#e=mc2

[eightiesfan]

#e=mc2 #coffee #sunday morning #meme

[oliviabutsmart]

Physics Friday #8: E = mc^2; the most famous equation in history

Well I didn't really have anything else that I could write up in an hour, so I might as well use the topic idea I had already announced as a proper idea.

Preamble: The Equation Itself

Education level: High School (Y9/10)

Topic: Relativity, Particle Physics (Physics)

E = mc² - what does it mean? Well of course you may have heard the phrase "Energy is equivalent or can be converted into mass" but like ... how exactly?

People who've done a bit of reading into this know that this equation also isn't the full picture. Because this equation describes only the resting energy of an object i.e. the energy of something that is not moving at all.

This equation actually has the capacity to encapsulate the TOTAL energy of something, not just the "mass energy" of the particle.

We also need to ask what we mean by energy or mass. That's what we'll cover first.

What is Energy?

Energy, just like a lot of things, gets very abstract. Energy is here, energy is there, energy is everywhere!

This vapid and confusing description of energy often gets taken advantage of by those people, y'know the quacks and the sort.

Energy is actually a much more grounded thing that we can understand.

Work - The Electron Gets a Job

Energy is founded in the concept of work. Work comes in many forms, but is usually introduced under the definition of mechanical work:

The capacity to move an object with mass a particular distance; Work = Force × Distance

With this, work is rather simple, it's just about the ability to move heavy objects around.

What we do next is we need a definition of energy. We can almost intrinsically link work to energy using mechanical kinetic energy:

Mechanical kinetic energy is the capacity to do work and is created by an application of work.

This form of energy is intrinsically tied to both work and momentum. It is quite literally circularly related to work itself. Work is the capacity to change an object's kinetic energy.

The difference is that work is an act while kinetic energy is a property. They exist by their very nature.

Now, mechanical kinetic energy isn't the only type of energy. There's thermal energy, potential energy, and non-mechanical kinetic energy. these types are defined as follows:

Energy is the capacity to do work.

This may seem the same as the previous definition, but note that it is different. Not all forms of energy can be directly be the result of work. But instead there consists of a chain of several reactions and actions that eventually leads to the energy we want.

This very core definition of energy is what we say is 'everywhere'. The air itself contains thermal energy. You can pull energy out of the heat of the atmosphere - that's how things like melting or water evaporation works.

Electromagnetic radiation also contains energy, in the sense that light can interact with objects and push them i.e. doing work.

What and Why is Mass?

Mass is a bit different, primarily because we don't actually have a singular definition of mass. It changes based on the fact that it has multiple properties and sources.

Inertial Mass

This type of mass appears to be the most fundamental. It comes from the equation F = ma, or p = mv.

Inertial mass is the capacity to resist changes in momentum.

When you try to apply work to an object's 'inertia', or your momentum, its mass will make it harder to move it. You can see it in the formula. More force is required in order to accelerate an object when more mass is present.

An object with infinite mass is 'unmovable', as an infinite amount of force is always needed.

This form of mass is fundamental as it is affected by all forces.

Gravitational Mass

Gravity is one force of many, which is very strange, as both momentum and gravitational attraction are described by one component.

Gravitational Mass is the capacity to produce a gravitational field.

This type of mass acts like a charge, that causes objects to become attracted to each other.

The Discrepancy

The difficulty in aligning GR with QFT is partly because of the fact that we cannot seperate the universal concept of inertial mass with gravitational mass.

Let's say we have two electrons, and look at the first electron: The electron will be influenced by the other due to electricity:

F ~ q² (q is the charge of the electron) But this electron will also be affected by gravity: F ~ m² (m is the mass of the electron) Now let's find the acceleration of the electron: a ~ m - q²/m Now look at this equation and notice something. The electron is affected by electricity via a ratio between charge and mass, whereas gravity appears as just the mass term alone.

The discrepancy is why is gravity the only force where we can end up 'getting rid' of terms instead of having a messy division? Why is gravitational charge equal to inertial mass?

Relativistic Mass

When developing special relativity, Einstein noticed how he could combine the principles of time dilation and length contraction to prove his famous equation E = mc².

In his proof, he used inertial mass and mechanical kinetic energy to draw the equivalence. However, this picture is incomplete.

The actual equation is this: E = γmc², where γ is the lorentz factor, something intrinsically tied to the object's speed.

This gives us a notion of relativistic inertial mass, mass that both resists changes in motion but

When we end up expanding this, we get:

E² = (mc²)² + (pc)² + (terms that are too small for us to care about)

This gives us the actual energy of the particle, combining the rest mass and the momentum of the particle to get the total energy.

Still, you might not get the equivalence. And really, we have two different ways to explain this equivalence ...

The Higgs Mechanism

Now I'm not crazy enough to explain the Higgs mechanism in this post yet but what I will say is how particles get their mass.

You see, at the quantum level, particles are actually just wave excitations in the field. The notions of where a particle is or not is kind of meaningless.

