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learnyouabiology · 1 year

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Evolution question. I know evolution happens by having 1) variation and 2) outside forces that give advantage to specific variations, and those with disadvantage either die or don't have babies. I also know today humans are "survival of pretty much anyone" rather than "survival of the fittest/most suited", because we have things like healthcare (society being terrible notwithstanding). So how are we still evolving things like lighter bones? Those with heavy bones aren't dying young, and I'm not asking someone if they have heavy bones before making babies with them. I saw medicalnewstoday.com say human evolution is "100x faster"?

Sorry for the slow reply, I have depression.

The first thing you need to know is that everything that reproduces is always evolving, which includes humans. While most people think of evolution in terms of BIG changes, such as new traits and adaptations arising (and eventually leading to new species), evolution is ACTUALLY all about changes in gene variants over time.

(art is my passion)

I know that “changes in gene variants over time” is a weird collection of words, so, to quickly give some context: all humans have the same basic set of genes, but variations of those genes differ from person to person. For example, two random people will both have the collection of genes required for eyes, but one person may have a gene variant for brown eyes and the other blue eyes, or one of them may have a gene variant that causes an astigmatism (thanks, dad). These gene variations are also known as “alleles”.

Reproducing leads to alleles being passed on, which increases their frequency. When an allele is useful, people with that allele tend to have more offspring, which leads to the allele frequency increasing. When an allele causes problems, it tends to decrease in frequency over time. When an allele is neutral, it can increase and decrease randomly in frequency, which is called “genetic drift”. All of these processes happen passively, and even if there are fewer "selective pressures" (such as dying from easily treatable infections), then genetic drift is still occurring, which means evolution is still occurring.

(red and blue both represent neutral alleles, but with random sampling, the red allele still disappeared! neat!)

The SECOND thing you need to know is that "survival of the fittest" doesn't necessarily mean evolution is ONLY about the fittest surviving. Honestly I think the term "survival of the fittest" is a bit misleading. A more accurate statement would be "the alleles which impart traits which are more advantageous in a given environment tend to increase in frequency over long periods of time relative to other alleles", but I admit that that isn’t as punchy on a t-shirt.

(I'd wear it)

This means that it isn’t just about reproducing and not reproducing. It’s also about relative reproduction. If one person (individual A) has one child, and another person (individual B) has three children, then individual B was 3 times more successful, reproductively, and over a long period of time (assuming a similar rate in reproduction in each generation), this leads to BIG differences.

See? They both survived, and they both reproduced, but after only 3 generations, one has FAR more descendants! Just imagine the difference in 10 generations, or 100 generations, or 1000 generations!

Now, consider a theoretical example of two people who have the exact same amount of baby-having desire (lets say they both want 3 babies), but one of them has heavier bones (which I’m going to PRETEND would make it more likely to break a bone, based on literally nothing at all). As a result, they break a bone every five years or so, which perhaps leads to long-lasting issues, such as chronic pain. They will almost definitely survive, and will probably even reproduce, even without the intervention of modern medicine. But they’re likely to have fewer children than the person who wasn’t breaking their legs, relatively speaking, because they spent more time and energy healing instead of having more babies.

(I've decided these theoretical people are both happy as individuals, even though one was TECHNICALLY less "successful", reproductively)

Over time, this difference in "reproductive success" would lead to populations with lighter bones overall.

Imagine if, for both groups of descendants, one person in generation 4 decides not to have children. For the descendants of individual B (and their alleles), this is no big deal, because there are 26 other individuals who might still have children. But for descendants of individual A, this would mean their heavy-boned allele would not be passed on at all!

Now, this doesn't mean heavier-boned people will necessarily die or have no babies. It just means that, over a long period of time, due to genetic drift, heavier bones are more likely to eventually disappear, just from random chance. There's also a fair chance that they'll stick around, just in lower numbers than those with lighter bones.

