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#Social mobility
alwaysbewoke · 1 day
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mapsontheweb · 7 months
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No. of generations it takes in Europe for offspring born in the bottom 10% to reach mean income.
by landgeist
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We tend to talk about the decline in young adults’ home ownership as if it were a universal phenomenon. This is wrong. The share of 25-to-34-year-olds who own their own home in the US is six percentage points lower today than it was in 1990. In Germany it’s down eight points, in France just three, but in Britain the drop is 22 points. It’s a similar story with incomes, where Britons in their thirties are tracing the same trajectories as their forebears while Americans are leaving theirs in the dust. The conveyor belt of socio-economic progress may have slowed elsewhere in the west, but in Britain it has sheared in two, leaving a generation stranded below. As Rob Ford, professor of political science at the University of Manchester, put it to me, this has completely changed the political calculus for young people. In the old Thatcherite world, young Britons had realistic expectations of upward mobility and home ownership, and their political interests naturally lay with the party of homeowners and low taxes. Today none of these things are true. The sense of betrayal is palpable. Ben Ansell, professor of comparative democratic institutions at Nuffield College, Oxford has shown that young Britons have lost the belief in social mobility that was a given for their parents’ generation. Applying his methodology internationally, I find that just 39 per cent of British under-30s trust that hard work will bring rewards, far below those in the US (60 per cent) and Germany (49), and also far below the 60 per cent of British 70-somethings who believe the same because it was true for them.
John Burn-Murdoch, Why are young people deserting conservatism in Britain but nowhere else?
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lyledebeast · 1 month
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Social Mobility
Obviously, there are a lot of problems with The Patriot's representation of slavery, but the fact that so many discussions of this center on Benjamin Martin overlooks an interesting possibility concerning this character. That Martin not only hires free men to work his land instead of using slave labor but also does heavy farm work himself is often read through a Doylian lens of making the hero more sympathetic to a modern audience. But what if we consider this choice through a Watsonian lens? What would that say about Martin?
First, he clearly does not hire free men to help him out of any moral distaste for the practice of slavery . If he felt that way, it is unlikely he would have married into a slave-owning family once, let alone twice. In the one moment where he does seem to support racial equality, his insistence that Occam sign for himself could be more about assuring the loyalty of this lone Black man who will be fighting alongside White volunteers. Perhaps, for the moment, Martin is stepping outside the White fantasyland of The Patriot where Black people simply do not escape from their enslavers when the opportunity arises. And maybe this reality is also behind Martin's choice to use free laborers for his own farm. Notice that not only he but also his sons play a role in planting, as we see when he asks Nathan and Samuel about the progress on their chores at the start of the movie. Most often, people parent in the ways they were parented, which raises an interesting possibility. Martin chose not to have slaves because he does not come from an enslaver family and has been used to doing his own labor, but now he has more land than he can manage himself even with the aid of four work-aged sons.
How on earth did this occur?
Well, it could have something to do with his being a war hero. That could also explain how a man who farmed his own land was able to marry into a family wealthy enough to afford slaves in the first place. Perhaps his marriage to Elizabeth was as much a reward for his wartime service as his marriage to Charlotte many years later. Women did not buy slaves for themselves in the colonial South, so Charlotte's are likely part of her inheritance from either her father or late husband (mentioned in some versions of the film/script, but not all). It would have been very unlikely for a woman to marry above her class, but a man could do so if he chose the right means of advancing himself. Looked at in this light, Martin's actions at Fort Wilderness, that made him a "hero" and for which he claims to feel such deep regret, gave him not only the land he owns but also the mother of his children, the gift that kept on giving (and giving and giving and . . .)
"I advance myself only through victory." "The honor is found in the ends, not the means." If my reading holds merit, these words from the villain's mouth actually describe the hero's trajectory far more accurately than Colonel Tavington's. As despicable as Tavington's actions are, he is only seeking upward mobility through tried and true methods, as Martin's experience attests. I've always found it funny that Tavington insists he can never return to England with honor but expresses no concerns that having committed war-time atrocities against Americans could impede his thriving in America. People in London for whom Tavington's victims are merely a newspaper headline will be appalled, but their flesh-and-blood Loyalist neighbors ? They'll get it!
Tavington's claim to his second James Wilkins that their burning a church filled with Patriot civilians will be forgotten is dubious at best. Most likely he knows better and is only saying that to ease Wilkins' conscience. But the reason such an action would live in infamy is not because it was particularly brutal by colonial standards. It's because the victims were White. The British Empire was a deeply White supremacist institution, and as movies like The Patriot show, that is a holdover from imperialism that we have yet to part ways with.