And whaddya know? Waves are much easier to understand as to why they have energy, the constant movement and flow demonstrates an intrinsic energy.

Certain particle waves end up interacting with what's known as the Higgs field, a consequence of the many symmetries in QFT.

This interaction turns these particles' loose and vapid energy, into something meaningful - a mass that can be used to inertially interact with other particles.

QFT of course cannot account for gravitational mass, as QFT has no way to demonstrate gravity or warped spacetime. General Relativity works much better ... specifically because it is a theory about gravity.

General Relativity

GR, as stated, is a theory about gravity. GR treats inertial and gravitational mass the same without an issue. And in-fact really emphasises the equivalence between energy and mass.

Mass and energy determines the Stress-Energy tensor, which is a tensor focused entirely on the movement and position of energy and matter, which are treated as identical here:

Image credit: Wikipedia

Here, we don't even care what it's made of, just where it's going and how much of it is there. Because all that matters is that it curves spacetime and can be affected by this spacetime.

Conclusion

Well, while this is a short (and rather rushed) post. For some reason I got IP blocked on discord so I gotta solve that issue now. It doesn't help when you have to deal with a late-semester university schedule.

Like said, feedback and follows are welcome. I'll see you later!

#physics friday #academics #stem #physics #stemblr #science #e=mc² #e=mc2

[bringbackmyteenageyears]

Mariah Carey albums: 1999-2009

#1990s #1999 #Mariah Carey #Rainbow #2000s #2001 #2002 #2005 #2008 #2009 #Glitter #Charmbracelet #The Emancipation of Mimi #E=mc2 #Memoirs Of an Imperfect Angel #Album #Cover

[wisdomfish]

I was in college and watched a teacher challenge a lone Christian in our class.

The discussion on philosophy and faith systems turned to the issue of Christianity and objective truth and the teacher began to question the Christian about his beliefs. He accused the young man of being an arrogant, judgmental bigot. How could this young man claim that HIS truth was the only truth? The teacher claimed that truth was personal and changes according to the holder.

But of course, to make this very claim is a complete contradiction. When you say there is no singular objective truth, you are making a claim of objective truth. You are, in essence, saying “I claim objectively that there is no objective truth!” of course this teacher is living in a world of objective truths, whether he wants to admit it or not! He required us to be there, sitting in his classroom, on time every day! For him, there was definitely an objective truth about the starting time, and if you were just a little late, you would pay for it! And this same teacher required us to read a text book. Not any book, but the true book that he truly assigned! And we had to take tests. Many of these were true and false tests! How can you take those kinds of tests if there is no objectively true answer? Finally, the very existence of this teacher was the result of a set of objective truths that can be found in his DNA chain! The color of his eyes, the color of his hair, his sex and an incredible number of other objective truths were (and still are) based on objective truths about his DNA sequencing! If you were to ask this chap if he had ever made a mistake in his entire life, I’ll bet he would say, “of course!” but that presumes that there is a truthful measuring stick that can be compared to his behavior! If there is no truth, then no one can make a mistake!

This teacher would tell us that it was impossible to find and know the truth, but that was only because he really didn’t WANT to dig all that hard. See, the truth is not always as easy as 2+2=4. Sometimes it has to be uncovered and considered and discovered like e=mc2. It takes time. It takes desire, but most of all, it takes an understanding that there is a truth and it can be found. If Einstein did not truly believe this, he would have stopped thinking about the theory of relativity long before he ever got started.

~ J. Warner Wallace

#college #objective truth #the professor #classroom of the elite #e=mc2

[fashioninpaper]

Albert Einstein

#paper dolls #albert einstein #theory of relativity #vanity fair #e=mc2

[theywhowriteandknowthings]

I saw this and thought @theywhowriteandknowthings would likely appreciate this.

I am wheezing I love this so much 😂

#meme #e=mc2 #e=mc² #😂

[theblackmagickian]

'Forces Exist in Nature. Real Personalised Power Comes From Within. The Nature of Witchcraft & All Sorcery & Magick's is in Essence A Task of Harnessing Those Powers Within Nature & The True Ident of One's Own Soul Set Against Those Forces That Limit Us In Both Our Own Personal Growth & Endevours."

" 'The Black Magickian,'™® Vs.KenCampbell:- 'E=MC2.'©.2004. [www.zenithpoint.rare.records.co.uk.ltd.]" SoundCloud

Listen to " 'TheBlackMagickian,'™® Vs.KenCampbell: 'E=MC2.'©2004. [www.zenithpoint.rare.records.co.uk.ltd.]" by peter panic on #SoundCloud

https://on.soundcloud.com/ZrAbV

Listen to " 'The Black Magickian,'™® Vs.KenCampbell:- 'E=MC2.'©.2004. [www.zenithpoint.rare.records.co.uk.ltd.]" by peter panic on #SoundCloud

"Commentary Would Appear To Be Utterly Pointless In Light of The Fact That Everyone Seems To Be of The Opinion That They Already Know Everything That There Is To Understand About The Nature of Existence & Reality."

