#A Companion to Western Historical Thought

[sieclesetcieux]

A useful book on how history was written through the ages in the Western world:

This will be useful for my future historiography post, also I'm putting it on my summer reading list I guess:

A Companion to Western Historical Thought

Editor(s): Lloyd Kramer, Sarah Maza

First published: 1 January 2002

About this book:

This broad survey introduces readers to the major themes, figures, traditions and theories in Western historical thought, tracing its evolution from biblical times to the present.

Surveys the evolution of historical thought in the Western World from biblical times to the present day.

Provides students with the background to contemporary historical debates and approaches.

Serves as a useful reference for researchers and teachers.

Includes chapters by 24 leading historians.

Table of contents:

Introduction: The Cultural History of Historical Thought by Lloyd Kramer and Sarah Maza, p. 1-12 PART I: THE PRE-MODERN ORIGINS OF WESTERN HISTORICAL THOUGHT

Historiography in Ancient Israel by John Van Seters, p. 15-34

Historical Thought in Ancient Greece by Philip A. Stadter, p. 35-59

Historical Thought in Ancient Rome by J. E. Lendon, p. 60-77

Historical Thought in Medieval Europe by Gabrielle M. Spiegel, p. 78-98

Historical Thought in the Renaissance by Paula Findlen, p. 99-120 PART II: THE SHAPING OF MODERN WESTERN HISTORICAL THOUGHT

Historical Thought in the Era of the Enlightenment by Johnson Kent Wright, p. 123-142

German Historical Thought in the Age of Herder, Kant, and Hegel by Harold Mah, p. 143-165

German Historical Writing from Ranke to Weber: The Primacy of Politics by Harry Liebersohn, p. 166-184

National History in the Age of Michelet, Macaulay, and Bancroft by Thomas N. Baker, p. 185-204

Marxism and Historical Thought by Walter L. Adamson, p. 205-222 PART III: PATTERNS IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY WESTERN HISTORICAL THOUGHT

The Professionalization of Historical Studies and the Guiding Assumptions of Modern Historical Thought by Georg G. Iggers, p. 225-242

The History of Armed Power, by Peter Paret, p. 243-261

Total History and Microhistory: The French and Italian Paradigms by David A. Bell, p. 262- 276

Anthropology and the History of Culture by William M. Reddy, p. 277-296

The History of Science, Or, an Oxymoronic Theory of Relativistic Objectivity by Ken Alder, p. 297-318

Language, Literary Studies, and Historical Thought by Susan A. Crane, p. 319-336

Psychology, Psychoanalysis, and Historical Thought by Lynn Hunt, p. 337-356

Redefining Historical Identities: Sexuality, Gender, and the Self by Carolyn J. Dean, p. 357-371

Historicizing Natural Environments: The Deep Roots of Environmental History Andrew C. Isenberg, p. 372-389 PART IV: CHALLENGES TO THE BOUNDARIES OF WESTERN HISTORICAL THOUGHT

The New World History by Jerry H. Bentley, p. 393-416

Postcolonial History by Prasenjit Duara, p. 417-431

The Multicultural History of Nations by Donna R. Gabaccia, p. 432-446

New Technologies and Historical Knowledge by James M. Murray, p. 447-465

The Visual Media and Historical Knowledge by Robert A. Rosenstone, p. 466-481

#historiography #reading list #summer 2022 reading list #A Companion to Western Historical Thought #sarah maza

[gortashs-skidmark]

Tieflings DnD - variations for the fanfic writers and artists!! -

There’s a lot about tieflings on the internet. THESE ARE CANON, except for one thought i put in.

If you’re gonna do BG3 fanfics about Tieflings, please please please consider adding some spice with origin lore and CANON facts about their race :) it would be SO fun!

Pls I need more zevlor fanfic too.

UPDATE: I color coded a bit, and added some more facts, mostly political which explain some of our beloved tiefling's backgrounds. Orange; Canon Historical Events, Abilities, Bodily Facts, and Bloodlines. It means i think you should look into it.

Pink: I think it's cute. Red; Warning, Comment Purple; Headcanon (only one of them)

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- Tieflings are prone to bad luck, because of the Curse of Aasimar.

- Planar Proverb “don’t ever make a bet with a Tiefling” hey I already made one with Lakrissa.

- They’re arcanally gifted, most of them. Zariel Tieflings are much better melee fighters.

.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.

- Tielfling Blood; is tainted from the hells so they could have human parents. Be descendants of demon, devils, evil deities, night hags, and succubus!

- i know y’all love aphrodisiac fanfics, succubus spittle is exactly what you need dawg. Someone make me a fanfic including succubus heritage.

- along with that, Tieflings are unable to breed with anyone except humans or other Tieflings. Literally. They can be Tiefling or human.

- Usually there is some tell to if they’re Zariel, Asmodeus, Mephistopheles by birth mark, or traits like cat eyes, or night hags bloodlines have red eyes without pupils or scelaras

EDIT: I thought the flaming pupils were cat-like slit eyes in the game, but Karlach does indeed have regular slits!

- Tieflings can be male, female, or without gender. It is a canon fact. A win for my gender struggling homies.

- They can have green, blue, purple, pink, yellow, red skin tones. With dark hair colors only like black, purple, dark red and blue. I don’t care for this, genes be gene-ing so have any color you want.

Mephestopheles is recorded as to having blue skin, pale blue whites and red eyes, soot black scales, with large wings in the 2nd Manual. BUT in a 3e version he is described having red skin, bat wings, being 9ft, with white eyes, and slick black hair. Both of these are present in Mephestophic Bloodlines in BG3. Raphael is the son, though cambion, is red.

Asmodeus rules the Nine Hells. Mephestopheles being his archduke, only rules the 8th layer. Asmodeus has a humanoid, and a scale-fiend version of himself. He's red, slim, 13ft tall, horned, vibrant red eyes, and a neatly trimmed beard. He is Lawful-Evil.

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The Blood War (where Karlach escaped) is described as a "philosophical war" and which kind of evil would rule. Asmodeus plays a part but didn't start it, it's rooted in ancient Hell conflicts. Asmodeus claimed it was a senselessly bloody conflict from a militia standpoint. He really hates it, he's not a fan of it. INFERNAL POLITICS ARE FUCKING COMPLICATED. look into it :)

Zevlor was a Hellrider or Rider of Elturel! a Cavalry unit for Elturel during the 14th and 15th century. They ride horseback, and use spears and bows. They're well reguarded!! Zevlor should have more pride in himself for his service, being a refugee isn't his fault, or The Descent.

In the late 1400's striving for Paladin Knighthood in the Order of Companion was a rank of Hell rider. Before and after the year 1494, you could be a Paladin and join freely.

The Order of Companions was an Elturel, of Western Heartland, theocratic realm of Paladin Knighthood. It's just a region of Paladins that are highly reguarded. They typically worship Tyr, Torm, Helm, and Aumanator.

They kept order in the high capital of Elturel, preserving local civilization from outer destruction. They're super Lawful Good.

Typically an Oath of Devotion or an Oath of the Crown.

"For a City Guard, they outmatched the armies of the Whole Realm" - Forgotten Wiki Realms

They guard general land, they aren't really police, and can escort as far as Waterdeep if privileged to. It is a job they hold for life. I FUYCKING LOVE HELLRIDERS.

