hi i didn't know where/who to ask this so i hope it's okay if i do here! i'm writing a story with an asian-american protagonist and i would like for them to speak to their parents in chinese. how should i intergrate that? for ex, would it be, "good morning, dad," he said in chinese, or "早上好,爸爸," he said, or "good morning, 爸爸", or "good morning, Bàba"? the story is geared towards english/american audiences since thats where it takes place so i'm worried it won't be clear in some cases.
I guess it would depend on the character’s personality and how much they speak Chinese at home. It might also depend on their age.
Like, boys tend not to continue calling their father 爸爸 past a certain age. Not all, but just an fyi, “早上好爸爸” sounds (imo) like something overly formal that I can only imagine a three year old saying. I mean do YOU say “good morning, daddy” each day?
I would just say “‘Morning”, if at all. The Chinese equivalent of this would be “早.”
I think if you don’t speak any Chinese but you still really want to write your character speaking a language other than English , just write a line or two early on in your story to indicate that’s what they are doing, and then write the dialogue in English. You can add other cues in your scenes to reinforce what is going on, and also use formatting indicators, such as italicizing the dialogue when it’s supposed to be in Chinese.
If your target audience is English speakers to begin with, what business do you have writing stilted lines in a language they can’t read anyway, you know? It doesn’t make sense to do that as a writer.
The formula for the comparison is relatively simple. Noun A is more [adjective] than Noun B. Where Noun A is the reference point for comparison.
今天比昨天热。jīntiān bǐ zuótiān rè
Today is hotter than yesterday
昨天比今天冷。zuótiān bǐ jīntiān lěng
Yesterday was colder than today.
你比你爸爸高。nǐ bǐ nǐ bàba gāo
You are taller than your dad.
Important things to note:
很 cannot be used in the comparison
The adjective cannot be negated using 不
The 比 comparison is used when two things are not the same, thus 一样, cannot be used
A比B+更Adjective
更 can be added to the formula above, where 更 means “even more”. This sentence structure implies that Noun B is [adjective] however, Noun A is even more so.
广东话比普通话更难。guǎngdōnghuà bǐ pǔtōnghuà gèng nán
Cantonese is even more difficult than Mandarin.
老虎比狮子更大。lǎohǔ bǐ shīzǐ gèngdà
Tigers are even bigger than lions.
俄罗斯的冬天比波兰的(冬天)更冷。Éluósī de dōngtiān bǐ bōlán de (dōngtiān) gèng lěng
Russia’s winters are even colder than Poland’s (winters).
——
A有B+Adjective and A没有B+Adjective
Is another form of comparison in Chinese, however the connotation is slightly different. 比 comparison is used when Noun A is more [adjective] than Noun B, whilst 有 comparison is used to state that Noun A is ‘as [adjective] as’ Noun B. 没有 comparison is very similar except it states that Noun A is ‘not as [adjective] as’ Noun B.
你妈妈有你爸爸的年纪吗?nǐ māma yǒu nǐ bàba de niánjì ma?
Is your mum the same age as your dad?
我妈妈没有我爸爸的年纪。wǒ māma méiyǒu wǒ bàba de niánjì.
My mum is not the same age as my dad.
这本书有那本书贵吗?zhèběn shū yǒu nà běnshū guì ma?
Is this book as expensive as that book?
这本书有那本书贵。zhèběn shū yǒu nà běnshū guì.
This book is as expensive as that book.
A有B+这么+Adjective and A没有B+那么+Adjective
This form of comparison builds on the formula explained above. However, the difference is that this formula compares Noun A to Noun B, where Noun B is a reference point, to compare whether Noun A has reached the state of Noun B. In this instance 这么 means “this” and 那么 means “that”.
这个橙子有柠檬那么酸。zhège chéngzi yǒu níngméng nàme suān
This orange is as sour as a lemon.
德国没有法国那么大。déguó méiyǒu fǎguó nàme dà
Germany is not as big as France.
我的车没有他的车这么快。wǒde chē méiyǒu tā de chē zhème kuài
My car is not a fast as his car.
——
This is not an exhaustive list of comparisons in Chinese, I may continue this grammar topic in a future post.
I used “Chiński - Gramatyka z ćwiczeniami” (a Chinese grammar book in Polish) to deepen my understanding on this topic before making this post.
So one time I was writing an essay in Chinese about Wu Guanzhong and I wanted to illustrated that he’s credited as, what we’d call in English, the father of modern Chinese art. Well I translated this as the 爸爸 (bàba) of modern Chinese art cause to me 爸爸 just meant father. as it TURNS out 爸爸 is actually more of an endearment term akin to Dad or Daddy and I had essentially turned in a major essay about a serious subject matter where I called my subject the Daddy of Chinese Art
{out of race cars} In Gremlins, Gizmo calls Mr. Wing bàba (爸爸) several times, which in Chinese means “father,” or “dad.” So Gizmo thinks of Mr. Wing like a parent, and judging by how happily and enthusiastically he says it, he must consider him a good parent. He also yells this out when he is stuck in the laundry chute and scared. Given this sort of relationship that Gizmo had with Mr. Wing, it really speaks to how devastated Gizmo must have been after Mr. Wing passed away in Gremlins 2: The New Batch. Aaaand I didn’t need my heart, thank you very much. T^T
Follow Along: Learn the Chinese Family Tree with This Song!
