#developing economies

[reasonsforhope]

"India’s announcement that it aims to reach net zero emissions by 2070 and to meet fifty percent of its electricity requirements from renewable energy sources by 2030 is a hugely significant moment for the global fight against climate change. India is pioneering a new model of economic development that could avoid the carbon-intensive approaches that many countries have pursued in the past – and provide a blueprint for other developing economies.

The scale of transformation in India is stunning. Its economic growth has been among the highest in the world over the past two decades, lifting of millions of people out of poverty. Every year, India adds a city the size of London to its urban population, involving vast construction of new buildings, factories and transportation networks. Coal and oil have so far served as bedrocks of India’s industrial growth and modernisation, giving a rising number of Indian people access to modern energy services. This includes adding new electricity connections for 50 million citizens each year over the past decade. 

The rapid growth in fossil energy consumption has also meant India’s annual CO2 emissions have risen to become the third highest in the world. However, India’s CO2 emissions per person put it near the bottom of the world’s emitters, and they are lower still if you consider historical emissions per person. The same is true of energy consumption: the average household in India consumes a tenth as much electricity as the average household in the United States.  

India’s sheer size and its huge scope for growth means that its energy demand is set to grow by more than that of any other country in the coming decades. In a pathway to net zero emissions by 2070, we estimate that most of the growth in energy demand this decade would already have to be met with low-carbon energy sources. It therefore makes sense that Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced more ambitious targets for 2030, including installing 500 gigawatts of renewable energy capacity, reducing the emissions intensity of its economy by 45%, and reducing a billion tonnes of CO2. 

These targets are formidable, but the good news is that the clean energy transition in India is already well underway. It has overachieved its commitment made at COP 21- Paris Summit [a.k.a. 2015, at the same conference that produced the Paris Agreement] by already meeting 40% of its power capacity from non-fossil fuels- almost nine years ahead of its commitment, and the share of solar and wind in India’s energy mix have grown phenomenally. Owing to technological developments, steady policy support, and a vibrant private sector, solar power plants are cheaper to build than coal ones. Renewable electricity is growing at a faster rate in India than any other major economy, with new capacity additions on track to double by 2026...

Subsidies for petrol and diesel were removed in the early 2010s, and subsidies for electric vehicles were introduced in 2019. India’s robust energy efficiency programme has been successful in reducing energy use and emissions from buildings, transport and major industries. Government efforts to provide millions of households with fuel gas for cooking and heating are enabling a steady transition away from the use of traditional biomass such as burning wood. India is also laying the groundwork to scale up important emerging technologies such as hydrogen, battery storage, and low-carbon steel, cement and fertilisers..."

-via IEA (International Energy Agency), January 10, 2022

Note: And since that's a little old, here's an update to show that progress is still going strong:

-via Economic Times: EnergyWorld, March 10, 2023

#india #solar power #renewable energy #green energy #sustainability #wind power #population grown #economic growth #developing economies #renewable electricity #carbon emissions #good news #hope #hope posting

[spaarksapp]

Discovering the potential of India: A young person’s perspective

As a young person, it can be easy to feel like the world is full of opportunities and that the grass is always greener on the other side. But as we all know, India is a land of immense potential and opportunities. It’s a country that’s full of rich culture and tradition, and it’s a place where young people can truly make a difference.

Ofcourse, this is just one perspective and there are many different ways to view the situation.

As young Indians, we have a unique opportunity to shape the future of our country. Mukesh Ambani, one of India’s most successful entrepreneurs, stated that,

“ Believe in India because this country gives every Indian the opportunity to realize his dreams and I think the best of India is yet to come”

He is right. India is a country on the rise, with a growing economy and burgeoning middle class. The opportunities here are immense, and they are only going to grow in the coming years.

The Indian economy has experienced various ups and downs over the previous seven decades. The country’s GDP has increased from 2.7 trillion rupees at the time of independence to around 150 trillion rupees today.

There are several reports and studies that have projected India to become the largest economy in the world in the coming decades. A report by PWC predicts that India will surpass the US and China to become the world’s largest economy by 2040. The International Monetary (IMF) also projects India to be the world’s fastest-growing major economy in the period of 2021–2026.