Shortly after Elturel’s descent into Avernus, the Tieflings were blamed for the fall, and expelled from the city entirely. Zevlor and any tiefling hellrider’s title has been stripped from them. Any hellrider’s were arrested at The Gate. And the reputation of tieflings sunk even lower.

Badlurian’s are Elturian’s rivals but Duke Ravenguard was tricked into coming to Elturel for politics and ended up helping and sending in troops to help fight. He’s extra important! I might find Wyll, all though lovely, useless, his father is very brave and noble and amazing for what he does.

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- Tieflings can have feathers! Although rare. They can have fur, scales, or be bald like humans. They can be any variation of sorts!

- A more common portrayal of tieflings, is having solid colored eyes, whites and irises the same color. They can be black, red, silver, gold, or white.

- Tieflings are technically minorities and don’t live in the highest neighborhoods. It gives them an even worse reputation.

- Most of the Tieflings with famous status, also give bad reps. Climbing their way to the top in corruption.

- When Tieflings get nervous, experience anxiety, or are upset. They’re known to wrap their tails around their leg!! Super telling.

- They can use their tail like a monkey, very dexterous about it. It’s about 5-6ft long.

- Their ages, weight, height. All similar to humans. Idk how logical that is with 5 extra feet of meat behind them. Sometimes they can live longer, to about 120-150 years old.

- Tieflings can look just like humans. Though they can have their hellish features, those with strong hellish features are often killed at birth out of disgust.

- They can also have legs of a goat, tail akin to a horse or a lizard.

- Tieflings can be really good at thieving, hiding, and deceit.

- their diet consists of meat, marrow, gristle, fat, and bones. They’re highly carnivorous. They even eat roasted insects.

- Many worship Besheba, the goddess of bad luck, finding similarities in them and their goddess.

.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.

- Tieflings are as sensitive as humans, same hearing. They usually have dark vision. And their body temperatures can be colder or warmer than humans depending on their type of tainted blood. --Mephistopheles blood lines are from the frozen layer of hell, maybe their blood is colder.

- They don’t purr, sorry girlies. They’re closer to humans than Tabaxis or Driders.

- Tieflings don’t regrow horns unless they’re still young, though they do tend to file them down.

- They have a natural unsettling aura about them. Even if their heritage is unknown to others, it makes people uncomfortable. They also can smell of sulphur.

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- There are so many Tieflings bloodlines. I love the Babau Tieflings bc they’re already known as uncanny creatures-- Babau Tieflings are gaunt and skinny, darker skin, and a small horn coming from the back of their head.

- Marilith Tieflings are known to be seductive- more than they already are, and have dark hair. They have snake-like half-bodies and have grey tongues.

- Succubus Tieflings! They’re like the ones you see in bg3, often have a small set of wings.

- Tieflings can have so many fucking variations it makes me dizzy.

- Tieflings can have bat-like wing shaped ears, that perk up and shit. I know yall think about ear movements. <zevlor has this>

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Edit: Ya'll loved this :) I can do another on Tiefling politics if ya'll want. Or more bloodlines and fun facts if you want.

I have built another list of Canon facts about Driders and Kar'niss Headcanons if you monster fuckers are interested!!

Currently in the works; He Who Was Headcanons and Shadar'Kai canon facts and events.

#bg3 #baldur's gate 3 #bg3 tiefling #bg3 zevlor #bg3 rolan #bg3 dammon #karlach #bg3 fanfiction #bg3 fanart

[coinandcandle]

Familiar Spirits and The Witches' Familiar - Coin's Notes

What is a familiar, and how do they fit into modern magic?

Definition

Familiars are spirits that act as assistants or guides to magic users, helping them with domestic and/or magical duties.

Familiars were and sometimes still are classified as a type of demonic spirit that often take the form of an animal, mostly thought to be cats, dogs, toads, and hares.

They are thought to help witches or magic users in domestic areas as well as in their magical affairs. Familiars can take on any color or shape.

In the 17th century, Familiars were more likely to be called “Imps”!

Etymology

The word Familiar comes from the Latin familiaris meaning "of or belonging to the family". Familiaris may come from the Latin word famulus meaning "slave" or "servant".

As far as we know, the first usage of the word in the context of witchcraft is attested from the 1560s. Before this, it was used as a noun meaning “familiar friend”.

History

The idea of familiars being a witch’s helper spirit was especially strong in the 17th century when King James I wrote about them in his book titled Daemonologie in which he talks about witches and their supposed "relations" with the devil.

This belief was most popular in East Anglian Europe and was scarcely found elsewhere during the witch trials.

The first recorded witch trial to reference a familiar in witchcraft is that of Dame Alice Kyteler, in 1324 (Wright 1833, p. 2) but it would be two centuries later that the idea of the witch's familiar took off.

Margaret Alice Murray talks about two different kinds of familiars The Witch-Cult in Western Europe: "those by which the witch divined and those who attended on the witch to obey her commands." *

Many historical accounts that we have regarding the confessions of supposed witches were likely falsified since the people being accused were under duress as they were being tortured. This doesn’t mean all historical accounts of Familiars are false, but we should take them with a grain of salt.

Most of the time those accused of witchcraft and of having "familiars" were lonely or isolated folks, likely older in age, that would talk to the animals probably similar to how we speak to our pets now.

However, keeping animals as pets wasn't too popular among the working class, and relationships with animals that were more than a farmer and his stock were seen as unnatural.

Cunning folk practices were said to involve familiars as well, though were often thought to be different than the witch’s “demonic” familiar and were sometimes referred to as the “fae” or “fairy” familiar in literature.

Side Note: We can’t talk about familiars without talking about demons!

“The noun meaning 'demon, evil spirit that answers one's call' is from the 1580s (familiar spirit is attested from 1560s); earlier as a noun it meant "a familiar friend" (late 14c.). The Latin plural, used as a noun, meant ‘the slaves,’ also ‘a friend, intimate acquaintance, companion.’ The usual ancient Greek sense, ‘supernatural agent or intelligence lower than a god, ministering spirit’ is attested in English from the 1560s and is sometimes written daemon or daimon for purposes of distinction. Meaning ‘destructive or hideous person’ is from the 1610s; as ‘an evil agency personified’ (rum, etc.) from 1712.” (etymologyonline)

Famous Familiars

Familiar spirits were confessed to during the witch trials of Huntingdon. Two of their names were Greedigut and Grissel and they were given to the witch in spirit form by a demon who went by the name Blackeman. They were said to look like black dogs with hoglike, bristled hair on their back. -> It was said that they would do whatever their master requested and when they were not given a task would attack or rob passersby.

Agathion is a type of Familiar demonic spirit that can appear as an animal or a man. Once bound as a familiar it will live inside a ring or talisman of some sort. They were said to only appear at midday or to be most powerful at midday.

Sybacco was the familiar to the Comte de Corasse, the Comte de Foix, and Adriano Lemmi. Described as having bull horns and three eyes on his forehead, he is under the command of the demon Botiz.

Thomas "Tom" Reid was said to be the Familiar of Bessie Dunlop of Scotland, who was tried in 1576. Tom was described as the spirit of a soldier as well as an honest, elderly man. Tom told Bessie that he lived in Elfhame with the fae.

Boye was Prince Rupert’s dog that some believed to be his familiar due to their closeness and Boye’s tagging along during the British Civil War, though this was likely a smear campaign against the prince.

