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dailytudors · 10 months
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Tudor Week 2023
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To celebrate our belated three-year anniversary we are hosting Tudor Week 2023. This is going to be hosted from Monday the 31st of July to Sunday the 6th of August.
The week will go as follows:
Day 1 - Monday, 31st of July : Favourite Tudor Rivalry Day 2 - Tuesday, 1st of August : Favourite Female Tudor Family Member Day 3 - Wednesday, 2nd of August : Best Tudor Myth Day 4 - Thursday, 3rd of August : Favourite Male Tudor Family Member Day 5 - Friday, 4th of August : Most Used Tudor Related Resource Day 6 - Saturday, 5th of August : Favourite portrayal of a Tudor Family Member Day 7 - Sunday, 6th of August : Favourite Tudor Mentor and Mentee relationship (can be a Tudor familial relationship, or a Tudor and a courtier relationship)
This can cover all events and media that a Tudor family member is present, so from Owen Tudor to Elizabeth Tudor, and may include spouses and acknowledged children of direct members of the Tudor family (if unsure who we cover please check our Family page). We have attempted to make it as broad as possible and no pressure if you are late with some of the days, we will still reblog.
Previous Years: 2021, 2022
Be sure to tag your posts TudorWeek2023 and DailyTudors, looking forward to seeing your posts!
- The Team at DailyTudors
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earlymodernbarbie · 2 years
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Mary Queen of Scots (1888) by Sir James Dromgole Linton
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historicconfessions · 2 years
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roehenstart · 2 years
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King James IV of Scotland.
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These are clearly James VI/I 😁 (NOT IV) but hilarious anyway!
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Here's THE masterpost of free and full adaptations, by which I mean that it's a post made by the master.
Anthony and Cleopatra: here's the BBC version, here's a 2017 version.
As you like it: you'll find here an outdoor stage adaptation and here the BBC version. Here's Kenneth Brannagh's 2006 one.
Coriolanus: Here's a college play, here's the 1984 telefilm, here's the 2014 one with tom hiddleston. Here's the Ralph Fiennes 2011 one.
Cymbelline: Here's the 2014 one.
Hamlet: the 1948 Laurence Olivier one is here. The 1964 russian version is here and the 1964 american version is here. The 1964 Broadway production is here, the 1969 Williamson-Parfitt-Hopkins one is there, and the 1980 version is here. Here are part 1 and 2 of the 1990 BBC adaptation, the Kenneth Branagh 1996 Hamlet is here, the 2000 Ethan Hawke one is here. 2009 Tennant's here. And have the 2018 Almeida version here. On a sidenote, here's A Midwinter's Tale, about a man trying to make Hamlet. Andrew Scott's Hamlet is here.
Henry IV: part 1 and part 2 of the BBC 1989 version. And here's part 1 of a corwall school version.
Henry V: Laurence Olivier (who would have guessed) 1944 version. The 1989 Branagh version here. The BBC version is here.
Julius Caesar: here's the 1979 BBC adaptation, here the 1970 John Gielgud one. A theater Live from the late 2010's here.
King Lear: Laurence Olivier once again plays in here. And Gregory Kozintsev, who was I think in charge of the russian hamlet, has a king lear here. The 1975 BBC version is here. The Royal Shakespeare Compagny's 2008 version is here. The 1974 version with James Earl Jones is here. The 1953 Orson Wells one is here.
Macbeth: Here's the 1948 one, there the 1955 Joe McBeth. Here's the 1961 one with Sean Connery, and the 1966 BBC version is here. The 1969 radio one with Ian McKellen and Judi Dench is here, here's the 1971 by Roman Polanski, with spanish subtitles. The 1988 BBC one with portugese subtitles, and here the 2001 one). Here's Scotland, PA, the 2001 modern retelling. Rave Macbeth for anyone interested is here. And 2017 brings you this.
Measure for Measure: BBC version here. Hugo Weaving here.
The Merchant of Venice: here's a stage version, here's the 1980 movie, here the 1973 Lawrence Olivier movie, here's the 2004 movie with Al Pacino. The 2001 movie is here.
The Merry Wives of Windsor: the Royal Shakespeare Compagny gives you this movie.
A Midsummer Night's Dream: have this sponsored by the City of Columbia, and here the BBC version. Have the 1986 Duncan-Jennings version here. 2019 Live Theater version? Have it here!
