#Hong Kong 1941

[baddawg94]

Hong Kong 1941 (Chinese: 等待黎明) is a 1984 Hong Kong war drama film directed by Po-Chih Leong, produced by John Shum and written by Sammo Hung. The film stars Chow Yun-fat, Cecilia Yip and Alex Man Chi Leung. For his performance in this film, Chow Yun Fat was awarded his first Golden Horse Award for Best Leading Actor.

The film takes places shortly before and during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong during World War II. The story of three young friends focuses on their sufferings as Hong Kong falls under oppressive occupation.

Years later, a woman narrates her personal story of the Japanese takeover of Hong Kong in 1941. She's Nam, young, attractive, daughter of a wealthy rice merchant, and prey to painful, disabling seizures. Her boyhood friend is Coolie Keung, whose family used to have wealth; he's now impoverished, a tough kid, a leader, in love with her. Into the mix steps Fei, cool and resourceful, an actor from the north, intent on getting to Gold Mountain in the US or Australia. They form a trio, but the day they are to leave Hong Kong, the invasion stops them. Fei must rescue Keung from collaborators, Nam falls in love with Fei, and danger awaits their next attempt to escape

#chow yun fat #Alex man #Cecelia Yip #hong kong cinema #Hong Kong 1941 #1980s movies #1984 #hong Kong #cantonese

[uncle-mojave]

So it's kinda fun, my story fits into the spring to winter of 1941 right before American involvement into the war and it's been really interesting to research what the Japanese held at that point which was far less than I thought. China was such a hard nut for them to crack that they never really did that.

Why did I choose 1941? Because I wanted to have the Japanese Army and Navy play a big part in the story but I also wanted it to be before the American involvement and before places like Hong Kong fell to the Japanese. That gives me a lot of room to work with in a short area.

There will be a lot of stirrings of the bigger war coming and the book will end sometime after the Japanese invasion on December 7th of most of the rest of south east asia but before then it'll be a lot of fun skirting the Japanese and being involved with the British, The Chinese gangs, smugglers, Indonesian pirates and the Americans in the Phillippines.

[linghxr]

7 intermediate/advanced Chinese grammar fundamentals

I’ve been meaning to write more posts focusing on advanced grammar for a while. So let’s look at 7 characters I’ve selected and some (but not necessarily all) of their key usages.

I consider this content to be upper-intermediate/advanced because I don’t think you’d learn it until at least a 3rd-year college Chinese course. I consider these usages to be fundamental because I encounter them on the regular basis in native content, so you need to have a good grasp on them.

1) 由 yóu

由 yóu - by, via, through / from

这个钱该由我付。 This money should be paid by me.

这件事由他处理。 This matter is handled by him.

现场播放的歌曲由你来决定。 The song(s) that is played live is decided by you.

句子是由词组成的。 Sentences are made from/of words.

2) 趁 chèn

趁 chèn - to avail oneself of / to take advantage of

这碗面趁热吃吧。 Eat this bowl of noodles while it's hot.

我想趁这个机会讲几句话。 I want to take this opportunity to say a few words.

趁着年轻我们要多学点儿知识。 We need to learn more while we are young.

3) 为 wéi

为 wéi - as (in the capacity of) / to take sth as / to act as / to serve as / to behave as / to become / to be

我们选她为代表。 We chose her as our representative.

我把他视为好朋友。 I consider him to be a good friend.

这条街被命名为平安大街。 The street was named (as) Ping'an Street.

总面积为78平方米。 The total area is 78 square meters.

最高票数为4千票。 The highest number of votes is 4,000 votes.

4) 以 yǐ

以 yǐ - to use / by means of / in order to

他们以期待的目光迎接我的到来。 They greeted me with expectant eyes.

我们也将以正确的方式进行处理。 We will use the proper method to handle things.

联系我们以了解更多信息。 Contact us (in order) to learn more.

这是他以集体的名义作出的决定。 This is a decision he made in the name of the collective.

人们不仅仅以个人的身份生活。 People don't just live as individuals.

5) 于 yú

于 yú - (of time or place) in, at, on / (indicating any indirect relation) to, toward, vis-à-vis, with regard to, for / (indicating a source) from, out of / (used in comparison) than 

他出生于香港。 He was born in Hong Kong.

他出生于1995年12月13日。 He was born on December 13, 1995.

第一次世界大战爆发于1941年。 World War I broke out in 1941.

他毕业于北京大学。 He graduated from Peking University.

他有很多事情还需要求助于父母。 There are many things for which he still needs to request help from his parents.

吃坚果有利于心脏健康。 Eating nuts is good for heart health.

写日记有助于缓解压力和焦虑。 Writing a journal is helpful for relieving stress and anxiety.

这座楼高于那座楼。 This building is taller than that building.

6) 非 fēi

非 fēi - to insist on, simply must

我非要去不可。 I must go.

学好语言非得下功夫不行。 To learn a language, one has to put in work.

他不想来就算了，为什么非叫他来？ It's fine if he doesn't want to come, why insist on him coming?

7) 凭 píng

凭 píng - on the basis of

人们常常凭着直觉去判断和做事。 People often judge and act based on intuition.

可是凭经验做事，真的靠谱吗？ But is it really reliable to do things based on experience?

你凭什么这么说？ On what basis do you say that?

他凭什么得诺贝尔和平奖？ On what basis did he get the Nobel Peace Prize?

PS: I just noticed that Google Slides has added some simplified Chinese fonts! Previously I had to use Japanese fonts, so some characters were not supported. I made this post’s header image in Google Slides.

See past similar posts: Learning to read formal Chinese 5 constructions to take your Chinese to the next level

#chinese #mandarin #mandarin chinese #chinese language #chinese grammar #language learning #language stuff #chinese vocab #mandarin vocab #learning languages #language study #langblr #studyblr #chinese langblr #chinese studyblr #languageblr #languages #polyglot #foreign languages #mandarin langblr #mandarin studyblr

[beyourselfchulanmaria]

徐悲鴻 XU BEIHONG (1895-1953 Chinese)

雙駿圖 Two Galloping Horses 1941

設色紙本　立軸 /Ink and colour on paper, hanging scroll

Hong Kong, Admiralty/ Sold for HK$633,000 inc. premium

#徐悲鴻 #xu beihong #two galloping horses #雙駿圖 #徐悲鴻畫馬 #1895-1953 chinese

[redbreastedbird]

Hazel's family all being in Hong Kong in MUA is giving me so much anxiety bc of the imminent invasion

Welcome to my own worries!!

(For anyone who doesn’t know, Hong Kong was invaded by the Japanese in December 1941, part of the same attack/front as the Pearl Harbour bombings. The British had essentially pulled out of HK by winter 41, leaving the whole of HK defended by only a few troops, including Indians and Canadians. It makes me extremely irate - the Brits basically decided to abandon a territory that they’d previously taken over and colonised. As George would say very bitterly, so much for the ‘benefits’ of Empire …)

#murder most unladylike #robin stevens #ministry of unladylike activity #world war 2 #hong kong

[dailyhistoryposts]

On This Day In History

December 8th, 1941: Japanese forces simultaneously invade Shanghai International Settlement, Malaya, Thailand, Hong Kong, the Philippines, and the Dutch East Indies. The attack of Pearl Harbor was also concurrent with these attacks, but was on December 7th due to time zones.