Similarities and Comparisons

Fylgr, a Norse guardian or “follower” spirit, was attached to a person related to their fate. These were often only seen by those with the ability to see the supernatural. In some cases, they would foretell the death of the person they followed but they weren’t inherently a sign of death.

Ancient Romans had genii that fall under the “helpful spirit” category, such as Lares Familiares which were household deities or spirits that were guardians of the family.

The Greeks believed in daimons which refer to supernatural beings between men and gods, such as minor gods or spirits of dead heroes. -> Some believed you could have personal daimons that acted as guides, guardians, or spiritual companions. Socrates was said to have a personal daimon, see: De Genio Socratis.

Fetches, historically considered bad omens, are now sometimes seen as a servitor spirit with a time limit that a person creates for a specific purpose. The Fetch will disappear once their task is completed or they’ve been dismissed. (pg 63-66 Barbarous Words) -> Originally, fetches were seen as a sort of spectral doppelganger, and seeing one foretold the death of the person they took the shape of.

Familiars in Modern Magic

Not dissimilar to their old definition, Familiars are seen as spirits that aid and guide witches. They are teachers, helpers, and companions.

Familiars can teach you magic, help with spells, or perform tasks for you.

They are not a pet. Treat a Familiar the way you’d treat a colleague or even a friend.

Divination is a great way to contact familiars. If you've done spirit work before then it's similar to contacting any other spirit.

Familiars are usually seen as a contractual spirit relationship.

Enjoy my posts? Consider leaving me a tip on my ko-fi!~

Resources and References

On Familiars Familiar - Britannica Etymology of Familiar - Etymology Online Notes on Familiars by Early Modern Whale Guardian spirits or Demonic Pets by James A Serpell CunningFolk and Familiar Spirits by Emma Wilby Paltrie Vermin, Cats, Mise, Toads, and Weasils: Witches, Familiars, and Human-Animal Interactions in the English Witch Trials. by Helen Parish

On the Witch Trials Witch Persecutions edited by George L. Burr. Malleus Maleficarum or The Witch’s Hammer by Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger The Witch-Cult in Western Europe by Margaret Murray  Daemonologie by King James I

*Note: While her witch-cult theory has been thoroughly debunked, Murray helped shape modern witchcraft whether she meant to or not and as such her texts are worth a read.

Misc Encyclopedia of Demons in World Religions and Cultures by Theresa Bane The Folklore of Isle of Man ch. III by A. W. Moore Barbarous Words: A compendium of Conjurations, British folk magic, and other Popish charms by George Hares The Witch’s Familiar and the Fairy in Early modern England and Scottland

#familiars #witchblr #witch history #witchcraft #familiar spirits #coin's notes

[sangahnomiya]

little known fact (I have literally only ever yapped abt this to 5 people) but ever since I watched the donghua of cinderella chef last year, I've been brainstorming a crossover AU with apothecary diaries, yona of the dawn and snow white with the red hair.

(will it ever get written? ONLY GOD KNOWS but I'm dumping my brainrot here anyway)

the cast of characters:

yaoyao and chunyu (cinderella chef)

maomao and jinshi (apothecary diaries)

shirayuki and obi (snow white with the red hair)

yona and hak (yona of the dawn)

other characters who appear in this AU (even if I haven't worked out what they do yet), bc you should not separate them ever: ryuu (AnS), and the happy hungry bunch (YotD)

the team dynamics:

in my HC shirayuki is the oldest of the group and seems (SEEMS) to be the most level-headed, while maomao and yaoyao are definitely evenly matched in levels of unhinged. yaoyao is canonically around 18-19, so she's most likely the second oldest

yona is the youngest at 16. however, she is also the only one of the group with a kill count. naturally the older girls are somewhat concerned but they're supportive anyway, and maomao later on offers to help make poison for yona's arrows. (it's her way of showing friendship)

yaoyao is the only one of them who's ACTUALLY married, and so she probably assumes that the other girls are also married to their respective tall, dark, handsome companions. shirayuki's avoiding eye contact, yona is flustered, and maomao... is not amused.

yaoyao and maomao are the kitchen powerhouse duo. if they combine their forces with yoon, then they become truly unstoppable

yona and shirayuki are definitely mistaken for the other girl by multiple people, due to their red hair (and dark-haired bodyguards/love interests). this could lead to a case of mistaken identity where shirayuki gets chased by soldiers bc they mistook her for yona, who's a fugitive

when the four girls get absolutely caught up in brainstorming a plan, the four guys have no choice but to trail after them and wait it out till they're done. obi is the most used to this behaviour from shirayuki while she works so he's already accustomed to it, and hak knows yona well enough to know that she'll explain it to him after, but chunyu and jinshi are still somewhat baffled. sucks to be them lol

like shirayuki, obi is the oldest out of the four guys and he takes care of them in his own way. big brother obi to the rescue!!!!!

the worldbuilding:

I will not lie, I only thought of this AU bc I wanted to put yaoyao and maomao together and have their nicknames be xiaoyao and xiaomao. but like everything else I start bc of something ridiculous, I ended up thinking way too much abt it so here's what I got so far

geographically speaking obiyuki would be coming from the west (AnS is set in a European-styled setting), while maomao and yaoyao would technically be in the same area. if we're going off of the assumption that yotd is set in pseudo-korea, then the kingdom of kouka would probably an ocean away from the empire of Li.

given the settings, it's not uncommon for foreigners to pass through Li, and since obiyuki canonically travel around n stuff they would probably pass through Li at least once

in terms of timeline, I'm very, VERY ROUGHLY guesstimating that cinderella chef and yotd were set in around the same time period (western jin dynasty in China, and the three kingdoms period in Korea).

emphasis on the rough guesstimate bc the show never explicitly mentions at what point in the past she's sent to, so I'm making do with what I can gather from the style of clothing and the architecture used in the setting. but I can only do so much since the show took quite the artistic liberty with historical events and other things like that

on the other hand, the apothecary diaries APPEARS to be set in 15th century China, but it's also not confirmed either so yes. this is fine. [strained smile]

so yeah! that's all I got for now JSJSJFHG I really want to write this AU but first I've got to pin down the dates and historical time periods bc my brain is weird like that. hope you enjoyed 🫶🏼

#snow white with the red hair #akagami no shirayukihime #akagami no shirayuki #obiyuki #the apothecary diaries #apothecary diaries #kusuriya no hitorigoto #jinmao #cinderella chef #adorable food goddess #chunyao #chunyu x yaoyao #yona of the dawn #akatsuki no yona #hakyona #not hakyona and obiyuki having basically the same poses LOL #ngl I don't like chunyu too much w yaoyao and that's why we're fixing him in this AU #giving him the character development he DESERVES #he will grovel

[patroclusdefencesquad]

OH YES. *checks notes*

for historical queerness, I'd recommend are KJ Charles, Cat Sebastian (they write more m/ms though), and E.E Ottoman (they're novels are a trans delight; The Companion is so.) I also read and loved Infamous by Lex Croucher (the author of Gwen and Art are not in love!!!). Also Alexis Hall (particularly A Lady For a Duke, it's so good!!!), who is very funny. Also Neil Blackmore, whose writing is decent. ALSO (this is the final one, I promise!!!) Molly House by A. R. Pip. I really should not have read it when I did, because it hit me like a ton of bricks. I plan to reread it someday.

