#bone facts

[shynerdwantscuddles]

Hi everyone, It’s your favorite or most hated nonbinary twink here to tell you that if you’re over the age of 25, the number of bones in your body has been reduced by about 94.

#bones #bone facts #fun fact #my post

[robbie-roo]

Marsupials (overview)

Hello, desktop Tumblr it is time to talk about mammals again >:)

I can feel my roommate watching me over my shoulder...

also wow using grammerly on desktop is really annoying! but I can use titles???? woo!

I think I regret choosing desktop for this.... oh well! lets get into it

Ok so we left off talking about monotremes and I will have a post about their bones at some point I pinky swear I just need to figure out what I want to talk about. ok anyways today let's see what should we talk about hmm.... drumroll please.....

Metatheria!

So metatheria are the marsupials of the animal kingdom you've heard of a lot of them and I'm sure you know their calling card- pouches. but we are getting INTO it tonight guys heheheh

ok so some Latin facts- we know that protheria (monotremes) means 'first beast' but metatheria means "in-between beasts"

the first/oldest protheria we know about is the sinodelphys they are found mostly in Australia and South America due to a lack of placental mammals during the whole continental drift business.

ok so what makes a marsupial a marsupial? well let's get into a few relatively universal traits amongst them (remember folks nature doesn't read biology books so some of these are special or gone in certain groups)

so bones (BONES!!!!)

so the pelvic and jaw bones in a metathere are different than in eutheres (we will talk about them next teehee) they do not have a rounded angular process and it's instead spiky (here's a picture of a possum jaw for reference)

There are also extra openings in the back of the pallet and a smaller brain case their teeth are funky too! They have an extra set of incisors.

so I mentioned their funky pelvic bones but what I mean by that is their reproduction is wacko. so like monotremes they have a cloaca and not a vaginal and anal opening. this is why they're "in-between beasts" they have traits that are similar to both ends of the spectrum.

speaking of reproduction their cloaca is subdivided and they will hold eggs internally with a specialized membrane. this membrane surrounds the fetus more than an egg would with a floating placenta surrounding the fetus unlike in us this placenta isn't attached to a uterine horn. Their reproductive structure is also loopy... I'm not kidding look at this shit- this is a kangaroo reproductive structure

WEIRD! They have a pseudovaginal canal which is only there for birth and is part of the cloaca also keep an eye on that second uterus ill get into that more with kangaroos specifically

and it's only in females male reproductive structure is normal

their young are always born underdeveloped. they have an extended lactation period because of this with that special changing milk we mammals have that will deliver the perfect amount of nutrients needed.

so the babies are born super early but those ungrateful little turds have the immediate responsibility to get THEMSELVES into their mother's pouch. Mamma can't help you do everything little Joey.

I need to expand on this because it's fucking INSANE ok so like I said they are underdeveloped and I mean like VERY underdeveloped as in they do not have a full heart or brain yet!!!!! their lungs are just sacks and they don't have a jaw but they DO have a tongue and arms that they use to pull along their mother's hair to get to the milk. again- mama ain't helping you.

Ok i'm ending this here only because this is just general overview stuff and then I'm gonna get into specific species and families next staring with kangaroos :)

#Animal facts #zoology #animals #mammals #mammalogy #special interest #kangaroo #metatheria #college student #biology #animal reproduction #bones #bone facts #wooo lets hear it for animals raaaaah #marsupials #im dyslexic sorry for typos

[bobby-bones-the-skeleton]

BONE FUN FACT OF THE DAY

YOUR SMALLEST BONE, THE STAPES, IS IN YOUR EAR

IMAGINE HAVING EARS

#bone facts #Bones #fun facts #skeleton #friday

[brainghostaradia]

bone fact number 4

frogs do not have ribs

#bone facts

[thunderboltfire]

I have unwittingly witnessed a new level of the absurd. Behold, the AI-generated equine anatomy models.

Ah yes, my favourite parts of the equine body. Paster and... *looks at the smudged writing on hand* boob. At least this one looks purely decorative and the being actually looks like a horse. But don't worry, it gets worse.

If we completely ignore the hipopotamus musculature of this one, there's still a lot of things that don't make sense in this one, like a tail that ends in a series of bone spikes and a complete lack of molars. You could make a cool pokemon on the basis of this, but it's not even in the realm of being an actual anatomy help.

