohio)

Pencil Day

Red Hill Holiday (Russia)

Ride a Unicycle Day

Romani Resistance Day

Sea Monkey Day

Sing "Row Row Row Your Boat" in Rounds Day

Sneeze Without Embarrassment Day

SPLA Day (South Sudan)

Sun Bear Day

Sylvia Asteroid Day

Teachers’ Day (Malaysia)

Try Not To Be As Stupid Today As You Normally Are Day

200k Day (Ukraine)

Ubald (Jesus, Pennsylvania)

Wear Purple For Peace Day

World Agri-Tourism Day

World Barrett’s Day

World Bloodless Surgery Day

World Chartreuse Day

World Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) Awareness Day

World Day of Heavy Metal

World Education Support Personnel Day

Food & Drink Celebrations

Gluten-Free Beer Day (Portland, Oregon)

Hires Root Beer Day

International Ezerjó Day (Hungary)

International Pickle Day

Mimosa Day

National BBQ Day

National Coquilles St. Jacques Day

National Strawberry Milkshake Day

Root Beer Day

Spaghetti-O's Day

Independence & Related Days

Batavian Republic (Established in Holland; 1795)

Boshka (Declared; 2007) [unrecognized]

British Columbia (Admitted as a Province; Canada; 1871)

Intercontinental Republic of the Americas (Declared; 2022) [unrecognized]

Lombardic Republic (Established; 1796)

New Somerset (Declared; 2022) [unrecognized]

Sikkim State Day (India)

3rd Thursday in May

Brown Bag It Thursday [3rd Thursday]

Global Accessibility Awareness Day [3rd Thursday]

Hummus Day [3rd Thursday]

International Vyshyvanka Day [3rd Thursday]

Mental Health Action Day [3rd Thursday]

National Apéritif Day [3rd Thursday]

National Notebook Day [3rd Thursday]

Throwback Thursday [Every Thursday]

Weekly Holidays beginning May 16 (2nd Full Week)

National Foul Ball Week (thru 5.21)

National Transportation Week (thru 5.33)

Festivals Beginning May 16, 2024

Asheville Beer Week (Asheville, North Carolina) [thru 5.26]

Beer Garden (Jackson, Wisconsin) [thru 5.17]

Bergkirchweih (Erlangen, Germany) [thru 5.27]

Calavaras County Fair & Jumping Frog Jubilee (Calaveras County Fairgrounds, California) [thru 5.19]

Glyndebourne Festival Opera (Lewes, United Kingdom) [thru 8.25]

Greek Festival (Paramus, New Jersey) [thru 5.19]

National Morel Mushroom Festival (Boyne City, Michigan) [thru 5.19]

Orange City Tulip Festival (Orange City, Iowa) [thru 5.18]

Pasadena Strawberry Festival (Pasadena, Texas) [thru 5.19]

Paso Wine Fest (Paso Robles, California) [thru 5.19]

Rooster Days (Broken Arrow, Oklahoma) [thru 5.19]

Rose’ Revival and Other Cool Whites (Kirkland, Washington)

Saint Petersburg International Book Fair (Saint Petersburg, Russia) [thru 5.19]

San Diego International Fringe Festival (San Diego, California) [thru 5.26]

TETWP Beers For Boobs (Twin Falls County, Idaho)

Feast Days

Aaron (Coptic Church)

Abda and Abdjesus, and companions (Christian; Saint)

Abdas of Susa (Christian; Saint)

Advanced Tree Hugging and Arborial Sex Day (Pastafarian)

Aleksandr Laktionov (Artology)

Alfred Pellan (Artology)

Andrew Bobola (Christian; Saint)

Beige Fraggle (Muppetism)

Bismarck Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Brendan the Navigator (Roman Catholic Church, Anglican Communion, Eastern Orthodox Church)

Carantoc (a.k.a. Carannog; Christian; Saint)

Caroline Chisholm (Church of England)

Domnolus (Christian; Saint)

Eir’s Blot (Pagan)

Gemma Galgani (Passionists Calendar)

Germerius (Christian; Saint)

Hadrian (Positivist; Saint)

Honoratus of Amiens (Christian; Saint)

