#Miles Greb

[albertonykus]

New episode of Through Time and Clades! We talked with science communicators and advocates Miles Greb and Trey the Explainer about science outreach on YouTube, optimism in science fiction, Trey's creationist past, cryptozoology, and more.

#Miles Greb #Trey the Explainer #Podcast #Interview #Bioblr #Anthropology #Cryptozoology #Through Time and Clades

[wonderlesch]

Amazing Adventures - Portland Experience.

Amazing Adventures - Portland Experience shares Rose City Comic Con, Portland Food and Drinks and Portland Nightlife. Let's explore and discover Portland, Oregon!

Hello and welcome to Amazing Adventures – Portland Experience. Let’s explore and discover amazing comic book creators, amazing Cosplayers, amazing Portland food and amazing Portland nightlife. Let’s experience Portland, Oregon! Comic Book Creator Miles Greb – Rose City Comic Con Portland After the Gold Rush is an amazing science comic with words and story created by Miles Greb. Miles not only…

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#A Few of my Favorite Things #After the Gold Rush #Amazing Travel #Amazing Travel Adventures #Boston Metaphysical Society #Caleb Palmquist #Coffin Club PDX #Cosplayers #Devils Point #Hungry Tiger PDX #Late Night at the Little Drop Bar #Lucky Devil Lounge #Madeleine Holly Rosing #Michael Tanner #Miles Greb #New Blog Post #Oregon #Portland #Pub Crawl Anthology #Rose City Comic Con #Travel Adventures #Travel Destination Guide #Unicorn Vampire Hunter #Wyrd Leather and Meadery

[deathstardroid]

More rejected designs.

#character design #drawing #miles greb #fantasy

[zakhartong-root]

DUNE To Train the Faithful

In honor of Frank Herbert, here is the cover for Miles Greb and mine DUNE fan comic which is debuting at ECCC!

#Dune #frank herbert #comics #make comics #comic art #indie comics #fan comic #fan art #sci fi #scifi #science fiction #arrakis #Zak Hartong #miles greb #Fremen #stilgar #paul atreides #atreides

[conceptualheist]

The Conceptual Heist Kickstarter was named one of BareBones Ent Top 10 Comics on Kickstarter. We’d like to thank them for their support and confidence in what we’re doing.

We have hit 50% of the Kickstarter goal! And we announced that all of our backers will be receiving a bonus in their packages consisting of the Conceptual Heist postcard prints. The image is the pretty much our icon on a postcard, every backer getting a physical copy of the book will receive one of our postcards. Digital supporters don’t worry, we may have an announcement for you guys at the 75% level. So get people to #jointheheist.

I have done several Live streams this week, Tuesday I spoke with Shawn Baichoo, Wednesday we saw the first prototype Conceptual Transmission with Davila LeBlanc, where we spoke a bit about his Publishizer Campaign. However tonight we have our first DOUBLE FEATURE! First from 7-8:30/9/ When he’s done I will be on facebook live with Matt. Then as of 9:30 I will be getting online with Miles Greb, writer of the very cool Kickstarter funded series After The Gold Rush.

There are more livestreams in the works but lets keep it to that for now. Come out and #jointheheist

Follow us on Facebook for extra behind the scenes action, we’ll also be reposting many of these live streams over on our facebook page soon.  If you want to know more about us check out @umbrellafrog and @jaydici for our tumblr blogs. Matt’s Instagram has the occasional new drawing, and he’ll maybe tweet at you if he gets away from the work table long enough. Jay Instagrams much more often, quite often involving lego. He’ll Tweet as well.