This is what I would call evolution of modern humans! In basic terms, at least.

Finally, you should know that the "100x faster evolution" term is more of a case of narrative hyperbole rather than a number that represents any mathematical model of actual evolutionary change. The book it came from is reportedly interesting, but has a problem of just saying things without very much supporting evidence, so reviews are mixed.

Any questions?

#evolution #biology #science side of tumblr #I was going to draw stuff on my tablet #but my cat was sleeping on me #so i couldn't reach my tablet #and then I decided my MS Paint rough drafts were actually hilarious #so

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feluka · 1 year

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cat laziness is so contagious. you'll see your cat flopped on its back in your bed a completely comfy cozy baby and you'll be like. you're right. you make a compelling argument.

#my cats make me sleep so much. they're cuddlers so when i decide to lie down for a second #noor folds himself into my arm and shams lies on top of me and the next thing i know i've been asleep for 2 hours

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artharakka · 1 year

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“Äiti itki. Isä lähti huoneesta. Vivian istui nurkassa ja kuunteli vaiti. Kissamme Minni hyppäsi vuoteelle ja käpertyi jalkojeni päälle ja kehräsi, sillä kehräämällä parannetaan sairaita.” — Emmi Itäranta. Kuunpäivän kirjeet

“Mom cried. Dad left the room. Vivian sat in the corner and listened quietly. Our cat Minni jumped on the bed and curled up on my legs and purred, for through purring the sick are healed.” — Emmi Itäranta. The Moonday Letters. Quote tranlated by me (unofficial)

#my beloved baby Minni passed last weekend and it has been rough #I loved her so much #I've grown so much since I first held her when I was eleven years old #she was with me so long and still it came too soon #I still love her so much #it's a silly little pillow but she liked to sleep next to it #@artist-rat 's grandma bought it specifically for her #tiny cat pillow for tiny cat baby #animal death

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attleboy · 4 months

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little doodle to celebrate going into 2024!!! 🎉 idk what's coming but may we make the best of it :D

#idk about you guys but i'm Exhausted... i'm gonna go sleep.... zzzz #the amazing digital circus #tadc #pomni #my art #okay hiding sappy stuff in the tags #thank you guys for the warm reception over here!! idk if you know my 'lore' but i hadn't drawn much the last couple years #tadc and you lovely folks have helped me get back in touch with this passion of mine and it feels great to be actively making stuff again #okay enough emotions look at this cat partying hard 🍾🐱🎉

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daily-grian · 2 months

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look at my snail

#mcyt #grian #hermitcraft #grian fanart #daily-grian #mod owl #drew this while my cat is trying to sleep on me

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lunarcrown · 8 months

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Ok so @redstonedust made THIS POST about it seeming like many people had a bedroom in scarland EXCEPT scar, which made me draw this lil thing of him just sleeping on a random scarland bench:

But it was lowkey so sad so aqua was like what if impulse found him while on a nightly round to check the evening announcement and saw scar and REFUSED to let him sleep on a bench anymore!!! And luckily enough, he’s got a brand new office right nearby with a big ol bed for all of them!! And who would Scar be to pass up Impulse cuddling to boot??

#also he let Scar borrow one of his PJs so now they are MAX COMFY #impulsesv #gtws #jellie the cat #goodtimeswithscar #my art #if u ever see me drawing the SLEEPIEST things it’s bc I’m sleepy so OFF I GO #gnight sleep well yall #also he’s letting his wings out as a treat

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sweeneydino · 1 month

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Climbers

Separate vvv

They climb everything-

It was way worse when they were younger though.