#history #world history #japan #japanese history #pearl harbor #wwii

[mydailyvintagephotos]

#internationalwomensday

Italian Actresses 🇮🇹

Sophia Loren 🇮🇹 Rome Italy 1934

Gina Lollobrigida 🇮🇹 Subiaco Italy

Claudia Cardinale 🇮🇹🇹🇳 was born in Tunisia 🇹🇳 to Italian parents 1938

Anna Magnani 🇮🇹 born Rome Italy 1908

Pier Angeli 🇮🇹 born Cagliari, Sardinia Italy 1932

Polish’s 🇵🇱 Actresses

Pola Negri 🇵🇱 born Lipno, Poland 1897

Tamara Wiszniewska 🇵🇱 Dubno Poland 1919

Bella Darvi 🇵🇱 Born Sosnowiec Poland 1928

Spanish Actresses 🇪🇸

Sara Montiel 🇪🇸 born Campo de Criptana , Castilla-la Mancha Spain 1928

Carmen Sevilla born 🇪🇸 Seville, Spain 1930

Soledad Miranda 🇪🇸 Seville, Spain

1943

Mexican 🇲🇽 Actress

Delores del Rio 🇲🇽 born Durango Mexico 1904

Lupe Velez 🇲🇽 born San Luis Potosí Mexico

1908

Raquel Torres 🇲🇽 born Hermosillo Mexico

Lilia Prado 🇲🇽 born Sahuayo Mexico 1928

Maria Felix 🇲🇽 born Alamos Mexico

1914

Sweden 🇸🇪

Swedish Actresses

Greta Garbo 🇸🇪

Stockholm Sweden 🇸🇪 1905

Ingrid Bergman Stockholm Sweden 🇸🇪 1915

Indian Actresses

India 🇮🇳

Madhubala 🇮🇳 Born Bombay India 1933

Nargis Dutt 🇮🇳 born Calcutta India 1929

Meena Kumari 🇮🇳 Bombay India 1933

Sridevi 🇮🇳 Meenampatti, India 1963

Waheeda Rehman 🇮🇳 Born Tamil Nadu 1938

Sadhana Shivdasani 🇮🇳 born Mumbai, India 1941

Vyjayanthimala 🇮🇳 born Chennai, India 1936

Nutan 🇮🇳 born Bombay, India 1936

Asha Parekh 🇮🇳 India 1942

China 🇨🇳

Chinese Actress

Anna May Wong born 🇺🇸🇨🇳 Los Angeles, USA 🇺🇸 to Chinese 🇨🇳 parents 1904

Nancy Kwan 🇨🇳 born Hong Kong China

Ursula Andress🇨🇭 born Ostermundigen Swizerland 1936

German Actresses

Germany 🇩🇪

Marlene Dietrich 🇩🇪born Berlin Germany 1901

Elke Sommer 🇩🇪born Berlin Germany 1940

#internationalwomansday #womansday #italy #poland #Spain #mexico #sweden #India #China #switzerland #germany #vintage actress #hollywood

[tianshiisdead]

Also 1 and 4!! ❤️

Do you relate to your favorite character(s)? Wang Yao - nooot really? If anything I like him because we're opposites lol, I'm kind of a whiny baby and I honestly respect + look up to Yaoyao in that sense, in his self-control and internal strength to move forward no matter what.

What's a headcanon you need to work out?

Ough this is hard... way before I started fixating more on Asia only, I was actually mainly a UK + China blog, and most things from then I never properly worked out, but this one I always think I'll come back to:

So basically Hetalia is set (in canon) in WW1 and then WW2, WW1 meaning Bad Times for China is well established in the comics but since China's kind of a sidelined character, his real relations with the allies in WW2 is never explored. Now, as countries, the other countries recognized China as the fourth major allied power, however, what this obfuscates is that China joined the war in 1941, but the most extreme and direct economic imperialism and control in China spiked in the 1930s and much of the concessions and colonies held by the other allies would not be returned to China until 1943 - or 1997, in Hong Kong's case. British and American extraterritorial rights would not end until 1943, and a few colonies/concessions that were occupied by Japan over the war were handed back to the colonizers after the war was over. Up until the 1930s, the British were making military excursions into China in order to put down revolts and unrest in semi-occupied places like Shanghai and continue their supremacy there. China is the only major power in the war that was both still semi-colonized and not at all industrialized (it didn't start industrializing until the 1950s, which didn't show much fruit until the 1970s, and was one of the poorest countries in Asia in the mid 1900s)

Basically, I can't imagine he would just be able to joke around with the allies like in canon. Countries are one thing, but just yesterday he was totally destroyed by them and at their mercy, they were prying pieces off of him a couple of years ago and controlling his economy, and now he's their bestie and close allied power? I think at that point the resentment would still be going strong, but also the shame and all that. I don't know how he would act with them, it's really a bare-bones headcanon, but I just think it'd be different from canon. I don't want to like inject racism into canon or something JKDSLGHF but I also don't think they'd be able to treat him normally either, you don't go from racism and colonial/imperialist control over someone you drugged into submission and then used for a century directly into treating them normally and working with them as an equal. I'd like to see the tension portrayed at some point, but Idk if I'll return to this and flesh it out - maybe!

#hetalia #ask #erubento #thank u again!! mwah #historical hetalia #hws china #drugs cw #imperialism cw #colonialism cw

[usafphantom2]

#onthisday in 1942 the Hawker Tempest Mk V prototype made its maiden flight, piloted by Philip Lucas. This was the first Tempest prototype to fly.

@classicwarbirds via Twitter

Hawker Tempest | Classic Warbirds

Evolving out of a design study to improve the Hawker Typhoon, which although a successful low altitude interceptor and fighter-bomber, it wasn't its intended role, which was that of a high altitude interceptor. Initial changes developed by Sydney Camm and his design team consisted of a thinner wing, due to this a new fuselage tank was need, a 2,400-hp Napier Sabre EC.107C engine and the radiator under the engine being moved to the wing. The new design, refereed to as Typhoon II, was submitted to the Air Ministry, leading to an order for two prototypes on the 18th November 1941 under Specification F.10/41. Due to some more major changes to the aircraft, it was renamed the Hawker Tempest in January 1942.

Another four Tempest prototypes were produced, bringing the total to six. These were the Tempest Mk I, powered by the Napier Sabre EC.107C engine, two Tempest Mk IIs, powered by the 2,520-hp Bristol Centaurs IV engine. The Tempest Mk III was powered by the Rolls-Royce Griffon IIB with the Tempest Mk IV installed with a Rolls-Royce Griffon 61 engine, whilst the Tempest Mk V was powered by the Napier Sabre II engine.