#jointheheist #comic #comics #comix #webcomics #webcomic #wrench #assassin's creed #atgr #miles greb #web comic #webcomix #web comics #science #sci fi #sci-fi #scifi #science fiction #space station #casino #jazzpunk #cyberpunk #patreon

[ot3]

my convention purchases!!!!! top left to bottom right

yimmygee | natalie andrewson

stephanie lin | @jennypengart

miles greb | jodie missdurianne

feels so good to just be buying a ton of art again ahhhhh

[valo-the-pony-drawer]

The Dragon Ponie's Trial Deep inn the Dragon Castle kingdom there is trial being abut let oder ponies stey inn castle but there was Amelian kingdom join inn trial see going on becos they have hurd abut curse magic ponie need to know is tru. Amunet:.oooh so this is pony they talking abut he cana look cute for pony can i cuddle him letter! Dalila:.hehe will i know one pony need talk letter...hay Thomas.. Cleonetra:...Mmm..sisthers we need here this curse magic ponie and way he is here and what he need from us all.. Elder Dragon Neervia: easy say my huspend Thinox trust him but i do not efter they did too my eye's i can't not see but i stil have good hereing..but i sens his ora is light one...i ting... Elder Dragon Thinox: calm down my daer let kid talk and Queen Dragon Aurora is here them out plus our grendson Thomas is here... Elder Dragon Neervia: i know my love..plus Della is not here bust be she have do somting flying round or see oder ponies... Stella Pin dragon:....*look worry bit for her son and his friend*...i hope this take too long... Drawer Valo:..w-where is Prosicutie Thomas..i futt he be with us.. Thomas Wrighter:...i know..Valo but feel like he coming soon...i hope.. Drawer Valo:..i see..and thet is Queen Dragon Aurora..*see her she give look of discussed at Valo*... Thomas Wrighter: yes thet is her..Valo she is queen of all dragon ponies's..and she will talk too you not oder but your dashie is save...and your daughter Tria Bright save too.. Drawer Valo:.thanks Thomas.. Queen Dragon Aurora:..Drawer Lidvia Valo we are ready here you out and talk true wourd now... Drawer Valo:..*gulp bit*..here we go...*look at Queen Dragon Aurora*..your majesty Aurora lison too me i have to say..our kingdom and village have fallen from the Nordwhood Kingdom name fear too all of us his name is The Prince of Nordwhood kingdom he have hurt us worst part is he try kill me becos they old saying i only one pony can stop him... Dalila: pfff..ahahaha you the one can stop Nordwhood kingdom all by your self ahahaha...*feel down she keep laughing alot*..oh my belly hurt ahah! Elder Dragon Neervia:..really..now you one pony can stop evil...i do not know abut that...yet...is this cana joke.. Drawer Valo:.no i'm not Elder Dragon Neervia...i saying true..and more worst part is his Commeder more powerfull then you guys.. Thomas Wrighter and Stella Pin dragon::..oh hores apple..he did not say that... Cleonetra: oi..we more powerfull then oders we have face off oder evil but his commders more powerfull us yaeh right... Queen Dragon Aurora:...Valo..you daer say that to us..*slowy fly down walk too him look into his eye's*...say thet again too my face... Stella Pin dragon: wow hold on my Queen h-he did mean say thet r-right Valo.. Amunet: ooh is she going too cuddle him..so unfair... Dalila:....dummy... Drawer valo:..Commders are powerfull then you guys..*look at Queen Dragon Aurora eye's he mean it he say no faer or sacrd*... Queen Dragon Aurora:....huh.alright then....let them stey here inn our kingdom give them alot food and medison's too..Stella Pin dragon you need do now.. Stella Pin dragon: errr..y-yes my queen..*fly off too see oder ponies* Thomas Wrighter:..ooh..thanks..celestia...*smile happy*.. Drawer Valo:..thanks you Queen Dragon Aurora...*bow too her* Queen Dragon Aurora:..no i need thanks you..*put her tail round drawer valo into his aer*..you are lucky ponie who daer talk back too me..but i give you good try...for being very nice cute ponie..*she walk way let Drawer valo Speechless*..i love my job.. Drawer Valo:..*blink bit look back at Queen*...Thomas..way i always have thet..ting for mare like me alot.. Thomas Wrighter: thet is easy say..Valo you lucky stellion for all mare like you but dashie will never let hoovs on your flank.. Drawer Valo:..*blush red*...now you saying it... Miles away from the Dragon Skull Isnald at Shimano Village. Chin Lu Xi: Freya go too right! General Freya: got it Chin..*fly too right fro dagers at Glader* yah!! Glader:.humf..