For more modern stuff, I'd recommend Anita Kelly (though I've only read one book of hers, but it was great). I was confused half of the time of my reading of After Sappho, which is a compilation of the stories of historic sapphics (I'm pretty sure?). For non-Western queer stories I enjoyed Under The Udala Trees (which, heavy TW), Cupid Calling and Finding Joy (I do have more than slight beef will the the author of aforementioned book, namely the demonization of corsets, but it doesn't come up in the book for obvious reasons). I've also heard good things about Vagabonds! (the exclamation mark is part of the title)

I feel like I should apologize for sending a long ask,but I know there's no need to, and I have to add a closing remark anyways, so this is a compromise. Have fun reading!!!

thank you so much! i will keep these in mind when i finish what I'm reading at the minute!

after sappho i think i keep seeing in the bookshop? i always pick it up because i see "sappho" and then i read the blurb and get confused as to what it's about, and your description doesn't sound like what i thought it was so i really have no idea lmao, maybe i'll give it a shot after all!

#el asks

[blairstales]

Second Sight

Second-Sight (taisch) is commonly used to refer to an ability to see a future death. This is usually an ability someone is gifted or born with.

“This receptive faculty, for power it cannot be called, is neither voluntary nor constant. The appearances have no dependence upon choice; they cannot be summoned, detained, or recalled–the impression is sudden, and the effect often painful.” A JOURNEY TO THE WESTERN ISLANDS OF SCOTLAND by Samuel Johnson(1775)

Most often, the person has no control when the visions occur, or what the subject is. Due to their often morbid nature, the ability is often described as “unwanted.”

“Closely connected with death is the curious superstition about Second-sight, because it is with reference to death that its visions almost always occur.” The Folk-Lore of the Isle of Man by A. W. Moore[1891]

Sometimes, this vision of death is simply just seeing a copy of yourself. This copy could die in front of you (showing you how it will happen) or simply be there to warn you that death is soon to come.

“A woman in Skye frequently saw a double of herself walking close by her. To make sure that it was her own double, she went out on different days in different articles of dress, which she found to be exactly copied by her spectral companion. This was, of course, regarded as a warning of her speedy death.” The misty isle of Skye : Its scenery, It’s people, Its story” by Eneas Mackay, Stirling, (1927)

Second-sight does not always have to be grim, though. Sometimes, it simply involved being able to see invisible fairies or ghosts. For example, in one story by Lewis Spence in The magic arts in Celtic Britain (1874), a young man heard fairy music one night, and was invited by the fairies to dance and drink with them. He was allowed to depart, and was gifted with the sight from then on.

“He boasted of having seen and conversed with several of his earthly acquaintances whom the fairies had taken and admitted as “‘brothers’’. The magic arts in Celtic Britain by Spence, Lewis, 1874-1955

This fairy and death connection might seem strange, but historically, the fairy realm and the realm of the dead were both thought to exist beyond the veil in The Otherworld. So, it would make sense that an ability connected to the dead may also hold a connection to the fairy world as well.

#fairy sight #second sight #secondsight #scottish folklore #scottishfolklore #scottishmythology #fairy #fairies #fae #FairyBasics #Folkmagic

[gossamerashes]

𝐋𝐀𝐘𝐄𝐑 𝐎𝐍𝐄: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐎𝐔𝐓𝐒𝐈𝐃𝐄.  

Name:  Wolfram Alexander Marx

Eye color:  Cold, light grey

Hair style / color: Grey/Silver. Undercut; short on top, sheered on the sides.

Height:  6’3”

Clothing style: Practical. Utilitarian. Gambesons, leather boots and spats. Dark, leather gloves. Fabrics that are matte and subdued in nature; less likely to reflect light, better to meld into the shadows.

Best physical feature:  Subject to who is doing the looking. His features are chiseled and strongly masculine. His stature is strong, large, and broad.

𝐋𝐀𝐘𝐄𝐑 𝐓𝐖𝐎: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐈𝐍𝐒𝐈𝐃𝐄.  

Your fears: “Failure.” A pause, then – “Being forgotten.”

Your guilty pleasure: “Fruit. Strawberries, in particular.” A tame answer, but it is an indulgence nonetheless.

Your ambitions for the future: "See to it that my Lord’s mission meets with fruition."

𝑻𝑯𝑶𝑼𝑮𝑯𝑻𝑺.  

Your first thoughts waking up: He considers the ache in his left knee, the lingering tightness along his shoulders and back. Minor discomforts, and those that will fade as his muscles warm up from movement, but that they exist at all indicates that his years are finally catching up to him.

What you think about most: “The mission at hand; ending the spread of the blight before the next Ashfall.” (Visions of roots crawling over him, spreading through his veins; nightmares of an end he cannot fathom.)

What you think about before bed: “My tasks for oncoming day.”  

What you think your best quality is: “I am a difficult man to kill.”

𝑾𝑯𝑨𝑻’𝑺 𝑩𝑬𝑻𝑻𝑬𝑹?  

Single or group dates: “Single.”

To be loved or respected: “If I cannot have both, then neither.”

Beauty or brains: “Same answer as before.”

Dogs or cats: “Hm. Cats, if I had to choose. More self-reliant.”

𝑫𝑶 𝒀𝑶𝑼…  

Lie: “Yes, when needs must.”

Believe in yourself: “Yes.”

Believe in love: “A pretty thought, that.” He pauses. “For some, yes. For others? No.”

Want someone: His features school into a forced neutrality. He does not answer. He does not say, ‘Always.’

𝑬𝑽𝑬𝑹 𝑩𝑬𝑬𝑵…  

Been on stage: “No.” Arenas, yes. Tournament grounds, yes. Stages? No.

Done drugs: “Rarely…by my own volition.”

Changed who you were to fit in: “To keep the peace, yes.”

𝑭𝑨𝑽𝑶𝑹𝑰𝑻𝑬𝑺.  

Favorite color: “Blue, like the waters that feed from a glacier.”

Favorite animal: “Ah. Hm.” Horses, he thinks. They are practical. Useful.  “Ravens,” he says instead.

Favorite movie: In the modern verse, likely Clint Eastwood westerns.

Favorite book: “Historical non-fiction.”

Favorite game: “If you can consider it as such; I enjoy a good hunt.”

𝑨𝑮𝑬.  

Day your next birthday will be: “Winter.” The season is all he is willing to offer.

How old will you be: “…” It takes him a moment. “It will be my two-hundredth and seventy-sixth year.”

Age you lost your virginity: “Fourteen.”

𝑰𝑵 𝑨 𝑷𝑬𝑹𝑺𝑶𝑵.  

Best personality: “Hard to say.” Wolfram eventually offers, “Learned. Confident. Mature.” His shoulders roll in a lazy shrug.

Best eye color: “Subjective.” It matters who the belong to, he does not say. Instead, he offers, “Brown. Doe-brown. Honey-brown.” Warm. Dark. And in their way, comforting.

Best hair color: “Dark hair.”

Best thing to do with a partner: “Depends on the partner.” Depends on what they are willing to do, he considers. “Sitting in companionable silence, perhaps.” There’s a wry note to his tone, a barely-there tug at the edges of his mouth.

𝑭𝑰𝑵𝑰𝑺𝑯 𝑻𝑯𝑬 𝑺𝑬𝑵𝑻𝑬𝑵𝑪𝑬.  

I love: “Things and people I ought not to.”

I feel: “Tired. Hungry.” Empty.

I hide: “What needs to be hidden.”

I miss: “Home.”