Much Ado About Nothing: Here is the kenneth branagh version and here the Tennant and Tate 2011 version. Here's the 1984 version.
Othello: A Massachussets Performance here, the 2001 movie her is the Orson Wells movie with portuguese subtitles theree, and a fifteen minutes long lego adaptation here. THen if you want more good ole reliable you've got the BBC version here and there.
Richard II: here is the BBC version. If you want a more meta approach, here's the commentary for the Tennant version. 1997 one here.
Richard III: here's the 1955 one with Laurence Olivier. The 1995 one with Ian McKellen is no longer available at the previous link but I found it HERE.
Romeo and Juliet: here's the 1988 BBC version. Here's a stage production. 1954 brings you this. The french musical with english subtitles is here!
The Taming of the Shrew: the 1980 BBC version here and the 1988 one is here, sorry for the prior confusion. The 1929 version here, some Ontario stuff here, and here is the 1967 one with Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor. This one is the Shakespeare Retold modern retelling.
The Tempest: the 1979 one is here, the 2010 is here. Here is the 1988 one. Theater Live did a show of it in the late 2010's too.
Timon of Athens: here is the 1981 movie with Jonathan Pryce,
Troilus and Cressida can be found here
Titus Andronicus: the 1999 movie with Anthony Hopkins here
Twelfth night: here for the BBC, here for the 1970 version with Alec Guinness, Joan Plowright and Ralph Richardson.
Two Gentlemen of Verona: have the 2018 one here. The BBC version is here.
The Winter's Tale: the BBC version is here
Please do contribute if you find more. This is far from exhaustive.
(also look up the original post from time to time for more plays)
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no-shirts-in-scotland · 5 months
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Christmas in the Scot's Arms
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If the action doesn't take place in a slightly misspelt Ivanhoe theme pub called The Scot's Arms I'm going to not be surprised but also a little sad all the same.
I like that he's in an indecipherable tartan, or else entirely in black, because it gets around my tartan pedantry. Also, the room looks really warm, so being shirtless isn't the threat it could be. Whilst it looks like the Highlanders have finally discovered the virtues of remaining inside whilst shirtless, which is good, it also provides the marvellous mental image of him insisting on being shirtless as long as there's a roof overhead. Bath Assembly Rooms? Shirtless. Hanging out at your mate's house? Shirtless. Audience with the Prince Regent? Shirtless, but possibly with a waistcoat on with the last button undone. Because fashion.
London, 1815
Laird Liam MacLeod is not lacking for lasses that wish to marry him. As chief of one of the few remaining stable and wealthy clans in the Highlands, the scheming misses are more than plentiful—too plentiful, in fact, for a man who desires to marry for love. Given the opportunity to escape to London for the holidays, Liam takes it with a half-hearted expectation that perhaps English ladies will be different. But the calculating debutantes of the ton and their marriage-minded mamas leave him with little hope, until a chance encounter brings him face-to-face with a beautiful, witty lady who knows nothing about him.
Miss Cecelia Cartwright has an unfairly tattered reputation and the distasteful yet pressing need for a marriage of convenience. She’d frankly rather eat dirt, but when one’s family is on the verge of poverty, pride must fall by the wayside. But the day a handsome, honorable Scot comes to her aid, he awakens longings in Cecelia that she knows she cannot pursue.
Torn between her heart and her duty, Cecelia finds herself dancing at the very edge of impropriety that once before destroyed her good name. When her old suitor returns to Town, she must choose between the laird she loves and the duke who could save her family. Just when she thinks she knows what she ought to do, Liam reveals a secret that may well prove charming Scots are the most dangerous rogues of them all.
It might just be because I'm in a good mood and listening to Kate Rusby singing Christmas songs, but even though Liam MacLeod is naïve enough to hope that English mamas don't want to marry their daughters off to wealthy clan chieftains, it's not so unlikely that it makes me exasperated - it really wasn't until Queen Victoria started to like Scotland that the whole Jacobite rebellion and the more-or-less illegal to be a Highlander thing went away, so it might very well not be unreasonable to assume that no one with ambition would want to get him hitched up to a relative. I have the image of Mrs Bennett going "It's a pity he's a Scotsman, but it can't be helped. Lizzie, go and tell him that you're single!"