*us purples fire round him block again and see Chin attack him*..AH you ting thet will work..Chin..*us purples fire attack his back* Chin Lu Xi:..this will do..*smile us his wings blow his purples fire way cut his face bit* got you! Glader:.Gah..my face..my beuteful face..*look at Chin*..now you pay for that..*breathe in all purples fire into his mouth*...*look at General Freya grin*...beast fire attack...*he breathe out big purples fire attack at Freya* Chin Lu Xi: huh Freya move way..*push Freya way got hit hard fly into wall fell down hard brun sacr on right wing*...g-gah..grummm... General Freya: huh Prience Chin...*fly too Chin but got greb by purples fire rond her body*..gaaaaaaaaaah!!! Glader:.ahahahah...here futt Knight warriors was powerfull but was week by fire..ahahah..*walk slowy look down at them*...how will do this..kill you slowy or brun your one of your friends... Chin Lu Xi:.n-no you will not..*slowy stend up hold his sword up*...you do not know how stong we are...we are Shimano Village, knight warriors we do not faer or feel pine...*glare at Glader anger*...you faceing off one legend Knight warriors who have face griffen empire over ten thousands amry you can gest who have take then down... Glader:... ten thousands amry...huh..*look shock back way quick*..n-no way..y-you the one who have take down ten thousands gryphon amry...*see sacrs on him*...oh buck..oh buck me.. Chin Lu Xi:..if i was you..now..or you will cut down... Glader:.n-never..*he attack him but as he try feel quick speed fro him*..w-what..where did you..*trun see Chin was there holding General Freya next to him*..how did you..*he trun slowy feel pain*..gaaaaaaaaaaaaaah...*slowy see bleed from his left aer was gon*..w-what...m-my aer...where..*see his aer was there but trun into dust*..n-no...*look back at Chin*...how.. Chin Lu Xi:.easy..uh..uh..if you know magic can kill curse magic purple flames..is no noder..as.. Glader:.huh...draogn eye's critel!! Chin Lu Xi:..your weekness... Golader:..graaaaaaaa...*trun into purple flames fly off to sky out village wall* Chin Lu Xi:..uh..uh..never mass with..us..grumm..*slowy fell down on ground havey breathing keeping General Freya save*..uh..uh... Sweet Disaster: huh CHIN..*run too him see he bleeding out from Glader attack*...oh no..y-you bleeding..j-just hold inn there Chin..d-do not die on me..*shaking alot*..Nova come here quick we need help!!! Chin Lu Xi:..uh....uh....*slowy look at Sweet Disaster*..s-sorry..make you worry abut this old stellion..Sweeti..uh..uh.. Sweet Disaster:.don't talk..Chin w-we are best friends r-right...j-just..keep eye on me...okay..you old full...som fillys and little clots waiting for you come back too us.. Chin Lu Xi:.miss Sweeti...uh...uh..*weekly smile*...d-do not cry..i need rest...now...*slowy sleep on Sweet Disaster's hoovs*.... Sweet Disaster: huh Chin no..no..no..stey wake..please...*hold Chin into her hoovs*...please...do not go...my friend... Inn deep Nordwhood kingdom's prison cell. Matthias:..*look books and reading alot slowy here door opend it up he look bit see The Prince looking at him*...so..what..you like here from me..Prince...more pain from me or hurt me more.. The Prince: no not this time..Matthias i need you do somting good reading on wall..Guardian of Equestria and try solve the riddle you only pony know abut old ancient texts and writings..so how abut you help me with it.. Matthias:.humf..help you opend door yeah i will pass..there nuffing you can..*slowy here noder step com inn room see earth pony mare*..huh..Gila! Gila:.huh..f-father...y-your alive..how..and..huh..*see darkness claws on her neck*..f-father.. The Prince: awww look at thet..little mare found her father..i wounder what will happend if..i. Matthias:. NO..no..please..d-do not hurt her..i-i will do it..j-just do not hurt Gila..i beg you.. The Prince:..good now we talking..and do not try too attack or trik me of she will bleed out frot of you.. Matthias:i-i will not do it...promes.. The Prince:.humf..nice..now keep your promes..she be with me..talk you letter...Matthias..*walk way with Gila with his darkness claw round her shot door*.. Matthias:.d-damm..him...*being cry on book*..s-soon..very soon..your kingdom..will...fall...*take tris way go back too reading again*. Mod:.holy cow now this is good our friend Drawer Valo was lucky this time too Queen of draogns but poor Chin Lu Xi he is okay just week out from his attack and look like Matthias want pay back at The Prince. As always say give note like and reblog be nice too and please be nice on this drawing too.

