#biodiversity of western ghats

[billionneuronscurious]

Utricularia striatula Flowers.

#Utricularia striatula #Utricularia #flower #flowers #flora #plants #epiphytes #flowers of india #flowers of western ghats #flora of india #flora of western ghats #botany #insectivorous plants #carnivorous plants #carnivorous #insectivorous #flower photography #photography #biodiversity of western ghats #western ghats #western ghats of india #utricularia flowers

[fatehbaz]

Despite its green image, Ireland has surprisingly little forest. [...] [M]ore than 80% of the island of Ireland was [once] covered in trees. [...] [O]f that 11% of the Republic of Ireland that is [now] forested, the vast majority (9% of the country) is planted with [non-native] spruces like the Sitka spruce [in commercial plantations], a fast growing conifer originally from Alaska which can be harvested after just 15 years. Just 2% of Ireland is covered with native broadleaf trees.

Text by: Martha O’Hagan Luff. “Ireland has lost almost all of its native forests - here’s how to bring them back.” The Conversation. 24 February 2023. [Emphasis added.]

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[I]ndustrial [...] oil palm plantations [...] have proliferated in tropical regions in many parts of the world, often built at the expense of mangrove and humid forest lands, with the aim to transform them from 'worthless swamp' to agro-industrial complexes [...]. Another clear case [...] comes from the southernmost area in the Colombian Pacific [...]. Here, since the early 1980s, the forest has been destroyed and communities displaced to give way to oil palm plantations. Inexistent in the 1970s, by the mid-1990s they had expanded to over 30,000 hectares. The monotony of the plantation - row after row of palm as far as you can see, a green desert of sorts - replaced the diverse, heterogenous and entangled world of forest and communities.

Text by: Arturo Escobar. "Thinking-Feeling with the Earth: Territorial Struggles and the Ontological Dimension of the Epistemologies of the South." Revista de Antropologia Iberoamericana Volume 11 Issue 1. 2016. [Emphasis added.]

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But efforts to increase global tree cover to limit climate change have skewed towards erecting plantations of fast-growing trees [...] [because] planting trees can demonstrate results a lot quicker than natural forest restoration. [...] [But] ill-advised tree planting can unleash invasive species [...]. [In India] [t]o maximize how much timber these forests yielded, British foresters planted pines from Europe and North America in extensive plantations in the Himalayan region [...] and introduced acacia trees from Australia [...]. One of these species, wattle (Acacia mearnsii) [...] was planted in [...] the Western Ghats. This area is what scientists all a biodiversity hotspot – a globally rare ecosystem replete with species. Wattle has since become invasive and taken over much of the region’s mountainous grasslands. Similarly, pine has spread over much of the Himalayas and displaced native oak trees while teak has replaced sal, a native hardwood, in central India. Both oak and sal are valued for [...] fertiliser, medicine and oil. Their loss [...] impoverished many [local and Indigenous people]. [...]

India’s national forest policy [...] aims for trees on 33% of the country’s area. Schemes under this policy include plantations consisting of a single species such as eucalyptus or bamboo which grow fast and can increase tree cover quickly, demonstrating success according to this dubious measure. Sometimes these trees are planted in grasslands and other ecosystems where tree cover is naturally low. [...] The success of forest restoration efforts cannot be measured by tree cover alone. The Indian government’s definition of “forest” still encompasses plantations of a single tree species, orchards and even bamboo, which actually belongs to the grass family. This means that biennial forest surveys cannot quantify how much natural forest has been restored, or convey the consequences of displacing native trees with competitive plantation species or identify if these exotic trees have invaded natural grasslands which have then been falsely recorded as restored forests. [...] Planting trees does not necessarily mean a forest is being restored. And reviving ecosystems in which trees are scarce is important too.

Text by: Dhanapal Govindarajulu. "India was a tree planting laboratory for 200 years - here are the results." The Conversation. 10 August 2023. [Emphasis added.]

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Nations and companies are competing to appropriate the last piece of available “untapped” forest that can provide the most amount of “environmental services.” [...] When British Empire forestry was first established as a disciplinary practice in India, [...] it proscribed private interests and initiated a new system of forest management based on a logic of utilitarian [extraction] [...]. Rather than the actual survival of plants or animals, the goal of this forestry was focused on preventing the exhaustion of resource extraction. [...]

Text by: Daniel Fernandez and Alon Schwabe. "The Offsetted." e-flux Architecture (Positions). November 2013. [Emphasis added.]