The world is changing at a rapid place, and India is no exception. The country is on the cusp of a technological revolution, with a rapidly expanding middle class, which creates new opportunities for young people in various fields. From startups to established businesses, India is a land of opportunities for entrepreneurs. The government initiatives like ‘Make in India’ and ‘Startup India’ are encouraging young entrepreneurs to start new ventures in the country.

We are also blessed to be living in a country that has a diverse and vibrant culture, with a rich tradition of art, literature, and music. We have the chance to be a part of this cultural richness, to create and contribute to it.

India is not without its challenges. We have to face the issues of poverty, inequality and corruption, but we should not let these challenges discourage us. Instead, we should see them as opportunities to make a real difference in the lives of our fellow citizens.

We can make a difference by staying in India and working towards the development of our country. Let us not be swayed by the idea that the grass is greener on the other side.

In conclusion ,we the youth of India have a vital role to play in shaping the future of our country. Let us stay in India and work towards the development of our country.

“Let us not only be a part of the change, but also the change”                           

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#economy #indian economy #youth #youth with you #indianyouth #GDP #developing economies #developing nations

[o9c4com]

# Fractured World | Anon Channel | Flickr Discussions Topic

What is The Fractured World. The Ethics of Responsibility. Leadership for a Fractured World: How to Cross Boundaries, Build Bridges, and Lead Change. To heal a fractured world. Building empathy in a fractured world. Faithful Witness in a Fractured World. But what is already clear is that the change is already doing a lot of damage and the global economy will take years to recover. Developing economies accounting for more than half of the world's poorest people need urgent debt relief as a result of cascading global crises. The value of strong multilateral cooperation in a fractured world. The complex challenges of a global pandemic, climate emergency, inequality and the risk of nuclear conflict cannot be dealt with by one country or one region alone. Restoring Trust in a Fractured World. We do not have a clear sense of the challenges that the new global economy will pose to human communities in the future, but we are starting to perceive its possible effects in two additional areas: the loss of natural reserves that sustain human life and the inequality gap in well-being and wealth distribution.

#Fractured World #broken realms #Leadership #empathy #global economy #Developing economies #poorest people #global crises #multilateral cooperation #global pandemic #climate emergency #inequality #nuclear conflict #challenges #human communities #future #human life #inequality gap #well-being #wealth distribution

[tshortik]

I love you messy artstyle i love you visible brush strokes I love you textures and rough edges I love you imperfections I love you roughness and colour blobs I love you scratchy sketches and bold stylisation and dirt and imperfections I love you ugly and raw emotion!!!!! ❤️

#i talk sometimes #art talk #i made a tweet like this on twatter ages ago but i've been feeling this a lot lately #also this is the start of me writing more on this blog and not only using it as art because who cares!! i don't!! #I wanna translate raw emotion into colors and shapes. I wanna know where to ignore all details and where to go ham you feel me? #i used to dream about developing a style like for MtG where it looked like a masterful oil painting that oozes realism and details #and i've realised the last two years or so that I would actually hate that for me. I know I wouldn't enjoy doing it. For myself. #it's that pipeline from wanting to be the perfect realistic wotc artist to accepting that I will never be that #instead i wanna learn how to stylise better and get a good brush economy going yknow. I wanna be bolder. #i doubt i'll ever be as incredible as all these MtG artists no matter what anyone says. but it's ok!! i don't have to be!!! #i just luv art man!!

[alwaysbewoke]

The ulterior motive to keep Haiti in turmoil

#haiti #iridium reserves #economics development #dr. henry vixamar #south africa #bureau of mines and energy #southeast department #beloc #alan k. hildebrand #university of arizona #bainet #economy #job creation #national economy #radio métropole

[racefortheironthrone]

Why do economists need to shut up about mercantilism, as you alluded to in your post about Louis XIV's chief ministers?

In part due to their supposed intellectual descent from Adam Smith and the other classical economists, contemporary economists are pretty uniformly hostile to mercantilism, seeing it as a wrong-headed political economy that held back human progress until it was replaced by that best of all ideas: capitalism.

