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#john rainey
surroundedbytheworld · 5 months
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Why I Left Christianity
by John Rainey (2023)
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deppjohnnyforever · 6 months
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johnnydeppsoldier · 1 year
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Johnny Depp as Mort Rainey ❤
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moonspower · 9 months
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✨ king of the hill verse! aka 'hey, these white people are nutty: the musical.'
virote srisati is the new counselor at tom landry middle school and while he enjoys his time in arlen, texas... he can't help but feel like his neighbors are getting on his god damn nerves. god bless dale gribble, that man believes jfk is on the moon and that the chemicals in the water won't stop turning the frogs gay. but, it's fine. despite everyone's uncouth, 90s middle class american behavior, virote's grown attached to the residents of rainey street.
he spends a lot of his time talking shit with mihn soupanousinphone, his neighbor from laos. once the caucasians start acting up, they're standing there together. watching. it's fun.
would love to take peggy hill down a notch. he doesn't like her baseless confidence.
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itzmematthias · 1 year
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How I feel on Sundays after an exhausting week of work
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zickmonkey · 6 days
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Decided to start working on cancerbook again but I think I lost all of my Tommy research :(
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virjohnnylibra99 · 6 months
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Poll 4
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hellocanticle · 7 months
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Andrew Rathbun's "The Speed of Time"
SteepleChase Records 391950 I rarely write about jazz, mostly because it is a genre with which I am less familiar. I confess to a lack of knowledge (though I’m working on it) of jazz, especially of the last twenty years or so. And as a result I have some reluctance to write about jazz but when I first listened to this disc I found that the music spoke to this listener’s ears immediately and…
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perfettamentechic · 9 months
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25 luglio … ricordiamo …
25 luglio … ricordiamo … #semprevivineiricordi #nomidaricordare #personaggiimportanti #perfettamentechic
2022: Paul Sorvino, Paul Anthony Sorvino, attore e regista statunitense di origini italiane. Figlio di Ford Sorvino, originario di Napoli, e di Angela Renzi, originaria di Casacalenda, in provincia di Campobasso, Paul Sorvino studiò all’American Musical and Dramatic Academy di New York nel tentativo di diventare cantante lirico. Non riuscendo a concretizzare il suo sogno, in quanto affetto da una…
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anarchywoofwoof · 5 months
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whenever someone wants to start blabbering about how damaging shoplifting and theft is to a business, particularly a place like Walmart, Target or nearly any big box retail establishment, be sure to look up the company's annual revenue.
and when you start playing out the numbers, it gets absolutely fucking absurd real fast.
for example, let's use Walmart.
the CEO of Walmart - Doug McMillon - his net worth is $280 million.
this is a person who made $24.1 million in fiscal 2023 alone.
that's about 933x the median salary of a Walmart employee.
let's have some more fun with numbers, shall we?
if you used only the ceo's salary of $24.1 million per year here's what you could buy in (men's) clothes from Walmart!
300,000 Hanes Men's ComfortSoft Crewneck T-Shirt - Pack Of 5 ($20)
500,000 Athletic Works Men's Crew Socks - Pack of 12 ($11)
250,000 George Men's Cotton Stretch Regular Leg Boxer Briefs - Pack of 6 ($20)
250,000 George Regular Fit Jeans - 1 pair ($13)
250,000 George Men's 38mm Single Loop Casual Belt - 1 belt ($7)
150,000 Athletic Works Men's Banded Jogger Slip-on - 1 pair ($15)
and he would still have $350,000 left over!
mind you - this is only the CEO!
Walmart CFO (Chief Financial Officer) John David Rainey made $39,725,601 during the same time period.
Walmart Chief Technology and Development Officer Suresh Kumar made $16,107,812 during the same time period.
Sam's Club President & CEO Kathryn McLay made $11,934,475 during the same time period.