An order was placed by the Air Ministry for the Tempest Mk I in August 1942, before any prototypes had flown, although the order would be transferred to other Tempest Mks. With Philip Lucas at the controls, the prototype Tempest Mk I flew for the first time on the 24th February 1943, without the 'chin' that featured on the Typhoon. Despite reaching a maximum speed of 466 mph, whilst the Napier Sabre IV's supercharger was in high gear, the Tempest Mk I was dropped due to problems with the engine program.

The Tempest Mk II underwent a number of changes and made its first flight on the 28th June 1943. When put into production it was powered by the 2,520-hp Bristol Centaurus Mk V engine. This gave the aircraft a top speed of 440 mph, range of 800 miles with a service ceiling of 37,000 ft. Armament was four 20mm cannons whilst bomb load was either two 1,000lb bombs or eight rocket projectiles. The Tempest Mk II arrived to late to serve in the Second World War (1939 - 1945) with No. 54 Squadron, RAF Chilbolton, which had been reformed on the 15th November 1945, and No. 247 Squadron the only home based squadrons equipped. Although the Tempest Mk II served in Germany, Hong Kong, India and Malaya, it remained in operation in the Middle East until de Havilland Vampires replaced them in 1949.

The Tempest Mk III followed and this would provide the basis for the Hawker Fury, however the Royal Air Force would cancel the Fury, but the Fleet Air Arm would develop a naval version known as the Hawker Sea Fury. Next was the Hawker Tempest Mk IV, which was to be powered by the Rolls-Royce Griffon 61 engine, but in February 1943 the project was cancelled before a prototype had been built.

The Tempest Mk V was the first prototype version to fly on the 2nd September 1942, piloted by Philip Lucas, this version retaining the chin radiator of its predecessor, the Typhoon, with the first production version flown on the 21st June 1943 by Bill Humble. Powered by the 2,200-hp Napier Sabre IIB engine, the Tempest Mk V had a top speed of 442 mph, range of 820 miles with a service ceiling of 32,200 ft. Armament was four 20mm cannons and either two 500lb bombs or eight rocket projectiles. The Tempest Mk V would be the first of the type to enter service when No. 486 Squadron, Royal New Zealand Air Force received some during January 1944, followed on the 29th February 1944 when No. 3 Squadron received their first aircraft. In both cases replacing the Typhoon. These two squadrons would be bolstered by a third Tempest squadron, No. 56 with the Tempest Mk V replacing their Supermarine Spitfire Mk IXs. They would operate within No. 150 Wing, Royal Air Force as part of No. 85 Group, Royal Air Force which was under the command of Wing Commander Roland Beamont, which was formed on the 12th May 1944 operating from RAF Newchurch. It would be on the 8th June 1944 when the Tempest Mk V scored its first aerial victory, when nine aircraft from No. 3 Squadron encountered five Messerschmitt Bf 109s, shooting down three.

After D-Day, No. 150 Wing, Royal Air Force would be reassigned to help combat the V-1 flying bomb, nicknamed the doodlebug, after the first one fell on the UK, when Grove Road, London was hit on the 13th June 1944, killing six people. The Tempest was to prove successful in this role performing anti-diver sorties as they shot down 638 out of 1,846 destroyed by Allied fighters, equating to 34%. As the Allied liberation of Europe progressed and more Tempests entered service they flew patrols to support ground forces and would be stationed on airfields in France, Belgium and the Netherlands and would take part in Operation Market Garden (17th September 1944 - 25th September 1944). They also came up against the Luftwaffe's jet fighter the Messerschmitt Me 262, attacking the aircraft as it came in to land, and by the time the war in Europe ended on the 8th May 1945 had claimed 20.

The last production version was the Hawker Tempest Mk F.VI powered by the 2,340-hp Napier Sabre V engine, which had originally been fitted to the Tempest Mk V prototype. This flew for the first time with this engine on the 9th May 1944. The Tempest Mk F.VI had a top speed of 438 mph, range of 740 miles and a service ceiling of 37,000 ft. Armament was four 20mm cannons with a bomb load of either two 1,000lb bombs or eight rocket projectiles. Like the Tempest Mk II the Tempest Mk F.VI was too late to see service in the Second World War, although it was used by squadrons in Germany and the Middle East.

Two target tug variants were also produced, these were the Tempest TT.5, which were converted Tempest Mk Vs, with the prototype flying for the first time during May 1947, and the Tempest TT.6, which were converted Tempest Mk VIs.

By the time production had ended 1,702 Tempests had been built.

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#Youtube

[lulu2992]

A review of the “Far Cry Timeline”

I realized that there was a page dedicated to the series’ timeline on the Far Cry Wiki, so I decided to review it because… I just couldn’t help myself.

GREEN: Correct information and date.

BLUE: Probably correct but needs to be confirmed.

PINK: Correct information but wrong date (see this post).

ORANGE: Pure fan speculation (date and/or information).

RED: Incorrect information and/or date.

PURPLE: Far Cry and Far Cry 2 lore. I haven’t played these games yet so I can’t tell if the information is accurate.

(The timeline reviewed in this post was last updated on the Wiki in June 2022)

c.10,000 BCE

Three tribes, the Wenja, Udam, and Izila settle in the region of present-day Central Europe known as Oros, sparking conflict for resources and territory. The events of Far Cry Primal occur, culminating in the Udam, the last Neanderthals, going extinct soon after.

500 BCE

The Chal Jama Monastery is built in Kyrat.

15th century

In the 15th century, the Chinese navigator and explorer Zheng He passed by the Rook Islands during a voyage to map the oceans. It was an ideal location for one of Zheng He's most trusted soldiers, Lin Cong. After Zheng He left the isles, Lin Cong stole one of Zheng He's colossal treasure ships named "the Chaoyang" (containing massive amounts of gold and treasure that were collected during Zheng He's many ocean voyages).

Lin Cong and his Chinese invaders ruled over Rook Islands where the natives suffered under their tyrannical reign.

Rook Islands were free from them when the Rakyat rebelled and a vengeful Zheng He returned to stop Lin Cong treachery. Lin Cong died and his faction was destroyed.

The Silver Dragon was buried with Lin Cong body in his entrapped and dragon-infested tomb.

1759

The Shanath Arena is built in Southern Kyrat.

1819

Lieutenant Robert F. Barclay of the British Army set sail to Kyrat.

1820s

The British colonize Kyrat.

1836

The lake at Mastodon Geothermal Park was discovered.

1865

Fall's End was founded in the Montana territory.

Early 1940s

During the start of World War II, a Japanese Brigadier General named Takeo Masaki had his men land on the isles to start up a small air force/army base.

1941

Clutch Nixon is born in Montana's Hope County in the United States of America.

1947

Alec Earnhardt was born in Oxford, England.

George Krieger was born in Austria.

1952

Adelaide Drubman was born in the United States of America.

1953

Richard "Dutch" Roosevelt was born in the United States of America.

1954

Antón Castillo born in Yara.

1955

The Vietnam War begins in Vietnam.

The Jackal is born in United States of America.

1957

Virgil Minkler is born in the United States of America.

Darpan is born in Kyrat.

1960

Mohan Ghale is born in Kyrat.

1963

Earl Whitehorse is born in the United States of America.