#Elder Dragon Neervia #Elder Dragon Thinox #Amelian kingdom #Chin Lu Xi #General Freya #Queen Dragon Aurora #Drawer Valo #Thomas the wrighter #Glader #the prince #Matthias #draw #by #valo-the-pony-drawer

[madscientistjournal]

Awesome Finds: Comics by Miles Greb

We recently came across a few comics that might be of interest to mad scientists, by Seattle author Miles Greb.

His comic After the Gold Rush involves the last scientist, Scout, returning to Earth to study it, but finding it a wilderness rather than a place of high technology. The story also deals with the conflict between religion and science. In addition to being available as a regular comic book, After the Gold Rush also has a webcomic version, which takes place prior to the events of the regular comic book run. You can follow the webcomic here and through the author’s Patreon.

Also of interest is Clovis, a graphic novel that follows the story of a woman in North American in 12,000 BC. The artwork in the preview looks gorgeous, and from what we’ve heard of the story, it sounds fantastic!

If either of these titles sound interesting, or if you’d like to see other comics that are in the works, check out Miles Greb’s webpage here!

#gold rush #anthropology #archaelogy #science fiction #comic books

[conceptartworld]

Check out a small preview to #Dune: To Train The Faithful, a tribute comic created by Zak Hartong and Miles Greb. Available for free at #ECCC booth 1818

See more pages - https://goo.gl/DXuzHI

#dune #frank herbert #comic book #stilgar #paul atreides #Novel

[robogabo-art-blog]

2nd day at the Con, I had a lot of fun checking my friends tables and walking into people I haven't seen in a while. Buying directly from the creators is still the experience everyone should try at least once, you get to support the artists, give them encouragement and make a connection with them.

There's still one more day! & these items are still up for sale at the con!, well not the framed watercolor one, that's an original from Scott Kikuta.

Pro tip: Sunday is the best day to get deals, some folks prefer to cut prices so they don't have to pack their goods and bring them home. Here's my final batch of goodies from:

Sloane leong - http://sloaneshutup.tumblr.com Miles Greb - http://www.afterthegoldrush.space Milsae Kim - http://milsae.tumblr.com Kory Bing - http://korybing.com Scott Kikuta - http://scott-kikuta.tumblr.com Joy Arg - http://joy-ang.tumblr.com Isaac Hannaford -http://isaachannaford.tumblr.com Toril Orlesky - http://14180.work Der-Shing Helmer - http://shingworks.tumblr.com

I hope Emerald city comicon's Artist Alley grows even more for next year, if any organizers or WA state convention center people are reading this . . . .  FIX YOUR INTERNET CONNECTION!!! it's good for business.