Walmart President & CEO of Walmart International Judith McKenna made $13,526,160 during the same time period.
collectively, Walmart's Executive Staff was compensated to the tune of $120,900,000 during fiscal 2023.
so you know those numbers up there? all of those clothes that you can now commonly find locked behind glass at your local Walmart that you could buy with the CEO's annual salary?
multiply those figures by five, and now you have what you could buy with ONE YEAR of all of the Walmart executives' pay combined.
that's enough to give everyone in the City of Chicago, IL two free t-shirts.
the name of the game is greed. this is one corporation - albeit a huge one. and just one single solitary fiscal year of earnings.
extrapolate this across 5-10 years. could you imagine the untold number of lives we could change if these executives agreed to forego their insane salaries for a short period of time? it would almost certainly not cause them any undue struggle because of the sheer amount of wealth and resources they have.
it'll never happen, but don't let anyone convince you that it has to be this way. we are being gaslit by people with more money than we will ever see in many lifetimes so that they can live a life of luxury unseen by 90% of the population. stop letting them pull the wool over your eyes and call it what it is: pure, unadulterated greed.
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kemetic-dreams · 4 months
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Several African American blues singers and musicians composed songs about the culture of Hoodoo, including W.C. Handy, Bessie Smith, Robert Johnson, Big Lucky Carter, and Al Williams. African American blues performers were influenced by the culture of Hoodoo and wrote songs about mojo bags, love workings, and spirits. Their songs brought awareness of Hoodoo practices to the American mainstream population.
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Several blues songs describe love charms or other folk magic. In her "Louisiana Hoodoo Blues" Gertrude Ma Rainey sang about a Hoodoo work to keep a man faithful: ""Take some of you hair, boil it in a pot, Take some of your clothes, tie them in a knot, Put them in a snuff can, bury them under the step…." Bessie Smith's song "Red Mountain Blues" tells of a fortune teller who recommends that a woman get some snakeroot and a High John the Conqueror root, chew them, place them in her boot and pocket to make her man love her. Several other Bessie Smith songs also mention Hoodoo. The song "Got My Mojo Working," written by Preston "Red" Foster in 1956 and popularized by Muddy Waters throughout his career, addresses a woman who is able to resist the power of the singer's Hoodoo amulets.
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Hoodoo practitioner Aunt Caroline Dye was born enslaved in Spartanburg, South Carolina and sold to New Port, Arkansas as a child, where she became known for soothsaying and divination with playing cards. She is mentioned by name in the Memphis Jug Band's "Aunt Caroline Dye Blues" (1930) and in Johnny Temple's song "Hoodoo Woman" (1937).
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Blues singer Robert Johnson is known for his song about going "down to the crossroads" to sell his soul to the devil to become a better musician. Some authors suggest that the song invokes a Hoodoo belief in crossroads spirits, a belief that originated in Central Africa among the Kongo people. However, the devil figure in Johnson's song, a black man with a cane who haunts crossroads, closely resembles Papa Legba, a spirit associated with Louisiana Voodoo and Haitian Vodou
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deppjohnnyforever · 3 months
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baeddel · 1 year
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the phrase ‘death of the author’ is quite common in discussions of books these days, or anything else, although most people certainly use it to mean something other than what Barthes meant by it. what most people mean by ‘death of the author’ is that the author doesn’t have the final say on what their writing means, so appealing to what the author intended to say is not acceptable. well, i might not disagree with that, but its a much older notion, and has an older name, 'the intentional fallacy.' christened by Wimsatt & Beardsley in 1946, summarizing the argument as so: "the design or intention of the author is neither available nor desirable as a standard for judging the success of a work of literary art" (1).
they also coined the term 'the affective fallacy', which is sort of the opposite: judging a work in terms of its effect on the reader. their coinages are a bit mean-spirited. they call it a 'fallacy', so anyone who disagrees with them looks like a moron. they're not really fallacies—it is entirely lawful to disagree with Wimsatt & Beardsley about intention and affect. anyway, the reason they want to eliminate intention and affect from discussion is that they were part of the New Critical school and their philosophy was that a work of art is entirely confined to its objective formal-structural qualities. nobody talks about art that way anymore, and Barthes makes a dismissive quip about them in Death of the Author ("the new criticism has often done no more than to consolidate [the Author]", 3).