As a student of economic history and the history of political economy, I find that economists generally have a pretty poor understanding of what mercantilists actually believed and what economic policies they actually supported. In reality, a lot of the things that economists see as key advances in the creation of capitalism - the invention of the joint-stock company, the creation of financial markets, etc. - were all accomplishments of mercantiism.

Rather than the crude stereotype of mercantilists as a bunch of monetary weirdos who thought the secret to prosperity was the hoarding of precious metals, mercantilists were actually lazer-focused on economic development. The whole business about trying to achieve a positive balance of trade and financial liquidity and restraining wages was all a means to an end of economic development. Trade surpluses could be invested in manufacturing and shipping, gold reserves played an important role in deepening capital pools and thus increasing levels of investment at lower interest rates that could support larger-scale and more capital intensive enterprises, and so forth.

Indeed, the arch-sin of mercantilism in the eyes of classical and contemporary economists, their interference in free trade through tariffs, monopolies, and other interventions, was all directed at the overriding economic goal of climbing the value-added ladder.

Thus, England (and later Britain) put a tariff on foreign textiles and an export tax on raw wool and forbade the emigration of skilled workers (while supporting the immigration of skilled workers to England) and other mercantilist policies to move up from being exporters of raw wool (which meant that most of the profits from the higher value-added part of the industry went to Burgundy) to being exporters of cheap wool cloth to being exporters of more advanced textiles. Hell, even Adam Smith saw the logic of the Navigation Acts!

And this is what brings me to the most devastating critique of the standard economist narrative about mercantilism: the majority of the countries that successfully industrialized did so using mercantilist principles rather than laissez-faire principles:

When England became the first industrial economy, it did so under strict protectionist policies and only converted to free trade once it had gained enough of a technological and economic advantage over its competitors that it didn't need protectionism any more.

When the United States industrialized in the 19th century and transformed itself into the largest economy in the world, it did so from behind high tariff walls.

When Germany made itself the leading industrial power on the Continent, it did so by rejecting English free trade economics and having the state invest heavily in coal, steel, and railroads. Free trade was only for within the Zollverein, not with the outside world.

And as Dani Rodrik, Ha-Joon Chang, and others have pointed out, you see the same thing with Japan, South Korea, China...everywhere you look, you see protectionism as the means of achieving economic development, and then free trade only working for already-developed economies.

#political economy #mercantilism #economic development #early modern state-building #early modern period #laissez-faire #classical liberalism #classical economics #economics #economic history

[goldenstarprincesses]

It's a pity there aren't more great depression!America fanfics

I just know he was manic and unhinged

#the gilded age manners covered up a lot of his self-harm habits developed by the civil war #Guess I'm going to have to write one myself 😔 #I always say “he” or “Alfred” but also works for Amelia #*war economy starts* #Alfred: Ok #im fine now😀 no one needs to worry about my sanity😀 #he just gets a little angsty and over dramatic when he's hungry #hws america #alfred f jones #historical hetalia #hetalia fandom #hws #aph #hetalia #nyo america #hetalia fanfiction #tw: fictional self harm

[letters-to-rosie]

so a big part of my interest in media studies (and part of why I wanna teach it someday) is questioning how real-world categories and schema are imported into nonreal-world settings and how they are not.

there's the very obvious answer of "the audience lives in the real world, so that makes it easy for them." but then you read something like Ursula Le Guin's The Left Hand of Darkness, which takes place on a planet inhabited by beings who are normally sexless and get either set of sex organs during their mating period at random. and then you can, you know, question the arbitrariness of gender.

or you watch Arcane and real-world racial categories are eschewed for a racialization of a subaltern group that has been compared to what the English have historically done to the Irish. and then maybe you go "huh, is there a connection between economics and the production of race? and maybe race isn't a fixed category but something that can shift and change?" (or at least i HOPE you do i HOPE you do)

and there are the things that sometimes get questioned less in fiction. like why are there so many kingdoms? what about alternative political formations? it's not like every society in the history of the world was a kingdom before, like, 1800. if we can have aliens and dragons and magic and stretch our brains for that, we can stretch in the social/economic/political too. why do we have capitalism in those settings? in the real world, capitalism is the result of the way our history played out. but it's historically contingent. as are our concepts of race and gender.

so why does any of this matter? well, I think that it's very important that we deal with reification: the way things in our society are naturalized to us. if we want to change things, it helps to recognize them as arbitrary and not necessarily facts of life we must live with forever. as we can tell from current events, the ways the world is currently organized really sucks, so cultivating and then acting on that imagination is urgent.