#eccc #comicon #eccc2017 #emerald city comicon #artist alley #comics #seattle #artist

[sdfaswew]

Yeezy Boost 380 sko og markeds føringshjem

Den revolutionerende inov-8 Mudclaw Gary, gadget fyren 260, forbindes til dette Graphene Golf greb løbesko sort på inov-8. Denne Adidas Yeezy Boost 350 V2 Reflective Grå / Orange Lifestyle Sko - EG7492 introduktion om løbesko sammen denne inov-8 Terraultra Gary gadget fyr 260 sammen med inov-8 F-Lite Gary gadget fyr 290 sidste sommermåneder syntes at være tilbageholdt for at foretage yderligere opgraderinger mod opr.

I denne periode har inov-8-ambassadør udover oversøiske Det Forenede Kongerige Yeezy Boost 700 V3-sko off-road-jogger Tom Mounsey besiddelse af over 1100 mile efter mile med et par Mudclaw Gary, gadget fyren 260'erne. Han / hun hævdede: Vises forbløffet ved hjælp af de fleste af disse sko og støvler. Jeg har virkelig aldrig nogensinde købt som gavnlig gas kilometertal uden for et par jogging-sneakers. Dette golfgreb, så snart det er klart at overskride bud og Adidas Yeezy-sko til salg til farveløs overflade er bedst, som jeg virkelig har set tidligere.

Denne løbesko er normalt rettet mod mennesker, der glæder sig i at styre med bud ud over farveløs overflade med pister, fælder ud over skråninger. Det vil desuden fascinere forhindrings racere, orienterere ud over langrendsløbere. I det væsentlige, hvor som helst der er bud er som en magnet, denne Mudclaw Gary gadget fyr 260 var i det er ingrediens.

Hvad er grafen præcist?

Grafen ville være det mest effektive, der tidligere blev prøvet, og er især 250 situationer hårdere i sammenligning med aluminium. Britisk-født model inov-8 besidder indsprøjtede grafen i dine gummierede outsoles, gør dette pindebånd hårdere, langt mere variabelt ud over en vanskeligere brug.

Jordan Salgspris, inov-8 's løsning ud over at reklamere for Yeezy Boost 380 sko og markedsføringshjem, defineret: Denne gummierede stenders glimt ligner poter eller måske tænder. Som et resultat af en omfattende undersøgelse har vi nu lokaliseret den specielt for nylig gammeldags studs tillader det ideelle fod, så snart styring af eller måske forhindrer autocracing i overkant af farveløs grund ud over, ikke som autocrafts-overspændinger, ligeledes har fodfæste let med vanskeligere overflade.

[deathstardroid]

Old, rejected designs.

#miles greb #character design #drawing

[zakhartong-root]

A thing. Miles Greb and I.

#Dune #Arrakis #frank herbert #science fiction #sci fi #logo #design #comics #comic art #make comics

[floridageekscene]

Espers #1

Espers #1 Written by: Miles Greb, Art by: Chris Lewis Lee Kickstarter 2017/2020

From Nothing, Something comes. Espers is a creation mythology. Most fantasy stories begin in the waning days of magical power, at their height, or on some damn crusade to reclaim a lost era. This story isn’t that. This story is a beginning. This is a comic of Genesis. There was nothing, not even void. There was only…

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[conceptualheist]

Where did Jemma and Noble go? And we give a special Nod and thanks to Miles Greb, for letting us use his book Espers to crib dialogue for the netflix and chill.

Get early access when you #jointheheist and become a member of the crew. Behinds the scenes process work, outlines, scripts, bonus art and more.

#comic #comics #webcomics #webcomic #jointheheist #sci-fi #science fiction #cyberpunk

[maritimecyprus]

(http://www.MaritimeCyprus.com) At the time, Exxon Valdez was the worst disaster of its kind in US history. But today, the spill barely cracks the list of the 40 worst tanker oil spills around the world, according to the International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation (ITOPF).