The whole thing is made super by the line "she must choose between the laird she loves and the duke who could save her family".
I hope the secret is that he's descended from the Auld Pretender and thus the rightful king of Great Britain. Not only because it would be unexpected, but also because it would mean a Scottish king who wasn't Robert.
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isabelleneville · 1 month
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KINGS & QUEENS REGNANT OF ENGLAND ACCORDING TO STARZ
Henry VI (1 September 1422 - 4 March 1461, 3 October 1470 - 11 April 1471 second reign) as portrayed by David Shelley in The White Queen Edward IV (4 March 1461 - 3 October 1470, 11 April 1471 - 9 April 1483 second reign) as portrayed by Max Irons in The White Queen Edward V (9 April 1483 - 25 June 1483) as portrayed by Sonny Ashbourne Serkis in The White Queen Richard III (26 June 1483 - 22 August 1485) as portrayed by Aneurin Barnard in The White Queen Henry VII ( 22 August 1485 - 21 April 1509) as portrayed by Jacob Collins-Levy in The White Princess Henry VIII (22 April 1509 - 28 January 1547) as portrayed by Ruairi O'Connor in The Spanish Princess Edward VI (28 January 1547 - 6 July 1553) as portrayed by Oliver Zetterstrom in Becoming Elizabeth Jane Grey (10 July 1553 - 19 July 1553) as portrayed by Bella Ramsey in Becoming Elizabeth Mary I (19 July 1553 - 17 November 1558) as portrayed by Romola Garai in Becoming Elizabeth Elizabeth I (17 November 1558 - 24 March 1603) as portrayed by Alicia Von Rittberg in Becoming Elizabeth James I and VI of Scotland (24 March 1603 - 27 March 1625) as portrayed by Tony Curran in Mary & George Charles I (27 March 1625 - 30 January 1649) as portrayed by Samuel Blenkin in Mary & George
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edmundtudor · 9 months
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Below the cut I have made a list of each English and British monarch, the age of their mothers at their births, and which number pregnancy they were the result of. Particularly before the early modern era, the perception of Queens and childbearing is quite skewed, which prompted me to make this list. I started with William I as the Anglo-Saxon kings didn’t have enough information for this list.
House of Normandy
William I (b. c.1028)
Son of Herleva (b. c.1003)
First pregnancy.
Approx age 25 at birth.
William II (b. c.1057/60)
Son of Matilda of Flanders (b. c.1031)
Third pregnancy at minimum, although exact birth order is unclear.
Approx age 26/29 at birth.
Henry I (b. c.1068)
Son of Matilda of Flanders (b. c.1031)
Fourth pregnancy at minimum, more likely eighth or ninth, although exact birth order is unclear.
Approx age 37 at birth.
Matilda (b. 7 Feb 1102)
Daughter of Matilda of Scotland (b. c.1080)
First pregnancy, possibly second.
Approx age 22 at birth.
Stephen (b. c.1092/6)
Son of Adela of Normandy (b. c.1067)
Fifth pregnancy, although exact birth order is uncertain.
Approx age 25/29 at birth.
Henry II (b. 5 Mar 1133)
Son of Empress Matilda (b. 7 Feb 1102)
First pregnancy.
Age 31 at birth.
Richard I (b. 8 Sep 1157)
Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (b. c.1122)
Sixth pregnancy.
Approx age 35 at birth.
John (b. 24 Dec 1166)
Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (b. c.1122)
Tenth pregnancy.
Approx age 44 at birth.
House of Plantagenet
Henry III (b. 1 Oct 1207)
Son of Isabella of Angoulême (b. c.1186/88)
First pregnancy.
Approx age 19/21 at birth.
Edward I (b. 17 Jun 1239)
Son of Eleanor of Provence (b. c.1223)
First pregnancy.
Age approx 16 at birth.
Edward II (b. 25 Apr 1284)
Son of Eleanor of Castile (b. c.1241)
Sixteenth pregnancy.
Approx age 43 at birth.
Edward III (b. 13 Nov 1312)
Son of Isabella of France (b. c.1295)
First pregnancy.
Approx age 17 at birth.
Richard II (b. 6 Jan 1367)
Son of Joan of Kent (b. 29 Sep 1326/7)
Seventh pregnancy.
