The mineralogist and archeologist William Niven was born on October 2nd 1850 in Bellshill, Lanarkshire.
Niven came from a large and close-knit family, his parents were acquainted with the famous missionary and explorer David Livingstone, who regaled the young William with tales of his African adventures, inspiring in him an urge to explore remote and primitive lands.
When his father was killed in a railroading accident in 1865, Niven dropped out of school and took a succession of clerking jobs to help support his family. In 1870 he took over the management of the Dalmarnock weaving mill in Glasgow, though he was only 19 at the time. Despite his success there, he decided in 1879 that it was time to leave Scotland and travel to America, as his younger brother James had done before him in 1874.
Mineralogist William Niven developed an interest in Mexican archaeology in the 1890s. He excavated numerous sites in the southwestern state of Guerrero before turning his attention to the region around Mexico City. After observing stratified cultural deposits in the clay pits used for making adobe bricks, he began a series of excavations that ultimately yielded thousands of pre-Hispanic artifacts and helped define the region's chronology. Through an arrangement with the Mexican government, certain finds were reserved for the National Museum, while others were sold to finance the excavations.
Niven had workers digging at multiple sites, with deposits spanning over 3500 years - but some can be broadly attributed based on comparison to published examples. Niven and his crews found thousands of artefacts, such was the volume of his finds that he was at one point accused of (unknowingly) passing on fakes that had been made by his workers!
As well as archeology Nven was also a mineralogist and noted for his discovery of the minerals yttrialite, thorogummite, nd nivenite (named after him).
Niven was a founding member of the New York Mineralogical Club, an honorary life member of the American Museum of Natural History, a member of the Scientific Society Antonio Alzate in Mexico, and a fellow in the American Geographic Society of New York and the Royal Society of Arts in London. In 1929 he moved to Houston, where he donated a large number of Mexican artifacts to the new Houston Museum and Scientific Society and served on its board of trustees.
In 1931 he moved to Austin. He died there on June 2, 1937, and was buried in Mount Calvary cemetery.
February 28, 2024 - American military veterans burn their uniforms calling for a free Palestine, at a vigil for Aaron Bushnell in Portland, Oregon. [source]
It's unfathomable, even more so when you realize this isn't the first time Israel has done this. She was a baby. The men were so obviously red crescent medics, and still, Israeli soldiers shot and killed them.
It wasn't a misfired bomb. It was guns. They knew what they were targeting.
Anyone who defends this, for whatever religion you believe in, even if you believe in nothing at all, I can only hope the afterlife brings you your deserved suffering on a platter. You're disgusting, vile creatures, who must've snuck onto the Earth because there is no way in nature that you are human. Die.
نَّا ِلِلَّٰهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ
Save the children of Palestine. Protect the medics. Free Palestine. 🇵🇸
On October 27th 1763 William Maclure was born in Ayr.
Maclure knew his own mind from an early age, changing his name from James, and adding the “A” to his surname, he had a private education and went on to travel widely in Europe and America in 1782 at the age of 19.
He spent a lot of time in Paris and was witness to the events of the French Revolution. William worked there as one of the commissioners appointed to settle the claims of American citizens on the French government during the early years of the new Republic. He also became interested in geology and studied throughout his twenties on the subject.
Maclure returned to the US in 1824, by now he was in his 50’s, he became friends with Robert Owen,of New Lanark fame and settled in the community of New Harmony, formed by Owen.. Maclure had by now earned himself a small fortune and was financially independent, he set about on a self imposed geological survey of America. The results of his unaided labours were submitted to the American Philosophical Society in a memoir entitled Observations on the Geology of the United States explanatory of a Geological Map, and published in the Society’s Transactions It is due to this and further surveys that Maclure is known as the “father of American geology”
There is loads more about Maclure that you can read here http://infed.org/mobi/william-maclure/