#Fred Korematsu
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Today, Jan. 30 California celebrates Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties and the Constitution. Where does Fred Korematsu come in? Mr. Korematsu was an American civil rights activist who stood up to the U.S. government’s wrongful incarceration of over 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry living on the West Coast during World War II. Even without support from his family or community, he disobeyed the government’s orders, and as a result, spent over two years in various prisons and wartime incarceration sites. His case went to the Supreme Court, and in 1944, the Court ruled against him, claiming the mass incarceration was a “military necessity.” Nearly 40 years later, the government finally issued apologies and reparations to the camp survivors who remained, and in 1998 President Bill Clinton awarded Mr. Korematsu the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States.
In the same year (1998), California also launched the California Civil Liberties Public Education Program. The program, managed by the California State Library, funds projects that educate the public about civil liberties injustices carried out based on an individual or group’s race, national origin, immigration status, religion, gender, or sexual orientation (including, but not limited to, the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II). Over 400 projects have been funded since the program’s birth, including video and audio broadcasts, books, graphic novels, photo collections and exhibits, museum displays, arts performances, material preservation, educational guides, websites, public art and monuments, and more. To learn more about the program, visit library.ca.gov/grants/civil-liberties.
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Unfinished Business (1985).
1985 documentary film about Min Yasui, an attorney from Oregon, Gordon Hirabayashi, a Quaker college student in Washington, and Fred Korematsu, a San Francisco welder and how their lives were affected by Japanese American internment during World War II.
Surprised to see this with so few reviews! What a great documentary, and so well-deserving of its Oscar nomination in '85. Taking an empathetic eye to the experiences of Japanese-Americans forced into internment camps in the US during World War II, it explores the case of three individual men, Min Yasui, Gordon Hirabayashi and Fred Korematsu, who each tried to fight the Supreme Court on Order 9066. It's harrowing in parts, but creates not just a compelling portrait of these three men, but offers insight into a facet of the war not often talked about, and the long arm of generational trauma that's affected the generations that have come after them. Really powerful stuff. 8/10.
#unfinished business#1985#oscars 58#nom: documentary#steven okazaki#laura ide#jane kaihatsu#fred korematsu#gordon hirabayashi#min yasui#documentary#japanese#american#america#world war ii#war#courtroom drama#8/10
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Fred Korematsu chose to stay at home rather than move to an incarceration camp during WWII, and was arrested for violating military orders. U.S. v Korematsu tested the constitutionality of EO 9066. Docket filing, 6/12/1942.
File Unit: United States v. Korematsu, 1942 - 1984
Series: Criminal Case Files, ca. 1851 - 1986
Record Group 21: Records of District Courts of the United States, 1685 - 2009
Transcription:
Frank J. Hennessy,
United States Attorney,
Attorney for Plaintiff
PRESENTED IN OPEN COURT AND ORDERED
FILED
JUN 12, 1942
WALTER B. MALING, CLERK
(signed by Deputy Clerk)
IN THE SOUTHERN DIVISION OF THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff
vs.
FRED TOYOSABURO KOREMATSU, Defendant
No. 27635W
INFORMATION
(Public Law No. 503, Seventy-Seventh Congress Chapter 191, Second Session, H.R. 6758)
Leave of Court being first had, FRANK J. HENNESSY, United States Attorney for said District, comes, and for the United States of America informs this Court: THAT FRED TOYOSABURO KOREMATSU, (hereinafter called "said defendant"), being at all the times herein mentioned a person of Japanese ancestry, and being within the geographical limits of Military Area No. 1 as said Area is defined and described in Proclamation No. 1, dated March 2, 1942, issued by J. L. De Witt, Commanding General, Western Defense Command, and Military Commander designated by the Secretary of War, pursuant to Executive Order No. 9066 of the President of the United States. dated February 19, 1942, did, on or about the 30th day of May, 1942, at the City of San Leandro, County of Alameda, State of California, within said division and district, and within the geographical limits of Area No. 1, unlawfully, wilfully and knowingly commit an act contrary to the
-1- (handwritten note in margin: BM Mat. Met (6-22-42))
[page 2]
restrictions applicable to said Area, and contrary to the order of the Secretary of War and of such Military Commander, in that he, the said defendant, was, at said time and place, and did, at said time and place, remain in that portion of Military Area No. 1 covered by Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 of said Commanding General, J. L. De Witt, issued on May 3, 1942, in which all persons of Japanese ancestry are excluded from, and not allowed to remain in, the said City of San Leandro, County of Alameda, State of California, after 12 o'clock, noon, P.W.T. May 9, 1942; that at said time said defendant knew of the existence of said restrictions and order. and that his said act was in violation thereof.