Barthes actually doesn't eliminate authorial intention in Death of the Author. his 'scriptor' (a replacement for the term Author, which i don't think he ever uses again) is still an organizing presence within the text. they have a design or intention—which all writers must do, apart from NovelAI—and whether or not it's available or desirable as an object of criticism doesn't come up. Barthes' point is rather that writers of narratives or poetry, in adopting a narrative or poetical voice, can only speak in a castrated way; they abdicate their own speech and speak as someone else, or something else: the dense literary system of codes. tropes, devices. even in a first-person account, when the author writes "I thought . . .", we are aware that they are not reporting their own real thoughts, but are relating a character's thoughts. or, if it is an authorial intrusion into a third person text, we don't think the author is really interrupting the narrative because they must say something which they really believe—we recognize it is a device, the device known as 'authorial intrusion', which accomplishes a certain prose effect. the moment we depart from the preface and journey into chapter one we lose access to the author's own, real voice. you see what i'm saying? it's not the critic that kills the author—it's the author.
today this is a much less surprising point, and most books assume you understand it. most of you have read Homestuck, or Umineko, or anything else which makes complicated use of literary devices. readers are not confused by them. in fact, it's hard to imagine being confused by it. but there was a time when people did seem to be very confused about what was happening in these books. even in the 1980s Gerard Genette is devoting some ink to explain to other critics that Proust's À la recherche du temps perdu is not a reliable source of biographical information about Proust. there is a great book called Revisiting the Waste Land by Lawrence Rainey, which is a long treatment of T. S. Eliot's the Waste Land (i know, i never shut up about that one) using some combination of paleography, reception studies and literary criticism. in the last chapter, which is all about the poem's contemporary reception, Lawrence quotes most of a letter a guy called John Peale Bishop sent his friend "Bunny" after reading the Waste Land where he talks through his struggle to understand it. among his confusions, Lawrence writes, "he is clearly entertaining two different, perhaps incompatible readings of the poem: he is convinced that it represents a certain reckoning with the modern world [. . .], but is also predisposed to view it in very traditional terms that regard lyrical poetry as a form of autobiography, a rehearsal of personal experience" (106).
Bishop ends his last letter on the subject with the amusing conclusion that "Thomas’s sexual troubles are undoubtedly extreme." other contemporary reviews of the poem encounter the same problem, trying to grasp it as both social commentary and lyric poetry. neither are really appropriate to the Waste Land—it's an artifact of how people read poetry in the period. Edmund Wilson writes that "I say, Mr. Eliot is a poet—that is, he feels intensely and with distinction and speaks naturally in beautiful verse" (111). feeling intensely is offered as a definition of 'poet', here. so if you can't access the poet's feelings and treat the poem as direct speech, you can't even call it poetry. this is the kind of criticism that Barthes is attacking in Death of the Author: the idea that works of art are expressions of an author's personal feelings, or their genius, or their life story. He writes, "[t]he image of literature to be found in ordinary culture is tyrannically centered on the author, his person, his life, his tastes, his passions" (3). which he calls 'capitalist ideology'!
really, we should probably never hear the phrase 'death of the author' today, because the kind of criticism that Barthes is attacking in that essay is so outmoded, so old fashioned, that it is by now extremely strange to us. i think the reason it has currency is that Barthes is French, and French men of letters get associated with a kind of extreme skepticism, even when it's inappropriate. meanwhile, all discussions about art are haunted by spectres of skepticism. what if i like different things than you? what if i intepret it differently? i think that aesthetic judgements cannot be justified. it is in all cases mere personal preference, up to unqualified interpretation, and anything else is hocus pocus. because i think that's true, then i must think it's true for everyone, not only me and my judgements—i think it's an objective fact about the evaluation of art. because of this fact, anyone who attempts to talk about art will be driven insane, trying to come up with justifications for claims for which justification is a priori impossible. they are like Don Quixote, jousting windmills. and if you are Don Quixote, jousting windmills, you'll need a Sancho Panza to doubt you, who may as well be Roland Barthes.