The Gulf oil spill — sometimes called the Deepwater Horizon or BP spill — off the coast of Louisiana blew the Exxon Valdez record out of the water. That disaster poured some 200 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico over the course of 87 days between April and July 2010. An area the size of Rhode Island was closed off from fishing, and local economies tanked. And yet these two US disasters still pale in comparison to some of their international counterparts.

Here are 13 of the most devastating man-made ocean disasters in history.

When the topic of environmental disasters comes up, many people quickly think of the Exxon Valdez spill.

Crude oil from the tanker Exxon Valdez, top, swirls on the surface of Alaska’s Prince William Sound. This image was taken 16 days after the tanker ran aground, spilling millions of gallons of oil. John Gaps III/AP

The oil spill left an indelible mark on the American psyche, and the Exxon Shipping Company — which owned the tanker — paid some $900 million in settlement fees for clean-up.

March 24, 2019 marks the 30-year anniversary of the disaster. Much of the oil that spilled in 1989 still lingers in the area.

The tankers Exxon Baton Rouge, left, and Exxon Valdez, right, continue to pump oil after the Exxon Valdez ran aground in the Prince William Sound, Alaska. Rob Stapleton/AP

According to National Geographic, scientists sampled water in the Gulf of Alaska in 2014, and found that it still contains many of the same chemical compounds that the spilled oil did. This suggests the effects still linger.

The spill blackened 1,300 miles of Alaskan coastline.

The thick crude oil that washed up on the cobble-stone beach of Evans Island sticks to the boots and pants of a local fisherman in Prince William Sound, Alaska. John Gaps III/AP

According to the ITOPF, the disaster was the most expensive oil spill in history. Clean-up alone cost some $2.5 billion.

But the cause of the spill — and the extent of the destruction it wrought on local wildlife — is still unclear.

A Red Necked Greb covered in oil from the Exxon Valdez oil spill.

The night of the accident, the Exxon Valdez encountered icebergs in the shipping lane it was traversing. The captain ordered the helmsman to divert the tanker out of the shipping lane, and gave his third mate instructions to turn the tanker back into the lane at a later point. But according to the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, the third mate and helmsman failed to turn the tanker back into the shipping lanes. The reasons for this remain unclear, but the mistake led the Exxon Valdez to run aground on Bligh Reef.

The first major oil spill ever occurred two years before Exxon Valdez, off the coast of Cornwall, England in 1967.

The wrecked American-owned supertanker Torrey Canyon is shown off Land’s End, England on March 29, 1967, awaiting another attempt by British warplanes to burn off the oil slick from the vessel.

The supertanker Torrey Canyon ran aground and spilled up to 36 million gallons.

Soldiers from the UK Hampshire Regiment reportedly hosed detergent into the sea in an effort to remove the oil.

The beaches of Cornwall, England were covered in oil after the incident.

At that time, the Torrey Canyon was the largest vessel ever wrecked in the ocean.

Two decades after the Exxon Valdez disaster, the US saw another devastating oil spill.

Fire boats battle a fire at the off shore oil rig Deepwater Horizon April 21, 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Louisiana. US Coast Guard via Getty Images

The Gulf oil spill leaked 19 times more oil than the Exxon Valdez disaster.

The off-shore oil rig Deep Horizon caught fire April 10, 2010

The amount of oil that leaked into the Gulf of Mexico was equivalent to 311 Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to Popular Mechanics.

Only 25% of the leaked oil was recovered, leaving more than 154 million gallons in the ocean.

A dead Portuguese Man-O-War floats on a blob of oil in the waters of Chandeleur Sound off of Louisiana, May 4, 2010. Eric Gay/AP

The spill likely harmed or killed some 82,000 birds, 6,100 sea turtles, and 25,900 marine mammals, including bottlenose dolphins and sperm whales, according to the Center for Biological Diversity.

The pollution from the disaster caused fishing closures across 88,500 square miles.