#media analysis #ursula k. le guin #the left hand of drakness #is interesting because she got so interested in gender because #it was naturalized in her earlier writings #like okay we have a super cool magical world #why are gender politics the same #and so she explored that #in the case of #arcane #it's wild because it historically situates the financialization of the economy under neoliberalism (as we live it now) #but not the development of capitalism wholesale #because it's produced under capitalism #but it's a great to pull it apart and reveal the contingent nature of capitalism as well

[stroadkill]

time to be an urbanist farmer elsewhere Hahahha (where)

#“but sprawl is good for the economy!!!” this is an architecture of easy money and that doesn't make it good #every time i go outside i see the fields of my hometown be replaced by the worst form of development and its making me unwell #fuck cars #urbanism #urban sprawl #not just bikes #urban design #farmland #farming #canada #north america #stroadkillart

[navadev]

The tutorial is done! It turns out just writing a text and taking screenshots is long and difficult (it took me more than 3 days (including the previous week)). Also added a scrollbar but it only shows progress, i can't use it to navigate the page.

#war&economy #gamedev #indiegamedev #game development #indie game dev #indiedev #devlog #game dev blog #solodev #indie dev #solo dev

[ivygorgon]

AN OPEN LETTER to THE U.S. CONGRESS

Put the Good Jobs for Good Airports standards in the FAA reauthorization bill!

104 so far! Help us get to 250 signers!

I’m calling on you to stand with working people, passengers and our communities by supporting Good Jobs for Good Airports standards (GJGA) in the FAA reauthorization bill. Airports should and can be strong, vibrant drivers of good jobs in every part of our country. The Good Jobs for Good Airports standards are central to that mission and our nation’s future prosperity. Billions of our public dollars are invested in our nation’s aviation system every year, and we must ensure that our public resources serve the public good. That includes ensuring airports better serve the needs of our families, our passengers, our communities and the airport service workers who make it all possible.

It is evident that our air travel industry is in crisis. From record flight cancellations during summer travel peaks to mountains of lost luggage during the holiday travel season. Airports are critical publicly-funded infrastructure vital to the health of our local communities and global economy, but right now airports aren't working the way they should for travelers or airport service workers — a largely Black, brown, multiracial and immigrant service workforce. These working people, including cleaners, wheelchair agents, baggage handlers, concessionaires and ramp workers, keep airports safe and running smoothly even through a global pandemic, climate disasters and busy travel seasons. Yet many are underpaid and underprotected--even as some major airlines rake in record profit and billions of our tax dollars are invested in our national air travel system.

Domestic passenger numbers increased by 80% between 2020 and 2021, total industry employment fell by nearly 14%, leaving airport service workers to sometimes clean entire airplanes in as little as five minutes as many take on additional responsibilities outside of their typical job duties. Meanwhile, wages have barely budged for airport service workers in 20 years. The Good Jobs for Good Airports standards has the power to transform workers’ lives by ensuring airport service workers have the pay and benefits they need to care for their families.

The Good Jobs for Good Airports standards would help build a stronger, safer, more resilient air travel industry by making airport service jobs good jobs with living wages and benefits like affordable healthcare for all airport workers. Airport service workers at more than 130 covered airports would be supported through established wage and benefit standards, putting money back into hundreds of local economies and helping families thrive. If passed over 73% of wage increases will go to workers making $20 or less, estimates show.

I urge you to include the Good Jobs for Good Airports standards in the FAA reauthorization bill, and help ensure our public money serves the public good.