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queerasfact · 1 year
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Queer Calendar 2023
We put together a calendar of key (mostly queer) dates at the start of the year to help us with scheduling - so I thought I’d share it around! Including pride and visibility days, some queer birthdays and anniversaries, and a few other bits and bobs. Click the links for more info - I dream one day of having a queer story for every day of the year!
This is obviously not an exhaustive list - if I’ve overlooked something important to you, feel free to add it in the reblogs!
January
3 - Bisexual American jazz-age heiress Henrietta Bingham born 1901
8 - Queer Australian bushranger Captain Moonlite born 1845; gay American art collector Ned Warren born 1860
11 - Pennsylvania celebrates Rosetta Tharpe Day in honour of bisexual musician Rosetta Tharpe
12 - Japanese lesbian author Nobuko Yoshiya born 1896
22 - Lunar New Year (Year of the Rabbit)
24 - Roman emperor Hadrian, famous for his relationship with Antinous, born 76CE; gay Prussian King Frederick the Great born 1712
27 - International Holocaust Remembrance Day
February
LGBT+ History Month (UK, Hungary)
Black History Month (USA and Canada)
1 - Feast of St Brigid, a saint especially important to Irish queer women
5 - Operation Soap, a police raid on gay bathhouses in Toronto, Canada, spurs massive protests, 1981
7 - National Black HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (USA)
18 - US Black lesbian writer and activist Audre Lorde born 1934
12 - National Freedom to Marry Day (USA)
19-25 - Aromantic Spectrum Awareness Week
March
Women’s History Month
1 - Black Women in Jazz and the Arts Day
8 - International Women’s Day
9 - Bi British writer David Garnett born 1892
12 - Bi Polish-Russian ballet dancer Vaslav Nijinsky born 1889 or 1890
13 March-15 April - Deaf History Month
14 - American lesbian bookseller and publisher Sylvia Beach born 1887
16 - French lesbian artist Rosa Bonheur born 1822
20 - Bi US musician Rosetta Tharpe born 1915
21 - World Poetry Day
24 - The Wachowski sisters’ cyberpunk trans allegory The Matrix premiers 1999
April
Jazz Appreciation Month
Black Women’s History Month
National Poetry Month (USA)
3 - British lesbian diarist Anne Lister born 1791
8 - Trans British racing driver and fighter pilot Roberta Cowell born 1918
9 -  Bi Australia poet Lesbia Harford born 1891; Easter Sunday
10 - National Youth HIV & AIDS Awareness Day (USA)
14 - Day of Silence
15 - Queer Norwegian photographer and suffragist Marie Høeg born 1866
17 - Costa-Rican-Mexican lesbian singer Chavela Vargas born 1919
21-22 - Eid al-Fitr
25 - Gay English King Edward II born 1284
26 - Lesbian Day of Visibility; bi American blues singer Ma Rainey born 1886
29 - International Dance Day
30 - International Jazz Day
May
1 - Trans British doctor and Buddhist monk Michael Dillon born 1915
7 - International Family Equality Day
7 - Gay Russian composer Pyotr Tchaikovsky born 1840
15 - Australian drag road-trip comedy The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert premiers in 1994
 17 - IDAHOBIT (International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia, Intersexism and Transphobia)
18 - International Museum Day
19 - Agender Pride Day
22 - US lesbian tailor and poet Charity Bryant born 1777
22 - Harvey Milk Day marks the birth of gay US politician Harvey Milk 1930