Family is a very important part of any culture, but especially in China. It’s important when learning Chinese to know how to address family members, especially those that are older in the family, in a proper way. This kids’ song is a great way to teach a child all of the immediate family names.
Watch this video of kid’s songs:
Lyrics:
Bàba de bàba jiào shénme?
爸爸的爸爸叫什么?
What do you call your dad’s dad?
Bàba de bàba jiào yéye.
爸爸的爸爸叫爷爷。
Dad’s father is called grandpa.
Bàba de māma jiào shénme?
爸爸的妈妈叫什么?
What do you call your dad’s mom?
Bàba de māma jiào nǎinai.
爸爸的妈妈叫奶奶。
Dad’s mom is called grandma.
Bàba de gēge jiào shénme?
爸爸的哥哥叫什么?
What do you call your dad’s elder brother?
Bàba de gēge jiào bóbo.
爸爸的哥哥叫伯伯。
Dad’s brother is called uncle.
Bàba de dìdi jiào shénme?
爸爸的弟弟叫什么?
What do you call your dad’s younger brother?
Bàba de dìdi jiào shūshu.
爸爸的弟弟叫叔叔。
Dad’s younger brother is called uncle.
Bàba de jiěmèi jiào shénme?
爸爸的姐妹叫什么?
What do you call your dad’s sister?
Bàba de jiěmèi jiào gūgu.
爸爸的姐妹叫姑姑。
Dad’s sister is called aunt.
Māma de bàba jiào shénme?
妈妈的爸爸叫什么?
What do you call your mom’s dad?
Māma de bàba jiào wàigōng.
妈妈的爸爸叫外公。
Mom’s dad is called grandpa.
Māma de māma jiào shénme?
妈妈的妈妈叫什么?
What do you call your mom’s mom?
Māma de māma jiào wàipó.
妈妈的妈妈叫外婆。
Mom’s mom is called grandma.
Māma de xiōngdì jiào shénme?
妈妈的兄弟叫什么?
What do you call your mom’s brother?
Māma de xiōngdì jiào jiùjiu.
妈妈的兄弟叫舅舅。
Mom’s brother is called uncle.
Māma de jiěmèi jiào shénme?
妈妈的姐妹叫什么?
What do you call your mom’s sister?
Māma de jiěmèi jiào āyí.
妈妈的姐妹叫阿姨。
Mom’s sister is called aunt.
Some vocabularies of family members from the song:
爷爷 (Yéye): grandpa.
奶奶 (Nǎinai): grandma.
伯伯 (Bóbo): uncle.
叔叔 (Shūshu): uncle.
姑姑 (Gūgu): aunt.
外公 (Wàigōng): grandpa.
外婆 (Wàipó): grandma.
舅舅 (Jiùjiu): uncle.
阿姨 (Āyí): aunt.
...to watch the video and learn the FULL SONG, you can follow along and practice in OUR FULL LESSON HERE!
The weather today is fine. Now I am in the coffee shop. I like iced coffee. I am learning Chinese. My dad is not good. Shay nay nay is my friend. She is very beautiful and I miss her. I also miss university and many university friends but I am happy that I am home. I can learn Chinese and go to coffee shops.
*吗 ma used for yes-no questions (question particle)
爸爸 bàba dad (noun)
妈妈 māma mom (noun)
他们 tāmen they; them (pronoun)
他 tā he; him (pronoun)
们 men used after pronouns 我, 你, 他 or specific nouns to denote plurals (suffix)
都 dōu both; all (adverb)
不 bù no; not (adverb)
男 nán male (adjective)
朋友 péngyou friend (noun)
*呢 ne modal particle for elliptical questions (modal particle)
Sentences with an Adjectival Predicate 形容词谓语句:
Subject Predicate
你 好
他 很忙
我 不忙
他们 都很好
In Chinese an adjective can function directly as predicates, making the sentence an adjectival predicate. Adjectival predicates can be modified by adverbs like 很, 也, 都. The negative form of sentences with an adjectival predicate is made by placing the negative adverb 不 before the adjective that functions as the predicate; example- 我不忙.
Teacher Ellie introduces some simple, but essential Mandarin Chinese phonics. The final "a" and a simple initial "b" form the basis of many Chinese words. In Chinese, a "final" is similar to a vowel and an "initial" is similar to a consonant in English.
________________________
Learn to open your mouth wide without twisting your lips to make the final "a" sound. You can practice with the word: 阿姨 (āyí) = aunt ________________________
Teacher Ellie also introduces the initial "b". You can practice by pronouncing the word: 爸爸 (bàba) = dad / father.
________________________
If you want to practice both sounds together, try saying the following words along with Ellie: 巴黎 (Bālí) = Paris. 芭蕾 (bālěi) = ballet 八卦 (bāguà) = gossip ________________________
You can practice your Chinese speaking and get some personalized feedback by signing up for a Free Trial Lesson with one of our teachers in China today!