John of Nepomuk (Christian; Martyr) [Bohemia, Czech Republic]

John Sell Cotman (Artology)

Laura Wheeler Waring (Artology)

Margaret of Cortona (Christian; Saint)

Martyrs of Sudan (Episcopal Church (USA))

Peregrine of Auxerre (Christian; Saint)

Possidius (Christian; Saint)

Say Goodbye to Bad Relationships Day (Starza Pagan Book of Days)

Simon Stock (Christian; Saint)

Skinny Dipping Day (Pastafarian)

Studs Terkel (Writerism)

Tamara de Lempicka (Artology)

Ubald of Gubbio (Christian; Saint)

Woody Herman (Humanist; Saint)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because Wikipedia launched.)

Premieres

Agent in Place, by Helen MacInnes (Novel; 1976)

Annie Get Your Gun (Broadway Musical; 1946)

Beer The Movie (Film; 2006)

Breaker Morant (Film; 1980)

But Seriously, Folks…, by Joe Walsh (Album; 1978)

The Day of the Locust, by Nathanael West (Novel; 1939) 

The Eighth Day, buy Thornton Wilder (Novel; 1967)

Fame (Film; 1980)

Godzilla (Film; 2014)

Great Lion of God, by Taylor Caldwell (Novel; 1970)

The Great Train Robbery, by Michael Crichton (Novel; 1975)

The Iceman Ducketh (WB LT Cartoon; 1964)

I’d Love to Take Orders from You (WB MM Cartoon; 1936)

(I’m Gonna) Love Me Again, by Elton John and Taron Egerton (Song; 2019)

Just Dogs (Silly Symphony Cartoon; 1932)

Le Triomphe de L’Amour (Court Opera; 1681)

Little Gravel Voice (MGM Cartoon; 1942)

Live at Leeds, by The Who (Live Album; 1970)

Lucky Pigs (Color Rhapsody Cartoon; 1939)

The Magic Shell (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1941)

The Man Who Knew Too Much (Film; 1956)

Moonlight Becomes You, by Mary Higgins Clark (Novel; 1996)

Okey Dokey Donkey (Noveltoons Cartoon; 1958)

Oops!… I Did It Again, by Britney Spears (Album; 2000)

Pet Sounds, by The Beach Boys (Album; 1966)

Pink Aye (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1974)

Que Sera, Sera *Whatever Will Be, Will Be), by Doris Day (Song; 1956)

Shrek (Animated Film; 2001)

The Soft Machine, by William S. Burroughs (Novel; 1961)

Star Trek: Into Darkness (Film; 2013)

Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones (Film; 2002)

Summer Wind, recorded by Frank Sinatra (Song; 1966)

Sweet Liberty (Film; 1986)

Swimmer Take All (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1952)

Tai-Pan, by James Clavell (Novel; 1966)

Tennessee River, by Alabama (Song; 1980)

Top Gun (Film; 1986)

Two Gun Goofy (Disney Cartoon; 1952)

Today’s Name Days

Adolf, Johann (Austria)

Adam, Cvjetko, Ivan (Croatia)

Přemysl (Czech Republic)

Sara (Denmark)

Esta, Este, Ester, Esti (Estonia)

Essi, Ester, Esteri (Finland)

Brendan, Honoré (France)

Adolf, Johann Nepomuk (Germany)

Botond, Mózes (Hungary)

Adamo, Margherita, Oderzo, Tiziano, Ubaldo (Italy)

Edijs, Edvīns, Inese, Inesis (Latvia)

Andrius, Ubaldas, Vaidmantas (Lithuania)

Sara, Siren (Norway)

Andrzej, Honorat, Jan Nepomucen, Jędrzej, Szymon, Trzebomysł, Ubald, Wieńczysław, Wiktorian (Poland)

Natan, Paisie, Sila, Teodor (România)

Svetozár (Slovakia)

Honorato, Simón, Ubaldo (Spain)

Ronald, Ronny (Sweden)

Brand, Branden, Brandi, Brandon, Brandy, Brannon, Brant, Brenda, Brendan, Brenden, Brendon, Brenna, Brennan, Brent, Brenton (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 137 of 2024; 229 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 4 of week 20 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Huath (Hawthorn) [Day 5 of 28]