I wish: “That the Fates, one day, decide to be kind.”

tagged by: @magioffire

tagging: whoever is feeling it!

#dash games #ch: wolfram

[bloseroseone]

The English novel, a cornerstone of literature, has captivated readers for centuries. It’s a portal to fantastical worlds, a mirror reflecting our own, and a wellspring of profound emotions. But what lies beyond the captivating narratives and the crisp turning of pages? Delving into the world of English novels unlocks a treasure trove of experiences, from historical insights to the evolution of human thought.

Journeys Through Time and Culture:

English novels transport us across continents and centuries. We can wander the bustling streets of Dickensian London in “Oliver Twist,” grapple with the horrors of war alongside Remarque in “All Quiet on the Western Front,” or lose ourselves in the opulent world of Fitzgerald’s “The Great Gatsby.” Each novel becomes a time capsule, offering a glimpse into the social norms, political climates, and cultural nuances of its era. By experiencing these bygone eras through the eyes of fictional characters, we gain a deeper understanding of the human story and the forces that have shaped our world.

The Evolution of Storytelling in English Novels

The history of the English novel itself is a fascinating narrative. From the picaresque adventures of the 18th century exemplified by “Tom Jones” to the introspective stream-of-consciousness of Virginia Woolf’s “Mrs. Dalloway,” the form has continuously evolved. Analyzing the changing styles and techniques employed by authors unveils the shifting literary landscape. We witness the rise of realism in the 19th century, the exploration of psychological depth in the 20th century, and the experimentation with postmodern structures in the contemporary world.

The Power of Language in english novels

The English novel isn’t just about plot and character; it’s a symphony of language. Masterful authors wield words like paintbrushes, crafting vivid imagery that ignites our imaginations. From the evocative prose of Jane Austen to the raw honesty of J.D. Salinger, each writer possesses a unique voice, shaping the emotional impact of the story. Studying these techniques allows us to appreciate the beauty and power of language, not just within the context of the novel but also in our own communication.

Characters: Mirrors of Humanity in English Novels

The characters that populate the pages of English novels become more than just names on a page. They are our companions, our confidantes, and sometimes, our moral compasses. We celebrate their triumphs, mourn their losses, and learn from their mistakes. Characters like Elizabeth Bennet’s spirited defiance in “Pride and Prejudice” or the moral ambiguity of Raskolnikov in “Crime and Punishment” challenge our own beliefs and force us to confront the complexities of human nature. By grappling with their choices, we gain a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around us.

The Gateway to Empathy

Stepping into the shoes of a fictional character fosters empathy, a crucial skill in today’s world. Through the lens of the novel, we experience the world from perspectives vastly different from our own. We learn to understand the motivations and emotions of characters who may hold opposing views or come from contrasting backgrounds. This fosters a sense of compassion and tolerance, a valuable lesson that transcends the pages of the book... Continue reading

#books #book publishing #english literature #english novels #literature #self publishing

[archivio-disattivato]

In recent years, Western media has been criticized for its persistence in rehashing negative images of Africa, especially images of war, poverty, and fly-ridden starving children. The notion that there is some political and economic gain for the West in keeping Africa poor is disturbing to many. Chérie Rivers Ndaliko’s new book, Necessary Noise: Music, Film and Charitable Imperialism in the East of Congo, speaks to this problem while foregrounding local artistic production in the midst of a war-torn region. In an engaging ethnographic work, Ndaliko delivers a thought-provoking account of the practice of art as social engagement centered around Yole!Africa, a locally developed arts organization in Goma, a town in the North Kivu province in the east of Congo. Ndaliko positions herself on the frontlines, reporting on the tensions that exist culturally and politically in Congo as the youth, survivors of the war-torn region, struggle to find their voices and identities through militant art i.e. a refusal to subscribe to the pressures of international NGOs and the State in determining their artistic product.

One of the main contributions of the book is the innovative approach to ethnographic writing, in particular, the incorporation of “socially engaged (activist) scholarship.” Ndaliko, from the outset, is critical of international NGOs in the east of Congo who feed off the problems of the war torn-region (poverty, violence and victimhood) in order to advance their own agenda, which ultimately serves Western capitalism. She expounds on the divisiveness of such interventions under the rubric of “charitable imperialism” while tracing these issues through the historical and political condition of the country since 1884. Necessary Noise is organized into four chapters and a Companion Website. The Companion Website is well worth the visit and includes photographs, music and the films discussed in the book. As the music and film are produced by local artists associated with Yole!Africa under the directorship of Congolese filmmaker Petna Ndaliko Katondolo, the audience has the opportunity to engage with scenes of ordinary life in Africa that also depict local agency in addressing particular kinds of social and political issues. Additionally, Ndaliko draws extensively on filmic analytic insight in her discussions of music and film promoting social engagement through art. So, it is helpful to see and hear each creation with its technical points.

Chapter 1, “Art on the Frontline,” documents the inception of Yole!Africa, the brainchild of Congolese filmmaker Petna Ndaliko Katondolo who had successfully set up a similar project while living under asylum in Uganda. Yole!Africa develops as a local resistance movement against the backdrop of tensions that exist between the State and local artists. Based upon the notion of storytelling, Yole!Africa enters the world of artistic expression via music first, which historically had been part of the political currency of politicians to win favor for themselves, and subsequently ventures into film production and finally the integration of both on screen. The youth, aligning themselves with the global hip hop movement, find fuller self-expression in their musical works and also begin to engage with the aesthetics of film production in order to convey their message of resistance without alienating their audience. Chapter 2, “Re-membering Congo,” traces the history of Congo from the most brutal era, the Congo Free State under King Leopold ii of Belgium in 1884, through the Belgian colony, Lumumba, Mobutu and the present generation. The youth at Yole!Africa participate in regular film screenings followed by discussions challenging their notions of a prescribed history and ushering in a new understanding through popular history i.e. a history that attempts to reconstruct and tell the truth about Congo’s past. Ndaliko lays bare the sins of the West for its hand in manipulating and corrupting the Congo for its own economic gain while turning a blind eye to the humanitarian crisis in the Congo where over ten million people died, noticeably halving the population. Chapter 3, “Peacemongers,” unleashes a relevant and poignant critique of international NGOs for their role in the east of Congo. At face value, international NGOs perpetuate the alleviation of suffering through humanitarian aid/projects but a closer look reveals a disparate power dynamic between local communities and international NGOs where the latter undermine local autonomy and agency. The final chapter 4, “Jazz Mamas,” highlights the rampant sexual assault and violence against women in Congo under the guise of collateral damage from the war. Yole!Africa brings together top local artists to write a song addressing the issue of rape. A music video and a documentary capturing a women’s protest against rape is also produced and screened around the country. Ultimately, the first legislation is enacted, which recognizes rape as a crime and not as a weapon of war.

Necessary Noise is a timely ethnographic work that brings the east of Congo into the scholarship on African music. As it engages music textual and filmic analysis for further insight into how art functions as a tool for social engagement and change, it would benefit music and film enthusiasts as well as those engaged in anthropological work, Development studies and African studies. The author leaves no stone unturned in fleshing out critical points relating to film, music, voice, social engagement and power among other aspects. The heavy critique of international NGOs may on the surface appear as one-sided; however, it should be lauded as the willingness of one scholar to tell the naked truth. It is sometimes unclear whether the call to decolonize Africa is falling on deaf ears or not. This author through amplifying the voices of Africans makes a lucid point of the urgency of such decolonization. As a trilingual scholarly work (English, French and Kiswahili), the only minor concern is where some Kiswahili translations could afford to be slightly more accurate. Although the broader meanings of the text are not completely obscured in the translations, for Kiswahili speakers (and learners) there may be some disconnect when reading both the Kiswahili and English translations. Below I’ve highlighted some examples and provided an alternative translation in parenthesis:

Sita taka huyu uchungu tena na.