23 - Premier of Pride, telling the story of the 1980s British activist group Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners
24 - Pansexual and Panromantic Awareness and Visibility Day; Queer Chinese-Japanese spy Kawashima Yoshiko born 1907
26 - queer American astronaut Sally Ride born 1951
29 - Taiwanese lesbian writer Qiu Miaojin born 1969
June
Pride Month
Indigenous History Month (Canada)
3 - Bisexual American-French performer, activist and WWII spy Josephine Baker born 1906
5 - Queer Spanish playwright and poet Federico García Lorca born 1898; bi English economic John Maynard Keynes born 1883
8 - Mechanic and founder of Australia’s first all-female garage, Alice Anderson, born 1897
10 - Bisexual Israeli poet Yona Wallach born 1944
12 - Pulse Night of Remembrance, commemorating the 2012 shooting at the Pulse nightclub, Orlando
14 - Australian activists found the Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands in 2004
18 - Sally Ride becomes the first know queer woman in space
24 - The first Sydney Mardi Gras 1978
25 - The rainbow flag first flown as a queer symbol in 1978
28 - Stonewall Riots, 1969
28 June-2 July - Eid al-Adha
30 - Gay German-Israeli activist, WWII resistance member and Holocaust survivor Gad Beck born 1923
July
1 - Gay Dutch WWII resistance fighter Willem Arondeus killed - his last words were “Tell the people homosexuals are no cowards”
2-9 - NAIDOC Week (Australia) celebrating Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture
6 - Bi Mexican artist Frida Kahlo born 1907
12 or 13 - Roman emperor Julius Caesar born c.100BCE
14 - International Non-Binary People’s Day
23 - Shelly Bauman, owner of Seattle gay club Shelly’s Leg, born 1947; American lesbian cetenarian Ruth Ellis born 1899; gay American professor, tattooist and sex researcher Sam Steward born 1909
25 - Italian-Australian trans man Harry Crawford born 1875
August
8 - International Cat Day
9 - Queer Finnish artist, author and creator of Moomins Tove Jansson born 1914
9 - International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples
11 - Russian lesbian poet Sofya Parnok born 1885
12 - Queer American blues musician Gladys Bentley born 1907
13 - International Left-Handers Day
22 - Gay WWII Dutch resistance fight Willem Arondeus born 1894
24 - Trans American drag queen and activist Marsha P Johnson born 1945
26 - National Dog Day
30 - Bi British author Mary Shelley 1797
31 - Wear it Purple Day (Australia - queer youth awareness)
September
5 - Frontman of Queen Freddie Mercury born 1946
6 - Trans Scottish doctor and farmer Ewan Forbes born 1912
13 - 1990 documentary on New York’s ball culture Paris is Burning premiers
15-17 - Rosh Hashanah
16-23 - Bisexual Awareness Week
17 - Gay Prussian-American Inspector General of the US Army Baron von Steuben born 1730
23 - Celebrate Bisexuality Day
24 - Gay Australian artist William Dobell born 1889
30 - International Podcast Day
October
Black History Month (Europe)
4 - World Animal Day
5 - National Poetry Day (UK)
5 - Queer French diplomat and spy the Chevalière d’Éon born 1728
8 - International Lesbian Day
9 - Indigenous Peoples’ Day (USA)
11 - National Coming Out Day
16 - Irish writer Oscar Wilde born 1854
18 - International Pronouns Day
22-28 - Asexual Awareness Week
26 - Intersex Awareness Day
31 - American lesbian tailor Sylvia Drake born 1784
November
8 - Intersex Day of Remembrance
12 - Diwali; Queer Mexican nun Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz born c.1648