A small, dead fish floats on a pool of oil at Bay Long off the coast of Louisiana, June 6, 2010.  Charlie Riedel/AP

The spill also harmed an unknown number of fish, including Atlantic bluefin tuna, Gulf sturgeon, smalltooth sawfish, and dwarf seahorses, the Center for Biological Diversity reported.

It wasn’t the first big oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. In 1979, Mexico experienced a “Deepwater Horizon” of its own, when the Ixtoc oil well exploded and sank.

Ixtoc burns and sinks in the Bay of Campeche, Mexico.  Wikimedia Commons

The previous year, the Amoco Cadiz tanker dumped more than 65 million gallons of oil into the English Channel off the coast of Brittany, France.

Wreckage of the 233,000 ton ‘Amoco Cadiz’, the American owned and Liberian registered supertanker, after it was run aground off Portsall, Brittany, March 1978.

In 1992, Amoco agreed to pay $200 million in damages.

The Amoco Cadiz didn’t run aground like the Rena or Exxon Valdez. Instead, the ship had put out a distress call, saying it was no longer able to maneuver. Then it broke into two pieces.

Farmers, students and other volunteers assisted in cleaning the Brittany beaches near Roscoff, France. Ditches were dug into the beach sand in an effort to contain the oil which was brought ashore with each high tide.

Two weeks after the accident, millions of dead mollusks, sea urchins and other marine species washed ashore, the ITOPF reported.

When the oil tanker Haven exploded in April 1991, the resulting fire swept through the ship, killing five crew members.

Smoke rises from the sinking Cypriot-registered oil tanker Haven after a huge explosion. Dino Nazarro/AP

Three days later it sank, carrying 41 million gallons of oil into the ocean depths west of Genoa, Italy.

Luckily, only 6 million gallons of that 41 million leaked into the ocean.

Curious tourists dip their shoes in the oil that washed ashore the beaches of Calle Ligure, 12 miles from Genoa in Italy.  Luca Bruno/AP

The tanker was also owned by Amoco, which is now a part of BP.

Oil from the Haven spill made it all the way to the French Riviera.

French soldiers clean up a beach in Eze on the French Riviera, April 26, 1991.  Gilbert Tourte/AP

For years after the disaster, fisheries along the French and Italian coast suffered severe environmental damage from pollution.

In 2000, a pipeline at a state-owned oil refinery in Brazil leaked almost 350,000 gallons of crude oil into the Guanabara Bay. Local animals paid a heavy price.

Ana Paula Boech, a volunteer, cleans a bird contaminated by oil from the spill in Guanabara Bay, January 24, 2000 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.  Renzo Gostoli/AP

The spill devastated nearby swamps, mangrove ecosystems, and important breeding grounds for fish, birds and crustaceans.

New Zealand experienced its worst-ever maritime environmental disaster in 2011, when the vessel Rena struck the Astrolabe Reef near Fiji.

Volunteers cleaning Mount Maunganui beach in New Zealand after the Rena oil spill. Steve Clancy Photography/Getty

That spill dumped 93,000 gallons of oil into the Pacific Ocean.

But an even more recent and devastating oil spill occurred last year in the East China Sea.

Flames and smoke from the Sanchi is seen in the East China Sea on January 15, 2018. 10th Regional Coast Guard Headquarters/Handout via REUTERS

The Iranian oil tanker Sanchi collided with a cargo ship and caught fire.

The Sanchi spill leaked more than 32 million gallons of ultra-light crude oil, which is extremely flammable and highly toxic if inhaled.

The Sanchi oil spill paints a light streak in the East China Sea.  Thomson Reuters

The Sierra Club called the disaster “the worst oil spill in decades.”

Oil is toxic to fish in high quantities, and can also accumulate in their body tissue and be passed up the food web.

That’s why fisheries typically close due to health concerns following a big oil spill.

Sea turtles are also particularly vulnerable to oil spills.