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Research from the sutton trust about social mobility and university attendance, you can read the full paper here:https://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Universities-and-social-mobility-final-summary.pdf
It's interesting that it shows that universities are still a driver of social mobility in this country, including for the very poorest. But what this doesn't show is that only 16% of students in the poorest group attend university, compared to 75% of those who went to private school.
Whilst there are some great trends in terms of widening participation at universities, there's a lot of barriers in terms of getting to uni for the very poorest. There's also a trend to discourage people from attending university if it's not a "good" uni or seen as the right course- and a trend to push students towards apprenticeships as these are "better".
I've long suspected that apprenticeships are not "better" in terms of long term outcomes, and this data seems to back that up. Furthermore, the research shows that a lot of unis that aren't especially "selective" or high ranking can have really good outcomes for students.
There's lots of other factors involved, but I think it's really interesting that this report shows social mobility is possible BUT it also implies the existence of some really serious barriers.
And, of course, the idea of meritocracy is deeply deeply flawed- because you shouldn't have to be clever, or more able, or able to fight your way out of poverty to have access to a decent standard of living.
But the report is interesting nonetheless.
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addressingsophism · 11 months
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In Defense Of "Anti-Work"
Many people attempt to justify Neo-Calvinist Work Ethic, which is a self-contradicting piece of pseudo-religious dogma stating that all people must work for religious purposes, but not equally. The philosophy also pushes the belief that the wealthy inherited the earth and became wealthy only by way of innate virtue and should only perform unburdened laborless management and collect the majority of the wealth produced by others, and that the poor must perform hard labor and hand the money up the societal ladder to save their souls.
Early Calvinist Work Ethic dogma was used as a justification for serfdom and slavery from the late 1500s (AD) till today. Neo-Calvinist ideology forms much backbone for much of gatekeeping in Western society; as it is related to System Justification, victim-blaming and "societal weeding".
Contrary to current Western common belief, most of the world didn't belive in anything even remotely close to this concept until fairly recently. While serfdom and slavery had existed in pockets and within waxing and waning empires (with various restructuring of labor beliefs and practices), it wasn't part of a universal belief that humans were required to access the resources of the world they were born on solely through repetitious labor associated with pyramid'esque-scheme systems.
In fact the "work week" wasn't invented until the 1800s and the idea of standardization of Brute Capitalism didn't exist until the 1950s (which lead to economic downfalls and crime waves during the 1960s and 1970s).
People often assume that the majority of the world's idea of work and taxes has been standardized for millennia, and pretty much look the same across all of history, but this is simply not true.
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Side note: The anti-work isn't a movement in opposition to task completion, but in opposition to fallacies associated with ideologies that claim human beings should naturally be treated as machines used for repetitious labor in order to support classist structures and to restrict social and economic mobility.
The current systems aren't about maximizing everyone's potential, nor about focusing on justice and accuracy.
It's simply about creating and maintaining a series of networked exploitation-focused pyramid schemes. This is ensured mostly by way of early indoctrination, and encouraged via peer pressure (pride, shame, etc).
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blueheartbookclub · 1 month
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Unveiling Social Constructs: A Review of "Pygmalion" by Bernard Shaw
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Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion" is a thought-provoking play that transcends time, weaving together themes of class, identity, and societal expectations with wit, humor, and insight. First performed in 1913, the play follows the transformative journey of Eliza Doolittle, a Cockney flower girl, who becomes the subject of a bet between the phonetics professor Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering. As Higgins attempts to mold Eliza into a refined lady through speech lessons, "Pygmalion" explores the intricacies of language, social mobility, and the power dynamics inherent in class distinctions.
At its core, "Pygmalion" challenges the notion of fixed social hierarchies and underscores the arbitrary nature of class distinctions. Shaw deftly exposes the absurdity of equating social status with inherent worth, presenting characters whose true value lies not in their birthright but in their character and individual agency. Through Eliza's transformation from a humble flower girl to a confident, independent woman, Shaw highlights the fluidity of identity and the potential for self-determination, regardless of one's social origins.
Moreover, "Pygmalion" is a testament to Shaw's mastery of dialogue and character development. The play is replete with sharp, witty exchanges that not only entertain but also serve to illuminate the complexities of human nature and interpersonal relationships. From Higgins's acerbic wit to Eliza's spirited defiance, Shaw creates characters that are as memorable as they are multidimensional, inviting audiences to empathize with their struggles and triumphs.
One of the most compelling aspects of "Pygmalion" is its exploration of the power dynamics inherent in language and communication. Shaw exposes how linguistic norms and accents serve as markers of social status, relegating those who speak differently to the margins of society. Through Higgins's efforts to "improve" Eliza's speech, the play raises important questions about agency, autonomy, and the ethics of linguistic imperialism, prompting audiences to reflect on the ways in which language shapes our perceptions of ourselves and others.