1965

Willis Huntley is born in Long Island, New York.

The Howard Cabin is built and established in Hope County, Montana.

1966

Pagan Min is born in Hong Kong, China.

1967

Hoyt Volker is born in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Revolution of 1967 takes place in Yara, resulting in a blockade that effectively froze the nation in time for the next 47 years.

Death of Gabriel Castillo

1968

Ishwari Ghale is born in Kyrat.

Paul "De Pleur" Harmon is born in the United States of America.

1969

Bambi "Buck" Hughes is born in Australia.

1970

Yuma Lau is born in Hong Kong.

1971

Jacob Seed is born in the United States of America.

1972

Hurk Drubman, Jr. is born in the United States of America.

1973

Noore Najjar is born in Kyrat.

Jerome Jeffries is born in the United States of America.

1974

Joseph Seed is born in the United States of America.

1975

Dennis Rogers is born in Liberia.

The Sacred Skies Youth Camp in Holland Valley is established.

The Vietnam War ends in Vietnam.

1976

Cameron Burke is born in the United States of America.

1978

Sabal is born in Kyrat.

1980

Sharky Boshaw is born on October 2, in the United States of America.

1981

First Kyrati Civil War intensified between the Royalists, who supported the rule of the king, and the Nationalists, who wanted to overthrow the monarchy.

Mohan Ghale and Ishwari Ghale are married in April or May at a small ceremony with just their parents.

1983

Grace Armstrong is born in the United States of America.

1984

Grant Brody is born in the United States of America.

Citra Talugmai is born in the Rook Islands.

1985

Vaas Montenegro is born in the Rook Islands.

The royal family of Kyrat is murdered when Nationalists stormed the Royal Palace during First Kyrati Civil War.

1986

Daisy Lee is born in Maine, United States of America.

John Seed is born in the United States of America.

1987

Jason Brody is born in Los Angeles, California.

Vincent Salas is born in the United States of America.

Eli Palmer is born in the United States of America.

Barry is born in San Diego, California.

Mohan Ghale meets Pagan Min

Pagan Min found the last Kyrat royal heir for Mohan

Pagan Min and Yuma Lau sided with the Royalists at first but later that year betrayed them when his Mercenaries and the Royalists seized the Royal Palace and Pagan killed the royal heir, and took his place as King of Kyrat. He then turned his mercenaries on Mohan’s men before they could know they were in danger killing many. Leaving Mohan to escape with just a handful of survivors.

First Kyrati Civil War ended in Kyrat with Nationalists defeated, Royalists purged, last royal heir assassinated and Pagan Min became the new self proclaimed king.

Golden Path is founded

Second Kyrati Civil War begins.

1988

Keith Ramsay is born in the United States of America.

Ajay Ghale is born in Kyrat.

Lakshmana Min is born and later that year killed in Kyrat.

Liza Snow is born in Los Angeles, California.

1989

Doug is born in United States of America.

Oliver Carswell is born in United States of America.

Amita is born in Kyrat.

Nick Rye is born in the United States of America.

1990

Callum is born in Scotland.

Joey Hudson is born in the United States of America.

Mohan Ghale was killed by Ishwari Ghale who fled to United States of America with Ajay Ghale.

1991

Riley Brody is born in Los Angeles California.

Jess Black is born in the United States of America.

1992

Deputy Pratt is born in the United States of America.

1993

Mary May Fairgrave is born in the United States of America.

1994

Faith Seed is born in the United States of America.

1996

Dani Rojas is born in Yara.

2000

Bhadra is born in Kyrat.

2007

Alternate universe, movie, or non-canon events

The world is suffering the aftermath of a nuclear war between the United States and Russia. Sergeant Rex "Power" Colt is an American cybernetic super-soldier. He and another American cyber-soldier named Lieutenant T.T. "Spider" Brown travel to an unnamed island to investigate Colonel Ike Sloan, an elite agent who has gone rogue. The events of Far Cry 3: Blood Dragon occur.

2008

Between September 17 and October 30, a series of 17 tapes were recorded between The Jackal and Reuben Oluwagembi on the subject of the Jackal's motives.

Sometime in the latter half of 2008, the events of Far Cry 2 take place.

Antón Castillo was diagnosed with acute leukemia.

Diego Castillo was born in Yara.

Late 2010’s

Alternate universe, movie, or non-canon events

Guy Marvel tells people about his ideas for zombie movies. The events of Dead Living Zombies takes place.

2012

Four people, Leonard, Mikhail, Callum, and Tisha get scammed out of their money by Vaas' pirates while working to redeem themselves on a cruise ship. They soon turned against the pirates.

Six months later, a group of young adults parachute onto the Rook Islands by mistake and many get captured. Jason Brody helps the locals lead a revolution against Vaas' Pirates, free his friends, and deal with a slave trader named Hoyt Volker. The events of Far Cry 3 (including all DLC missions) take place.

2014

Ajay Ghale goes to Kyrat to spread his mother’s ashes and while visiting either stayed with Pagan Min or ends up helping the locals lead a rebellion against him. In the latter case, the country doesn’t improve much after the government is overthrown. The events of Far Cry 4 (including The Syringe Mission, Escape from Durgesh Prison and Hurk's Redemption) take place.

Yuma Lau sends an Expedition made of Royal Guard forces, lead by Colonel Sandesh to a Kyrat Valley looking for a relic that could cause immortality, but don't return to Kyrat.

Darpan dies in all cases.

Antón Castillo is elected as El Presidente of Yara, promising to "Rebuild Paradise."

Alternate universe, movie, or non-canon events

Ajay’s helicopter crashes in the Himalayas, he later gets involved with a cult group known as the Disciples (the Royal Guard forces Yuma sent to the Valley) and a unique relic.

2018

Alternate universe or non-canon events:

Carmina Rye is born the same day or few days before the Collapse.

A group of police officers attempt to arrest Project at Eden's Gate leader Joseph Seed, they either spared him and left early, or actually arrested him and got overwhelmed by his cult. In the latter case, after most are captured, The Junior Deputy helps the locals lead The Resistance against the doomsday cult and take back Hope County. The events of Far Cry 5 take place.

After the 'Resist' ending of Far Cry 5, the world suffers a nuclear war, known to some as the Collapse (however, with the release of Far Cry 6 which apparently takes places in a contemporary setting, the Collapse might prove to be an alternative timeline, no longer followed by the next game.)

In two other endings where they do not arrest Joseph at the beginning or at the end, it's unclear what exactly happened.

In Guy Marvel's epic sci-fi film, Nick Rye and Hurk get sent to Mars to deal with the threat of an invasion. The events of Lost On Mars take place.

2021

Dani Rojas has a conversation with their friends Lita Torres and Alejo Ruiz on the rooftops of Esperanza. A blackout takes place as Fuerzas Nacionales de Defensa soldiers pour into the city block. Alejo insults Antón Castillo and throws a can at a soldier, resulting in said soldier murdering him. Dani and Lita escape to a boat heading out of the country. A young boy attempts to board but is denied until Dani vouches for him. Before the ship can sail off, Antón catches it in an attempt to retrieve his son, Diego; the young boy attempting to flee. Antón then orders his soldiers to execute everybody else on the ship. Dani just barely survives, and wakes up to Lita dying on the beach. She gives Dani her phone and asks them to seek out the revolutionary group she was affiliated with, Libertad. Dani obliges to honor their fallen friends. The events of Far Cry 6 take place during October.