I don’t want those machine guns again (78) [I don’t want this pain again (and)].

Tuna kosa leo masingira

The wildlife is being polluted (212) [Today our environment is no more]

The word for environment is used primarily in reference to reforestation and conservation efforts but having to do with trees, plants and broadly sustainable farming. Wildlife has a different word: wanyama; wanyama wa porini. Nonetheless, it is interesting to read Kiswahili in its regional grammatical form and colloquial style, which situates the east of Congo nicely on the map of African ethnographies.

- Mumbua Kioko

Mumbua Kioko est ethnomusicologue, travaillant sur la musique et de la danse Sengenya de la région de la côte kenyanne. Sa recherche porte particulièrement sur la rythmique et l’organologie africaines. Elle suit actuellement des études de musicologie à l’université de Princeton.

#archivio #rdc #congo

[whereareroo]

DARWIN AND THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS

WF THOUGHTS (1/22/24).

So far, our geography lessons have taught us that:

1. South America is east of Miami.

2. Ecuador is located in the northwest corner of South America.

3. Ecuador is divided into four geographical regions.

The Galápagos Islands are the most famous Ecuadorian region. They were made famous by Charles Darwin. You probably learned about him in grade school. If you’ve heard about the Galápagos, you can thank Charles Darwin. Our discussion today will focus on the Galápagos Islands.

The Galápagos Islands sit, in the Pacific Ocean, about 600 miles off the western edge of Ecuador. The chain consists of 21 islands and 107 large rocks. The chain is 137 miles long. The chain spans the equator. The islands are small. The combined land mass of the islands is only 3,000 square miles. (That’s about twice the size of Long Island in New York.) The largest island, Isabela, accounts for 2,000 square miles (larger than Long Island) of the combined land mass. The other two sizable islands, Santa Cruz and San Cristobal, are 381 square miles and 215 square miles. Many of the other islands are under one square mile. The chain was created by volcanic eruptions, and eruptions still occur every few years. Small settlements began on the islands in 1832, right after Ecuador took control of the area. The current population of the chain is about 35,000.

The Galápagos Islands were discovered by accident in 1535. An expedition, led by a Bishop from Spain, got lost on the way to Peru. The islands were thought to be uninhabitable. In the 1600s and 1700s, they were used by pirates who persistently attacked shipping traffic associated with the nearby Spanish and Portuguese colonies.

Nothing of note happened on the Galápagos Islands until Darwin arrived for a five week visit in 1835. He was part of a British expedition that was mapping the coast of South America. Darwin wasn’t a surveyor or cartographer. He was a geologist and biologist. He spent his time studying rocks, fossils, animals and plants. He noticed that the animals, especially the birds, had particular features that were unique to their particular island. That started Darwin down the path towards his famous “Theory of Evolution” and the concept of the “Survival of the Fittest.” You probably learned about that stuff in high school. Darwin kept working on those issues until 1859, when he published the historic book entitled “On The Origin Of Species.”

To this day, the Galápagos Islands are famous for species of animals that don’t exist anywhere else. There are unique birds, lizards, and iguanas. The most famous native animals are the giant tortoises. “Galapagos” is the Spanish word for turtle.

Charles Darwin will always be linked to the Galápagos Islands. Scientists are still studying his journals and work papers. He was a strange character. His papers include some amusing passages. In 1838, he became ill and he went to the English countryside to recuperate. He stayed with relatives. He fell in love with a cousin named Emma. His work papers include a chart evaluating the costs and benefits of marriage. There is a chart that compares “Marry” and “Not Marry.” An entry under “Marry” states “constant companion and a friend in old age. . . .better than a dog anyhow.” The “Not Marry” entries included “less money for books” and “terrible loss of time.” Darwin made a mistake by leaving those notes where the researchers would find them. Even geniuses make mistakes!

Darwin ultimately married his cousin Emma. They were married for 43 years. They had 10 children. The kids were not a healthy bunch. Two of them died as infants. A third died at the age of 10. The 10th child, born when Emma was 48, had Down’s Syndrome. Darwin was an expert in natural selection. He always feared that the sickliness of his children was related to inbreeding with his cousin. Darwin died in 1882 at the age of 73. He is buried in Westminster Abbey next to Issac Newton.

You now know about Charles Darwin and the Galápagos Islands. What will we learn next? Stay tuned. Isn’t this fun?

[waterbabym]

Emotions seem to flow through our animal companions just as freely as they do through us. But here’s the twist: pets don’t feel emotions. And before you find yourselves defending a hill marked MY CAT LOVES ME, it’s not just pets. Humans don’t feel emotions, either. Emotions are just a bunch of feelings that English-speaking Westerners put in a box around two hundred years ago. Emotions are a modern idea—a cultural construction. The notion that feelings are something that happens in the brain was invented in the early nineteenth century.

According to linguist Anna Wierzbicka, there’s only one word about feelings that’s directly translatable from one language to another: feel. But what you can feel goes far beyond what’s usually thought of as emotion: there’s physical pain, hunger, warmth or cold, and the sensation of touching something. In the English language alone, various terms have been used at various points in history to describe certain types of feelings. We’ve had temperaments (the way people’s feelings make them behave), passions (feelings felt first in the body that affect the soul), and sentiments (the feelings you get when you see something beautiful or someone acting immorally). We’ve left most of these historical ideas behind, replacing them with a single catchall term that describes a certain type of feeling processed in the brain: emotion. The problem is that it’s difficult to pin down the types of feelings that do and don’t constitute emotions. There are almost as many definitions of emotions as there are people studying them. Some include hunger and physical pain; others don’t. The concept of “emotions” isn’t true, and the notion of “passions” isn’t false. “Emotion” is just a newer box. A box with poorly defined edges, I might add.

—Richard Firth-Godbehere, A Human History of Emotion: How the Way We Feel Built the World We Know

#language #emotions #emotion #feeling #read #reading #now reading #reader #quote #book #mental health #wellbeing #healing #books #words

[superstoregreys]