13-19 - Transgender Awareness Week
20 - Trans American writer, lawyer, activist and priest Pauli Murray born 1910; Transgender Day of Remembrance
27 - Antinous, lover of the Roman emperor Hadrian, born c.111; German lesbian drama Mädchen in Uniform premiers, 1931
29 - Queer American writer Louisa May Alcott born 1832
December
AIDS Awareness Month
1 - World AIDS Day
2 - International Day for the Abolition of Slavery
3 - International Day of Persons with Disabilities
8 - Pansexual Pride Day; queer Swedish monarch Christina of Sweden born 1626
10 - Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners host Pits and Perverts concern to raise mining for striking Welsh miners, 1984
14 - World Monkey Day
15 - Roman emperor Nero born 37CE
24 - American drag king and bouncer Stormé DeLarverie born 1920
25 - Christmas
29 - Trans American jazz musician Billy Tipton born 1914
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my fictional band JFKFC's biggest influences
(they are ranked from biggest to smallest but the ones at the bottom are still very important)
Bob Dylan
The Beatles
The Jimi Hendrix Experience
Aretha Franklin
Chuck Berry
Buddy Holly
Elvis Presley
Led Zeppelin
Carl Perkins
Little Richard
Fats Domino
Gene Vincent
Lonnie Donegan
Phil Spector
Ravi Shankar
Roy Orbison
The Isley Brothers
The Everly Brothers
Arthur Alexander
Eddie Cochran
Smokey Robinson
Larry Williams
The Shirelles
The Supremes
Little Willie John
The Marvelettes
The Shadows
Bill Haley
Buck Owens
Jerry Lee Lewis
Johnny Kidd & The Pirates
Bo Diddley
The Band
King Curtis
Carole King
Slim Whitman
Billie Holiday
Clara Ward
Dinah Washington
Mahalia Jackson
Ruth Brown
Sam Cooke
Sarah Vaughan
Big Maybelle
Sister Rosetta Tharpe
Willie Mae Ford Smith
Wynona Carr
Bessie Smith
Dorothy Love Coates
Ella Fitzgerald
Esther Phillips
James Cleveland
Johnny Ace
LaVern Baker
Ma Rainey
Nat King Cole
Nina Simone
Arizona Dranes
Blind Lemon Jefferson
Dave Van Ronk
Hank Williams
Rev. Gary Davis
Woody Guthrie
Allen Ginsberg
Bill Monroe
Blind Willie McTell
Cisco Houston
Hary Smith
Jimmie Rodgers
Leadbelly
Johnny Cash
Little Richard
Mississippi John Hurt
Odessa
Pete Seeger
Ramblin’ Jack Elliott
Bascom Lamar Lunsford
Clarence Ashley
Dock Boggs
Jesse Fuller
Robert Johnson
John Jacob Niles
Lefty Frizzell
The Carter Family
Victoria Spivey
Alan Lomax
Doc Primus
Doc Watson
Mississippi Sheiks
The Weavers
Roscoe Holcomb
George Gershwin
Percy Mayfield
Blind Boy Fuller
Josephine Baker
Frank Hutchison
Ewan MacColl
Billy Lee Riley
B.B. King
John Coltrane
The Yardbirds
Little Richard
Howlin’ Wolf
Muddy Waters
Cream
T-Bone Walker
The Impressions
Buddy Guy
Elmore James
Freddie King
Hubert Sumlin
Little Walter
Jimmy Reed
Lonnie Mack
Albert Collins
Bobby Womack
Curtis Mayfield
Earl Hooker
Esquerita
Johnny “Guitar” Watson
Ike Turner
Charley Patton
James Brown
Johnny Jenkins
Randy Hansen
Charlie Christian
Moby Grape
Fairport Convention
Otis Rush
Sonny Boy Williamson II
Willie Dixon
Anne Briggs
Bert Jansch
John Renbourn
The Creation
The Rolling Stones
Blind Willie Johnson
Davy Graham
Fleetwood Mac
James Cotton
Johnny Burnette
Memphis Minnie
Small Faces
Jake Holmes
Spirit
Tim Rose
Vanilla Fudge
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mogai-sunflowers · 1 year
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MOGAI BHM- Belated Day 21!
happy BHM! today i’m going to be talking about some famous ‘black firsts’!