2022

Alternate universe, movie, or non-canon events:

Three months after Dani Rojas sails away from Yara, they rest on a Miami beach and listen to the radio. The death of Clara Garcia at the hands of Antón Castillo's special forces has snuffed out the revolution in Yara.

2035

Alternate universe, movie, or non-canon events:

In the 'Resist' ending of Far Cry 5, the world suffered a nuclear war known as the Collapse. 17 years after the nuclear war the Highwaymen terrorize the citizens of Prosperity. The locals and the remnants of Project at Eden’s Gate, New Eden, fight back against the Highwaymen’s leaders, Mickey and Lou. The events of Far Cry New Dawn take place.

2058

The whereabouts of The Jackal are to be declassified.

#don’t hesitate if you see a mistake or have questions :) #so yeah takeo masaki is never mentioned in fc3 #a wiki contributor just thought ‘let's add a call of duty reference here for no reason’ #far cry #far cry 2 #far cry 3 #far cry 3 blood dragon #far cry 4 #far cry primal #far cry 5 #far cry new dawn #far cry 6

[immemorymag]

Hans Baumgartner, born on 10 September 1911 in Altnau, was a Swiss photographer and teacher. Hans Baumgartner was born in Altnau TG on Lake Constance. He studied at the Lehrerseminar Kreuzlingen and at the University of Zurich. From 1937 until his retirement in 1962, he worked as a teacher in Steckborn, then in Frauenfeld. His first photographs were taken in 1929. In the early 1930s he was discovered by the journalist Arnold Kübler. A first photo report appeared in 1935. He then published in magazines such as Magazinen wie Camera, Du, Der Schweizer Spiegel, Die Schweiz and Föhn. The Neue Zürcher Zeitung and the Thurgauer Zeitung published his photos. His photo series, from 1941 onwards, mainly dealt with subjects from Thurgau, his native canton. Baumgartner also photographed during his travels to Paris in 1930, 1931 and 1991, Italy in 1935, the Balkans in 1935, the south of France in 1949 and 1953, North Africa and the Sahara in 1949, Croatia and Dalmatia in 1957, Burgundy in 1966, Spain, Portugal, Sweden and Finland in 1969, the USA in 1970, Hungary in 1981 and 1991, Belgium in 1987 and 1991 and Germany. On his round-the-world voyage by boat in 1963, he worked in Asia, in Bombay, Colombo, Saigon, Hong Kong, Yokohama, and in the Americas, in Mexico and the USA. Hans Baumgartner died on 28 December 1996 in Frauenfeld. His legacy of some 120,000 photos is managed by the Swiss Foundation for Photography.

#hans baumgartner #photography #culture #art collective #photomagazine #art #london #bnwphotography

[itsallenthegreat]

EXPLORE HONGKONG

Dream destination: HONGKONG

Hong Kong has always been a favorite destination of tourists, especially of Filipino travelers, as it offers something for everyone--from attractions to food to shopping destinations.

“Hong Kong has always been close to the hearts of Filipino travelers and it is one of Philippines' top travel destinations of choice,” Hong Kong Tourism Board regional director of Southeast Asia Raymond Chan said during the "Marvels in Hong Kong" media event.

The pandemic put a pause on travel for the past two years, but with restrictions slowly easing up globally, tourists have a chance to visit Hong Kong again.

Chan noted that the "0+3 travel measures" is a “significant milestone for Hong Kong.”

“Currently, visitors to Hong Kong are no longer required to undergo hotel quarantine with three-day medical surveillance period,” he explained.

But despite the hitch in global travel, Hong Kong continued to develop its tourism facilities and destinations in the past years to ensure tourists will have something new to look forward to when they return.

history

Hong Kong is a special administrative region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China. It comprises 200 islands located in Eastern Asia bordering the South China Sea and China. Much of Hong Kong's terrain is hilly to mountainous with steep slopes. The government system is a limited democracy; the chief of state is the president of China, and the head of government is the chief executive of Hong Kong. Hong Kong has a free market economy in which the prices of goods and services are determined in a free price system. Hong Kong is a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).

Hong Kong was established as a colony of the British Empire after the Qing Empire ceded Hong Kong Island in 1841–1842. The colony expanded to the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and was further extended when the United Kingdom obtained a 99-year lease of the New Territories in 1898. Hong Kong was briefly occupied by Japan from 1941 to 1945 during World War II. The whole territory was transferred from the United Kingdom to China in 1997. Hong Kong maintains separate governing and economic systems from that of mainland China under the principle of "one country, two systems".[f]

Originally a sparsely populated area of farming and fishing villages,[18][19] the territory is now one of the world's most significant financial centres and commercial ports. Hong Kong is the world's fourth-ranked global financial centre, ninth-largest exporter, and eighth-largest importer. Its currency, the Hong Kong dollar, is the eighth most traded currency in the world. Home to the second-highest number of billionaires of any city in the world, Hong Kong has the largest concentration of ultra high-net-worth individuals. Although the city has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, severe income inequality exists among the population. Despite having the largest number of skyscrapers of any city in the world, housing in Hong Kong has been well-documented to experience a chronic persistent shortage.

Hong Kong is a highly developed territory and has a Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.952, ranking fourth in the world. The city has the highest life expectancy in the world, and a public transport rate exceeding 90%.

Avenue of stars

There was a time when Hong Kong’s filmic output was only bested by Hollywood and Bollywood, and while it’s a less prodigious beast these days, the city’s film industry still once produced illustrious names like Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan, Jet Li, the Shaw Brothers, John Woo, and Wong Kar-wai. Avenue of Stars pays tribute to these figures and many others who have helped burnish Hong Kong’s cinematic legacy. Selfie opportunities come with sculptures of Hong Kong legends such as martial arts master Bruce Lee, as well as singer and actress Anita Mui. Even Hong Kong's beloved local cartoon character McDull has a prime spot in front of the Victoria Harbour skyline. Plus, you can check out over 100 handprint plaques set into the wooden handrails along the waterfront.

Theme parks and attractions

It's impossible to talk about Hong Kong and not mention the "'happiest place on Earth."

Hong Kong Disneyland recently unveiled its new Castle of Magical Dreams and even started its new light show, “Momentous

Hong Kong Cuisine

Traditional Hong Kong food hails from the Guangdong Province of China, with the most popular Cantonese dishes consisting of poultry, meat, or seafood alongside rice or noodles and some kind of preserved or pickled vegetables. You’ll find when eating in Hong Kong that there is a dominant sharing culture – most groups order a large meal to be shared together. Street food is also a very significant part of Cantonese food culture in Hong Kong. You’re sure to discover many street stalls selling delicious smelling, often deep fried, foods and snacks!