Furthermore, "Pygmalion" is a richly layered work that rewards careful analysis and interpretation. Shaw infuses the play with symbolism and allegory, drawing parallels between Eliza's transformation and the myth of Pygmalion, the sculptor who fell in love with his own creation. By framing Eliza's journey as a modern-day retelling of this myth, Shaw invites audiences to consider the ways in which art, identity, and desire intersect in shaping human experience.
In conclusion, "Pygmalion" is a timeless masterpiece that continues to resonate with audiences for its incisive social commentary, vibrant characters, and sparkling wit. Shaw's exploration of class, identity, and language remains as relevant today as it was over a century ago, inviting audiences to question societal norms and challenge the status quo. With its enduring relevance and timeless appeal, "Pygmalion" stands as a testament to Shaw's genius as a playwright and his unwavering commitment to social justice and human dignity.
Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion" is available in Amazon in paperback 12.99$ and hardcover 19.99$ editions.
Number of pages: 188
Language: English
Rating: 9/10                                           
Link of the book!
Review By: King's Cat
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shallowrambles · 2 years
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There are so many ways to be an outsider and other
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This is a friendly reminder that none disabled people often do benefit from the same accommodations disabled people benefit from.
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healthyhabitjournal · 19 days
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Dive into the heart of "The Great Gatsby" with our latest piece on Myrtle Wilson. Explore the depths of her character, her desires, ambitions, and the tragic end that encapsulates the elusive American Dream. Unravel Myrtle Wilson quotes and the layers of F. Scott Fitzgerald's masterpiece. A must-read for literature lovers and Gatsby fans!
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blueheartbooks · 1 month
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Unveiling Social Constructs: A Review of "Pygmalion" by Bernard Shaw
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Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion" is a thought-provoking play that transcends time, weaving together themes of class, identity, and societal expectations with wit, humor, and insight. First performed in 1913, the play follows the transformative journey of Eliza Doolittle, a Cockney flower girl, who becomes the subject of a bet between the phonetics professor Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering. As Higgins attempts to mold Eliza into a refined lady through speech lessons, "Pygmalion" explores the intricacies of language, social mobility, and the power dynamics inherent in class distinctions.
At its core, "Pygmalion" challenges the notion of fixed social hierarchies and underscores the arbitrary nature of class distinctions. Shaw deftly exposes the absurdity of equating social status with inherent worth, presenting characters whose true value lies not in their birthright but in their character and individual agency. Through Eliza's transformation from a humble flower girl to a confident, independent woman, Shaw highlights the fluidity of identity and the potential for self-determination, regardless of one's social origins.
Moreover, "Pygmalion" is a testament to Shaw's mastery of dialogue and character development. The play is replete with sharp, witty exchanges that not only entertain but also serve to illuminate the complexities of human nature and interpersonal relationships. From Higgins's acerbic wit to Eliza's spirited defiance, Shaw creates characters that are as memorable as they are multidimensional, inviting audiences to empathize with their struggles and triumphs.
One of the most compelling aspects of "Pygmalion" is its exploration of the power dynamics inherent in language and communication. Shaw exposes how linguistic norms and accents serve as markers of social status, relegating those who speak differently to the margins of society. Through Higgins's efforts to "improve" Eliza's speech, the play raises important questions about agency, autonomy, and the ethics of linguistic imperialism, prompting audiences to reflect on the ways in which language shapes our perceptions of ourselves and others.
Furthermore, "Pygmalion" is a richly layered work that rewards careful analysis and interpretation. Shaw infuses the play with symbolism and allegory, drawing parallels between Eliza's transformation and the myth of Pygmalion, the sculptor who fell in love with his own creation. By framing Eliza's journey as a modern-day retelling of this myth, Shaw invites audiences to consider the ways in which art, identity, and desire intersect in shaping human experience.
In conclusion, "Pygmalion" is a timeless masterpiece that continues to resonate with audiences for its incisive social commentary, vibrant characters, and sparkling wit. Shaw's exploration of class, identity, and language remains as relevant today as it was over a century ago, inviting audiences to question societal norms and challenge the status quo. With its enduring relevance and timeless appeal, "Pygmalion" stands as a testament to Shaw's genius as a playwright and his unwavering commitment to social justice and human dignity.
Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion" is available in Amazon in paperback 12.99$ and hardcover 19.99$ editions.
Number of pages: 188
Language: English
Rating: 9/10                                           
Link of the book!