/SIGNED/Frank J. Hennessy
FRANK J. HENNESSY
United States Attorney
-2-
#archivesgov#June 12#1942#1940#World War II#WWII#Japanese American incarceration#Japanese American history#Asian American history#EO 9066#California#US v Korematsu
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Honoring Fred Korematsu on his birthday – AsAmNews
Photo courtesy of Fred Korematsu’s family // via Wikimedia Commons
“Throughout his life, Korematsu worked tirelessly to ensure Americans understood the lessons learned from a dark chapter of our history. Today, as we confront attacks on our fundamental rights and freedoms and hate-fueled violence across the country, it is clear that Korematsu’s extraordinary fight for civil rights is far from…
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Holidays 1.30
Holidays
Bloody Sunday (a.k.a. Bogside Massacre Anniversary Day; Northern Ireland)
Cash Register Day
Change Your Voicemail Greeting Day
Congressional Brawl Day
CTE Awareness Day
Customs Officers Day (Azerbaijan)
Day of Azerbaijani Customs (Azerbaijan)
Day of Saudade (Brazil)
Day of Solidarity with Poland
Denise D’Ascenzo Day (Connecticut)
Draw A Dinosaur Day [ website ]
Escape Day
Felix IV, pope (Roman Catholic)
Festival of Peace
Franklin D. Roosevelt Day (Kentucky; Virgin Islands)
Fred Korematsu Day (California, Florida, Hawaii, Virginia)
Hellebore Day (French Republic)
Help America Vote Day
Hippolytus of Rome (Christian Orthodox)
Hi-Yo, Silver Day
Inane Answering Message Day
Indonesian Primate Day (Indonesia)
International Day of Electronic Technicians
Jazz Record Day
Ka Moloka’i Makahiki (Hawaii)
Martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi
Martyrs' Day (India)
National Cleanliness Day (India)
National Comics Day (Brazil)
National Escape Day
National Flirt A Little Bit Day
National Maxwell Day
National Write to Congress Day
Primate Day (Indonesia)
Saudade Day (Brazil)
School Day of Non-Violence and Peace (Spain)
Season for Nonviolence begins [thru 4.4]
Social Media Day (UN)
Teacher’s Day (Spain)
Women’s Peerage Day (UK)
World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day
Yodel For Your Neighbors Day
Food & Drink Celebrations
National Croissant Day
5th & Last Tuesday in January
A.F.R.M.A. Fancy Rat & Mouse Day [Last Tuesday]
National Plan for Vacation Day [Last Tuesday]
Up Helly Aa Day (Scotland) [Last Tuesday]
Independence & Related Days
Republic of Westland (Declared; 2010) [unrecognized]
Festivals Beginning January 30, 2024
Iowa AG Expo (Des Moines, Iowa) [thru 2.1]
Key Western Fest (Key West, Florida) [thru 2.3]
Lerwick Up Helly Aa (Lerwick, Scotland)
Feast Days
Adelelmus of Burgos (Christian; Saint)
Aldegondes (Christian; Saint)
Anthony the Great (Coptic Church)
Armentarius of Pavia (Christian; Saint)
Barbara Tuchman (Writerism)
Barsimaeus (Christian; Saint)
Balthildes (Christian; Saint)
Bernardo Bellotto (Artology)
Charles, King (Various Provinces of the Anglican Communion; Martyr)
Day of Pax (Pagan)
Dianic Wicca Day (Everyday Wicca)
Exercise Your Brain Day (Pastafarian)
Feast of Sr. Basil the Great, St. Gregory the Theologian, and St. John Chrysostom (Roman Catholic)
Februalia begins (Purification Festival; Ancient Rome) [through 2.2]
Feriae Sementiva (Feast of Spring; Ancient Rome; Everyday Wicca)
Fox, Chicken & Bear (Muppetism)
Gelett Burgess (Writerism)
Hippolytus of Rome (Christian; Saint)
Hyacintha Mariscotti (Christian; Saint)
Imbolc Potato Chowder Day (Starza Pagan Book of Days)
Ice T Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)
Lloyd Alexander (Writerism)
Martina (Christian; Virgin, Martyr)
Matthias of Jerusalem (Christian; Saint)
Mutien-Marie Wiaux (Christian; Saint)
Pax (Ancient Roman Festival of Peace)
Puce and Ochre Day (Shamanism)
Richard Brautigan (Writerism)
Sadeh Festival (Ancient Iranian Midwinter Festival; Tajikistan)
Saraswati Day (Goddess of Knowledge; Bali)
Savina (Christian; Martyr)
Three Holy Hierarchs (Eastern Orthodox)
Tyrtæus (Positivist; Saint)
Lucky & Unlucky Days
Sensho (先勝 Japan) [Good luck in the morning, bad luck in the afternoon.]
Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because Hitler was elected.)
Premieres
Ali Baba (Ub Iwerks Comicolor Cartoon; 1936)
The Americans (TV Series; 2013)
Ancient History (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1953)
The Animal Fair (Noveltoons Cartoon; 1959)
Around the World in 80 Days (Novel; 1873)
The Bean and the Bean, featuring Barney Bear (MGM Cartoon; 1948)
Blue Suede Shoes, recorded by Elvis Presley (Song; 1956)
Burning in Water, Drowning in Flame, by Charles Bukowski (Poetry; 1974)
Cats and Bruises (WB MM Cartoon; 1965)
City Lights (Film; 1931)
The Colossus of Maroussi, by Henry Miller (Travelogue; 1941)
The Darktown Strutters’ Ball, recorded by The Original Dixieland Jazz Band (Song; 1917)
The Double: A Petersburg Poem, by Fyodor Dostoevsky (Novel; 1846)
Experience and Education, by John Dewey (Science Book; 1938)
A Florentine Tragedy, by Alexander Zemlinsky and Oscar Wilde (Opera; 1917)
Great Expectations (Film; 1998)
The Guns of August, by Barbara W. Tuchman (History Book; 1962)
Honey, recorded by Bobby Goldsboro (Song; 1968)
I Fall to Pieces, by Patsy Cline (Song; 1961)
I Gopher You (WB MM Cartoon; 1954)
The Lone Ranger (Radio Show; 1933)
Music For Everybody (Disney Animated TV Special; 1966)