The culture of hongkong

The culture of Hong Kong is primarily a mix of Chinese and Western influences, stemming from Lingnan Cantonese roots and later fusing with British culture due to British colonialism (Jyutping: Jyut6 zeoi6; Traditional Chinese: 粵英薈萃). As an international financial center dubbed "Asia's World City", contemporary Hong Kong has also absorbed many international influences from around the world. Moreover, Hong Kong also has indigenous people and ethnic minorities from South and Southeast Asia, whose cultures all play integral parts in modern day Hong Kong culture. As a result, after the 1997 transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong has continued to develop a unique identity under the rubric of One Country, Two Systems.

Hong Kong cultural festivals include Chinese New Year, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, Christmas and the Western New Year. Expats can expect a great atmosphere at these events which usually involve impressive firework displays. As a city, Hong Kong also enjoys many other cultural events ranging from traditional Cantonese to other Chinese regional operas, theatre productions, ballet performances and music shows.

Hongkong festival

Hong Kong festivals are often lavish affairs with street parades, packed temples, traditional music and dance performances. Chinese New Year is the most important celebration in Hong Kong and many Asian countries, but the city also has plenty of unique festivals you might not find elsewhere.

Buddhist and Taoist events are observed according to the lunar calendar, which means that the dates shift on a yearly basis. Some of Hong Kong’s biggest festivals usually take place in January or February (Chinese New Year), May, and October. It’s best to book your flights and accommodation far in advance as prices tend to soar during these months.

How to get there

Several local airlines such as Air Asia Philippines, Cebu Pacific Air, and Philippine Airlines fly direct several times daily to Hong Kong from Manila departing at Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA). Non-stop flight time from Manila to Hong Kong is around 2 hours 15 minutes.

Budget for Air Asia Philippines : P3,300

Philippine travel tax: P2,500

Where to stay

Welcome to The Park Lane Hong Kong, a Pullman Hotel

As soon as you enter the spacious lobby, you will be greeted by captivating digital artworks displayed on large screens. The lobby also showcases exhibitions from the Artist Playground, a Pullman initiative that introduces various artists over time. The hotel offers a blend of art, travel, culture, and technology, ensuring a fulfilling stay. For digital-savy guests, make use of our check-in/out robots to easily check in and check out. Enjoy seamless high-speed Wi-Fi access throughout the hotel. Immerse yourself in a luminous world that harmoniously reflects the essence of Hong Kong and the local lifestyle

Budget for accommodations: P3,000 for 4 nights

Where to eat

Wonton noodles at Mak’s Noodle

The staple of Southeastern China, this delicious brothy delight is common in Hong Kong and can be a thrilling experience if you know where to get it! Typically shrimp, pork and vegetable wrapped in a neat package of thing and springy wonton egg-noodle dough, these little dumpling-like parcels are cooked al dente before being perched atop a steaming hot flavour-filled umami broth. A sprinkle of chopped chives completes the dish which when served should be devoured noodle first to keep your wonton from going soggy. When on the hunt for where to eat in Hong Kong, particularly where to eat wonton noodles, head to Mak’s Noodle – arguably the most renowned noodle shop in the city

Budget for food: S$5 (P175/meal) x 2 meals/day x 5 days = P1,400

How To Get Around

The Mass Transit Railway (known as the MTR) is the fastest and most convenient mode of transport in the urban areas. Serving an average of 4.8 million passengers a day, the MTR covers much of the New Territories, Kowloon and the harbour front of Hong Kong Island, with the latest expansion now including stations at Sai Ying Pun, the University of Hong Kong and Kennedy Town. The Island Line is planned to be extended further south to Aberdeen in 2016, transporting passengers to Ocean Park, a major tourist attraction in the city, as well as Wong Chuk Hang and South Horizons. Other extension plans include Shatin to Central via To Kwa Wan and an express railway linking Hong Kong to Guangzhou and Beijing.

Budjet for transportation : P910

What To See and Do

Spending 5 days in Hong Kong gives you plenty of time to see the top sights & attractions, while not needing to rush through it all. You will be able to take full advantage of your days & nights in Hong Kong, and have the flexibility to move things around as you see fit.

Budjet for attractions: P980

Total budget

P3,300 – Air Asia Philippines

P2,500 – Philippine travel tax

P3,000 – Accommodations

P1,400 – Food

P910 – Transportation

P980 – Attractions

——

P12,090 – TOTAL

Reference:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong#:~:text=Hong%20Kong%20was%20established%20as,the%20New%20Territories%20in%201898.

https://www.william-russell.com/blog/hong-kong-culture-and-customs-guide-expats/#:~:text=With%20such%20a%20rich%20mix,and%20the%20Western%20New%20Year.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine

[airmanisr]

Douglas DC-2 & 1/2 by Willard Womack Via Flickr: In the spring of 1941, this China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC) DC-3 had one wing destroyed, and numerous bullet holes in the fuselage, from an attack by Japanese fighters on the Suifu China airport. A DC-2 wing was attached to the belly of a DC-3, and flown to Suifu, and fitted to the damaged DC-3. Some new holes were drilled in the flange where needed, to assure enough bolts were used. After a quick test flight, by its American pilot, it flew from Suifu to Hong Kong, stopping at Chungking for a load of passengers, along the way.

#DC-2 #DC-3 #aircraft

[missmcspooks]

7 SCHOOLS WITH HAUNTING BACKSTORY'S

NUMBER ONE: TAT TAK ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Location: Hong Kong

Tat Tak Elementary was built in 1974 and was up and running until 1998. There were no reports of anything strange happening in the school until around the time it closed down. Legend states that a woman who worked in the school had committed suicide by hanging herself in one of the girls bathrooms. This woman was said to be wearing a long red dress, and Chinese lore states that when a person dies while wearing all red, their spirit comes back as vengeful and sinister. Sometime after this tragedy, a young girl was claimed to be possessed by the woman’s spirit, and she started acting strange and violent, and even started to attack her fellow classmates who tried to help her calm down by biting them. This young girl then tried to hang herself in the exact same spot that the woman did before her, which is strange considering this girl had never even heard of this story before. Around a decade after the school had closed down, people would often break in to explore the haunted grounds and have made reports of seeing an apparition roaming around the halls and the classrooms of the school, and she was wearing a long red dress. The spirit now goes by the name, “The Red Lady.” 

That doesn’t conclude the haunting story of Tat Tak Elementary, as the grounds it stood on came with a dark history of its own. During British Occupation the people who lived in the village were brutally murdered and buried under the grounds of where Tat Tak stands today. Along with the tragedy that occured in 1941, when the Japanese took over, villagers were also brutally murdered and were buried in the grounds right next door of the school. There’s no doubt that more spirits roam the halls along with The Red Lady. Today, the Tat Tak building still stands, as it dwindles down more and more to nothing but an old building with a haunting tale. 