Approx age 39/40 at birth.
House of Lancaster
Henry IV (b. c.Apr 1367)
Son of Blanche of Lancaster (b. 25 Mar 1342)
Sixth pregnancy.
Approx age 25 at birth.
Henry V (b. 16 Sep 1386)
Son of Mary de Bohun (b. c.1369/70)
First pregnancy.
Approx age 16/17 at birth.
Henry VI (b. 6 Dec 1421)
Son of Catherine of Valois (b. 27 Oct 1401)
First pregnancy.
Age 20 at birth.
House of York
Edward IV (b. 28 Apr 1442)
Son of Cecily Neville (b. 3 May 1415)
Third pregnancy.
Age 26 at birth.
Edward V (b. 2 Nov 1470)
Son of Elizabeth Woodville (b. c.1437)
Sixth pregnancy.
Approx age 33 at birth.
Richard III (b. 2 Oct 1452)
Son of Cecily Neville (b. 3 May 1415)
Eleventh pregnancy.
Age 37 at birth.
House of Tudor
Henry VII (b. 28 Jan 1457)
Son of Margaret Beaufort (b. 31 May 1443)
First pregnancy.
Age 13 at birth.
Henry VIII (b. 28 Jun 1491)
Son of Elizabeth of York (b. 11 Feb 1466)
Third pregnancy.
Age 25 at birth.
Edward VI (b. 12 Oct 1537)
Son of Jane Seymour (b. c.1509)
First pregnancy.
Approx age 28 at birth.
Jane (b. c.1537)
Daughter of Frances Brandon (b. 16 Jul 1517)
Third pregnancy.
Approx age 20 at birth.
Mary I (b. 18 Feb 1516)
Daughter of Catherine of Aragon (b. 16 Dec 1485)
Fifth pregnancy.
Age 30 at birth.
Elizabeth I (b. 7 Sep 1533)
Daughter of Anne Boleyn (b. c.1501/7)
First pregnancy.
Approx age 26/32 at birth.
House of Stuart
James I (b. 19 Jun 1566)
Son of Mary I of Scotland (b. 8 Dec 1542)
First pregnancy.
Age 23 at birth.
Charles I (b. 19 Nov 1600)
Son of Anne of Denmark (b. 12 Dec 1574)
Fifth pregnancy.
Age 25 at birth.
Charles II (b. 29 May 1630)
Son of Henrietta Maria of France (b. 25 Nov 1609)
Second pregnancy.
Age 20 at birth.
James II (14 Oct 1633)
Son of Henrietta Maria of France (b. 25 Nov 1609)
Fourth pregnancy.
Age 23 at birth.
William III (b. 4 Nov 1650)
Son of Mary, Princess Royal (b. 4 Nov 1631)
Second pregnancy.
Age 19 at birth.
Mary II (b. 30 Apr 1662)
Daughter of Anne Hyde (b. 12 Mar 1637)
Second pregnancy.
Age 25 at birth.
Anne (b. 6 Feb 1665)
Daughter of Anne Hyde (b. 12 Mar 1637)
Fourth pregnancy.
Age 27 at birth.
House of Hanover
George I (b. 28 May 1660)
Son of Sophia of the Palatinate (b. 14 Oct 1630)
First pregnancy.
Age 30 at birth.
George II (b. 9 Nov 1683)
Son of Sophia Dorothea of Celle (b. 15 Sep 1666)
First pregnancy.
Age 17 at birth.
George III (b. 4 Jun 1738)
Son of Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (b. 30 Nov 1719)
Second pregnancy.
Age 18 at birth.
George IV (b. 12 Aug 1762)
Son of Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 19 May 1744)
First pregnancy.
Age 18 at birth.
William IV (b. 21 Aug 1765)
Son of Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 19 May 1744)
Third pregnancy.
Age 21 at birth.
Victoria (b. 24 May 1819)
Daughter of Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saafield (b. 17 Aug 1786)
Third pregnancy.
Age 32 at birth.
Edward VII (b. 9 Nov 1841)
Daughter of Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. 24 May 1819)
Second pregnancy.
Age 22 at birth.
House of Windsor
George V (b. 3 Jun 1865)
Son of Alexandra of Denmark (b. 1 Dec 1844)
Second pregnancy.