Olive Oil for President (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1948)
Outrageous Fortune (Film; 1987)
Pigs Is Pigs (WB MM Cartoon; 1937)
The Plumber (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1933)
Posse Cat (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1954)
Red Hot, recorded by Billy Lee Riley (Song; 1956)
Rooftop Concert, by The Beatles (Live Concert; 1969)
Taken (Film; 2009)
Underwater Eyeball or The Deep Blue See (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S3, Ep. 147; 1962)
Underwater Moose or The Aqua-Lunk (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S3, Ep. 148; 1962)
The Witch of Pickyoon, Parts 3 & 4 (Underdog Cartoon, S1, Eps. 34 & 36 1965)
The Yogi Bear Show (Animated TV Series; 1961)
Today’s Name Days
Gerd, Gerhard, Josef, Valerius (Austria)
Tvrtko, Valerije, Zdeslav, Zdravko (Croatia)
Zdislava (Czech Republic)
Valerius (Denmark)
Valmo, Valter (Estonia)
Valtteri (Finland)
Gildas (France)
Gerd, Gerhard, Josef (Germany)
Varsamia (Greece)
Adél (Hungary)
Aquilino, Costanzo, Valerio, Vitale (Italy)
Aivars, Valērijs (Latvia)
Aivaras, Girkantas, Valerijus, Žibutė (Lithuania)
Herdis, Hermann, Hermod (Norway)
Franciszek Salezy, Gilda, Hanna, Walerian, Waleriana, Waleriusz, Zdzisław (Poland)
Ignatie (Romania)
Gašpar (Slovakia)
Valerio, Valero (Spain)
Diana (Sweden)
Gilda, Goldie, Sheldon, Shelley, Shelly, Shelton, Ophrah, Oprah (USA)
Today is Also…
Day of Year: Day 30 of 2024; 336 days remaining in the year
ISO: Day 2 of week 5 of 2024
Celtic Tree Calendar: Luis (Rowan) [Day 10 of 28]
Chinese: Month 12 (Yi-Chou), Day 20 (Gui-Si)
Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)
Hebrew: 20 Shevat 5784
Islamic: 19 Rajab 1445
J Cal: 30 White; Lastday [30 of 30]
Julian: 17 January 2024
Moon: 79%: Waning Gibbous
Positivist: 2 Homer (2nd Month) [Tyrtæus)
Runic Half Month: Elhaz (Elk) [Day 6 of 15]
Season: Winter (Day 41 of 89)
Zodiac: Capricorn (Day 9 of 28)
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Holidays 1.30
Holidays
Bloody Sunday (a.k.a. Bogside Massacre Anniversary Day; Northern Ireland)
Cash Register Day
Change Your Voicemail Greeting Day
Congressional Brawl Day
CTE Awareness Day
Customs Officers Day (Azerbaijan)
Day of Azerbaijani Customs (Azerbaijan)
Day of Saudade (Brazil)
Day of Solidarity with Poland
Denise D’Ascenzo Day (Connecticut)
Draw A Dinosaur Day [ website ]
Escape Day
Felix IV, pope (Roman Catholic)
Festival of Peace
Franklin D. Roosevelt Day (Kentucky; Virgin Islands)
Fred Korematsu Day (California, Florida, Hawaii, Virginia)
Hellebore Day (French Republic)
Help America Vote Day
Hippolytus of Rome (Christian Orthodox)
Hi-Yo, Silver Day
Inane Answering Message Day
Indonesian Primate Day (Indonesia)
International Day of Electronic Technicians
Jazz Record Day
Ka Moloka’i Makahiki (Hawaii)
Martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi
Martyrs' Day (India)
National Cleanliness Day (India)
National Comics Day (Brazil)
National Escape Day
National Flirt A Little Bit Day
National Maxwell Day
National Write to Congress Day
Primate Day (Indonesia)
Saudade Day (Brazil)
School Day of Non-Violence and Peace (Spain)
Season for Nonviolence begins [thru 4.4]
Social Media Day (UN)
Teacher’s Day (Spain)
Women’s Peerage Day (UK)
World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day
Yodel For Your Neighbors Day
Food & Drink Celebrations
National Croissant Day
5th & Last Tuesday in January
A.F.R.M.A. Fancy Rat & Mouse Day [Last Tuesday]
National Plan for Vacation Day [Last Tuesday]
Up Helly Aa Day (Scotland) [Last Tuesday]
Independence & Related Days
Republic of Westland (Declared; 2010) [unrecognized]
Festivals Beginning January 30, 2024
Iowa AG Expo (Des Moines, Iowa) [thru 2.1]
Key Western Fest (Key West, Florida) [thru 2.3]
Lerwick Up Helly Aa (Lerwick, Scotland)
Feast Days
Adelelmus of Burgos (Christian; Saint)
Aldegondes (Christian; Saint)
Anthony the Great (Coptic Church)
Armentarius of Pavia (Christian; Saint)
Barbara Tuchman (Writerism)
Barsimaeus (Christian; Saint)
Balthildes (Christian; Saint)
Bernardo Bellotto (Artology)
Charles, King (Various Provinces of the Anglican Communion; Martyr)
Day of Pax (Pagan)
Dianic Wicca Day (Everyday Wicca)
Exercise Your Brain Day (Pastafarian)
Feast of Sr. Basil the Great, St. Gregory the Theologian, and St. John Chrysostom (Roman Catholic)
Februalia begins (Purification Festival; Ancient Rome) [through 2.2]
Feriae Sementiva (Feast of Spring; Ancient Rome; Everyday Wicca)
Fox, Chicken & Bear (Muppetism)
Gelett Burgess (Writerism)
Hippolytus of Rome (Christian; Saint)
Hyacintha Mariscotti (Christian; Saint)
Imbolc Potato Chowder Day (Starza Pagan Book of Days)
Ice T Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)
Lloyd Alexander (Writerism)
Martina (Christian; Virgin, Martyr)
Matthias of Jerusalem (Christian; Saint)
Mutien-Marie Wiaux (Christian; Saint)
Pax (Ancient Roman Festival of Peace)
Puce and Ochre Day (Shamanism)
Richard Brautigan (Writerism)
Sadeh Festival (Ancient Iranian Midwinter Festival; Tajikistan)
Saraswati Day (Goddess of Knowledge; Bali)
Savina (Christian; Martyr)
Three Holy Hierarchs (Eastern Orthodox)
Tyrtæus (Positivist; Saint)
Lucky & Unlucky Days
Sensho (先勝 Japan) [Good luck in the morning, bad luck in the afternoon.]
Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because Hitler was elected.)