▶ Created on September 20, 2023 by Jess Craven

📱 Text SIGN PNXUOF to 50409

🤯 Liked it? Text FOLLOW JESSCRAVEN101 to 50409

#JESSCRAVEN101 #PNXUOF #resistbot #FAA reauthorization #Good Jobs for Good Airports #airport workers #aviation industry #public infrastructure #labor rights #economic justice #workers' rights #fair wages #benefits #community support #passenger rights #public investment #economic prosperity #airport service workers #living wages #healthcare #job security #labor standards #economic equity #social welfare #income equality #workplace conditions #economic development #local economies #financial stability #worker empowerment

[weirdgirlbymommylonglegs]

there’s being a teenage girl in your 20s then there’s whatever the fuck the babyface by sorry mom experience is

#i absolutely hate the phrase ‘teenage girl in your 20s’ idea it’s infantilising and will only stunt yr mental + emotional development #because if you keep doing that you’ll be 30 something saying shit like ‘i’m a 21 year old in my 30s’ which just sounds worse lol #and so on #and it’s not exactly a new phenomenon either bc women (mainly) will say they’re 21 with x amount of years extra experience #it’s just. idk. the obsession with perpetual yourh looks worse on people who are already young i guess #anyway back to babyface sorry mom. the album of all time; resonates with the ‘teenage girl in your 20s’ idea #(which for me has always been about being directionless and lost in life and feeling younger because you can see all your other 20-something #friends grow up and get jobs and finish their degrees n shit. and that makes you feel younger; almost teenager like) #(whereas i see a lot of people saying ‘teenage girl in my 20s’ as a way of almost bragging about being immature?? #like not knowing how to do things or speak on certain subjects #stuff like ‘when he talks to me about the economy but i’m #literally a teenage girl in my 20s’ LIKE DO YOU NOT HEAR YOURSELF?? #and of course i’m not shaming people for not knowing shit i mean look at me. i can’t drive i have no job and i dropped out of uni #but the REFUSAL to learn is astounding. like people think they can get away with being deliberately oblivious because they have #the self-proclaimed mentality of a teenage girl. and how do you think Actual Teenage Girls feel about people assigning their demographic as #being oblivious and vapid and lacking awareness #you know. traits that have historically been assigned to teenage girls that I Can Actively Remember trying to not associate with. #and my female peers were also arguing against as teenagers. #i dunno. in the words of tame impala it feels like we only go backwards) #long tags #kaycore #(fuck it. putting this in the sorry mom tag) #sorry mom band #babyface sorry mom

[immaculatasknight]

Echoes throughout the world

#physical economy #progress #economic development #ICJ #Gaza #genocide #crimes against humanity #Nixon #destabilization #Africa #Palestine #Brazil

[airlock]

y'know, I've been hearing about the new Zelda's $70 pricetag a lot -- but I've also been enduring a rough patch at uni, so I haven't been able to do any of the thinking or researching that I'd want to do before throwing my lot in there. regardless, there are two... fragments of points that I've had bouncing around in my head for a while, and I never see anyone getting close to them, so I figured I might as well lob them out to the internet to see if they'll bounce around enough to inspire some completed thoughts in anyone

the first thing: while Nintendo was the one that decided to take the first shot here and now, with a very highly anticipated title in one of its absolute flagship franchises, the matter of fact is that bumping up the Standard AAA Game Pricetag -- and to $70 exactly, even -- has been a talk in the industry for many, many years now. it's not a coincidence, or even just the industry's typical unparodiably vulture-like behavior, that as soon as Nintendo took the first shot, other studios were tripping over themselves to pin their next big releases at $70 as well.

(if you ask someone speaking for the studios, they'll probably tell you that $60 has been a downright generous pricetag for a long while now given how much production costs have soared in that time, and even $70 is still a steal all things considered. a less charitable point of view would invite you to consider why production costs are increasing so much anyway, despite that consumer satisfaction has long stopped increasing proportionally to that metric. is it an oversight, or a decision in the service of someone besides the consumer? that's not a rhetoric question, incidentally -- I did say these aren't finished thoughts.)

the second thing: first worlders have been much worried about what a price hike in games would mean for children, and to that I say: you may have more insight on the present situation if you look to countries where this sort of thing already has or still does happen.