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At first glance, the statistics tell a hopeful story: Chile’s forests are expanding. […] On the ground, however, a different scene plays out: monocultures have replaced diverse natural forests [...]. At the crux of these [...] narratives is the definition of a single word: “forest.” [...] Pinochet’s wave of [...] [laws] included Forest Ordinance 701, passed in 1974, which subsidized the expansion of tree plantations [...] and gave the National Forestry Corporation control of Mapuche lands. This law set in motion an enormous expansion in fiber-farms, which are vast expanses of monoculture plantations Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus species grown for paper manufacturing and timber. [T]hese new plantations replaced native forests […]. According to a recent study in Landscape and Urban Planning, timber plantations expanded by a factor of ten from 1975 to 2007, and now occupy 43 percent of the South-central Chilean landscape. [...] While the confusion surrounding the definition of “forest” may appear to be an issue of semantics, Dr. Francis Putz [...] warns otherwise in a recent review published in Biotropica. […] Monoculture plantations are optimized for a single product, whereas native forests offer [...] water regulation, hosting biodiversity, and building soil fertility. [...][A]ccording to Putz, the distinction between plantations and native forests needs to be made clear. “[...] [A]nd the point that plantations are NOT forests needs to be made repeatedly [...]."

Text by: Julian Moll-Rocek. “When forests aren’t really forests: the high cost of Chile’s tree plantations.” Mongabay. 18 August 2014. [Emphasis added.]

#abolition #ecology #imperial #colonial

[sitting-on-me-bum]

Aditi the leopard has a large enclosed forest home at the Manikdoh Leopard Rescue Centre in the Western Ghat mountains of Maharashtra. The area is one of the world’s eight hotspots for biodiversity.

Photo by Akash Subhash Dolas

#akash subhash dolas #photographer #wildlife sos #leopard #manikdoh leopard rescue centre #western ghat mountains #animal #mammal #wildlife #cat #maharashtra #nature

[sataniccapitalist]

[travelblogs786]

Discover the Majestic Kodachadri Trek: A Scenic Escape from Bangalore

Introduction

Welcome to Universal Adventures! Are you ready to embark on an unforgettable journey amidst nature's breathtaking beauty? Look no further than the mesmerizing Kodachadri Trek. Located in Karnataka, this trek offers a perfect blend of adventure, serenity, and picturesque landscapes. Whether you're a seasoned trekker or a nature enthusiast seeking solace, Kodachadri is an ideal destination. In this blog, we will guide you through the details of this enchanting trek, including the best time to visit, accommodation options, trek packages, and the stunning sights that await you.

The Magnificence of Kodachadri

Nestled in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, Kodachadri is a mountain peak known for its untouched natural beauty and rich biodiversity. The trek to Kodachadri is a gateway to witness the awe-inspiring landscapes, dense forests, gushing waterfalls, and panoramic views of the Arabian Sea. As you traverse through the trail, you will encounter exotic flora and fauna, including unique species of birds and butterflies. The mist-covered mountains and the tranquil ambiance make Kodachadri a paradise for nature lovers and photography enthusiasts alike.

Starting the Journey from Bangalore

Embarking on the Kodachadri Trek from Bangalore is an exhilarating experience that takes you away from the bustling city into the lap of nature. The trek starts with an overnight journey to the base camp, where you will be greeted by the fresh mountain air and scenic surroundings. From there, you will begin your ascent, guided by expert trek leaders who ensure your safety and provide valuable insights into the trek and its surroundings.

Best Time to Visit and Trek Duration

To make the most of your Kodachadri Trek, it is important to choose the right time to visit. The ideal months are between October and February when the weather is pleasant and the monsoon rains have subsided. The trek usually takes around two days, allowing you ample time to soak in the beauty of the region and indulge in photography, birdwatching, or simply rejuvenating amidst nature's embrace.

Accommodation Options and Stay

Kodachadri offers a variety of accommodation options to suit every traveler's needs. From cozy guesthouses and homestays to camping under the starry sky, you can choose an option that best aligns with your preferences. Many packages include comfortable stays and provide delicious local cuisine, ensuring a memorable experience during your trekking adventure.

Kodachadri Trek Packages

Universal Adventures offers an array of exciting Kodachadri Trek packages that cater to different preferences and budgets. These packages usually include transportation from Bangalore, accommodation, meals, trekking permits, and experienced guides. Whether you prefer a group trek or a customized private tour, Universal Adventures ensures a seamless and well-organized expedition, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in the wonders of Kodachadri.