Review By: King's Cat
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thisisgraeme · 2 months
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New Zealand Tertiary Education: Unveiling the Hidden Dangers of Overlooking Critical Aspects
New Zealand Tertiary Education: Current Risks I’ve written about this before, but at the expense of sounding like a broken record I’m going to say it again: When we overlook essential aspects of tertiary education like adult literacy, language and numeracy (LLN), Māori cultural capability, Pacific cultural centeredness, and neurodiversity support, we’re courting trouble at various levels in…
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justiceworlds1 · 2 months
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Striving Towards Social Equality
In an ideal world, social equality would be a fundamental aspect of every society, ensuring that all individuals have equal rights, opportunities, and access to resources regardless of their background. However, the reality is far from this ideal. Across the globe, societies grapple with deep-rooted inequalities based on factors such as race, gender, socio-economic status, sexual orientation, and more. Striving towards social equality is a complex and multifaceted endeavor, riddled with challenges but also offering promising solutions. This article delves into the challenges obstructing the path to social equality and explores potential solutions to overcome them.
Challenges to Social Equality
Systemic Discrimination: One of the most significant barriers to social equality is systemic discrimination embedded within institutions and societal structures. Discriminatory policies and practices perpetuate inequality, disadvantaging certain groups while privileging others. Whether it manifests in employment practices, education systems, or criminal justice systems, systemic discrimination reinforces existing power dynamics and widens the gap between privileged and marginalized groups.
Economic Disparities: Economic inequality is closely intertwined with social inequality, as individuals from marginalized communities often face limited access to economic opportunities and resources. Wealth disparities perpetuate cycles of poverty and hinder social mobility, creating entrenched divisions within society. Furthermore, the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few exacerbates social inequality, as marginalized groups struggle to break free from economic marginalization.
Prejudice and Stereotypes: Prejudice and stereotypes contribute to the marginalization of certain groups within society, perpetuating negative attitudes and discriminatory behaviors. Whether based on race, gender, sexual orientation, or other characteristics, these biases shape social interactions and influence decision-making processes. Overcoming prejudice and dismantling stereotypes requires challenging ingrained beliefs and promoting empathy, understanding, and inclusivity.
Access to Education: Education is often hailed as the great equalizer, yet access to quality education remains unequal across various communities. Socio-economic disparities, inadequate funding for schools in marginalized areas, and discriminatory practices within educational institutions create barriers to educational attainment for disadvantaged groups. Addressing these disparities requires equitable funding, inclusive curricula, and support systems to ensure that all individuals have access to quality education.
Structural Inequities: Structural inequities, such as lack of affordable housing, healthcare disparities, and unequal access to essential services, perpetuate social inequality and marginalization. These systemic barriers disproportionately affect marginalized communities, further entrenching their disadvantage. Tackling structural inequities necessitates comprehensive policy interventions aimed at addressing root causes and redistributing resources to promote equitable access to essential services.
Solutions to Promote Social Equality
Policy Reform: Implementing policy reforms aimed at addressing systemic discrimination and promoting social justice is essential for advancing social equality. This includes enacting anti-discrimination laws, promoting affirmative action policies, and investing in programs that address the root causes of inequality. By addressing structural barriers and promoting inclusive policies, governments can create a more equitable society where all individuals have equal opportunities to thrive.
Education and Awareness: Education plays a crucial role in challenging prejudice and fostering understanding and empathy among individuals. Incorporating diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives into educational curricula can help combat stereotypes and promote acceptance of diverse identities. Additionally, raising awareness about social inequality through public campaigns and community initiatives can mobilize support for collective action towards greater equality.
Economic Empowerment: Promoting economic empowerment among marginalized communities is essential for addressing economic disparities and promoting social mobility. This includes providing access to financial resources, entrepreneurship opportunities, and job training programs targeted at disadvantaged groups. By empowering individuals economically, society can break the cycle of poverty and create pathways for upward mobility.
Community Engagement: Building strong, inclusive communities is vital for promoting social equality and fostering solidarity among diverse groups. Community-based organizations and grassroots movements play a crucial role in advocating for the rights of marginalized communities and mobilizing support for social change. By fostering dialogue, collaboration, and mutual support, communities can work together to dismantle systemic barriers and promote social equality.
Intersectional Approaches: Recognizing the intersecting nature of social identities and experiences is essential for addressing the unique challenges faced by individuals at the intersections of multiple forms of oppression. Intersectional approaches to social equality acknowledge the interconnectedness of race, gender, class, sexuality, and other dimensions of identity, ensuring that solutions are inclusive and address the diverse needs of all individuals.
Conclusion
Striving towards social equality requires concerted efforts to address the root causes of inequality and promote inclusive policies and practices. By confronting systemic discrimination, addressing economic disparities, challenging prejudice and stereotypes, and promoting equitable access to education and resources, societies can move closer to realizing the ideal of social equality for all. It is only through collective action and commitment to justice and fairness that we can build a more inclusive and equitable world for future generations.
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Social mobility has always been a myth.
Anyway, the only thing Birbalsingh is good at is self promotion.
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prose2passion · 3 months
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