A boy pushes with his crutch a turtle killed by oil leaked from the stranded Greek-registered oil tanker MT Tasmin Spirit off Karachi’s coast in Pakistan, August 13, 2003. Shakil Adil/AP

When the turtles raise their heads above the water’s surface to breathe, they can inhale oil into their lungs, or gulp it down their throats. Mother turtles can even pass oil compounds on to their developing eggs.

For sea birds, oil that sticks to their feathers can lead them to lose their ability to maintain a steady body temperature, which means they could freeze to death.

A village official Rey Alonde shows a dead king fisher bird covered with oil, Friday, Aug. 18, 2006 in Guimaras island in central Philippines.  Pat Roque/AP

If the birds ingest any oil via their food or water, they could die or lose the ability to reproduce.

But tanker oil spills aren’t the only way humans have wreaked havoc on the oceans.

Iraqi military forces set fire to up to 700 oil wells in Kuwait’s Bergan oil fields in 1991 during the Gulf War.  Wikimedia Commons

During the Gulf War, Iraqi troops tried to use oil as a weapon against invading American forces.

The troops set hundreds of oil wells on fire, devastating the surrounding environment. According to Time, “the Gulf was awash in poisonous smoke, soot and ash. Black rain fell. Lakes of oil were created.”

What’s more, Iraqi forces also dumped millions of gallons of oil into the Persian Gulf to hinder US troops from landing on the beaches.

And oil isn’t the only pollutant humans have dumped into water systems, either.

Minamata Bay is where Chisso Corporation began dumping methylmercury-polluted industrial waste water.  Gregory Ferguson/Getty

For 35 years, from 1932 to 1968, a Japanese fertilizer company called the Chisso Corporation dumped industrial wastewater into Minamata Bay that was contaminated with an estimated 30 tons of poisonous methylmercury.

Dogs, cats, pigs, and humans were poisoned by the contaminated fish. The effects of the mercury lasted for years after that dumping stopped.

A woman holds a victim of “Minamata Disease”, or mercury poisoning, in Minamata, Japan, in 1973. The girl has a malformed hand, like many victims of the disease.

The toxic chemical accumulated in local fish and shellfish, which Japanese citizens consumed. This led them to suffer from a condition called Minamata disease, which wreaks havoc on the brain and nervous system and causes physical deformities.

Humans have also been putting an unprecedented amount of plastic into the ocean.

Discarded toys are seen amongst trash on a beach in Panama City, September 10, 2013. REUTERS/Carlos Jasso

The largest accumulation of ocean plastic in the world is called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch and is located between Hawaii and California.

These floating plastic garbage patches threaten marine life and humans, too.

Fishing nets make up 46% of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Fish and marine life swim into these nets and cannot extract themselves. The Ocean Cleanup

Animals sometimes confuse the plastic for food and consume it. This can lead to behavioral changes, strangulation, and death.

There’s also the issue of polluted run-off water that enters the ocean from other waterways. In the Gulf of Mexico, that run-off has created a “dead zone” for marine life.

The “Gulf Dead Zone” runs along the southeastern coast of the US. NOAA

Dead zones are areas of ocean that are hypoxic — meaning severely lacking in oxygen. It’s extremely difficult, if not impossible, for marine life to survive.

The Gulf dead zone starts at the mouth of the Mississippi River, covering up to 7,000 square miles.

Regardless of the toxic substance — whether it’s oil, chemicals, or trash — cleaning up pollution in water isn’t an easy task. These efforts can take decades and cost billions.

Typically, it takes an average of 50 years to clean up a 38,000-ton oil spill. Pornsak Na Nakorn/EyeEm/Getty

Most likely, spilled oil will never be completely be eradicated from the ocean.

Flashback in maritime history – Ocean disasters (www.MaritimeCyprus.com) At the time, Exxon Valdez was the worst disaster of its kind in US history.

#Oil spill