Trekking Tips and Safety Measures

Before embarking on the Kodachadri Trek, it is essential to keep a few things in mind to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience. Carry suitable trekking gear, including sturdy shoes, rainwear, a backpack, and sufficient water. It is also advisable to carry a basic first-aid kit and insect repellent. Respect the environment by not littering and follow the instructions of your trek leader to maintain the ecological balance of the region.

Conclusion

Embarking on the Kodachadri Trek from Bangalore is a remarkable adventure that promises awe-inspiring natural beauty, thrilling experiences, and unforgettable memories. The serenity and magnificence of the Western Ghats, coupled with the expertise of Universal Adventures, make this journey an absolute must for all nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers. So pack your bags, lace up your shoes, and get ready to create lifelong memories on the picturesque trails of Kodachadri. Embark on this soul-rejuvenating expedition and witness the magic of nature unfold before your eyes.

https://www.universaladventures.in/travel-guide/best-treks-near-bangalore

#enjoy #mountains #travel #trek #trekking #kodachadri trek #kodachadri trek from Bangalore #kodachadri trek time #kodachadri stay #kodachadri trek package #kodachadri hill karnataka #kodachadri karnataka #kodachadri trekking

[nishanthrao18-blog]

Coastal Aerial Vistas: A Glimpse from Indigo Flight over Mangalore

Flying over picturesque landscapes has always been an exhilarating experience, but nothing quite compares to the awe-inspiring beauty of coastal regions. The city of Mangalore, located on the pristine shores of the Arabian Sea in southern India, offers an extraordinary blend of natural splendor and vibrant culture. As I recently embarked on a journey with Indigo Airlines, I had the privilege of witnessing breathtaking coastal aerial vistas that left me speechless. Join me as I recount this remarkable journey and share the indelible impressions etched in my memory.

The Aerial Perspective:

As the Indigo flight soared into the skies above Mangalore, my heart raced with anticipation. The view from above provided an entirely new perspective of the coastal city. From the airplane window, I was treated to a panoramic tapestry of vivid blues and greens, where the cerulean waters merged seamlessly with the lush greenery of the surrounding landscape. The aerial vantage point revealed a coastline dotted with palm-fringed beaches, winding rivers, and estuaries that stretched far into the distance.

Coastal Charm:

The coastline of Mangalore is a true testament to the splendor of nature. From high above, I witnessed the rhythmic dance of waves crashing against the shorelines, leaving trails of foamy white surf in their wake. The sandy beaches, basking in the warm sunlight, beckoned visitors with their promise of tranquility and relaxation. The vibrant hues of parasols dotted along the shoreline added a playful touch to the otherwise serene scene.

As the aircraft cruised over the city, I marveled at the blend of old-world charm and modern development. The historic buildings, painted in vibrant colors, stood as proud reminders of Mangalore's rich heritage. Meanwhile, the city's rapid growth was evident in the sprawling urban landscape and the bustling port area, which served as a lifeline for trade and commerce.

Natural Wonders:

Beyond the city limits, the coastal region of Mangalore revealed its true natural wonders. The flight granted me a privileged view of the lush mangrove forests that fringe the riverbanks. These ecologically rich habitats serve as sanctuaries for numerous bird species and play a vital role in preserving the delicate coastal ecosystem.

Further inland, I witnessed the majestic Western Ghats mountain range rising like a sentinel, its peaks shrouded in a mystical haze. These ancient mountains are a treasure trove of biodiversity, hosting an incredible array of flora and fauna. The verdant valleys, nestled between the mountains, seemed untouched by time, inviting adventurers and nature enthusiasts to explore their hidden trails.

Conclusion:

My journey with Indigo Airlines provided an extraordinary opportunity to witness the unparalleled beauty of Mangalore's coastal vistas from the skies. The picturesque landscapes, the mesmerizing hues of the Arabian Sea, and the blending of nature and culture left an indelible mark on my soul. From the aerial perspective, I gained a deeper appreciation for the fragile balance between human development and the preservation of natural wonders.

Whether you're a seasoned traveler or a wanderlust-driven dreamer, I highly recommend experiencing the coastal splendors of Mangalore from the heights of an airplane. Let the gentle breeze against your face and the breathtaking vistas unfold before your eyes. It is a glimpse of paradise that will forever remain etched in your heart.

So, the next time you embark on a journey, choose the window seat, fasten your seatbelt, and prepare to be captivated by the coastal aerial vistas that await you on an Indigo flight over Mangalore.

#photography #costal #indian #wanderlust #nature #beachliving #arabian sea

[fromtraveldiaries]

Kabini experience: A ChatGPT piece

Based on our experiences earlier this year, I entered a few points on the Kabini river and Nagarahole national park and asked ChatGPT to create a write-up. This is what it came up with - an impersonal generic marketable material fit to be published on tourist brochures.