Premieres
Ali Baba (Ub Iwerks Comicolor Cartoon; 1936)
The Americans (TV Series; 2013)
Ancient History (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1953)
The Animal Fair (Noveltoons Cartoon; 1959)
Around the World in 80 Days (Novel; 1873)
The Bean and the Bean, featuring Barney Bear (MGM Cartoon; 1948)
Blue Suede Shoes, recorded by Elvis Presley (Song; 1956)
Burning in Water, Drowning in Flame, by Charles Bukowski (Poetry; 1974)
Cats and Bruises (WB MM Cartoon; 1965)
City Lights (Film; 1931)
The Colossus of Maroussi, by Henry Miller (Travelogue; 1941)
The Darktown Strutters’ Ball, recorded by The Original Dixieland Jazz Band (Song; 1917)
The Double: A Petersburg Poem, by Fyodor Dostoevsky (Novel; 1846)
Experience and Education, by John Dewey (Science Book; 1938)
A Florentine Tragedy, by Alexander Zemlinsky and Oscar Wilde (Opera; 1917)
Great Expectations (Film; 1998)
The Guns of August, by Barbara W. Tuchman (History Book; 1962)
Honey, recorded by Bobby Goldsboro (Song; 1968)
I Fall to Pieces, by Patsy Cline (Song; 1961)
I Gopher You (WB MM Cartoon; 1954)
The Lone Ranger (Radio Show; 1933)
Music For Everybody (Disney Animated TV Special; 1966)
Olive Oil for President (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1948)
Outrageous Fortune (Film; 1987)
Pigs Is Pigs (WB MM Cartoon; 1937)
The Plumber (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1933)
Posse Cat (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1954)
Red Hot, recorded by Billy Lee Riley (Song; 1956)
Rooftop Concert, by The Beatles (Live Concert; 1969)
Taken (Film; 2009)
Underwater Eyeball or The Deep Blue See (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S3, Ep. 147; 1962)
Underwater Moose or The Aqua-Lunk (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S3, Ep. 148; 1962)
The Witch of Pickyoon, Parts 3 & 4 (Underdog Cartoon, S1, Eps. 34 & 36 1965)
The Yogi Bear Show (Animated TV Series; 1961)
Today’s Name Days
Gerd, Gerhard, Josef, Valerius (Austria)
Tvrtko, Valerije, Zdeslav, Zdravko (Croatia)
Zdislava (Czech Republic)
Valerius (Denmark)
Valmo, Valter (Estonia)
Valtteri (Finland)
Gildas (France)
Gerd, Gerhard, Josef (Germany)
Varsamia (Greece)
Adél (Hungary)
Aquilino, Costanzo, Valerio, Vitale (Italy)
Aivars, Valērijs (Latvia)
Aivaras, Girkantas, Valerijus, Žibutė (Lithuania)
Herdis, Hermann, Hermod (Norway)
Franciszek Salezy, Gilda, Hanna, Walerian, Waleriana, Waleriusz, Zdzisław (Poland)
Ignatie (Romania)
Gašpar (Slovakia)
Valerio, Valero (Spain)
Diana (Sweden)
Gilda, Goldie, Sheldon, Shelley, Shelly, Shelton, Ophrah, Oprah (USA)
Today is Also…
Day of Year: Day 30 of 2024; 336 days remaining in the year
ISO: Day 2 of week 5 of 2024
Celtic Tree Calendar: Luis (Rowan) [Day 10 of 28]
Chinese: Month 12 (Yi-Chou), Day 20 (Gui-Si)
Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)
Hebrew: 20 Shevat 5784
Islamic: 19 Rajab 1445
J Cal: 30 White; Lastday [30 of 30]
Julian: 17 January 2024
Moon: 79%: Waning Gibbous
Positivist: 2 Homer (2nd Month) [Tyrtæus)
Runic Half Month: Elhaz (Elk) [Day 6 of 15]
Season: Winter (Day 41 of 89)
Zodiac: Capricorn (Day 9 of 28)
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Fred Korematsu, Civil Libertarian
This chart is for support of Mr. Korematsu’s civil liberties struggle so you can use it against the charts on the FDR Interment essay. I did not rectify it but chose the standard sunrise birth chart. Korematsu was born on January 30, 1919 in Oakland, California, the third of four sons born to parents who had immigrated from Japan.