Earth firmament

In response to the concerning trend we see here, this article will focus on some of the Bible verses most frequently referenced by Christian proponents of the flat earth theory. For Christians who claim that the Earth is flat, a single Bible verse is considered superior to any number of scientific arguments. Unfortunately, it has been noted that many Christians have become swept up in this trend, using shaky theology to argue their points. Denver Radio / YouTube Debate on the Firmament between well-known creationist and atheist opponents.Against the background of declining confidence in the elites-be they political, religious or scientific-the flat earth theory has lately been revived and promoted by a wave of fake news and misinformation that circulates on social media.Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Firmament. Hellenization Revisited: Shaping a Christian Response Within the Greco-Roman World. The Lost World of Adam and Eve: Genesis 2-3 and the Human Origins Debate. Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament: Introducing the Conceptual World of the Hebrew Bible. Time and History in the Ancient Near East: Proceedings of the 56th Recontre Assyriologique Internationale at Barcelona, 26–30 July 2010. "Time Before Time: Primeval Narratives in Early Mesopotamian Literature". Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. in Campbell, Joseph Keim O'Rourke, Michael Silverstein, Harry. Heaven and earth in the Gospel of Matthew. Dictionary of Latin and Greek Theological Terms. Creation in Jewish and Christian Tradition. in Hoffman, Yair Reventlow, Henning Graf. When the Gods Were Born: Greek Cosmogonies and the Near East. Creation and Cosmology: A Historical and Comparative Inquiry. The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Religion. Heaven and Earth in Ancient Greek Cosmology: From Thales to Heraclides Ponticus. Creation ex nihilo : Origins, Development, Contemporary Challenges. "Creatio ex Nihilo in the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible". The Blackwell Dictionary of Western Philosophy. The Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy. Creation, Un-Creation, Re-Creation: A Discursive Commentary on Genesis 1–11. The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion. Reading the Old Testament: An Introduction to the Hebrew Bible. Dictionary of Nature Myths: Legends of the Earth, Sea, and Sky. Planets, Stars, and Orbs: The Medieval Cosmos, 1200-1687. After Galileo began using a telescope to examine the sky it became harder to argue that the heavens were perfect, as Aristotelian philosophy required, and by 1630 the concept of solid orbs was no longer dominant. Tycho Brahe's studies of the nova of 1572 and the Comet of 1577 were the first major challenges to the idea that orbs existed as solid, incorruptible, material objects, and in 1584 Giordano Bruno proposed a cosmology without a firmament: an infinite universe in which the stars are actually suns with their own planetary systems. This became the dominant model in the Classical and Medieval world-view, and even when Copernicus placed the Sun at the centre of the system he included an outer sphere that held the stars (and by having the earth rotate daily on its axis it allowed the firmament to be completely stationary). Around the 4th to 3rd centuries BCE the Greeks, under the influence of Aristotle who argued that the heavens must be perfect and that a sphere was the perfect geometrical figure, exchanged this for a spherical Earth surrounded by solid spheres. The ancient Hebrews, like all the ancient peoples of the Near East, believed the sky was a solid dome with the Sun, Moon, planets and stars embedded in it. The caption underneath the engraving (not shown here) translates to "A medieval missionary tells that he has found the point where heaven and Earth meet." The Flammarion engraving (1888) depicts a man crawling under the edge of the sky, depicted as if it were a solid hemisphere, to look at the mysterious Empyrean beyond.

#Earth firmament

[unrely]

ISABEL SIGLER

“i have not failed. i’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.”                                                                   ― thomas a. edison

BASICS.

name: isabel sigler aliases/nicknames: izzy, iz age: 9 birthday: april 4 gender: cis female pronouns: she/her sexuality: questioning ethnicity: african-american religion: christian (ish)

APPEARANCE.

isabel is a tiny baby at 3'10” (118 cm.) and a mere 37 lbs (17 kg). this is not a healthy weight for her to be at all. she did not have access to a stable source of food after her parents died, causing her growth to be somewhat stunted. she is very skinny and has a tendency to stay that way, even when well-fed. she is not very strong, but she is very fast and dexterous.

isabel has light brown eyes, dark skin and a poof of curly (4A) black hair. how she keeps her hair depends on verse - there are a lot of times when she is on her own and on the run, so her hair can be quite messy. at other times, (usually when she has someone to help her) she will keep her hair in various updos and braids.

she is always wearing clothes that are easy to move around in, but she loves bright colors and dresses, too. her clothes are never clean for more than an hour without her fussing them up.

PERSONALITY.

alignment: chaotic good mbti: enfj-a enneagram: 2w3 so/sp 287 zodiac: aries sun, libra moon, scorpio rising temperament: choleric stereotype: royal, advocate, rebel archetype: the jester

―

bossy, stubborn and short-tempered, izzy is a strong little lady, toughened by life on the streets. she isn't afraid of anything (or so she'll tell you) and reacts aggressively to any threats. to friends, izzy is kind-hearted and selfless, always trying to do the best she can, and determined to achieve any goals thrown her way.

izzy is a friendly and confident little girl. she is passionate & enthusiastic, even in the smallest matters. she is honest to a fault + brave enough to voice her thoughts, occasionally without regard to other people, which may make her come off particularly blunt or judgmental.

despite her faults, she is a charismatic leader. her determination and persistence prove virtuous to those she is loyal to, and her optimistic heart can lift anyone when they’re down.

VERSES.

* i love alternate verses and i can create them in three minutes, if you’re interested in writing in a new verse, please feel free to shoot me a message!

modern verse: izzy’s parents rushed her out the door in the middle of the night and told her to run and she’s been running ever since. her parents are dead, but she refuses to believe it - she’s homeless, and searching for them. foster care verse: secondary modern verse, for if you’re hesitant about letting your muse be in charge of a whole child and would rather she has a parent to answer to. in this verse, she’s in foster care under the watch of my other oc @tserendork​.

western verse: same as the modern, except it’s old fashioned now. this one gets special credits because it’s her original verse.

pirate verse: ofmd based. she’s a little orphan running around, this is just her historical verse but she ends up on a ship. maybe she was recruited to be cabin boy, maybe someone took her in, maybe she’s a stowaway. whatever works for the plot.

daemon verse: kind of a cherry-on-top verse as I can add this to any one of the previous verses. this is from philip pullman’s the golden compass, and simply put, isabel has an animal companion that has been with her since birth and represents a part of her soul. her daemon has not settled- it’s most frequent forms are of a black bear, an australian terrier, and a weasel. his name is cassidy.

OTHER.

fears: the dark. large, intimidating animals. abandonment. conditions: ptsd & c-ptsd. extreme separation anxiety. likes: affection. theater/acting. sheep. pretty dresses. flowers, flowers, flowers dislikes: being called out on a variety of things that she absolutely is. see: her height, her age (she hates being treated like a child), how bossy she is, etc, etc. also, bullies. this translates out of izzy speak to anyone mean or aggressive, even if they could be potentially dangerous. warning: she will fight bullies. languages: english

#; isabel #about; isabel

[sounmashnews]