Embark on an unforgettable journey across the Nilgiri biosphere reserve, and explore the exquisite beauty of the Kabini river, which is the lifeline of South Karnataka. This magnificent river originates in Kerala and flows along the border of Kerala and Karnataka, offering some of the most stunning vistas that you will ever come across during your travels.

The Kabini River: An Overview

The Kabini river is not only a stunning sight to behold, but also has an important role to play in the flora and fauna of the region, sustaining the large herds of wildlife found in the area. It is also home to an array of aquatic creatures such as fish, otters, and turtles. Moreover, the river divides the northern region of the Nilgiri biosphere reserve into the Nagarahole and Bandipur national parks, making it a hub for wildlife enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.

Exploring the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve

The Nilgiri biosphere reserve is a vast expanse of natural beauty that stretches across three states of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2012, highlighting its immense biodiversity and crucial role in the conservation of the Western Ghats.

The pristine forests of the reserve are home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, including endangered species like the tiger, elephant, and gaur. The reserve also boasts a large population of elusive leopards, making it an ideal destination for wildlife photographers and nature enthusiasts.

A River Safari on the Kabini

One of the best ways to explore the Kabini river and the surrounding environs is by embarking on a river safari. During this safari, you can witness the incredible wildlife that congregates around the riverbanks, while enjoying the calm and serene waters of the Kabini.

You can also indulge in outdoor activities like camping, trekking, or birdwatching, and immerse yourself in the picturesque landscapes of the Nilgiri biosphere reserve.

In Conclusion

The Kabini river is indeed the lifeline of South Karnataka, offering an unforgettable experience for those who seek to explore the natural beauty of the region. The Nilgiri biosphere reserve is truly an exceptional destination, offering a range of activities to suit every traveler's interests. So, pack your bags, and set out on a journey to discover the wonders of the Kabini river and the Nilgiri biosphere reserve!

#Kabini #rivers #Karnataka #Nilgiris #Nilgiri biosphere reserve #national parks #Bandipur #Nagarahole #wildlife #forests #chatgpt #travel writing #river safari #safari #jungle safari

[kumaradhikaryofficial]

Biodiversity Hotspots-

The concept of biodiversity hotspot was first given by Norman Myers in 1988. Later, in 1989, Conservation International (CI) adopted Myers’ concept and defined it further. A region is classified as a Biodiversity Hotspot if it meets undermentioned two criteria:

  It must have at least 1500 vascular plants (> 0.5% of world's total) as endemics 

It must have 30% or less of its original natural vegetation or it must be threatened. 

There are 36 biodiversity hotspots across the world. These represent just 24% of the earth’s land surface but support nearly 43% endemic species of birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians. 

Biodiversity hotspot in India -

India has four biodiversity hotspots of the world these include 

Himalayas: It includes the entire Indian Himalayan region.

Indo- Burma: It includes entire north-east India (except Assam) and Andaman group of islands.

Sundaland: includes Nicobar group of Islands.

Western Ghats. 

Megadiverse Countries -

This concept was given by Conservation International in 1998. It refers to the world's top biodiversity-rich countries. To qualify as a Megadiverse country, a country must: 

Have at least 5000 of world’s plants as endemics.

 Have Marine ecosystems within its borders. 

 Apart from these two, some other criteria like species and ecosystem diversity are also taken into consideration.

 There are 17 Megadiverse countries that account for at least two-thirds of all non-fish vertebrate species and three-fourths of all higher plant species. This classification demonstrates how a small number of countries hold a large proportion of global diversity and their four have greater responsibility for conservation and biodiversity management. India is one of the Mega-divers countries of the world. 

#biodiversity #biology #environment #ecology

[adveltrip]

Top 10 places to visit in India

 1) Gulmarg

According to maxima “Kashmir is heaven on earth” as said the place proves the sayings by itself. Kashmir is the most beautiful place in India without hesitation. The place is famous for its winter sports and tourist activities like; Skiing, ice- hockey, Gondola riding and Shikara. There is a town in Kashmir named Gulmarg. Where the place got the name Gulmarg which was driven by the flower “Gulmarg” where the King Yousuf Shah Chak and the queen Habba Khatoon visited the place and named the place the flower Gulmarg

2.      2)Manali

Manali was known as a Himalayan bohemian town, which is one of the most visited places in India or called the Honeymoon capital of India. It is among the most beautiful places in India where on average over 36.37 lakh tourists visit every year out of which 1.5 lakh including foreign tourists. Due to varieties of peak ranges, it attracts backpackers from all over the world. Old Manali was used as a base by all backpackers as there is a plethora of funky cafes and boho shops. It is a perfect destination for working people for workations.

