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wainwrightjakobshammerlock · 4 months

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HAIII HOW ABOUUTT ✨️🎯❤️✂️ AND 🧠 forrrr Galileusz, Lazarus and Sir Windward ? :3

Galileusz:

✨️ First name is the Polish spelling of the Italian name Galileo, meaning "Galiliean, from Galiliee". Also belonged to a famous astronomer. Picked it because it sounded cool and also because I can absolutely see this guy looking at stars to idk convert a date from 30 yrs ago from Eden time to Pandoran time. Middle name (Béla) is from Hungarian. It could mean either "white" or "guts, bowel". It's also the name of four Hungarian kings. Picked it because I wanted some sort of weird ish middle name starting with B (or more accurately my brain wanted it; OCs often just. Come into my brain somewhat fully formed and demand VIBES) and this one sounded coolio. Surname (Monroe) is Scottish, meaning "from the Mouth of the Roe". It was also the surname of an American president who pioneered the eponymous doctrine of isolationism. Fitting for this guy since he does not like being disturbed in his work lol.

🎯 Calculations (sometimes he does it too fast and eats minuses or changes a 5 to a 6. beats himself up over it. this is definitely not me projecting.), speed typing, and oddly enough origami. He's got these massive fancy ahh origami constructions strewn about his office (and if somehow you got him to chill you'd absolutely get 10000 expertly constructed paper planes thrown at you).

❤️ Marsh explicitly calling him a friend for the first time. (Gal doesn't really have many friends, both in and out of work.)

✂️ Worst memory? What worst memory? Everything's fine. He totally didn't have anything excised or erased maybe. No he doesn't know anything about that planet that starts with G. Everything is in order.

🧠 first proper cisgender man jakobs employee oc (technically Poirot was first but he's just an au). took me long enough. unfortunately he is also bisexual /SILLY

Lazarus:

✨️ I'm ngl I was thinking of The Binding of Isaac video game at the time. Only later did I realize "wow zir adoption into the family coincides with the restoration of the manor and general resurgence of the jakobs corporation. just like that bible guy who died and got resurrected. and also it keeps with the jakobs corp's biblical symbolism theme".

🎯 stealing Nothing specific. Ze's a jack of all trades master of none. Even if we're talking skilltree wise I'd imagine ze'd be equally good at mobbing and at bossing. But probably a bit more at bossing.

❤️ It's a competition between finding zir first magazine there in the dump and being found by this strange probably corporate but incognito aka LOADED guy then realizing he's really cool actually (the guy was Alistair Hammerlock hunting the Sovian Basilisk btw he just wanted someone who'd guide him through the sewers since he's not used to hunting in the concrete jungle).

✂️ NOT zir parents dying despite what you might think (ze doesn't remember that at all; it was very long ago and confusing and shit). Honestly all the worst moments in zir life happened so early they're in a haze for the most part. This includes the starvation and illness and all that. It physically hurts to recall it.

🧠 MY FIRST ACTUAL BORDERLANDS OC THEEEEE SCIMBO SCUNKY THEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE SILLY EVER. WAINLOCK FANKID. HUNT VAULTER. FUNKY EVER FOR FUCKING REAL E

Windward

✨️ I forgor </3 It's kinda sad bc his name doesn't really fit the aesthetic of Athame much anymore? Like. That place is basically Persian/Sarmatian Steampunk Magic Vaguely British Interdimensionally Connected Warsaw/Gdynia and "Sir Robert Windward" just sounds mid. (He was the first guy in that oc verse; back then it was just SUPER British and shit.) It's not even strange like Poirot's surname. But I can't just rename him so I like to think it's a "translation convention" (aka Triadic transliteration; just like Athame is actually written as Adzameh in the proper local language) of some much cooler Athamian name idk. And/or that he has a more appropriate middle name like Parvuz (invented but appropriate for the style I'm going for) or Mehr (modern Persian form of Mithra) or smth like that.