Chinese: Month 4 (Ji-Si), Day 9 (Geng-Chen)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 8 Iyar 5784

Islamic: 8 Dhu al-Qada 1445

J Cal: 17 Magenta; Threesday [17 of 30]

Julian: 3 May 2024

Moon: 61%: Waxing Gibbous

Positivist: 24 Caesar (5th Month) [Hadrian]

Runic Half Month: Ing (Expansive Energy) [Day 7 of 15]

Season: Spring (Day 59 of 92)

Week: 2nd Full Week of May

Zodiac: Taurus (Day 27 of 31)

#Holidays

[nordleuchten]

Hello! Do you by any chance know where Lafayette and his family lived after they were released from Olmütz, and waiting to go back to France?

Dear @mxtallmadge,

yes, I do know by chance where the La Fayette’s stayed in exile before returning to France. Thank you for the question, this is actually one of my favourite episodes in La Fayette’s life.

They first went to a place called Gut Wittmoldt (the family often used slightly different spellings) that was located on the banks of the Plöner See. Madame de Tessé, Adrienne’s aunt, had rented the property and several emigrees lived there or in the surround area. La Fayette’s daughter Virginie wrote in her book:

At last on the 10th of October 1797 we arrived at Witmold a property Mme de Tessé had bought in a peninsula on lake Ploën. (…) At Witmold, my mother recovered her strength, and found repose of body and mind. My father found his friends. He was fond of Mme de Tessé, and had with her on every point complete community of opinions. His political life had met with her constant approbation, and you may fancy what charm five years of silence at Olmütz added to Mme de Tessé’s lively, animated and piquante conversation.

Mme de Lasteyrie, Life of Madame de Lafayette, L. Techener, London, 1872, pp. 372-373.

For the winter months of 1797/98, La Fayette rented Gut Lehmkuhlen, close by Wittmold. There were several reasons for the move. The family wanted to have a place of their own – and not everybody was as much in perfect agreement with La Fayette’s political opinions and actions as Madame de Tessé was. Virginie wrote:

Mme de Maisonneuve came to see her brother and joined us at Lhemkulen, a large castle in Holstein, near Witmold, which my father had hired for the winter. Shortly afterwards my brother arrived from Mount Vernon. Under General Washington’s paternal care he had become a man. My mother was happy and so were her children.

Mme de Lasteyrie, Life of Madame de Lafayette, L. Techener, London, 1872, p. 374.

After the winter months, the family moved back to Wittmoldt. It was then and there that Anastasie married. After the wedding, the family moved to Vianen, near Utrecht. Again turning to Virginie:

After a short stay there [Paris], and a visit to Mme de Chavaniac in Auvergne, we all met again in the following year 1799 at Vianen, near Utrecht. My father had come there from Holstein, with George. Exiles can fix themselves nowhere. Their only thought is to abandon their momentary home, their only wish to depart.

Mme de Lasteyrie, Life of Madame de Lafayette, L. Techener, London, 1872, p. 377.

Adrienne and Virginie had been in Paris and in the Auvergne, while La Fayette, Georges and Anastasie, now pregnant, had moved directly to Vianen. Adrienne and Virginie followed them there.

Gut Wittmoldt and Gut Lehmkuhlen were in a region that was then known as Danish Holstein. The region was very interesting from a cultural and social aspect, and it became the refuge for many French exiles. The region is today part of Northern Germany.

Vianen is a city in the Netherlands. By the time of the La Fayette’s settlement there, it belonged to the Batavian Republic.

I have made a detailed post about the La Fayette’s home in Vianen here.

I have no specific posts about either Wittmoldt or Lehmkuhlen – what is slightly ironic because I am very often in that area and have visited Wittmoldt especially quite often, but I never took any pictures.

Lehmkuhlen has, rather recently, been turned into a biogas plant but the gardens of the former estate have been preserved.