3.      3) Alleppey

Kerala knows to be “God’s own country” the place justifies it truly. Kerala has beautiful mountains, Malabar Coast, the Western Ghats with large tea, spices and coconut farms, and also the culture that makes the people and place most exceptional. The most heartfelt place in Kerala is backwaters of Alleppey where you may leave a small part of your heart for the place and find your soul in peace. The boathouses of Kerala give you the most exciting experience with a cinematic view ever.

4.      4) Rishikesh

Uttarakhand is a pilgrimage place for Hindus whereas Rishikesh is a heart for devotees. Ganga Ghat creates magical glory located on the banks of river Ganga the place where lakhs of people come together to be a part of Ganga Arti which last for an hour and memories for life.

5.     5) Chittorghar

Rajasthan is a far-flung place of Maharajas which has a vast history carrying with it.  The forts of Rajasthan speak the glory of Maharajas and the pride of the nation and one of them is Chittorgarh. Chittorgarh is known for its courage and bravery, as it was the fort which was attacked thrice by various dynasties yet stood on its foot again. The place is also famous for Jauhar which was done by Rani Padmini and Rani Karnavati. Chittorgarh has several gates, towers and temples in its vicinity.

6.      6) Pangong Tso

The untouched paradise for travellers which leads to their favourite place to be visited, Leh Ladak has an interesting mix of cultures and food as it is on the border of China and its history is closely related to Tibet. One of the most visited places is Pangong Tso lake for its scenic view. Pangong Tso is reported as high altitude saline water Lake. Leh Ladak is considered one of the best 10 places in India to visit.

7.     7) Butterfly Beach

Goa, the party capital of India provides a wide range of entertainment activities like casinos, clubs and beaches. Apart from party lovers Goa also provides secret places for love birds one of them is the famous Butterfly beach the hidden gem of Goa. Where you may go and enjoy a little more privacy and soulful sea, jaw-dropping colour-changing sky, and the adorable view which will make you stay a little longer.

8.      8) Kanyakumari

Tamil Nadu has a tiny coastal town known as Kanyakumari that has bumpy scenery, with palm beaches, coconut-lined paddy fields and historical structures in the city located in the southern part of the coastal region.  Kanyakumari is also known as “Cape Comorin” or also been said as “The Land’s End”. Birhadeshwar Temple in Thanjavur was known as the richest temple in southern India

9.      9) Kaziranga

Assam is a northeastern Indian state famous for its biodiversity, historical landmarks, and tea plantations. The capital city of Assam is Guwahati, which has the famous hilltop kamakhya temple and silk bazaars. Assam is famous for its tea gardening in a world where others do provide tea but only some can compete with the quality of Assam tea. Other than the tea garden one of the famous tourist spots is Kaziranga National Park which is known for the Big Five Animals (Indian Rhinoceros, Indian Elephant, Royal Bengal Tiger, Eastern Swamp deer and wild water buffalo)

10.   10 )Taj Mahal

Agra is a must-visit Indian location which is famous for the Seventh Wonder of the World which is the Taj Mahal. A symbol of love made by the king Shahjahan the Emporer of the Mughal dynasty for his wife Mumtaz. Agra is not just known for the Taj Mahal but it offers an urban landscape filled with fantastic sites and experiences. The city is evident in its culture and surrounded architecture which includes famous inlaid marble and red sandstone building. Agra is also famous for its delicious sweets for your tastebuds specifically the pethas, from the old city.

These are considered the Top 10 places in India that one must add to their bucket list. Out of the wide list of places here are the significant Top 10 places you will enjoy right from partying to pilgrimage.

Happy Tripping…

Kyu ki Iss trip me hai Tripp

#comingsoon staytuned music love new fashion art follow instagood hiphop smallbusiness like artist youtube instagram bookstagram realestate p

[lishika-holidays]

Discovering Coorg: A Memorable 2-Day Escape from Bangalore

Embark on a memorable two-day escape from Bangalore to discover beauty of Coorg, Karnataka's verdant gem, also known as Kodagu. Lishika Holidays, your trusted tour and travel agency, invites you to join us as we delve into the serene landscapes, fragrant coffee plantations, and vibrant cultural heritage that define this picturesque destination. Experience a quick getaway from the bustling city life, just a few hours' drive away, as we immerse ourselves in the tranquility and charm of Coorg.