🎯 Mf just wants to consolidate his parents' quasi-legal contract empire. And when I mean consolidate I mean CONSOLIDATE they let his ass onto the city council despite his family being considered "noble" only a generation ago (Athame is quasi-oligarchic; used to be a monarchy then elective monarchy then oligarchy and now it sort of has elections and shit but not really it's got the council which essentially has authoritarian rule. It's a bit of a mess very roughly inspired by Sanation era Poland. Because I'm cringe). Also raise an adoptive heir to said empire because he is NOT getting pregnant.

❤️ Transition day. Like of course gender euphoria is cool but have you ever gotten it all at once? That or maybe the day he had his first cigar. Or piece of sugar candy.

✂️ His mother's death. She was killed by the Conspiracy (AKA the Silent Conspiracy, an organization led by Yaldab'axas, one of the Old Gods, which is exactly what it says; a conspiracy effort to snuff out the Great Engine. He doesn't know it was them) in an exceptionally brutal spir-fueled (i.e. magical; spir is magical energy in TTP) manner right in front of his eyes. His father spent the rest of his life studying and trying to uncover the Conspiracy, which led to many (though not all) of their ventures being sold. It's also the reason why Rosa wants his gay ass tower, it's chock full of records on the Conspiracy, and homegirl is DETERMINED to find and kill all these fuckers.

🧠 He's everything to me. He's my problematic fave. He's transgender. He's a manwhore. Both he and his family have committed innumerable warcrimes AND regular crimes. He's pansexual and polyamorous. Both his gender and sexuality are tied into his story but not for the reasons you think. He's canonically a DILF. He's a wizard. He's a failguy. He's immensely successful. He's a homewrecker. He's a businessman. He's a hedonist. He has soggy naturals. He's masculine in the way an orphan generating Victorian coal baron is masculine. He's in Borderlands also for some reason. He's never had a proper loving romantic relationship. He's got a moustache that covers his face. Et cetera.

#fourth wall mail slot #magnuficentwo #oc: galileusz b. monroe #oc: lazarus jakobs #oc: sir windward #magnus #ask meme #I RAMBLED SO MUCH HOPE U LIEK THIS #long post

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automatismoateo · 1 year

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As an ex-Christian, I feel like every Christian should know we have very strong evidence that the Israelites were never slaves in Egypt and the Exodus never happened via /r/atheism

As an ex-Christian, I feel like every Christian should know we have very strong evidence that the Israelites were never slaves in Egypt and the Exodus never happened

I was born and raised evangelical and had what was considered a "good" Christian education all the way through private Christian college. In all my studies, this fact was never mentioned. Or, more accurately, it was systematically shielded from me. Now, as an adult, I've looked more deeply into biblical archaeology out of curiosity and the facts are stunning.

Fact 1: We have millions (!) of artifacts from ancient Egypt, including during the time the Bible says the Israelites were enslaved in Egypt. Given the abundance of data, we would strongly expect to find evidence of a million+ enslaved Israelites. But there is exactly none. In fact, at the Israel Museum, there is a room dedicated to the Exodus: It is intentionally completely empty.

Fact 2: Modern archaeological techniques can reveal almost any level of human activity during the time periods at play here, especially in otherwise uninhabited areas. Bone and pottery are inevitably left behind, and we can detect even trace amounts. The Bible states 600,000 men plus women, children, and animals (so 1.5 to 2M people) left Egypt (Exodus 12:37) and wandered 40 years in the Sinai desert. It says they stayed at one campsite, Kadesh Barnea, for 38 of the 40 years (Deut. 2:14). Now, besides the fact that the claimed number of people is astronomically high for the time period, and the desert could not sustain any number of people for this amount of time (the Bible claims manna from heaven to handle this), and Egypt controlled all the northern land routes to Canaan at this time, with military outposts throughout (so Pharoah chasing them down doesn't make any sense)... We have searched every corner of Sinai for evidence of the Israelite migration, and there is absolutely no trace of them. We've identified the site of Kadesh Barnea, and while it was occupied much earlier and much later by small nomadic groups, it was completely uninhabited for the centuries surrounding the biblical narrative. This is strong evidence that the Law passed down by Moses at Sinai - the core of the Old Testament and the foundation out of which the New Testament emerged - never happened. It also shows that major parts of the OT are extremely unreliable (i.e., unlikely to be from a divine source...).