NUMBER TWO: MATTHEW WHALEY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Location: West Virginia 

This story begins with a woman named Mary Whaley and her son Matthew, who sadly passed away at the young age of 9. Matthew attended a little school where Mary was also a teacher, and he loved going to school quite a lot and made a lot of good memories there. To honor her son’s memory, Mary decided to put her money into renovating the little school and improving the way it looked. The school was then renamed in his honor as the Matthew Whaley school, or what others had called it, Matty’s school. Eventually Mary moved to England and entrusted the school to the local church. In 1870, the community decided to put their money together and make another renovation to the school and remade it into a brick building with two rooms, and the original name was kept the same. In 1929, the building was renovated once again after the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation purchased the lot to make the governor's palace. However, in its current state, it’s known as Matthew Whaley Elementary school. 

Spirits don’t just connect themselves to buildings, they can also connect themselves just to a name of something as well, which was the case for this school. It didn’t matter how many times the building was torn down and remade, it only mattered that Matthew’s name was still connected to it. Children and teachers have reported hearing footsteps in the hallways, and hearing a child running around and playing inside the school and on the playground. Apparently the little boy has been seen interacting with the children as well. The apparition that people would see always resembled a little boy around the age of 9. However, much like the Tat Tak Elementary school, the land that this school is built on also has a dark history connected to it. During the 1950’s there was a lot of violence against the African American population, and wrongful lynching was extremely common, and everything got even worse during integration. It’s rumored that two young boys were lynched right on the grounds where the elementary school stands, and people have reported seeing these two boys walking around the school and playing on the playground together. People have also reported that the two boys were spotted with another little boy, who was assumed to be Matthew. 

NUMBER THREE: POASTTOWN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Location: Ohio

In 1963 a man named Daryl Wissman attended this school and made a lot of memories there. He enjoyed going to school there so much that he bought the building for $189,000 in 2004, four years after it was completely shut down and abandoned. He had the dream of renovating the school and making it his home. It didn’t take long for Daryl and his wife Brenda to notice strange occurrences happening throughout the building. Their family lived there alone, and yet they always heard voices around the building. Dary’s good friend offered to help him repair something upstairs, and he was known for being a very tough man, and even he got spooked. While he was working upstairs they heard a scream and saw him come running down the stairs looking spooked, and he claimed that he saw a ghost. The couple called in many paranormal investigators to inspect the 54 room building, and each and every one of them confirmed that the building was indeed haunted. News got out about the haunted school, and the couple thought they could make some money on it, and started charging people for visits, tours, and overnight camping. People recorded their experiences there and posted them online, which helped the school become even more well-known to the public. In the recordings you could hear people walking, running, and screaming, and you could also see doors opening and closing by themselves. But the big question came eventually: WHY? Paranormal investigators said they believed the hauntings came from two different train crashes that were only around a mile away from the school. Both of the crashes happened on July 4th, but in different years. It’s unknown how many people died in the 1895 crash, but the crash in 1910 killed 24 people, and over 30 more injured. It’s believed that the building was an emergency medical station for the people involved in the crash.

NUMBER FOUR: PARKS ROAD ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Location: Missouri 

This school was built on what used to be a cemetery. Normally when new buildings are being placed on the grounds of a cemetery, the bodies and tombstones are supposed to be transported elsewhere. However, it’s thought that a few bodies must’ve been forgotten about. It’s reported that aspirations would be seen walking along the halls, and children would run frantically to their teachers, telling them that they saw a young girl crying in the bathroom. The teachers would go check the bathroom, and every time they saw nothing. There would also be a woman walking around the school who spooked children on a daily basis. She would be seen wearing a green dress, and had no eyes on a pale white face. It’s said that the woman would chase children down the halls if she caught them staring at her. However, the children weren’t the only ones who witnessed spooking things. Many faculty members reported hearing blood curdling screams during times where children were not in the school.

NUMBER FIVE: FARRAR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Location: Iowa

This school was built in 1921 and closed down in 2001. It ran for 80 years until the population there began to dwindle, and remaining students were moved to Anderson Elementary. Across the street from Farrar elementary resided a 150 year old cemetery, where the number of graves grew, while the number of the population fizzled. The building sat abandoned for 5 years until it was purchased by Jim and Nancy Oliver in 2006, in hopes of making it into their new home. However, that dream all came crumbling down when they realized they were not alone inside the building. They would hear voices and see figures roaming around the halls and staircases. Eventually, it became too much for the couple and they decided to sell it. The new owners of the property were warned about its haunting nature and they went along with it anyway, making it into a recording studio. The studio was rented out to a band called Ghost Hive, and another man, Ianda, took the room next door to the band. As he set up his equipment, he monitored the band next door, and suddenly his computer screen went out and became fuzzy. This was very abnormal as he’s never had an issue with his monitor before, and fuzziness like this doesn’t happen with modern technology. That wasn’t the strangest thing though… the volume on his headset maxed out without him even touching them. He couldn’t turn the volume down, until suddenly everything went back to normal. He was never able to figure out why any of this happened. He was also a big skeptic when it came to the paranormal, but even he was second guessing his beliefs after this encounter. 

NUMBER SIX: NIGHTMUTE HIGH SCHOOL

Location: Alaska 

In Nightmute high school lives a young girl who appears to be very sad and lonely. She normally doesn’t really bother anyone, and seems to come off as friendly and shy. Even though she tends to keep to herself, she will come out to play sometimes. She’ll often leave basketballs around in the gymnasium, or she’ll go into the bathrooms and randomly flush toilets and turn the lights on and off. No one has any idea about who this girl is or why she’s even there. Maybe someday we’ll figure out the mystery. 

NUMBER SEVEN: EL PASO HIGH SCHOOL 

Location: Texas 

El Paso high school is one of the most haunted schools in America. It got its fancy title from one single ghost. She can be seen roaming the halls, flickering the lights, and even sounds of pep rallies come from the gymnasium when there’s nothing like that going on at all. There’s images of this ghost girl that are from decades ago, but the most famous one is a group photo that was taken in 1985 for a yearbook. Everyone in the picture can pretty much be seen clearly, while she appears to be a faded white aspiration. No one knows who that girl in the image was, and she definitely has never been seen in anyone’s classes. It’s rumored that a hallway that was walled off used to have classrooms that the girl attended, and it was closed off after images of the girl started occurring. But that didn’t keep her away. The photo remains up on the school's bulletin board, probably waiting for someone to identify who the girl is, which will probably never happen. 

The legend states that this was a teenage girl who committed suicide in in 1921 by slitting her wrists and throwing herself off one of the schools balconies. There’s also other additional photos with ghost girl, and the last photo is speculated to have more than just ghost girl in the photo.

#horror #horror blog #spooky #supernatural #paranormal #Spirits #ghosts #ghost #creepy #blog #blogging #blogger #blog post #blogpost

[oldcityprints]

[tillzzy]

FMP

Dai Pai Dong Timeline - Body copy for outcome

1940s

In 1941, Japan attacked and occupied Hong Kong, causing many citizens of the colony to become imprisoned with limited access to food and other resources. 3,000 British women and children were evacuated. In 1945, British troops returned and the civil government was reestablished. Hong Kong faced many challenges in rebuilding its economy and infrastructure. Also at this time, an influx of mainland Chinese residents fled to Hong Kong due to political instability in Mainland China at the time.