Day 1: A Journey into Nature's Embrace

Our adventure begins early in the morning as we depart from Bangalore and set forth on a scenic drive towards Coorg. En route, we marvel at the picturesque vistas of the Western Ghats, with its mist-covered peaks and verdant valleys. As we approach Coorg, the air becomes infused with the scent of coffee blossoms, heralding our arrival into the heart of India's coffee country.

Upon reaching our destination, we check into a cozy homestay nestled amidst the sprawling coffee estates. Here, surrounded by the tranquility of nature, we rejuvenate ourselves with a sumptuous breakfast featuring local delicacies and freshly brewed Coorg coffee.

With our energy replenished, we embark on a guided tour of a nearby coffee plantation, where we learn about the art of coffee cultivation from seasoned experts. Walking amidst the emerald greenery, we gain insights into the intricate process of growing, harvesting, and processing coffee beans, while also marveling at the biodiversity that thrives within the plantation.

As the afternoon sun bathes the landscape in a warm glow, we proceed to Abbey Falls, one of Coorg's most iconic natural wonders. Cascading from a height of over 70 feet, the waterfall captivates us with its sheer beauty and the thunderous roar of its cascading waters. We spend some time soaking in the serenity of the surroundings, capturing memories against the backdrop of this majestic cascade.

Day 2: Exploring Culture and Heritage

Our second day in Coorg begins with a visit to the historic Madikeri Fort, a testament to the region's rich heritage and storied past. Perched atop a hill overlooking the town of Madikeri, the fort offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, while its ancient walls echo with tales of bygone eras. We delve into the fort's intriguing history, exploring its archaeological marvels and cultural artifacts that offer glimpses into Coorg's royal legacy.

Next, we proceed to the Omkareshwara Temple, a sacred site revered by devotees and visitors alike. Built in the distinctive blend of Islamic and Gothic architectural styles, the temple exudes an aura of spiritual tranquility. We offer our prayers amidst the serene ambience of the temple, taking in the divine atmosphere that pervades its hallowed precincts.

Before bidding farewell to Coorg, we make a final stop at Raja's Seat, a scenic viewpoint renowned for its breathtaking sunset vistas. Perched atop a hilltop garden, we witness the sun's golden rays painting the sky in hues of orange and crimson, casting a magical spell over the landscape below.

As dusk descends upon Coorg, we reluctantly bid adieu to this enchanting paradise, carrying with us memories that will linger in our hearts forever. With Lishika Holidays, every journey becomes an unforgettable experience, weaving together moments of joy, discovery, and camaraderie amidst nature's bountiful embrace.

Join us on our next escapade and let the wonders of Coorg unveil themselves before your eyes, promising an adventure filled with beauty, serenity, and everlasting memories.

Read for more info: https://www.tumblr.com/lishika-holidays/749086791656767488/discovering-coorg-a-memorable-2-day-escape-from?source=share

#travells

[billionneuronscurious]

Common Vine Snake. A Green Snake from Western Ghats, India.

#common vine snake #vine snake #snake #snakes #reptile #reptiles #green snake #fauna #wildlife #photography #zoology #wildlife photography #biodiversity of western ghats #maharashtra #india #snakes of india #snakes of maharashtra #snakes of western ghats #reptiles of india #reptiles of maharashtra #reptiles of western ghats

[planashleygo]

Eravikulam National Park: Entry Fee, Visiting Time, What to Expect

Tucked away in the majestic Western Ghats of Kerala lies Eravikulam National Park, a pristine landscape brimming with unique wildlife and breathtaking scenery. Renowned for its conservation efforts, particularly for the endangered Nilgiri Tahr, the park offers a glimpse into the rich biodiversity that characterizes this region of India. My family and I recently had the opportunity to explore…

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[fatehbaz]

Planting trees does not necessarily mean a forest is being restored.

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But efforts to increase global tree cover to limit climate change have skewed towards erecting plantations of fast-growing trees. The reasons are obvious: planting trees can demonstrate results a lot quicker than natural forest restoration. This is helpful if the objective is generating a lot of timber quickly or certifying carbon credits which people and firms buy to supposedly offset their emissions. [...] [I]ll-advised tree planting can unleash invasive species [...]. For more than 200 years India has experimented with tree plantations, offering important lessons about the consequences different approaches to restoring forests have on local communities and the wider environment. This rare long-term perspective should be heeded [...].

Britain extended its influence over India and controlled much of its affairs [...] from the mid-18th century onwards. Between 1857 and 1947, the Crown ruled the country directly and turned its attention to the country’s forests. Britain needed great quantities of timber to lay railway sleepers and build ships in order to transport the cotton, rubber and tea it took from India.

