ProPublica and Capital & Main reporters visited dozens of Remnant wells and tank batteries — facilities used for oil storage and early stages of processing — scattered across this rural stretch of New Mexico. Multiple sites emitted explosive levels of methane, with one leak clocked at 10 times the concentration at which the gas can explode.
Several wells belched sour hydrogen sulfide at concentrations that maxed out the gas detector, registering levels three times as high as what is “immediately dangerous to life or health,” according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Oil Conservation Division inspectors hadn’t visited some of the wells since 2017, according to agency records.
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Based on the per-well cleanup costs Fuge’s agency submitted to the federal government, the wells belonging to Remnant and a related company could cost the state $67 million if they are orphaned. The companies have only set aside about $1.5 million in bonds across three state and federal agencies.
Under current New Mexico rules, companies only need to put up a single bond worth a maximum of $250,000 — no matter how many wells they have — with the Oil Conservation Division. The failed reform bill would’ve increased that cap to $10 million. The division can request additional bonds to cover the increased risk from idle wells, but when it asked Remnant and a related company for about $3 million, the operators put up less than a tenth of that and kept pumping oil.
Weak bonding rules and an unwillingness to take on the industry have created similar shortfalls across the nation.
The Pennsylvania General Assembly in the 1990s, for example, forced the state’s oil regulators to hand back money that oil companies had set aside to plug wells drilled prior to 1985, which numbered in the tens of thousands of wells.
Oklahoma allows oil companies that prove they’re worth at least $50,000 — about the price of one of the ubiquitous pickup trucks cruising the oil fields — to set aside no money to plug their wells.
And Kansas gives companies, no matter how many wells they own, the option of paying a flat $100 annual fee instead of setting aside a bond, as long as they have not committed recent infractions. Seven out of eight companies in the state take this route, leaving an average of less than $13 in bonds for each of the state’s 150,000 unplugged wells. The state’s estimated cleanup costs — which experts said may be low — would mean the state faces about a $1 billion shortfall between the bonds and plugging costs.
“Regulations that may have worked well enough in the past have left the public and the industry ill-prepared for this last phase of life for millions of old wells,” Purvis, the petroleum reservoir engineer, said. “Left unchanged, current regulations and practices will continue to accrue liabilities that will ultimately fall on taxpayers.”
All told, oil drillers have set aside only $2.7 billion in bonds with the 15 states that account for nearly all the country’s oil and gas production and $204 million with the Bureau of Land Management, the main federal oil regulator. The expected cost to plug and clean up wells in those states is $151.3 billion.
ProPublica and Capital & Main obtained and analyzed more than a thousand pages of states’ applications for funding to plug orphan wells as part of the Biden administration’s Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. The documents reveal for the first time states’ own estimates of the cleanup costs in a way that allows states to be compared.
“You can give us probably the entire infrastructure act funding — $4.7 billion — and we'd probably spend that in Pennsylvania,” Kurt Klapkowski, head of the commonwealth’s Office of Oil and Gas Management, told a national meeting of regulators in October.
You should read the whole article for exactly how companies get out of paying to cap wells. Which is basically bankruptcy... and then sometimes selling the remaining producing wells to themselves to continue producing, but without that pesky cleanup for the ones tapped out. there's also a breakdown of different states and their liabilities.
The main issue with the leaking wells is methane, which aside from being potentially explosive, is also a much more potent greenhouse gas than CO2.
Despite the fact that the price of gasoline has next to nothing to do with which party controls the government, gas prices may well be the deciding factor in next month's midterm elections. Polls consistently show a strong correlation between the price of this one product and the political preference of voters.
After more than three months of falling gas prices, fuel costs spiked in early October. And sure enough the polls showed races tightening all across the country. So, naturally, GOP candidates hopped on this issue with both feet. For example, incumbent Wisconsin Senator Ron Johnson, who's in a tough reelection fight against Lt. Governor Mandela Barnes, was quick to place the blame for rising gas prices: "Make no mistake, this is the result of Democrats' reckless deficit spending and radical green energy policies."
As always, RoJo's wrong. Actually, the biggest determinant of US gas prices is the world price of oil. And that price shot up dramatically when OPEC+, the global petroleum cartel that includes Russia, announced earlier this month its intention to reduce daily production by two million barrels. Which was just the opening Republicans needed to attack Democrats over gas prices and the cost of living.
A secondary contributor to the price of gas is the capacity of refineries to process it. This was greatly impacted by the pandemic-induced recession in 2020, when several facilities were shuttered and we lost 1.1 million bbl/day in refining capacity.
Of course, demand is also a factor. And Americans do love their gas guzzlers. As The Guardian points out, “So far in 2022 the three top-selling vehicles in the US are all pickup trucks – the Ford F-Series takes top spot – and the majority of the rest are SUVs.”
It’s useful to note that even the most economical of the Ford F-Series trucks gets only 25 mpg. Which is why the Biden administration is simultaneously encouraging the use of electric vehicles and releasing a further 14 million barrels from the nation's Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Still, economist Paul Krugman reminded us last week,
Overall, however, it’s hard to think of a worse metric for judging a president and his party than a price determined mainly by events abroad and technical production issues here at home.
But while supply and demand are the main factors driving pump prices, President Biden has been able to exert a minor influence. AAA reports that, thanks to his tapping the SPR ahead of the midterms, "As October cruises toward the finish line, gas prices look less scary." And, fortunately, so do Democratic chances.
idk i just think it’s a little weird that almost every character who gets the “innocent baby” / “little ray of sunshine” treatment usually ends up just having neurodivergent traits and actual negative traits in the show that nobody pays attention to. like idk man it just feels like diet infantilization to me and it’s a teeny weeny bit uncomfortable to see all the time
snap i feel the need to tell you that that one drawing you did of bishie joon-gi han with zhao in the fucking back papoose has become something of a religious artefact for me and my sister (who only knows anything about rgg entirely through osmosis.) she's literally obsessed with papoose zhao. i mention him and she's like "ohhh papoose boy. he's in the papoose he's so little". got some kinda cocomelon effect on us for real
✨My first P2U base done in years is now available to the public!✨
This has been a long time coming and I would greatly appreciate this being spread around! I'm in the works of a mega base pack as well (total of 8 bodies), but wanted to get this one out in the open first 💙
What you get upon purchase:
Link to free brush set used for the lines (.ABR brushes are compatible with both Procreate and Clip Studio Paint)
.CSP and .PSD file of base, with flat color + lineart layers separate
Base itself is on a 1300px X 1650px canvas at 300dpi
The Colombian Oil and Gas Association (ACP) prepared the economic report “Energy policy scenarios and their impact on Colombians,” on the contributions the sector could make to the country over the next four years, and even this decade, according to the country’s direction for the Next presidential elections.
Two scenarios are presented, one of maintaining the oil exploration and production and…
Tobacco already kills eight million people every year, and, irrespective of any impact of newer products like e-cigarettes, the huge global burden of tobacco mortality and morbidity can be expected to remain for decades to come. Tobacco growing, manufacturing, distribution, and use, all contribute to global warming through the emission of greenhouse gases. In fact, the tobacco product life cycle releases an estimated 80 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent every single year. The tobacco industry’s emissions are larger than those for entire countries, including Denmark, Croatia and Afghanistan, and are comparable to emissions from the oil, fast fashion and meat industries.
‘Plastics, the Environment and the Tobacco Industry’, Tobacco Tactics