Of all the asteroids that appear in the many maps during the War…
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Are we going into martial law
Recall the wording: “the Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.” We should pin down three words: rebellion, invasion, and public safety. The first would be to pin down a legal definition of the words that Sec 9 says can justify a suspension of habeas corpus. So I propose two ways to inhibit the use of martial law, short of a constitutional amendment. You may be laughing at me for suggesting that a piece of paper could help. Granted, in 1948, Congress saw the wrongness of the US seizing the property of the Japanese Americans and gave them compensation, and in 1990 paid $20,000 to each of the sufferers. Just so’s you’ll know, if we get in trouble today, THERE IS NOTHING IN WRITING TO PROTECT US against martial law - no Supreme Court refutation and no Congressional fussing. She even said that “the original precedent still holds.” But NOT because there was anything wrong with the martial law, just something wrong in Korematsu’s personal case. In 1984, his case was re-opened, and Judge Marilyn Patel in California acquitted him. One Japanese man arrested for breaking FDR’s curfew was Fred Korematsu. He then added more: his Executive Order 9066 says, “I hereby further authorize and direct the Secretary of War and the said Military Commanders to take such other steps as may deem advisable to enforce compliance.” Wow. He did write to Congress and get their permission to suspend habeas, per Article I, sec 9. It’s important to note that FDR was not a sloppy, kinda guy. Families in the three west coast states were herded into these camps. In 1942, President FDR wanted to intern Japanese Americans, including about 100,000 who had US citizenship. They are not secret they were openly used during Covid as a sort of quarantine thing. I have heard that FEMA camps have been built secretly on American soil, and I can tell you that camps exist in Australia, where I used to live. The main case, luckily, has to do with internment, that is, herding people into camps. But that was in a separate action, so does not furnish jurisprudence on the legality of martial law. It was a complicated situation for which Jackson eventually paid a contempt of court fee. In 1814 there was a declaration of martial law in New Orleans by General Jackson during the War of 1812 against the British. Rutledge, also of South Carolina, “was for declaring the Habeas Corpus inviolable- He did (not) conceive that a suspension could ever be necessary at the same time through all the States.” Pinckney of South Carolina moved that habeas should not be suspended but on the most urgent occasions, & then only for a limited time not exceeding twelve months.” Mr. James Madison’s notes show two objectors. (Note: the fact that it appears in Article I, which is the Legislature’s article and not in the President’s job description in Article II, tells us that the suspension of habeas corpus would need to be made by Congress.) Their final wording in Article I, Section 9 of the parchment is: ” the Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.” He set out to seize the armory but was defeated by a militia. In 1786, before the Constitutional Convention was called, there was a rebellion in Springfield, Massachusetts, led by Shay, a veteran of the Revolutionary war. Have we already seen martial law in the US? That would have the effect of taking away your legal rights, there would be no court to listen to you. Please direct yours to feds? Can Biden impose martial law? What does the parchment say? The parchment never uses the word “martial law.” But it does give Congress - and only Congress - the power to suspend habeas corpus. We want to thank Mary Maxwell for this Op-Ed. But New Hampshire’s stance won’t hold back the feds from doing it. New Hampshire’s state Constitution emphatically states, in Article 34: “No, ain’t gonna have martial law in this state. Trudeau imposed whatever “law” he wanted, including ways to freeze the donations properly sent by citizens. When will we get martial law? As you saw during the Canadian truckers’ convoy, Mr. The following is a summary of my presentation: Several candidates spoke: three gubernatorial hopefuls, Testerman, Riley, and Acciard two senatorial hopefuls, Vikram and Bolduc and three Congressional hopefuls, Prescott, Huff Brown, and myself. Yesterday I was at a very nice picnic at Elks Lodge, sponsored by the Republican Party of Dover.
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Fred Korematsu, a U.S. citizen and the son of Japanese immigrants, had refused to evacuate when President Roosevelt ordered the internment of Japanese-Americans during WWII. Korematsu was arrested on a street corner in San Leandro, California on May 30, 1942 for resisting Executive Order 9066, in which all people of Japanese descent were incarcerated in U.S. concentration camps. He was convicted and sent to the Topaz Internment Camp in Utah.
While in jail, Ernest Besig, the director of the American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, asked Korematsu if he was willing to challenge the constitutionality World War II Japanese Incarceration. Korematsu agreed and filed a case on June 12, 1942. The premise of the lawsuit was that Korematsu’s constitutional rights had been violated and he had suffered racial discrimination. However, the court ruled against Korematsu and he was sentenced to five years probation.
Determined to pursue his cause, Korematsu filed an appeal with Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and, later, to the U.S. Supreme Court. On Dec. 18, 1944, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Korematsu v. United States that the denial of civil liberties based on race and national origin was legal.
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It's January 30th, 🗽 Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties and the Constitution. In 2010, then-Governor of California Arnold Schwarzenegger signed this commemoration into law. It's now also being celebrated in Hawaii, Virginia, Florida, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Georgia, Utah, and South Carolina. The list is growing. This special day is dedicated to a Japanese-American civil rights activist and is the first such day in the history of America to be named after an Asian American.
Mr. Fred Korematsu was born in Oakland, California, on this day in 1919 to Japanese parents who immigrated to the US 14 years earlier. As a youth, he attended public schools and worked in his family's flower nursery. When 🌸 Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941, America panicked. President Franklin Roosevelt implemented Executive Order 9066, and the government forcibly relocated about 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry to hastily-built concentration camps.
Korematsu did not go willingly, though. He remained in California, claiming that Executive Order 9066 was unconstitutional. He went into hiding but was arrested, jailed, tried, and convicted. In 1944, the US 🏛️ Supreme Court ruled that Executive Order 9066 was constitutional.
The decision in Korematsu v. United States was very controversial. In 1983, his conviction for evading internment was finally overturned in US District Court for the Northern District of California. In 2011, six years after Korematsu’s death, the Department of Justice officially acknowledged that the US Supreme Court decision against Korematsu had been erroneous, but it still hasn't been explicitly overturned. Let's hope the Governator's act eventually succeeds in doing just that. ☮️ Peace… Jamiese of Pixoplanet
#Fred Korematsu Day#Fred Korematsu#Korematsu#concentration camps#governator#Daniel Dae Kim#Schwarzenegger#Arnold Schwarzenegger#civil liberties#Japanese Americans#Pearl Harbor#Executive Order 9066#FDR#Asian Americans#racism#US citizens#US history#US constitution#Jamiese#Pixoplanet
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On April 2, 1942, a group of nine CA State Library employees of Japanese ancestry (pictured below) was dismissed by the Personnel Board. Today, Jan. 30, we celebrate Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties and the Constitution. How are these facts related? Let's return to a tumultuous time in history.
First, why were these employees dismissed? Due to the repercussions of Executive Order 9066, issued by President Roosevelt on Feb. 19, 1942. The order allowed the gov't to incarcerate thousands of citizens and legal residents based on nothing but their Japanese ancestry.
Where does Fred Korematsu come in? Mr. Korematsu was an American civil rights activist who stood up to the U.S. government’s wrongful incarceration of over 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry living on the West Coast during World War II.
Even without support from his family or community, he disobeyed the government’s orders, and as a result, spent over two years in various prisons and wartime incarceration sites. His case went to the Supreme Court, and in 1944 the Court ruled against him, claiming the mass incarceration was a “military necessity.” Nearly 40 years later, the gov't finally issued apologies and reparations to camp survivors, and in 1998 President Clinton awarded Mr. Korematsu the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
In the same year (1998), California launched the CA Civil Liberties Public Education Program. The program, managed by the CA State Library, funds projects that educate the public about civil liberties injustices carried out based on an individual or group’s race, national origin, immigration status, religion, gender, or sexual orientation (including, but not limited to, the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II).