Through the Indian Forest Act of 1865, forests with high-yielding timber trees such as teak, sal and deodar became state property. To maximise how much timber these forests yielded, British colonial authorities restricted the rights of local people to harvest much beyond grass and bamboo. [...] Meanwhile plantations of teak (Tectona grandis), a species well adapted to India’s hot and humid climate and a source of durable and attractive timber, spread aggressively. [...]

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[G]rasslands and open scrub forest gave way to teak monocultures.

Eucalyptus and other exotic trees which hadn’t evolved in India were introduced from around 1790. British foresters planted pines from Europe and North America in extensive plantations in the Himalayan region as a source of resin and introduced acacia trees from Australia for timber, fodder and fuel.

One of these species, wattle (Acacia mearnsii), first introduced in 1861 with a few hundred thousand saplings, was planted in the Nilgiris district of the Western Ghats. This area is what scientists all a biodiversity hotspot – a globally rare ecosystem replete with species. Wattle has since become invasive and taken over much of the region’s mountainous grasslands.

Similarly, pine has spread over much of the Himalayas and displaced native oak trees while teak has replaced sal, a native hardwood, in central India. Both oak and sal are valued for fuel, fodder, fertiliser, medicine and oil. Their loss [...] impoverished many.

---

India’s national forest policy [...] aims for trees on 33% of the country’s area. Schemes under this policy include plantations consisting of a single species such as eucalyptus or bamboo which grow fast and can increase tree cover quickly, demonstrating success according to this dubious measure. Sometimes these trees are planted in grasslands and other ecosystems where tree cover is naturally low. The result is that afforestation harms rural and indigenous people who depend on these ecosystems [...].

In the Kachchh grasslands of western India communities were able to restore grasslands by removing the invasive gando bawal (meaning “mad tree”) first introduced by British foresters in the late 19th century. [...]

The success of forest restoration efforts cannot be measured by tree cover alone. The Indian government’s definition of “forest” still encompasses plantations of a single tree species, orchards and even bamboo, which actually belongs to the grass family. This means that biennial forest surveys cannot quantify how much natural forest has been restored, or convey the consequences of displacing native trees with competitive plantation species or identify if these exotic trees have invaded natural grasslands which have then been falsely recorded as restored forests. [...]

Planting trees does not necessarily mean a forest is being restored. And reviving ecosystems in which trees are scarce is important too.

---

Text by: Dhanapal Govindarajulu. "India was a tree planting laboratory for 200 years - here are the results." The Conversation. 10 August 2023. [Bold emphasis, some paragraph breaks/contractions, and italicized first line in this post added by me.]

[sitting-on-me-bum]

The Mottled wood owl is unique to India and can be recognized by its brilliant red eyes and haunting calls. This beauty was spotted near our leopard centre in the biodiverse Western Ghat mountains of Maharashtra.

Photo by Lenu Kannan.

#lenu kannan #photographer #wildlife sos #mottled wood owl #owl #bird photography #india #nature #western ghat mountains #maharashtra

[dreamcoconutvilla]

Into the Wild: Camping Experiences near Munnar Resorts

A haven for both nature enthusiasts and thrill seekers, Munnar is known for its verdant surroundings, foggy mountains, and peaceful atmosphere. While staying at a luxury resort can be relaxing and comfortable, being outdoors is incredibly thrilling. Experience nature in its most unadulterated state when camping close to Munnar resorts. You'll make treasured memories and have life-changing adventures. The top camping spots close to Munnar resorts are listed in this guide.

Chokramudi Pack Camping

With stunning views of the surrounding valleys and tea plantations, this camping area is close to the scenic Chokramudi Peak. Pitch your tent in the middle of nowhere, and as you awaken, the sound of birdsong fills the air, along with the crisp scent of evergreens. Experience something magical as the sun sets and the sky is painted in shades of pink and orange.

Top Station Camping

Top Station, which is 1,700 metres above sea level, is well-known for its expansive vistas of the Western Ghats. You can camp here and enjoy the expansive valley below as well as the stunning Nilgiri Tahr Mountains. Remember to bring your camera so you can record the breathtaking sunrise and sunset views that Top Station is renowned for.

Anamudi Shola National Park Camping

Camping in Anamudi Shola National Park is a necessity for anyone looking for a fully immersive wilderness experience. Several rare species of plants and animals, such as the grizzled giant squirrel and the Nilgiri tahr, can be found in this biodiversity hotspot. To discover the region's rich biodiversity, pitch your tent amid the deep forests and head out on nature trails.