I'm firmly convinced this is not a horse, this is something that really, really wants you to think it is a horse. The more you look, the more things look... wrong. The more details turn out to be shifted, bones crammed in to fill in the familiar form, its shape merely implied so that the human mind fills the gap. Of course the text seems like gibberish, because its anatomy is incomprehensible. it's either a parasite or a monster and in each case, it's an eldtrich body horror. I'm kind of angry at how well this joke writes itself.

#I'm just angry that despite of the fact I have almost every AI site blocked it still showed up in the search #I don't think these will fool anyone but still - make sure you know the things you reference are actually accurate #I can recommend Herman Dittrich's drawings when it comes to the equine anatomy #This time I was just searching for the anatomy it bc I forgot what's the name of the canon bone #anti generative ai

[lotus-pear]

these losers again

#sorry for literally drawing never ever. apology skk for u guys #ALSO WAIT WAIT nobody talks abt this but #we need to enforce the fact that dazai has these large soft gorgeous brown doe eyes and chuuya has the vulpine sharp sullen dark cat eyes #skk both have brown eyes guys. not enough ppl know this💔 #anyway enough abt that before i go on an entire tangent abt how bones fucking RUINED everyones character designs #bungou stray dogs #bungo stray dogs #bsd #chuuya nakahara #nakahara chuuya #dazai osamu #osamu dazai #skk #soukoku #lotus draws

[blessyouhawkeye]

shadow and bone is like. it's the worst show i've ever seen it's the best show i've even seen it's a bad adaptation it's fanfiction with a netflix budget it's better than i expected it's worse than i wanted it's pure fan service the acting is phenomenal the writing is terrible and the thing is it's all of these things. but also it's none of these things because most importantly shadow and bone is a vessel for freddy carter to give the performance of a lifetime

#freddy as kaz really makes me mourn the fact that they didn't do a crows spinoff after s1 #he's THAT BITCH!!!! #i maintain that freddy and amita are the backbone of the show. it all hinges on them #shadow and bone #grishaverse #freddy carter

[shaunashipman]

like i know netflix doesn't care, because they're all about new subscriptions over anything else, but do they not realize they've created a self-fulfilling prophecy? they cancel shows after 1 or 2 seasons because they didn't get the instant viewership they wanted, which makes people jaded and resolve not to watch new shows from them until it's finished, or at least has several seasons under its belt, which means that their new shows doesn't get the instant viewership they wanted

#cleo.txt #shadow and bone #six of crows #i know people have said this before #but it still just boggles my mind how all these companies are willing to shoot themselves in the foot for a sake of a few extra dollars now #ignoring the fact that their foots gonna fall off from gangrene later

[cressjacquine]

MOTHER?

#my mother is ketterdamn she birthed me in the harbour #my father is profit I donor him daily #the dramatic words of a 17yo emo boy #the fact that I know that of by heart smh #ketterdam #shadow and bone netflix #shadow and bone #kaz brekker #six of crows #grishaverse #lbardugo

[mayathexpsychic]

here is a new/old drawing!! its a rework of a piece i did last year for the fall out boy seasons zine. i liked the concept a lot but i thought the composition could be improved a little so i redrew it and im super happy with how it turned out :) !!!!

#i just learned all the carpal bones in my human anatomy class so hopefully they are all the right shape and orientation despite the fact #that they are EXPLODING out of this SEVERED HAND. :) #fall out boy #patrick #pete wentz #joe trohman #andy hurley #my art

[domibomz]

MORE ANASTASIA! The design belongs to my wife @ghostsessioned ! Did you know she finds skulls to be the least interesting bone in the human body ?

#tlt #the locked tomb #tlt anastasia #do i need to trigger warning bones #tw bones #just in case #but if you have a bone trigger i have bad news for you i am about to dive headfirst into a TLT kick #which means i also have to confront the fact that i do not know how to draw bones #anastasia the ninth #my art

[multi-fandom-bi]

Kaz: *is without his crow cane*

Citizens of Ketterdam: A bastard?

Kaz: *gets his crow cane*

Citizens of Ketterdam: Bastard of the Barrel!!!

(idea creds: @swiftie-as-a-coursing-river)

#the person tagged came with the idea i just did it :) #anyway the fact that the *only* thing that gets Kaz recognised is his canr is so funny to me #and idk why #kaz brekker #bastard of the barrel #six of crows #leigh bardugo #grishaverse #six of crows duology #shadow and bone #crooked kingdom #shadow and bone tv series #inej ghafa #kanej

[robbie-roo]

Hey! Maybe you could expand on the monotremata have special bones thing? Pretty please? Love the animal facts ♥️

Monotremata's special bones huh?

sure! although I don't remember what I might have touched on already so I apologize if I repeat myself and I'll do a special info dump on bones and how we know what mammals are later on too!