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napping-sapphic · 2 months

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Good luck trying to casually cuddle with me if we date we’d lay down and get nice and cozy and then i would fall asleep in two seconds flat and trap you for four hours

#wlw #wlw mood #sapphic #sapphism #lesbian #@ our cat this is at you #she layed on me and sent me into a four hour nap right before bed time #so now it’s 4 am and i can’t sleep smh #i get warm or see another creature be sleepy and my brain is like NAP TIME #inconvenient🙄#but also god i love naps it’s so nice #have i made this post before?? probably idk #i post about sleepinng so much #sorry #i just #LOVE sleeping so much #and i sleep a lot so like i don’t have much else to talk about tbh??#im gay and i like sleeping

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homkamiro · 4 months

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Sorry for not posting anything for a while I've been busy and tired and tired and busy and

#i drew it like #last week maybe idk #it's nothing just my stress relief #sometimes when I go to sleep I think about sniperscout cuddling like cats and it makes me sleep better #team fortress 2 #speeding bullet #homa rambles

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reallilystuff · 2 months

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big kibby = big sleebgy cuddle. loaf cat vs employee who literally cannot sleep on the job who will win (hint: it's loaf cat 🍞)

#listen I know he would not do that peacefully and I know the nightmares would kick my ass but #but I have the biggest squish and my brainrot is more powerful so nuh-uh #poppy playtime #poppy playtime fanart #poppy playtime catnap #poppy playtime chapter 3 #catnap #catnap fanart #smiling critters #poppy playtime deep sleep #smiling critters catnap #reallilystuffart #the brainrot got to me yall #can you IMAGINE the rumbles of a purring cat that big. dude. actual massage chair i'd fucking fall asleeb too

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cupid-ghoul · 26 days

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ghouls have fur and toe beans

that means they probably clean the spaces in between their toes like cats do

ghouls groom themselves and each other to bond and for comfort

that means there will be hair balls

can you imagine you're a sibling sneaking through the ministry at night and hear the typical cat hacking sound only to see swiss on all fours on the ground, his body doing the 🦗🦟🦗🦟🦗 , dry heaving and hurling up a huge hair ball

after that he just scurries off and you're left in the dark hallway with a hairball the size of a golf ball

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deafening-radio-silence · 2 months

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I think that Dr. Christina "I was an excellent soldier" Raynor needs to deal with some personal things before she's anyone's therapist, because she strong-armed more of Bucky's autonomy away from him than Zemo did within the series.

#yeah man make amends for the shit that happened when you didn't even have control over your own thoughts #so she was giving him a way to “fix things” but that wasn't on him to do so #all she did was doubly reinforce what he already thinks - which is a justified but false and guilt-laden perception - about the situation #idk much about therapy but i don't think that they're sposed to do that. correct me if i'm wrong and then i'll go fight all therapists #bucky barnes #tfaws #alpine #my art #thank you for putting up with my drawings of a comic book character and his asshole cat lol #i had to put my dog down recently in a bad way and i can't rightfully get another house dog with my current work schedule #so i got a cat since they can handle being inside for the day and the shelter lady said she's super antisocial towards other cats #she's super antisocial towards me sometimes too but she sleeps on me at night and my house has never been cleaner #now that i have to vacuum cat fur and mind what i leave lying on the counter #i've never liked cats before but she's special i guess idk ain't everyone's cat special lol #anyway i'll stop using my tumblr blog as a blog now lol

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luminarai · 4 days

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Attempting to get the beast used to a dental hygiene routine is… well, it’s going.

(She stayed that way for a solid 8 seconds despite hating being held belly up so I think it’s safe to say that Mim is not beating the ‘tiny speaker playing elevator music instead of a brain’ allegations any time soon.)