Kolukkumalai Camping

This campsite provides unmatched views of the dawn over the Western Ghats from its perch atop the Kolukkumalai Hills. As you drink a cup of freshly brewed tea made from leaves cultivated in the surrounding tea farms, you can see clouds drifting below you as you wake up. Adventure seekers would find Kolukkumalai to be an ideal destination because of its well-known trekking paths and exhilarating jeep safaris.

Echo Point Camping

This campsite is peacefully situated among verdant foliage and immaculate pools of water, not far from the well-known Echo Point. Enjoin in water sports like fishing and boating, or explore the adjacent hiking trails during your days. A bonfire is a great place for campers to get together as dusk approaches and tell stories under the stars.

Camping close to Munnar resorts is a special way to get back in touch with the environment and make lifelong memories. Munnar's nature has something to offer everyone, whether you're a group of friends looking for adventure or a lone traveller seeking quiet. So gather your belongings, bid adieu to the luxuries of modern life, and set out on a once-in-a-lifetime camping trip deep within the embrace of nature.

#best resort in munnar #resort in munnar #resorts in munnar

[deltin-royale]

Adventure in Goa: Surfing, Diving, and More!

Goa is a place of endless adventure, combining breathtaking natural beauty with thrilling activities that cater to all kinds of travelers. Whether you prefer riding the waves or exploring the depths of the ocean, the state is an adventurer's paradise. From my personal experience, Goa's vibrant culture and scenic landscapes make it the perfect backdrop for some unforgettable adventures. This guide will take you through all the top adventure sports you can experience in Goa, so you're well-prepared to make the most of your visit.

Surfing in Goa

Goa's stunning coastline offers some of the best surfing spots in India. Whether you're a seasoned surfer or just starting out, there's something for everyone. Head to places like Arambol, Anjuna, or Ashwem Beach, where the waves are perfect for riding and the vibes are just as welcoming.

Scuba Diving and Snorkeling

Diving enthusiasts will find plenty of underwater wonders to explore in Goa. The Arabian Sea offers clear waters, vibrant marine life, and shipwrecks waiting to be discovered. Grande Island and Malvan Island are popular scuba diving spots where you can dive into the depths and experience the beauty of colorful coral reefs and schools of tropical fish.

For those who prefer to stay closer to the surface, snorkeling is a great option. Many tour operators provide snorkeling equipment and guided trips, allowing you to witness the underwater beauty without extensive training.

Jet Skiing and Parasailing

For thrill-seekers looking for an adrenaline rush, jet skiing and parasailing are must-try activities. Jet skiing lets you zoom across the water while feeling the spray of the sea on your face. Parasailing, on the other hand, offers a bird's-eye view of Goa's beaches as you glide through the sky.

River Rafting in Goa

Goa isn't just about its coastline; its rivers provide the perfect setting for an exciting river rafting experience. The Mhadei River in Valpoi is a popular spot for river rafting, offering rapids that cater to different levels of expertise. The lush greenery surrounding the river adds to the overall experience, making it a memorable adventure.

Ziplining and Rock Climbing

For a change of pace, try ziplining through Goa's lush jungles or climbing its rock faces. Ziplining offers a thrilling ride as you soar above the treetops, while rock climbing tests your strength and agility. Both activities provide a unique perspective on Goa's natural beauty.

Hot Air Ballooning

If you prefer to keep your adventures a bit more relaxed, hot air ballooning is an experience you won't want to miss. As you float gently above Goa's picturesque landscapes, you'll have a chance to take in the breathtaking views and capture stunning photos.

Casino in Goa and Adventure Sports

While this guide focuses primarily on outdoor adventure sports, it's worth mentioning that Goa is also home to exciting casinos. After a day of adrenaline-pumping activities, you can unwind and try your luck at one of the casino in Goa options. They offer a different kind of adventure, with games and entertainment that can add a touch of luxury to your trip.

Trekking and Nature Trails

Goa's diverse landscapes also make it a great destination for trekking and hiking. Explore its Western Ghats, known for their biodiversity, or take a stroll through spice plantations. Discover hidden waterfalls, dense forests, and pristine nature reserves on your adventures.

Conclusion

Goa is a haven for adventure sports enthusiasts, offering a perfect mix of adrenaline-pumping activities and serene moments surrounded by nature. From surfing and diving to river rafting and hot air ballooning, there's something for everyone. Don't forget to add a touch of excitement to your evening with a visit to a casino in Goa. Plan your trip today and dive into the ultimate adventure in Goa!