Wittmoldt is still owned by the same family and on their website they even advertise with the fact that La Fayette and his family stayed on their property. Today, the estate hosts many cultural events like concerts, workshops and art and craft markets. They also offer Equine-assisted therapy. Furthermore, Gut Wittmoldt can be rented for weddings or the like (the chapel where Anastasie married is no longer standing). Several of the buildings on the property have also been turned into guesthouses for tourists. Most modern buildings in Wittmoldt are from the 1860’s but there is at least the old bakehouse from the early 1790’s that La Fayette would have known and that also had been turned into a guesthouse.

I hope the information was helpful. I have a la fayette in exile-tag, that might interest you as well. I hope you have/had a lovely day!

#ask me anything #mxtallmadge #la fayette in exile #marquis de lafayette #la fayette #french history #american history #french revolution #history #1797 #1798 #wittmoldt #lehmkuhlen #anastasie de la fayette #virginie de la fayette #georges de la fayette #adrienne de la fayette #adrienne de noailles #vianen

[wikiuntamed]

Five steps of Wikipedia for Thursday, 14th March 2024

Welcome, أهلا بك (ahlan bika), nuqneH, 환영 (hwanyeong) 🤗 Five steps of Wikipedia from "Famous Accountants" to "County of Holland". 🪜👣

Start page 👣🏁: Famous Accountants "Famous Accountants is a contemporary art gallery located in Ridgewood, in the New York City borough of Queens, near the border with the Bushwick, Brooklyn. It was founded in October 2009 by artists Kevin Regan and Ellen Letcher, who opened the space to carry on the community spirit of Austin..."

Step 1️⃣ 👣: Brooklyn "Brooklyn is a borough of New York City. Located on the westernmost edge of Long Island, it is coextensive with Kings County in the U.S. state of New York. With 2,736,074 residents as of the 2020 United States census, Kings County is the most populous of the five boroughs of New York City and the..."

Image licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0? by Suiseiseki

Step 2️⃣ 👣: 's-Gravenzande "'s-Gravenzande is a town in the province of South Holland, in the Netherlands. It is a part of the municipality of Westland, and lies about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southwest of The Hague. Until 2004 it was a separate municipality and covered an area of 20.77 km2 (of which 3.38 km2 water). The town of..."

Image by Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

Step 3️⃣ 👣: Floris IV, Count of Holland "Floris IV (24 June 1210 – 19 July 1234) was the count of Holland from 1222 to 1234. He was born in The Hague, a son of William I of Holland and his first wife, Adelaide of Guelders. Floris succeeded his father in 1222. His regent was Baldwin of Bentheim. He acquired the Land of Altena. He had..."

Step 4️⃣ 👣: Adelaide of Holland "Adelaide of Holland (Dutch: Aleide (Aleidis); c. 1230 – buried 9 April 1284), was a Countess of Hainaut by marriage to John I, Count of Hainaut. She acted as the regent of the County of Holland during the minority of her nephew Count Floris V between 1256 and 1263. She was a daughter of Floris IV,..."

Image by Wikifrits

Step 5️⃣ 👣: County of Holland "The County of Holland was a state of the Holy Roman Empire and from 1433 part of the Burgundian Netherlands, from 1482 part of the Habsburg Netherlands and from 1581 onward the leading province of the Dutch Republic, of which it remained a part until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. The territory of..."

Image licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0? by Sir Iain

#FiveStepsOfWikipedia #GemsOfWikipedia #WikiQuest #WikiExplorer #WhatDoesWikiSay

[berenices-commas]

Wesp - 1812-c.1820

Built in the aftermath of the abortive Anglo-Russian invasion of the Netherlands in 1799, the Wesp was one of ten schooners very similar to the previous entry, commissioned by the Batavian Republic for coastal defence. An agile, shallow-bottomed ship, she was well-suited for light skirmishing along the Dutch coast, although her seven guns were insufficient for more intense combat. Sadly, no record of her service history is available in English, or even of her decommissioning. She was probably retired at some point before 1825, like the others in her class.

#wasp

[erikashford]

headcanons. | 01.

family and history.