#cecil blogs her life #my art #digital art #artists on tumblr #Mim the cat #cats on tumblr #cat art #comics #black cats #she’s actually pretty good about it normally - like she doesn’t enjoy it but she lets me do it without too many complaints #ofc I make sure to do it as quickly as possible and give her lots of dental friendly rewards lmao #she’s currently sleeping on top of me so I think I’m forgiven #I don’t believe she has any current dental issues so it’s mostly preventative #esp bc we don’t know exactly how old she is or what her life was like before I adopted her #this is probably seven different kinds of heretical but anyway #shout out to Tom my childhood priest who once told me not to take the bible literally after I asked him where the dinos were supposed to #fit into genesis. incredible. anyway I’m a non believing heathen now so meh #who cares #these tags are a RIDE wtf cecil

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stockcarbaby24 · 10 days

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I just wanna ramble about the Team Torque episode all in one post so thoughts below the cut for people who wanna listen to the chaos on their own. Would recommend- I'll say that up here cause it was such a fun mess 😭

Okay just some of my fav things or things I wanna touch on:

Alex just constantly teasing/dunking on Oscar 😭😭 He really is just giving off older brother vibes with all of these new young drivers

I think technically Alex is gen z... or he's right at the cut off with what year he was born... but he has never seemed more out of touch/lost then we you smash him next to those two chaotic gen z babies. Not in a bad way- he was just giving me suffering millennial vibes for half of that thing and making me laugh

Logan and Oscar are both so lame 😭 like them just being like 'idk we sat in our rooms,' they didn't have any answers to the questions- they are ridiculous! Do they just both power down after the race weekend and then just reactivate when it's time to get on the plane?? I love them dearly.

Touching back on the room thing... Alex insinuating they're staying in the same room, sleeping together........ ALEX PLEASE.

All the drivers stuck in the same hotel?? Chaos. One of you leak the footage. I know something crazy is happening somewhere.

Logan and Alex talking about golfing and teasing Oscar about not playing, heehee

Alex's 'hear me out' about the Cars' character a;ldkfj;sdl

Oscar just being exasperated and asking if this is how these always go 😭 Williams I need you to drop the cut footage, I'll watch it all trust.

The talk of the babies in F4 together and then Alex saying he watched them in F3 🥹

WHY DID THEY KEEP TALKING ABOUT CRASHING. Like Alex, Logan, after the luck you've had stoP

And finally everyone teasing Oscar about being a napper

#I'm sorry that was a lot but I knew this was going to rewire my brain chemistry #I love this little paddle trio with my life now and need more #team torque #williams racing #logan sargeant #oscar piastri #alex albon #loscar #hope someone at least finds joy in this post cause I had to kick my cat out of my desk chair where she was sleeping to type this out #like this post for her not me

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gophergal · 4 months

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Shout-out to women who don't shave. Y'all have the right idea cause that shit is annoying

#gopher art #spice ish #team fortress 2 #tf2 medic #tf2 demoman #tf2 soldier #tf2 heavy #tf2 sniper #fem fortress #heavymedic #red Oktoberfest #i did in fact perhaps draw women with bodyhair as i proposed yesterday #also i gave heavy my bodytype subconsciously which is kinda fucking hilarious. wish i were that tall though lmao #soldier is saying “private you know not to disturb your commanding officer's rest” to the racoon #based on how my cat jumps on me when im trying to sleep

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favoure · 8 months

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a lifetime of indentured servitude

used this frame from the mv of "femme fatale" by kedarui as ref for this piece ! just thought that it fit them perfectly orz

#clownzy #branzypierce #branzy #branzycraft #clownpierce #lifesteal #lifesteal smp #mcyt #favourarts #TARGET AUDIENCE ???? TARGET AUDIENCE HELLOOOOOO ??????#i trapped him in the safest base vid changed my life #o7 doing my work in Continuing The Fandom as branzy said . np king #idk what possessed me to do a full fledge illust for this like #i usually dont have the patience to work on the same piece for days in a row #but for this one I Just Did . Huh ....#OKAY LIFE UPDATE college is crazy guys im like 2 weeks in and thank god we have a cat in our dorm i wouldve gone crazy by now if #it werent for the little fella #also its like almost 1am n i probably should sleep now ermmm LMAO #idk wat else 2 say my brain is not working rn it rlly is sleepy time #okay gn everyone i hope u enjoy the toxic yaois zzz

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