Black Firsts in Science-
In 1965, David Harold Blackwell became the first Black member of the National Academy of Sciences
Robert H. Lawrence was the first Black astronaut; Mae Jemison was the first Black female astronaut, and Guion Bluford was the first Black astronaut to actually travel in space
Thomas Jennings was the first Black patent holder in the U.S, and Judy Reed was the first Black woman patent holder in the U.S
Daniel Hale Williams performed the first successful heart surgery
James Smith was the first officially trained Black American doctor
Robert Freeman was the first Black American dentist
Black Firsts in Politics-
Macon Allen was the first Black American admitted to a law school, and Charlotte Ray was the first Black woman admitted to a law school.
William Henry Hastie was the first Black federal Judge, and Constance Motley was the first Black female federal Judge
Thurgood Marshall was the first Black SCOTUS Justice
Alexander Lucius Twilight was the first Black state-elected official
Pierre Landry was the first Black city mayor, and Carl Stokes was the first Black mayor of a major US city
Jonathan Wright was the first Black state supreme court justice
Hiram Revels was the first appointed Black US Senator, and Edward Brooke was the first elected Black US Senator
P.B.S Pinchback was the first appointed Black state governor
Crystal Fauset was the first Black female legislator in the US
Shirley Chisholm was the first Black female U.S representative
Carol Braun was the first Black female U.S Senator
Joseph Rainey was the first Black person to serve in the US House of Representatives
Joseph Jenkins Roberts was the first African-American president of any nation (Liberia)
Black Firsts in Education-
Theodore Wright was the first Black graduate of an Ivy League School
Lucy Stanton was the first Black woman to graduate college in America
Charles Reason was the first Black college professor
Daniel Payne was the first Black college president
Dr. David Peck was the first Black person to graduate from medical school
Alexander Lucius Twilight was the first Black person to receive a degree from an American college
Mary Patterson was the first Black American woman to earn a B.A
Fanny Coplin was the first Black woman to become principal of a school
Richard Greener was the first Black Harvard graduate
Black Firsts in the Arts-
Lucy Terry was the first Black American poet and Phillis Wheatley was the first published Black American poet
Gwendolyn Brooks was the first Black Pulitzer Prize winner
William Brown was the first Black American novelist, and Harriett Wilson was the first Black female American novelist
Toni Morrison was the first Black winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature
Francis Johnson was the first published Black American musical composer
Marian Anderson was the first Black member of the Metropolitan Opera
Harry Swan was the first Black American to found a record label, Black Swan Records
Count Basie was the first Black person to win a Grammy, and Ella Fitzgerald was the first Black woman to win a Grammy
William Lane was the first nationally famous Black dancer, and Arthur Mitchell was the first Black principal dancer in a major dance company
Oscar Micheaux was the first Black film director
Hattie McDaniel was the first Black person to win an Oscar, and Juanita Hall was the first Black person to win a Tony
William Still was the first Black American to both direct a major orchestra and have their composition performed by a major orchestra
Black Firsts in Sports-
Oliver Lewis was the first Black jockey to Win Kentucky Derby
Moses Walker was the first Black professional baseball player
John Shippen Jr. was the first Black professional Golfer
Marshall “Major” Taylor was the first Black world cycling champion
George Poage was the first Black Olympic medalist at the Summer games, and John Taylor was the first Black Olympic gold medalist at the Summer games
Jackie Robinson was the first 20th century Black MLB player
Rajo Jack de Soto was the first Black professional race car driver
Willie Thrower was the first Black NFL quarterback
Willie O’Ree was the first Black NHL player
Alice Coachman was the first Black woman to win an individual gold medal at the summer olympic games
tagging @metalheadsforblacklivesmatter @bfpnola @intersexfairy 
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