Fact 3: The biblical account of the conquest of Canaan is strongly contradicted by the archaeological evidence of Jericho. Jericho, the most famous city to fall to the Israelites in the Bible, was uninhabited during the relevant time period.

Fact 4: The famed kingdoms of David and Solomon have little supporting archaeological evidence, and the evidence available indicates Jerusalem and other cities at the time were little more than small settlements without centralized state functions or trade. The nature and extent of their rule is disputed by scholars.

(Now, to the Bible's credit, many of the major historical events after the events mentioned above have been supported by archaeological evidence -- conquests of cities, empirical rule by Assyria and later Babylon, names of kings, etc.)

I share this because when I was a Christian as an adult, evidence actually did matter to me (I was persuaded by evolution, age of the universe, Genesis as myth, etc.), and it changed my thinking. It was not "faith alone" against all reason, as it is for some. I think there are others now in that same boat, including my still-Christian family -- but the facts are actively withheld by Christian educators and communities. I wish these facts were shouted from the rooftops, so that it wasn't just up to an individual's curiosity to seek them out.

Submitted April 13, 2023 at 04:20PM by AmIDevOrProd (From Reddit https://ift.tt/W8nPfrL)

#reddit

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harrelltut · 5 years

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卍 JEHOVAH Occult Witness Me [ME = U.S. Michael Harrell = TUT = JAH] on Egyptian [JE = JESUS] HARRELLTV® as iTUT® Recall My BIBLICALLY HISTORICAL Life of HIGHLY Prophetic Afterlife [PA] Revelations I Meticulously + Ancestrally RECORDED [MARS] on Earth [ME = U.S. Michael Harrell = TUT = JAH] since My Biblically Black [Ancient] Egyptian [BAE = COSMIC] Family of Historically ACCURATE [HA = HARRELL] Witnesses TESTIFIED II My SOULFUL Ascension to the Terrestrial Underworld Realms of NEPTUNE [SATURN] 卍

#I BEE U.S. Michael Harrell [Emperor TUT] who Ancestrally BEE Queen Tiye's Biblically Egyptian PHARAOH TUT on Egyptian HARRELLTV®#Celebrate the financial collapse of modern day america #I Meticulously + Astronomically RECORD [MARS] Earth [ME = U.S. Michael Harrell = TUT = JAH] on Egyptian [JE = JESUS] HARRELLTV®#you still still sittin' in church [PRESCHOOL] and still don't know Shit #I Praise [I/P] My Biblically Black [Ancient] Egyptian [BAE = COSMIC] Family of Historically ACCURATE [HA = HARRELL] Witnesses #JAH WITNESS My SOULFUL Ascension to the Tectonic Underworld Realms of NEPTUNE [SATURN]#I'mma Tectonically [I.T.] sink modern day america like I Tectonically [I.T.] sunk Black Atlantis #I Quietly [IQ] TERRORIZE [I.T.] ALL powerless modern day temporal govment agencies of basic artificial intelligence on Egyptian HARRELLTV®#I Quietly [IQ] ENGINEER & UPGRADE My Triple 666 [ROYAL] BLACK SUN COMPU_TAH [PTAH] of HIGHLY ADVANCED [HA = HARRELL] Egyptology [HE = JAH]#ain't nobody on earth... Intellectually Qualified [IQ] II Govern OVER Me [ME = U.S. Michael Harrell = TUT = JAH] on Earth [JE = JESUS]#iTUT® Recall My BIBLICALLY HISTORICAL Life of HIGHLY Prophetic Afterlife [PA] Revelations on Egyptian HARRELLTV®#modern day america = the Walking Dead

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heavenward-blog · 3 years

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Is the Bible true?

Why should “doubt” in the truth of the Bible be surprising when we live in a world of skepticism?

People today are skeptical of just about everything; what are people’s intentions, whether certain facts are accurate, the motives behind an action, etc. According to the Bible, we should not just take things at face value and believe them. Rather, the Bible counsels us to “test all things” (Acts 17:11), and this even includes the Bible.

How do we know the Bible is true?