Age 20 at birth.
Edward VIII (b. 23 Jun 1894)
Son of Mary of Teck (b. 26 May 1867)
First pregnancy.
Age 27 at birth.
George VI (b. 14 Dec 1895)
Son of Mary of Teck (b. 26 May 1867)
Second pregnancy.
Age 28 at birth.
Elizabeth II (b. 21 Apr 1926)
Daughter of Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (b. 4 Aug 1900)
First pregnancy.
Age 25 at birth.
Charles III (b. 14 Nov 1948)
Son of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (b. 21 Apr 1926)
First pregnancy.
Age 22 at birth.
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palecleverdoll · 8 months
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Ages of English Queens at First Marriage
I have only included women whose birth dates and dates of marriage are known within at least 1-2 years, therefore, this is not a comprehensive list. For this reason, women such as Philippa of Hainault and Anne Boleyn have been omitted.
This list is composed of Queens of England when it was a sovereign state, prior to the Acts of Union in 1707. Using the youngest possible age for each woman, the average age at first marriage was 17.
Eadgifu (Edgiva/Ediva) of Kent, third and final wife of Edward the Elder: age 17 when she married in 919 CE
Ælfthryth (Alfrida/Elfrida), second wife of Edgar the Peaceful: age 19/20 when she married in 964/965 CE
Emma of Normandy, second wife of Æthelred the Unready: age 18 when she married in 1002 CE
Ælfgifu of Northampton, first wife of Cnut the Great: age 23/24 when she married in 1013/1014 CE
Edith of Wessex, wife of Edward the Confessor: age 20 when she married in 1045 CE
Matilda of Flanders, wife of William the Conqueror: age 20/21 when she married in 1031/1032 CE
Matilda of Scotland, first wife of Henry I: age 20 when she married in 1100 CE
Adeliza of Louvain, second wife of Henry I: age 18 when she married in 1121 CE
Matilda of Boulogne, wife of Stephen: age 20 when she married in 1125 CE
Empress Matilda, wife of Henry V, HRE, and later Geoffrey V of Anjou: age 12 when she married Henry in 1114 CE
Eleanor of Aquitaine, first wife of Louis VII of France and later Henry II of England: age 15 when she married Louis in 1137 CE
Isabella of Gloucester, first wife of John Lackland: age 15/16 when she married John in 1189 CE
Isabella of Angoulême, second wife of John Lackland: between the ages of 12-14 when she married John in 1200 CE
Eleanor of Provence, wife of Henry III: age 13 when she married Henry in 1236 CE
Eleanor of Castile, first wife of Edward I: age 13 when she married Edward in 1254 CE
Margaret of France, second wife of Edward I: age 20 when she married Edward in 1299 CE
Isabella of France, wife of Edward II: age 13 when she married Edward in 1308 CE
Anne of Bohemia, first wife of Richard II: age 16 when she married Richard in 1382 CE
Isabella of Valois, second wife of Richard II: age 6 when she married Richard in 1396 CE
Joanna of Navarre, wife of John IV of Brittany, second wife of Henry IV: age 18 when she married John in 1386 CE
Catherine of Valois, wife of Henry V: age 19 when she married Henry in 1420 CE
Margaret of Anjou, wife of Henry VI: age 15 when she married Henry in 1445 CE
Elizabeth Woodville, wife of Sir John Grey and later Edward IV: age 15 when she married John in 1452 CE
Anne Neville, wife of Edward of Lancaster and later Richard III: age 14 when she married Edward in 1470 CE
Elizabeth of York, wife of Henry VII: age 20 when she married Henry in 1486 CE
Catherine of Aragon, wife of Arthur Tudor and later Henry VIII: age 15 when she married Arthur in 1501 CE
Jane Seymour, third wife of Henry VIII: age 24 when she married Henry in 1536 CE
Anne of Cleves, fourth wife of Henry VIII: age 25 when she married Henry in 1540 CE
Catherine Howard, fifth wife of Henry VIII: age 17 when she married Henry in 1540 CE
Jane Grey, wife of Guildford Dudley: age 16/17 when she married Guildford in 1553 CE
Mary I, wife of Philip II of Spain: age 38 when she married Philip in 1554 CE
Anne of Denmark, wife of James VI & I: age 15 when she married James in 1589 CE
Henrietta Maria of France, wife of Charles I: age 16 when she married Charles in 1625 CE
Catherine of Braganza, wife of Charles II: age 24 when she married Charles in 1662 CE
Anne Hyde, first wife of James II & VII: age 23 when she married James in 1660 CE
Mary of Modena, second wife of James II & VII: age 15 when she married James in 1673 CE
Mary II of England, wife of William III: age 15 when she married William in 1677 CE
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dailytudors · 11 months
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Who is interested in a Tudor Week 2023?