[ad_1] As Ukraine greets its thirty first 12 months of independence, it finds itself combating a warfare for its existential existence. It isn't of warfare of its selection or of its making and it isn't a results of its belligerence, however a consequence of the imperialistic ambition of its neighbor who can not besides the brand new historic actuality that may quickly redefine the area’s existence. However, Ukraine did make a selection of its personal volition that confirms and defines its independence: It has chosen to withstand Russia’s imperialistic ambitions thus affirming its sovereignty. It selected this fashion at a value that also has not been absolutely enumerated. After six months of warfare that many assumed would final one week, what might be identified for positive is that Ukraine won't below any situations be occupied, submit itself to the political subjugation of Russia or compromise its political sovereignty. This isn't a warfare of independence. Ukraine is an impartial, fashionable European and democratic nation. Regardless of the frequently altering navy scenario on the bottom, Ukraine has already received the warfare towards Russia. For if there may be one truism that's every day revealing itself because it defends itself towards a prison authoritarian and genocidal neighbor, it's for the world to acknowledge that Ukraine won't ever submit itself to the dictates of the Russian world. Period. What stays is for Ukraine to depend its useless, to grieve them, after which return to the work of remodeling its society into a contemporary, dignified and rules-based democratic state. Ukraine’s resistance has upended long-held assumptions in regards to the validity of the precept of “sphere of influence” in a post-Cold War world. Its resistance and sacrifice have earned it the proper to make its personal choices over its sovereignty and the willpower of its nationwide future. It categorically rejects Russia and has chosen “Europe” and the political traditions of democracy. Ukraine isn't Russia and by no means will likely be. It by no means was. Despite a long time, and even centuries, of Russian efforts and Soviet propaganda to distort Ukraine’s distinctive historical past and tradition to affect the pondering of Ukraine as a part of its empire, Ukraine is, by all definitions, a sovereign nation. This is a cussed fact for a lot of, and even for some Westerners, to just accept, however it's, nonetheless true and that which can't be denied. Ukraine’s present-time resistance to Russian ambitions and its willingness to sacrifice on the sector of battle solely additional attests to its willpower. Ukraine won't ever submit itself to the imperial ambitions of Russia. It can not. The values of Ukrainians, most notably their inherent genetic disposition in the direction of freedom, won't enable for this to occur. Ukraine has and can proceed to withstand Putin’s fascism and the Russian navy’s genocidal aggression. on the sector of battle. This can solely harden this reality into the mentality of the Russian thoughts and that of Kyiv’s Western companions. Russia’s conceitedness and its political and financial isolation will in all probability result in its weakening and supreme demise. Its conception of the usage of energy has led to a revelation of the perversity of its energy. This is one more truism that has resulted from Ukraine’s existential critique of Russian chauvinism. Russia is a loss of life tradition and anti-human. In this area, human rights management, modernity and alter, together with pragmatic cultural and financial innovation has at all times emanated from Kyiv. History exhibits that it's Ukraine that determines the grand historical past of the area. This is a historical past that can't be denied. As the warfare ends in Ukraine, it's going to as soon as once more take up the chance to evolve on its historic European course. In successful the warfare, it's going to have developed in its understanding of how

its historical past and worldview will form and finally decide the way forward for this area. Most necessary, it's inside the context of this historic custom that it's going to certainly remodel itself into a contemporary and democratic nation based mostly on the primacy of human dignity and the rule of regulation. Russia has by no means had such traditions and such values are each alien to Russians in regard to their psychology and societal observe. Russians, regardless of their periodic ambitions in the direction of Europe, have at all times revealed that the important nature of their civilization is deeply rooted in Asiatic despotism. Russia has by no means developed into a rustic the place there may be respect for human dignity or the sovereignty of regulation as a foundation for home political rule. Such important elements merely don't exist inside their genes. The proof of that is evident as they try to destroy each a rustic and tradition that aspires to rework itself right into a society the place particular person freedom and the aspirations of its individuals are pointed towards nationwide freedom and sovereign rules-based autonomy. Putin understands this fairly clearly. It is that this that he fears. This is the explanation that he needs to destroy Ukraine. He applies the one mechanism that the tradition of Russia and the remnants of Soviet totalitarianism and authoritarianism enable him, that's; in the event you can not management one thing or somebody, you then destroy it, particularly if it resists. Russia, and Putinism particularly, will not be builders of a society that gives a context for particular person human progress, however are soul and life destroyers, loss of life tradition fans who constantly observe a highway to subjugation, imposing serfdom upon all those that yearn to specific their innate want for freedom and sovereignty. This can be why they bomb hospitals, colleges, and cultural establishments, and kill civilians. They are fearmongers and are liable for the displacement of thousands and thousands. Post-Maidan Ukraine has chosen a path to freedom and as such is perceived as a menace to the current political order and the very existence of Russia as it's now formulated. The Russian Federation has misplaced the philosophical warfare towards Ukraine, it simply doesn’t notice it but. Its nihilism is unable to even humanly justify its validity because it presently capabilities. For Putin and for a majority of Russians, warfare is freedom.  Peace seekers should settle for a brand new formulation and understanding of an impartial Ukraine. Ukraine’s sovereignty and independence are non-negotiable. This is the brand new actuality. Ironically, this modified panorama was introduced upon by an smug, risk-taking Putin when he began the warfare towards Ukraine. Ukraine is studying that independence, and the liberty that evolves from it, have to be fought for and that the associated fee for freedom is a superb one, each in blood and treasure. But it's clear that Ukraine and most of its individuals are prepared to pay this worth. This actual fact can't be misplaced on its Western companions. In the battle for freedom, sovereignty and independence, there isn't any quarter to be given within the type of compromise. Ukraine can now not be thought of some “borderland” whose future and destiny might be bargained for by way of compromise at some negotiating desk. An impartial Ukraine is a historic reality. Empire thinkers should settle for this new actuality and act accordingly if a “geopolitical” peace is to be attained. [ad_2] Source link

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[cariseca]

i read choco boys/swiss bliss... â

Spoilers

To start off. I recall reading a review on a forum saying this story was close to the morris+goscinny era wrt the pacing and the way the story develops as well as the gags and puns. And I'm not saying thats a requirement to rlly enjoy a derivative work, or if that's entirely true bc this may just be koning's way of pacing. But I do think there's some truth in it, except for the fact koning actually has emotional pull in most of the dialogue.

Even if i dont personally enjoy when luke is treated too much like a established living legend/celebrity a la buffalo bill or smth like that, the story makes that fact matter and isnt just for the gags or 4th wall breaks. It works because it's not /his/ story, it's Bud's story, we can see a reflection of stranger's perceptions of the Mysterious but famous Lucky Luke and the dreaded Bud in Straight Gulch, and part of the subtle tension between luke and Bud before their talk by the fire.

Of course Bud loves Terry, but it does seem to me there was an unspoken desire between the two? The admiration and how Luke offered him some vulnerability by admitting he did kill the original Daltons, the morning after Bud told him about his deal with Terry, and his sincere thoughts on why he doesn't kill.

I notice in a lot of Luke's friendships the reason they work is bc he can see eye to eye with the other person ((the comic's) Calamity Jane by both breaking their gendered expectations, Fingers by the end of the story with their banter, Hank Bully with his similar sense of humor and Bud by having something more than meets any stranger's eye just like him. Idk if tht makes sense.

As for the story, it flows nicely and i just rlly like how casually it was a circular story because Bud started off by the duel until Terry interrupted him. It was a good decision to have it be from Bud's POV towards the audience, as if we were the ones trying to thread the story of the "legend" lucky luke by asking people who met him. And the big reveal is that his biggest trait, what makes him be remembered fondly is the protection and empathy he gives to total strangers. Bud sounds so thankful that they crossed paths bc he can be with Terry instead of being intimidated into forgetting about him!!!

And this would all be well and good if it wasn't fucking racist. Like first off I know calamity jane is pretty separate from the historical figure the actual real person. But she is still the representation of a real person in history with a name attached to the displacement of native people. So I really dont think it bodes well at all that she was paired up with a fictional elder native woman.

As for the elder native woman herself and her native companion, it goes to show you can be a super famous for doing transgressive gay art for white europeans but if your gay art does not care to honor or understand native people (who should not be subjected to fitting into western notions of gender/sexuality especially if your setting is prior to these identifiers existing) then your gay art is not as transgressive or inclusive as you think it is. And that was the real failure of this otherwise sweet story.

I also found the addition of the daltons tacked on. Even if it worked for some gags it was hollow and would've been better if they hadn't showed up. I don't like giving a star or number rating but i'd say this is good as a character study for lucky luke as a side character and for double meaning puns.

#txt