The Black Magickian,

March, 2024.

#tristan forshaw #the black magickian #e=mc2 #2004 #trademark & retail copyright- www.zeñithpöiñt.rare.records.co.uk.ltd #psy-trance #academia.edu/TristanForshaw

[beckydenimjean]

@beckydenimjean

#mariah carey #mimi #emancipation of mimi #e=mc2 #butterfly #charmbracelet #glitter #justice for glitter #billie frank #emotions #queen of christmas #all i want for christmas is you #fashion #style #beauty #models #ultimate beauties #beautiful #blackfashion #black girl #biracial #whistle notes #make up #song writer

[dciyaoi]

Oops... (x)

#dci #drum corps international #drum corps #carolina crown #emc2 #e=mc² #e=mc2 #2013 #my gifsets #gifs #gifset #my gifs #gif #poor guy #wont ever stop looking at this now that it’s been pointed out LOL

[gretakatharinaa]

the conservation of mass - about einsteins broken heart

“So, how can you heal a broken heart?“

There is no cure, I answer.

As much as we would all love to just work out the kinks on how to mend what’s broken, we have to face that our heart doesn’t demand to be fixed, as there was never anything wrong with it in the first place.

Our hearts, much as our brains and everything else in nature aren’t just there to be whole.

As much as our heart is supposed to beat, explode out of happiness and light (us) up, it is also supposed to ache, lose pieces along the way and yes, even break. 

In fall, do you tell the leaves that fell from the tree to go back on?

I mean, they are called leaves after all, yet in summer, you don’t think it unnatural for them to stay on the tree.

So, why not grant your heart and soul the courtesy of a seasonal change?

Now, I’m not saying you are supposed to just live on with a hurting heart.

I am saying stop looking for a cure and accept the change that’s happened.

I know it hurts.

But you would you even know about the sensation “happiness“ if it weren’t for sadness?

You wouldn’t know about winter or summer without spring or fall.

You may have lost pieces of your heart along the way.

Yet I’m not sure if they are really lost and gone or just neatly stored somewhere else.

The law of conservation of mass states that, in its fundamental idea, in a closed system, mass is never created or destroyed. It can change forms or be redistributed, but the total mass of the system remains the same.

This theorem has  been applied on the question of the existence of soulmates - stating that soulmates might exist through atoms with their electrons inflated during the big bang that were once connected then entangled as they expanded outward into what became the universe; forever looking for their matches and therefore seeking each others energy thus creating soulmates. -

It’s a long shot, but I think that the pieces that you lose or that “break“ (I don’t like to talk about people or hearts breaking, you are never broken) are like the little atoms and you never really lost parts of yourself along the way as if there were something wrong with you now.

Nothing really disappeares in our system, you’re not lost.

And whenever you doubt, know that I told you that you’re always exactly where you need to be.

This was inspired by a phone call from a friend, I wrote (more scribbled) it down at a bus stop at night. I ended up being late but hey, you never know when the inspiration hits you.

#soulmates #albert einstein #thelawofconservationofmass #e=mc2 #brokenheart #soul

[lovesinistra]

#albert einstein #drippy #e=mc2 #relativity #no cap

[gothabilly-kitty]

#big audio dynamite #e=mc2 #Spotify

[datascience-from-the-trenches]

#astrophysics #quantum mechanics #e=mc2 #Youtube #neil degrasse tyson

[wisdomfish]

Einstein were arrested for shoplifting

Hypocrisy, does not logically invalidate the objective truth-claims of Christianity as John Warwick Montgomery makes clear, 

“If Albert Einstein were arrested for shoplifting, would that make E=mc² wrong?”

~ Samples, Kenneth Richard. ‘Without a Doubt: Answering the 20 Toughest Faith Questions. p. 202

#hypocrisy #logic #truth #albert einstein #e=mc2

[x-kiwi-03]

Chisaki has control over all matter.

Matter = Energy ÷ the speed of light in a vacuum² (M=E/C²)

Energy = Matter × the speed of light in a vacuum² (E=MC²)

Hori decided TO NOT CONTRIBUTE THAT FACT!!??!?!

He... can do so much... with Kai's power...

KAI COULD BE SO OVERPOWERED... that's probably why Hori didn't have Kai use Overhaul to it's full possibilities.

We should all fear the possibility of Kai's quirk redeveloping into mental use... that would be scary 🤞😌 here's hoping it does!

#bnha #mha #kai chisaki #overhaul #chisaki kai #albert einstein #e=mc2 #m=e/c2

[teachersource]

Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879. A german-born theoretical physicist, acknowledged to be one of the greatest physicists of all time. Einstein is best known for developing the theory of relativity, but he also made important contributions to the development of the theory of quantum mechanics. His mass-energy equivalence formula E=mc2, which arises from relativity theory, has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation".

#albert einstein #e=mc2 #physics #theoretical physics #relativity #general relativity #mass-energy equivalence #relativity theory #science #science birthdays #science history #on this day #on this day in science history