400+ projects have been funded since the program’s birth, including video/audio broadcasts, books, graphic novels, photo collections and exhibits, museum displays, arts performances, material preservation, educational guides, websites, public art and monuments, and more.
New rounds of funding become available each year, and project submissions for this year are open until April 14, 2023. To learn more about the program, visit library.ca.gov/grants/civil-liberties.
#Korematsu#Fred Korematsu#fred korematsu day#Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties#Japanese Internment#History#California#California History#Library#Education
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Maybe Fred Korematsu Needs a Post Office
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“They Called Us Enemy”: George Takei Recalls Interment and Its Cautionary History
Written by George Takei, Justin Eisinger, Steven Scott
Illustrated by Harmony Becker
This past weekend I got to make my annual pilgrimage to the nerd Mecca capital of the world; San Diego Comic-Con.
It’s a fun and often exhausting experience between panel hopping to see your favorite movie or TV show actors speak and standing in line often for hours just to see them or to buy merch in the Dealer’s hall.
(At least it wasn’t hot this year.)
Every year though, somehow or another, I always meet at least one celebrity be it intentionally or accidentally. Last year I got to run into Billy West, best known for his voice acting roles on Ren &Stimpy and Futurama, the year before that it was MMA legend Josh Barnett who is a huge comic book geek and before that I met my all-time favorite TV composer Bear McCreary. This year I got to not only meet, but cross a massive name off my bucket list, in George Takei.
(^It me...)
Takei needs no introduction of course; the outspoken OG Star Trek alum is now firmly an internet personality of sorts and hugely popular figure amongst my generation and nerdom alike. But he wasn’t there at Comic-Con to talk about Star Trek or any number of Science Fiction related items to his acting past. No, this time he was here to promote his new graphic novel “They Called Us Enemy” based on a much darker period in his life; the infamous internment of Japanese Americans in concentration camps across the country during World War II.
Takei has never been shy about his opinions on politics and society and definitely very open about his time in those camps but this graphic novel helps not only shed a light on his own personal experience there and all the nuanced feelings that came from that but just how deplorable Executive Order 9066 was on American History.
Now, with the recreation of concentration camps this time along the southern border indefinitely imprisoning migrants seeking asylum in our country, Takei’s graphic novel reminds us all why this is so wrong and why we should not turn our backs again.
“They Called Us Enemy” is one-part history book detailing key events, people and often distressing quotes from our politicians on Japanese-American concentration camps but three-parts a visual and written history of Takei’s family journey from pre-WWII internment to the present. Through his parents, his father a first generation Japanese American, his mother second generation to how the events of Pearl Harbor unlawfully stripped them of their dignity, they try their best to make sense of the situation while keeping their children from baring the weight of this shameful period of history. What is an “extended vacation” for Takei and his siblings is a prolonged agonizing experience of doubt, humiliation and degradation for his parents and the toll it takes on his father especially is told through the panels of this graphic novel.
I think the most astounding thing about this graphic novel is that it isn’t especially bitter. It’s upsetting for sure, and bitter in parts, as Takei certainly wants his reader to feel how his family felt through this period in American history but he makes a point of showing how inevitably in all things in America, the wheels of justice may be slow but they do not stop moving forward as long as there are those willing to fight for it. How Takei’s family handles this humiliating and degrading experience is both brave and sad all at once. Takei, for his and his younger siblings, part are completely ignorant of the situation they’ve been forced into and his parents do their best to keep things as normal as possible for them through this ordeal treating it as a long “vacation” for them. They do this despite the fact they’ve been forcibly torn away from their homes, given no time to pack their things, given nametags like cattle and forced to sleep and live in conditions befitting of farm animals.
America may not have led anyone into death camps, during this period, as the Germans did with the Jews but as Takei points out it was still based on fear of a perceived “enemy” and still forced Japanese Americans into these horrid conditions and to do things that our constitution and Bill of Rights explicitly states against for its citizens.
But for Takei, as a child back then, it was an adventure of sorts for he and his siblings that was shielded by his parents to keep him from grasping the full scope of what was really going on. In this way, the graphic novel is somewhat bittersweet; sweet that George and his siblings through the tireless effort of their parents was able to enjoy some level of a childhood within the camps but bitter that as he grew older he finally understood why he was there.
Through Takei’s writings and Harmony becker’s wonderful illustrations we get a grasp of the simultaneous joy and pain that Takei associates with this period in his life; how his mom, when given little time to grab her own personal belongings when the soldiers came, grabbed only things for her children such as sweets and a sewing machine to fashion them new clothes in the camps as to keep their childhoods alive, and how his father helped organize camp leadership and helped lead these disillusioned Americans who had no idea what the future held or if there was a future there at all.
It was in these camps in fact that Takei discovered his love for acting and theater, as funny as that may sound, as camp members were able to show movies within its barb-wired fences. Takei would use this inspiration when his family returned to Los Angeles to become an actor down the line and eventually take up his famous role as Sulu in “Star Trek” and the reason largely was because of the camps. As the graphic novel states Gene Rodenberry (Star Trek’s original creator) wanted a show that envisioned a future where a diverse cast of people worked together for the benefit of all humanity and having an Asian American not only be present in this cast but be a resourceful, responsible lead was paramount. Takei understanding how taking on a role that could give Asian Americans agency in popular media wanted the part immediately as it could help show the country that people who looked like him weren’t the enemy.
Fifty plus years later and he is still advocating for that representation and need for diversity today.
(Being God damn fabulous at it too)
The graphic novel does lay out many things that most average Americans are probably not familiar with; the fact that much of these Japanese-Americans belongings were liquefied and sold off after they were taken from their homes, that many of them tried to join the fight against Japan after Pearl Harbor but were turned away because of their race, and of course after the US finally needed more troops they conscripted members of these very same camps, people they had openly vilified and wrongly detained, to enlist later to become the 442nd Battalion the most decorated group of its kind during World War II.