I can say at the very least that, for a solid while here in Brazil -- that solid while having peaked around the 00s -- economic factors made the seemingly reasonable pricetag worldwide an oft-unthinkable one for most consumers (and the few that could actually afford videogames straight-up were still a stingy lot regardless). and what we did about it was... rampant piracy. and I don't just mean downloading shit, I mean that parents were buying their kids the sketchiest disks you can imagine to pop into their PS2s at home that probably weren't 100% the legit article either. owning a completely legitimate copy of any game was seen as some sort of Collector's Edition kind of rarity, even. anyway, I'm not exactly making predictions about how your first-world markets are going to adapt when/if videogames seriously slip out of the average consumer's grasp -- again, unfinished thoughts here -- but if you've been thinking about it, then this kind of thing may be worth studying up on.

#my stupid text posts #and in case anyone's wondering how the situation developed since that peak: #the local economy was steadily improving right up until certain foul political developments of the mid-2010s #and with some delay this trickled down to the consumer base -- although whether this will perdure or improve or reverse... depends a lot #anyway the intl gaming industry also started to realize that this country is absolutely chock full of people who want to and will buy games #just so long as they can be reached with anything remotely resembling sane prices #(not to mention other possible adjustments; more and more games are starting to include Portuguese language options to name another thing) #and last but not least the people who can actually afford legal games have also been growing too Gentry for the Sketchy CD Stand #so all put together our days of rampant piracy in broad daylight are past us now #but y'know. we still never became TOO loyal to the idea of paying full price. #so it's going to be real interesting seeing how the industry decides to play it next around here #one wrong price hike and I bet a lot of us still know a guy who knows a guy.

[intercontact]

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#investment #projects #business #finance #marketing #sales #market #property #renewable energy #innovation #trade #financial planning #business development #business opportunity #export #business news #import #environment #economy

[racefortheironthrone]

Would you put Louis XIV as overrated?

Oof, that's a tough one.

It's particularly hard to answer because the reign of the Sun King also saw the tenure of some of the most influential chief ministers in French history: Mazarin, and Colbert.

While perhaps not quite as famous as a certain cardinal whose schemes kept getting foiled by the Three Musketeers, these guys were world-historically important.

Mazarin was Richelieu's political heir, and brought his predecessor's policy of using the Thirty Years War as a way to break the back of Hapsburg dominance to a successful conclusion. The Peace of Westphalia not only served as the foundation for modern international relations, but also expanded France's position in Alsace and the Rhineland - especially when Mazarin pulled off an anti-Hapsburg alliance with the new League of the Rhine.

At the same time that France was winning the Franco-Spanish War, which won them a big chunk of territory in the Low Countries around Artois, Luxembourg, and parts of Flanders, and all of the territory north of the Pyrenees Mountains including French Catalonia. It also got Louis XIV the hand of Maria Teresa, which would eventually create the catalyst for the War of Spanish Succession and the War of Austrian Succession...

And while Mazarin was doing all of this, he was also busy crushing the Fronde uprising led by le Grand Condé, which he eventually accomplished in 1653, and creating a formidble system of centralized royal government through the intendants that ended the power of the feudal nobility.

As for Colbert, he was the guy who figured out how to pay for all of this. The single biggest reason why economists need to shut the fuck up when they talk about mercantilism, Colbert was the financial and economic genius of his age. Remember all those canals I'm so crazy about? Colbert built them. Specifically, he was responsible for the Canal des Deux Mers, transforming France's economy by linking the Mediterranean to the Atlantic.

He also turbo-charged France's economic development by restructing public debt to reduce interest payments and cracking down on tax farmers, reforming (although not ultimately solving) the taxation system of the Ancien Régime by using indirect taxes to get around tax evasion by the First and Second Estate, equalizing (but not ending) internal customs duties, and putting the power of the state into supporting French commerce and manufacturing. This included significant tariffs to support domestic producers, direct public investments into lace and silk manufacturing, and the creation of joint-stock corporations like the French East India Company. (This also meant Colbert's direct promotion of the slave trade and the Code Noir in order to generate hugely profitable investments in Haitian sugar and tobacco plantations for import into France and the rest of Europe.)

This makes it a little difficult to separate out what credit belongs to these guys versus the guy who hired them. What I can say is that Louis was directly responsible for Versailles, but also for the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.

#history #historical analysis #cardinal richelieu #cardinal mazarin #jean baptise colbert #louis xiv #versailles #french history #early modern history #economic development #mercantilism #political economy #early modern state-building #early modern period #early modern europe