Unlicensed food stalls had been around since the early 1900s, particularly around Wan Chai and Central areas. After world war II had ended, the colonial Hong Kong government issued licenses to families of deceased and injured civil servants and mainland Chinese residents, which allowed them to operate food stalls in public to earn a living. This type of license was physically larger than normal ones, as a photograph of the license was required to appear on them.

The license was jokingly called 'dai pai' (big license) by locals and from then on, 'big license stalls' began to show up all over Hong Kong's streets.

1950s

During the 1950s, Dai Pai Dong was popular among the working class due to their cheap prices, it even earned the nickname 'poor people's nightclub'. Each stall specialised in different dishes, such as wonton noodles or beef brisket noodles.

Dai Pai Dong soon became the cause of traffic congestion, noise complaints and hygiene problems. some licensees even began to let out their stalls on the black market.

The government in response stopped issuing these new licenses in 1956, as well as limiting their transfer. Licenses could only be passed on to spouses upon the licensee's death, and if the licensee did not have a partner, the license would just expire.

1960-1970s

Dai Pai Dong peaked in the 1960s and 1970s, when a lot of local Hong Kong residents could not afford to dine at high end restaurants, so opted for cheaper, local dishes. Dai Pai Dongs were everywhere and easily accessible, mostly popular with families and workers who were working class.

Dai Pai Dongs were not only restaurants but also outdoor food stalls where locals could buy street food quickly and easily. In the 1960s, the population was high due to an increase in refugees from China. These refugees made up a bulk of the numbers for the lower class at the time. A lot of the Dai Pai Dongs were ran by these Mainland Chinese refugees due to the licenses that were given out by the government to help them make money to live.

Since 1975, the first cooked food centre opened in attempt to shift Dai Pai Dong to a more controlled environment. This was successful as many did move, however there were still a few that remained on the streets.

1980s

In 1983, the government began buying back licenses from stalls as they were causing congestion. There was also some hygiene issues that were raised. Since most license holders were now older and their licenses are only transferable to their spouses, many were willing to return their licenses for financial compensation. The government was offering up to a million Hong Kong dollars for each one to speed up the process. Since then, the number of traditional, authentic Dai Pai Dong has declined.

Kowloon City, which had 68 Dai Pai Dong had none by 1984, showing the sharp decline due to the cash payout. Many Dai Pai Dong continued business and to moved to temporary markets and cooked food markets that were indoors to reduce hygiene issues and congestion.

1990s

The 90s was a significant time for Hong Kong, as in 1997, the handover would occur. This created a lot of uncertainty in Hong Kong at the time. This caused a lot of people - particularly westerners to migrate overseas. During the 90s, Hong Kong experienced a boom in personal consumption

As more and more people could afford more expensive foods due to the rising of Hong Kong's economy, this sped up the process of Dai Pai Dong extinction. At the time, hygiene was no longer the main concern for Dai Pai Dong, among the 200 complaints from the government, 90% were that the restaurants blocked the roads from being on the street side.

2000s

Due to the location of Kai Tak airport, this stunted the growth of Kowloon which was already overpopulated. Building heights were restricted and no flashing lights were allowed. In 2005, the airport was moved to Lantau Island, which transformed Kowloon from a noisy, undesirable flight path zone to a priceless area. Redevelopment and regeneration took over Kowloon, forcing a lot of Dai Pai Dong to close, particularly in Sham Shui Po.

In 2005, Dai Pai Dong in Hong Kong received new public attention for preservation. Man Yuen Noodles, a popular Dai Pai Dong in central faced imminent closure due to the licensee passing away, which caused a big uproar. Many residents tried to protest against the government, however it was unsuccessful.

2010s - 2020s

Even as Dai Pai Dong begin to gain global recognition from tourists and locals, they still face extinction. The numbers have been and still continue to decline, with license transfer becoming more and more difficult. In 2014, there were only 25 left, and in 2024, only 18 remain. The government is aware that tourists want to visit these traditional, authentic places so the Central locations remain protected, but views differ in other districts.

Remaining Dai Pai Dongs have smartened up to attempt to compete with more expensive restaurants. Many have cleaned their premises and scaled down their outdoor areas, moving more indoors to stay alive. Open air kitchens facing the street still remain, however to remain afloat, much has changed over the years.

Attaché (2024). Hong Kong - is it still worth visiting? YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SQ041I-PcI4&ab_channel=Attach%C3%A9 [Accessed 18 Mar. 2024].

Asia Society. (2024). Asia Society Food Series - Dai Pai Dong Cuisine. [online] Available at: https://asiasociety.org/hong-kong/asia-society-food-series-dai-pai-dong-cuisine [Accessed 15 Mar. 2024].

British Pathe (1961). WELCOME+TO+PRINCESS. [online] British Pathé. Available at: https://www.britishpathe.com/asset/86183/ [Accessed 18 Mar. 2024].

British Pathe (2022). Stock Shots Hong Kong. [online] British Pathé. Available at: https://www.britishpathe.com/asset/105902/ [Accessed 18 Mar. 2024].

Hong Kong - Postwar, Economy, Politics | Britannica. (2024). In: Encyclopædia Britannica. [online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong/Postwar-Hong-Kong [Accessed 14 Mar. 2024].

Loc.gov. (2024). Hong Kong (August 1997) - Library of Congress Information Bulletin. [online] Available at: https://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/9708/hongkong.html#:~:text=In%20December%201941%2C%20as%20it,reduced%20to%20approximately%20600%2C000%20residents. [Accessed 14 Mar. 2024].

South China Morning Post (2018). Take a tour of Hong Kong in the 60s. YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wxbhwpl9pDw&ab_channel=SouthChinaMorningPost [Accessed 18 Mar. 2024].

Whitehead, K. (2014). Dai pai dong an endangered species in Hong Kong. [online] South China Morning Post. Available at: https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/food-drink/article/1556158/dai-pai-dong-endangered-species-hong-kong [Accessed 18 Mar. 2024].

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Young Post. (2020). Why are Hong Kong’s dai pai dong disappearing? [online] Available at: https://www.scmp.com/yp/discover/lifestyle/features/article/3097776/hong-kongs-dai-pai-dong-serving-citys-ultimate [Accessed 22 Mar. 2024].

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HK Magazine (2005). Dai Pai Gone? [online] South China Morning Post. Available at: https://www.scmp.com/magazines/hk-magazine/article/2032727/dai-pai-gone [Accessed 22 Mar. 2024].

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Imf.org. (2024). Occasional Paper 152--Hong Kong, China / Introduction and Overview. [online] Available at: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/nft/op152/chap1.htm#:~:text=During%20the%20early%201990s%2C%20Hong,the%20external%20balance%20deteriorated%20sharply. [Accessed 22 Mar. 2024].

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Treleaven, S. (2018). Hong Kong’s Dai Pai Dong Stalls Are Disappearing. [online] MyRecipes. Available at: https://www.myrecipes.com/extracrispy/hong-kongs-dai-pai-dong-stalls-are-disappearing [Accessed 22 Mar. 2024].

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