It’s again infuriating and uplifting all at once; as Takei points out the people who chose to enlist from the camps were as much patriots and heroes as those who chose not to and who could blame them? Many Japanese Americans saw it as an opportunity to prove they were indeed Americans and show the country that had wronged them that they were as patriotic as their white counterparts. For the others it was an act of civil disobedience showing that they didn’t need prove anything to the country that had turned their backs on them.
Takei’s family chose the latter in this regard and nearly lost everything in the process.
The path toward justice is often a long and degrading road for victims and the unjustly accused. For Japanese Americans during this time it took damn near half a century before reparations were made and by then many of its oldest prisoners had passed away not knowing that America had admitted their guilt.
Its sad and if reading about this part of history and seeing what’s happening now at the border doesn’t make your blood boil, I’m not sure what will.
“They Call Us Enemy” does a great job of not only informing Americans on what happened during this time period and Takei’s very personal story in between all that, but offers a stark warning about repeating the mistakes of the past as we are now at the border. We cannot keep going with this cycle of endlessly vilifying folks for simply looking the part of “the enemy” regardless of their legal status or us being at war with countries that happen to look like them.
I’m of the mind that people deserve inalienable rights regardless of citizenry. Locking up people and throwing away the key indefinitely and ripping children from the arms of their screaming mothers (Something we didn’t even do to Japanese Americans) without trial is FUCKING WRONG PERIOD and ill-befitting of country that self-labels itself as the “greatest” on Earth.
If we are to pretend we are the good guys in any of these types of conflicts we better start acting like it. FUCKING NAZIS in Nuremberg were given trials after World War II; you cannot tell me an “illegal” doesn’t deserve a chance at a hearing.
I’m often very angry and bitter about the state of the country these days and where we appear to be trending as a society but Takei’s book is not all doom in gloom when it comes to its warning on where we currently stand on justice. As the graphic novel states:
Our strength as a country is that we are capable of change, we are capable of becoming the pillars of democracy and justice that we profess to be through the valiant efforts of those who fight for it. Whether it was the Abolitionists of the Civil War period, Martin Luther King during the Civil Rights era or for these wrongly interred folks, Fred Korematsu, Yuri Kochiyama, Wayne Collins, or Daniel K. Inouye, we will always find a way to move forward as long as brave individuals come together to fight for what’s right.
We can be those brave individuals too, so long as we stand up, voice our disapproval and move the needle of our democracy. We still have all the power here to affect change. We cannot let the wrongs of the past continue on in our present, our democracy and the very fabric of decency, respect, and justice depend on it. Takei’s family and 120,000 plus Japanese Americans who suffered through this depend on us being better for the present and future.
Don’t turn your back on it. Not now, not ever.
#they called us enemy#George Takei#japanese internment#internment camps#Star Trek#The Terror#Sulu#Graphic novel#comics#comic#comic books#reading#politics#border#social justice#Fred Korematsu#World War II#WWII#asian americans#asian#Americans#Japanese#Japan#Japanese American#The Farewell#crazy rich asians
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Fred Korematsu Day
Hello folks, today we look at the life and legacy of Fred Korematsu.
Previous videos about Japanese Internment:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rPhC...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-_dD6...
Patreon: http://patreon.com/denisricardo
Ko-fi: http://ko-fi.com/denisricardo
All other links: http://linktr.ee/denisricardo
Music: "How to evade a place with no wall" by Komiku
#fred korematsu#fred korematsu day#japanese internment#japanese american#wwii#ww2#world war ii#american history#us history
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Holidays 1.30
Holidays
Bloody Sunday (a.k.a. Bogside Massacre Anniversary Day; Northern Ireland)
Cash Register Day
Change Your Voicemail Greeting Day
Congressional Brawl Day
CTE Awareness Day
Day of Azerbaijani Customs (Azerbaijan)
Day of Saudade (Brazil)
Denise D’Ascenzo Day (Connecticut)
Draw A Dinosaur Day [ website ]
Escape Day
Festival of Peace
Fred Korematsu Day (California, Florida, Hawaii, Virginia)
Hi-Yo, Silver Day
Inane Answering Message Day
International Day of Electronic Technicians
Ka Moloka’i Makahiki (Hawaii)
Martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi
Martyrs' Day (India)
National Escape Day
National Flirt A Little Bit Day
National Maxwell Day
National Write to Congress Day
Primate Day (Indonesia)
School Day of Non-Violence and Peace (Spain)
Season for Nonviolence begins [thru 4.4]
Social Media Day (UN)
Teacher’s Day (Spain)
Women Peerage Day (UK)
World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day
Yodel For Your Neighbors Day
Food & Drink Celebrations
National Croissant Day
5th & Last Monday in January
Aukland Day (New Zealand) [Monday closest to 29th]
Bubble Wrap Appreciation Day [Last Monday]
Independence Days
Republic of Westland (Declared; 2010) [unrecognized]
Feast Days
Adelelmus of Burgos (Christian; Saint)
Aldegondes (Christian; Saint)
Anthony the Great (Coptic Church)
Armentarius of Pavia (Christian; Saint)
Barsimaeus (Christian; Saint)
Balthildes (Christian; Saint)
Charles, King (Various Provinces of the Anglican Communion; Martyr)
Exercise Your Brain Day (Pastafarian)
Februalia begins (Purification Festival; Ancient Rome) [through 2.2]
Fox, Chicken & Bear (Muppetism)
Hippolytus of Rome (Christian; Saint)
Hyacintha Mariscotti (Christian; Saint)
Ice T Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)
Martina (Christian; Saint)
Matthias of Jerusalem (Christian; Saint)
Mutien-Marie Wiaux (Christian; Saint)
Pax (Ancient Roman Festival of Peace)
Saraswati Day (Goddess of Knowledge; Bali)
Savina (Christian; Saint)
Three Holy Hierarchs (Eastern Orthodox)
Tyrtæus (Positivist; Saint)
Lucky & Unlucky Days
Sakimake (先負 Japan) [Bad luck in the morning, good luck in the afternoon.]
Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because Hitler was elected.)
Premieres
The Americans (TV Series; 2013)
Around the World in 80 Days (Novel; 1873)
Blue Suede Shoes, recorded by Elvis Presley (Song; 1956)
City Lights (Film; 1931)
The Darktown Strutters’ Ball, recorded by The Original Dixieland Jazz Band (Song; 1917)
The Double: A Petersburg Poem, by Fyodor Dostoevsky (Novel; 1846)
Great Expectations (Film; 1998)
Honey, recorded by Bobby Goldsboro (Song; 1968)
I Fall to Pieces, by Patsy Cline (Song; 1961)
The Lone Ranger (Radio Show; 1933)
Outrageous Fortune (Film; 1987)
Red Hot, recorded by Billy Lee Riley (Song; 1956)
Rooftop Concert, by The Beatles (Live Concert; 1969)
Taken (Film; 2009)
Today’s Name Days
Gerd, Gerhard, Josef, Valerius (Austria)
Tvrtko, Valerije, Zdeslav, Zdravko (Croatia)
Zdislava (Czech Republic)
Valerius (Denmark)
Valmo, Valter (Estonia)
Valtteri (Finland)
Gildas (France)
Gerd, Gerhard, Josef (Germany)
Varsamia (Greece)
Adél (Hungary)
Aquilino, Costanzo, Valerio, Vitale (Italy)
Aivars, Valērijs (Latvia)
Aivaras, Girkantas, Valerijus, Žibutė (Lithuania)
Herdis, Hermann, Hermod (Norway)
Franciszek Salezy, Gilda, Hanna, Walerian, Waleriana, Waleriusz, Zdzisław (Poland)
Ignatie (Romania)
Gašpar (Slovakia)
Valerio, Valero (Spain)
Diana (Sweden)
Gilda, Goldie, Sheldon, Shelley, Shelly, Shelton, Ophrah, Oprah (USA)
Today is Also…
Day of Year: Day 30 of 2023; 335 days remaining in the year
ISO: Day 1 of week 5 of 2023
Celtic Tree Calendar: Luis (Rowan) [Day 9 of 28]
Chinese: Month 1 (Jia-Yin), Day 9 (Wu-Zi)
Chinese Year of the: Rabbit (until February 10, 2024)
Hebrew: 8 Shevat 5783
Islamic: 8 Rajab II 1444
J Cal: 30 Aer; Lastday [30 of 30]
Julian: 16 January 2023
Moon: 71%: Waxing Gibbous
Positivist: 2 Homer (2nd Month) [Tyrtæus)
Runic Half Month: Elhaz (Elk) [Day 5 of 15]
Season: Winter (Day 40 of 90)
Zodiac: Aquarius (Day 9 of 30)
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Birthdays 1.30
Beer Birthdays
Martin Stelzer (1815)
Christian Hess (1848)
Sean Turner
Five Favorite Birthdays
Lloyd Alexander; writer (1924)
Phil Collins; rock drummer, singer (1951)
Roy Eldridge; jazz trumpeter (1911)
Gene Hackman; actor (1930)
Franklin D. Roosevelt; 32nd U.S. President (1882)
Famous Birthdays
Peter Agre; physician and biologist (1949)
Michael Anderson; English film director (1920)
Christian Bale; British actor (1974)
Marty Balin; rock musician (1942)
Les Barker; English poet and author (1947)
Luc-Marie Bayle; French painter (1914)
Francis Bradley; English philosopher (1846)
Richard Brautigan; writer (1935)
Ruth Brown; singer (1928)
Kylie Bunbury; Canadian-American actress (1989)
Gelett Burgess; author, poet, and critic (1866)
Brett Butler; comedian (1958)
Dick Cheney; war criminal, war profiteer (1941)
Shirley Chisholm; politician (1924)
Olivia Colman; English actress (1974)
Michael Dorris; writer (1945)
Ann Dowd; actress (1956)
Charles Dutton; actor (1951)
Doulas Englebart; inventor of computer mouse (1925)
Richard Greene; actor (1918)
Tammy Grimes; actress and singer (1934)
Tubby Hayes; English saxophonist and composer (1935)
Shirley Hazzard; Australian-American writer (1931)
Fred Hembeck; author and illustrator (1953)
Patrick Heron; British painter (1920)
John Ireland; actor (1914)
Horst Jankowski; German pianist and composer (1936)
Dave Johnson; Baltimore Orioles 2B (1943)
Mike Johnson; politician (1972)
Josh Kelley; singer-songwriter (1980)
Fred Korematsu; activist (1919)
Walter Savage Landor; English poet and author (1775)
Bernie Leighton; jazz pianist (1921)
Charles Martin Loeffler; German-American violinist & composer (1861)
Delbert Mann; film director (1920)
Steve Marriott; English singer-songwriter (1947)
Dick Martin; comedian (1928)
Jaishankar Prasad; Indian poet and playwright (1889)
Harold Prince; film director (1928)
Johann Joachim Quantz; German flute player & composer (1697)
Vanessa Redgrave; actor (1937)
Amrita Sher-Gil; Hungarian-Indian painter (1913)
Snagglepuss; cartoon character (1959)
Boris Spassky; Russian chess player (1937)
Payne Stewart; golfer (1957)
A. H. Tammsaare; Estonian author (1878)
Jake Thomas; actor (1990)
Barbara Tuchman; writer, historian (1912)
Wilmer Valderrama; actor (1980)
Jody Watley; singer (1959)
David Wayne; actor (1914)
Maiko Yuki; Japanese model, actor (1977)
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