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world-of-wales · 1 year
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⋆ William, The Conqueror to William, The Prince of Wales ⋆
⤜ The Prince of Wales is William I's 24th Great-Grandson via his paternal grandmother's line.
William I of England
Henry I of England
Empress Matilda
Henry II of England
John of England
Henry III of England
Edward I of England
Edward II of England
Edward III of England
Lionel of Antwerp, Ist Duke of Clarence
Philippa Plantagenet, Vth Countess of Ulster
Roger Mortimer, IVth Earl of March
Anne Mortimer
Richard Plantagenet, IIIrd Duke of York
Edward IV of England
Elizabeth of York
Margaret Tudor
James V of Scotland
Mary Stewart, Queen of Scotland
James I of England
Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia
Sophia, Electress of Hanover
George I of Great Britain
George II of Great Britain
Frederick, Prince of Wales
George III of the United Kingdom
Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn
Victoria of the United Kingdom
Edward VII of the United Kingdom
George V of the United Kingdom
George VI of the United Kingdom
Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
Charles III of the United Kingdom
William, The Prince of Wales
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historicconfessions · 2 years
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scotianostra · 3 months
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February 13th 1462 saw the Treaty of Westminster-Ardtornish between the Lord of the Isles and Edward IV, the King of England.
To say this was an ambitious Treaty is an understatement, I don’t believe Edward ever thought that John of Islay, also known as The Earl of Ross, had any real chance of taking Scotland, it was mischief making at it’s best. So what was this little known treaty?
John agreed to pay homage to Edward in return for his help in obtaining all of Scotland north of the Forth! His kinsman Donald Balloch of Dunnyvaig and the Glens and the forfeited Earl of Douglas were to get the rest of the country between them. The articles were finalised and sealed at Westminster Palace on 13 February 1462 and signed by Edward IV on 17 March 1462. John, Earl of Ross, Donald Balagh, and his son and heir John, with all the people of Ross and the Isles would become subjects of Edward IV on Whitsunday. Their greed seems to have only been exceeded by their naivety and stupidity!
The background behind it was a war in England between Henry VI and Edward IV the War of the Roses, the Scots supported Henry and had given him refuge, Edward was trying to garner Scottish support, our King at the time, James III was too young to rule and as usual a succession of regents jostled for control.
The treaty is quite a vague document considering the risks John was prepared to take, saying nothing about the nature, scale and timing of English support. For King Edward however, it was a brilliant diplomatic coup. He achieved maximum results at minimum expense, laying out only as much bait as necessary to create a political disturbance in Scotland.
When it suited them, the treaty was revealed to the Scottish government by the English themselves, with the immediate result that John of Islay lost the Earldom of Ross, and the eventual result that in 1493, the Lordship of the Isles was forfeited as well.
Pics are the ruins of Ardtornish Castle, Morvern on the west coast that I took last June.
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english-history-trip · 8 months
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Drawing of Henry VI of England by Jörg von Ehingen.
From 1457-1459, Swabian knight Jörg von Ehingen traveled Europe participating in various campaigns; throughout, he kept a journal and sketchbook of his impressions of the many royal courts he passed through. His compilation includes portraits, in the order of his visits, of Duke Ladislaus V of Austria, Charles VII of France, Henry IV of Castile, Henry VI of England, Alfonso V of Portugal, Janus III of Cyprus, Duke René of Anjou, John II of Aragon, and James II of Scotland.
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inky-duchess · 3 months
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can a royal be excommunicated from the church but still remain in power? or did the church have too much influence? ty!!
Yes, rulers that were excommunicated could still rule and often did. Napoleon, Henry VIII, James IV of Scotland, Robert the Bruce, Henri IV of France, Elizabeth I, Lorenzo de Medici and many more.
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