OK so monotremata our five species with the most primitive traits left on earth in a mammal they're pretty fucking cool. without getting super deep into more ancient history and traits the very early "mammals" were similar to an alligator in that it had one hole (the cloaca) jaws that were only really good at snapping shut not made for chewing, and limbs that were a little more splayed out

so obviously there's some similarities in that essence with a platypus and an alligator. they both have jaws that are made to snap shut, they both have the same cloaca, and their limbs are a little too awkward for 4 wheel drive all the time. what makes a mammal a mammal is four things

1. hair

2. the ability to lactate

3. complex teeth

4. inner ear bones

now some of these traits are more obvious than others in certain animals or may be diminished to become basically non existent for example hair on dolphins or like the platypus that doesn't really have any chewing teeth at all

but monotremes are special because of their extra traits I mentioned before- they have cloacas, barely any if any teeth at all, they "sweat" milk, and they don't give birth to live young but they are still "mammals" because of those earlier traits

their bones however are relatively the same as other mammals- we have a thing called determinant growth- basically we have a set size and we won't get any bigger we also evolved from a certain skull orientation known as synapsid

synapsid skulls ate hard and heavy because the back of the skull is solid bone- this is big news for early critters because it gives us places to attach muscles this leads to the snapping shut jaw we later gain a cheekbone when we meet our friend the pelycosaur

now we have a zygomatic arch! this gives us more places to put muscles for our jaw we are getting closer to chewing but not quite there yet

so these are the traits I mean when I talk about "primitive mammals" we get three surviving groups

the monotremes

the eutherians (that's us!)

and the metatherians (marsupials)

so backtrack a little- the cynodonts are giving us a soft and a hard pallete we can now eat AND breathe silly little reptiles can't do that

now ok ok I've gone over a lot that's like background information for monotreme bones let me skip ahead a few million years

so monotreme skulls- that's their funky part

monotremes have skulls similar to a bird- they don't have any ear flaps and no teeth at all (just that hard pallete) the skulls are also fused together with fewer openings

they also have weirdly shaped inner ear bones here's a picture

so this doesn't mean much to any of you so the take away is just- its weird.

they do have some "teeth" when we are talking about platypus they have triangular molars and have an egg tooth that goes away eventually

so this is their skull

left is a platypus right is an echidna

so as you can kinda tell... it's weird. monotremes are weird. platypus have bones that only go around the side of their beaks and look at that weird head its just.... weird

and their hips are also weird!

they have epipubic bones in their hips

(echidna pubic bones)

and an extra interclavical bone around the shoulder cradle it's similar to those therapsids I mentioned (did I mention those? idk I'll make another post if not)

(platypus sternum)

they also have a short stiff spine but that's kinda boring

anyways that's what I know about monotreme bones if I think of anything extra I will add to it but I hope this gives you the information you were looking for!! please feel free to ask me anything :)

#monotematas have special bones #monotremata #platypus #animal facts #zoology #echidna #bones #bone facts #biology #OH I SAID THEY HAVE SPECIAL BONES IN THE TAGS #THAT MAKES SO MUCH MORE SENSE

[the-witch-of-woods-beyond]

love the message of inej saying she would fight for kaz, but could not heal him. because she would not waste her life trying. love that she realises that love is not enough to move on from something as traumatic as what they both went through - love that that message is stated in the book. because inej as a character wants freedom more than anything, from tante heleen, from ketterdam and the dregs and even kaz. and she’s willing to walk away from him for herself, which is not a selfish choice but actually a very healthy one, especially for inej. and i love kanej, i love that he reunites her with her family, that their ending is open and shows the steps they take towards healing, that they end by holding hands and inej gets vengeance on pekka and a ship she uses to carry out her justice.

#grishaverse #shadow and bone #six of crows #the crows #inej ghafa #kaz brekker #kanej #im honestly obsessed with her as a chatacter and i love the fact that she actually left #she got her ship #she got the freedom she wanted for SO LONG

[brainghostaradia]

bone fact number 3

skeletons are in fact real

#bone facts #this is a reference to the skeleton slur post OuO

[kuurake]

#let's just ignore the fact i havent even met them properly yet #wesper #wylan hendriks #jesper fahey #shadow and bone #fanart #soc #six of crows