His name, and its spelling, are the fault of his mother. Though his father argued for the more anglicized version of it - Eric with a c - his mother insisted they use her father’s name to the letter, or not at all. And since his father had never been very good at saying no to his wife, and his own mother had turned on him regarding the matter, Erik ended up Eric, but with a k. His father’s preferred choice, Arthur, was demoted to the second name instead. 

The Old Norse spelling of his name tells the story of his mother’s origin. Astrid Ashford, nee Van Barneveld was born in the US as the daughter of Erik and Ingrid who hailed from the Batavian Republic (Netherlands) and emigrated to the US with her older siblings (a brother and a sister) a few years before they had her.

Though his mother attempted to speak Dutch to him when he was a child, these days Erik doesn’t feel as comfortable with the language as he does with French. He speaks it well enough to get around, but not in a way that was cultivated the way his French was. 

French had stuck with him very early on, and it eventually progressed into reading the French poets that were housed in Astrid’s library. This, he believes, is the only right way to read Rimbaud or Baudelaire or Hugo. He claims the translations chip away the soul of the written piece little by little, until it’s just not the same anymore. 

It was his mother’s library and her influence that spurred him towards the finer things this world had to offer. Sometimes he thinks she did it intentionally to have someone to speak to about books and someone to take with her to the theatre or the museum without feeling guilty about it. 

He suspects the Latin was her fault too. Staunch believer in the classical education, she forced it on him when he was very young, as if she was trying to cram in as much of her influence as she could before he became his father’s business. Erik doesn’t mind, he finds the language strange and arcane, and sometimes amuses himself with translations whenever he needs to think a little less and other ill-advised impulses are not an option. 

As mentioned, aside from his mother, he owes his name to his grandmother’s efforts too. She was the one who argued, rather bluntly, that if Henry wishes to name his son Arthur, he ought to make another one, and let Astrid have a say on the firstborn. She did all the work, after all. Gladys Ashford, Erik believes, was born formidable. She came from money and married into it (albeit a bit begrudgingly), and did not flinch in the slightest at her son’s job, mostly because she was never much for flinching at anything. Though the woman does not particularly lend herself to affection (by design), Erik had always been rather fond of the old woman, and fully believes whatever imperviousness his father and him inherited, it was from her and not Erik’s grandfather.

TBA

misc. 

He owns twin Remington Model 1890 revolvers, with engraved barrels, nickel-plated finish and smooth bone grip. They were given to him by his father when he turned 16 and had never really been off his person except during his deployment. Though initially meant as a symbolic gift, the guns stuck with Erik, both because he likes the rawness of them and their loveliness. By this point he’s grown so used to them that he doubts any new guns could be as accurate as his current revolvers. And besides, it was a gift from his father. If someone wants them, they’re going to have to pry them from his dead hands. 

How and where he shoots depends entirely on the target (if he’s able to pick, of course). He prefers to shoot his targets in the neck, a signature shot, if he wants them to get a good look at his face before they die. If he has respect for whoever’s on the other end of the barrel, he’ll do it with a clean, quick bullet to the head. 

As smoking is one of his vices, and Erik is a creature of habit, he can always be seen taking the cigarettes out of an intricately carved silver case. It was given to him by his grandmother years ago, and he’d foolishly taken it to the front as a reminder of his family. This means here and there the case is a bit bruised, but Erik refuses to get it fixed, keeping it this way as a memento and a lesson - don’t take nice shit into war. Alongside it, he carries an even more battered silver lighter, the initials E.M.R. carved into it. Though it works only half the time, and he usually has to resort to matches, Erik would protect the thing with his life. It’s the last thing Ezra had given him before he died.

Owns a black Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost, the 1922 one, inherited from his father. These days he doesn’t take it out in the street as much, hasn’t for months, unless he has to. It was one of the things his father enjoyed and his mother obligingly went along with, and the car brings back a lot of memories. Though, all things considered, it’d still be a shameless lie if he claimed he’s indifferent to the thing

TBA 

#hc

[cuirassier]

Dragoon of the Batavian republic, 1805, plate by R. Knotel

#History #Batavian republic #1805 #dragoon #cavalry #Napoleonic

[elliot521ii-blog]

#history memes #switzerland #revolutionary france #netherlands #helvetic republic #batavian republic #swiss neutrality