Prophecy

Endurance of the Bible

Scientific facts

The unity of the Bible

Changed lives

1) Fulfilled prophecy

Many prophecies in the Bible have been fulfilled, and this fact helps develops faith and trust that the Bible is true. As we study world history in the light of these prophecies it adds authenticity.

Two of the most common chapters in the Bible that reveal prophetic facts regarding the life of Jesus are Psalm 22 and Isaiah 53.

There are over a hundred prophecies in the Old Testament that predict events that would happen in the life of Jesus, the Messiah, hundreds of years before they happened. The odds of one person being able to fulfill all these prophecies with 100% accuracy is 10 to the 18th power. That’s a "1" with 18 zero’s after it, (1,000,000,000,000,000,000). Two of the most common chapters in the Bible that reveal facts regarding the life of Jesus are Psalm 22 and Isaiah 53. Below are some of the prophecies about Jesus written in the Old Testament and their fulfillment in the New Testament.

How do we know the Bible is true?

Prophecy

Endurance of the Bible

Scientific facts

The unity of the Bible

Changed lives

1) Fulfilled prophecy

Many prophecies in the Bible have been fulfilled, and this fact helps develops faith and trust that the Bible is true. As we study world history in the light of these prophecies it adds authenticity.

Two of the most common chapters in the Bible that reveal prophetic facts regarding the life of Jesus are Psalm 22 and Isaiah 53.

Consider another wonderful prophecy in which God gave a Babylonian king an outline of history from his time to the end of the world. Read this remarkable dream in Daniel 2. God outlined for King Nebuchadnezzar the four great world kingdoms from his time right on down to our time: Babylon, Medo-Persia, Greece and Rome. Then the Roman Empire would be split into ten divisions, which are the European nations that exist today. The Great King, who is represented by the stone cut out of the mountain without hands, refers to the coming of Jesus and His eternal kingdom. Other prophecies recorded in the Bible were given many years, even hundreds of years, before the predicted event would take place. Yet these events happened exactly as the prophecy said they would.

Not only can we look at the fulfilled Biblical prophecies of the past to test the Bible's authenticity, but also we can see prophecies being fulfilled before our eyes today. Take for example Matthew 24:14 where Jesus says, “And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in all the world as a witness to all the nations, and then the end will come.” Through the use of radio, satellite, and TV the gospel of Jesus is being preached to all nations around the world.

Why should we believe the Bible is true? Because only God can foretell events hundreds of years before they happen (Isaiah 46:9,10) and each event predicted has occurred just as it was foretold in the Bible.

2) Endurance of the Bible

Mankind has tried to destroy the Bible for centuries. During the Dark Ages, only the clergy were allowed to read the Bible. The common person would be put in jail or even killed for having a Bible and sharing its teachings. We know from history that the reformers violated the laws and studied the Word of God for themselves. However, because of their actions, many of them were burned at the stake. Despite the efforts to completely eradicate the Bible, it still continues to be the world’s best seller every year. In fact, the Bible is the best-selling book in history.

Isaiah 40:8 reads, “The grass withers, the flower fades, but the Word of our God stands forever.” God promised in His Word that the Bible would last forever. Man cannot destroy it. Man can’t even silence it. The Bible has and will endure utill the end of time.

3) Science

There are many scientific evidences that endorse the authenticity and trustworthiness of the Bible as the Word of God, several of which are listed below:

In Jeremiah 31:37 we learn that the heavens (outer space) cannot be measured. At one point in history, astronomers thought the universe was measurable. But the Hubble Telescope showed that mankind was just living on a “pale blue dot” in the grand universe. In fact, the universe is too big for scientists to measure with tools currently available.

Job 26:7 reads, “He stretches out the north over empty space; He hangs the earth on nothing.” Job was written thousands of years ago. Long before anyone would have known for sure that the earth rotates around the sun.

4) The unity of the Bible

The Bible consists of 66 books. There are 39 books in the Old Testament and 27 books in the New Testament. Forty different authors wrote the Bible over the course of 1,500 years and on 3 different continents (Asia, Africa, and Europe). The Bible consists of many different types of writings. In the Old Testament we find (1) the Law of Moses, the first five books of the Bible, also known as the Pentateuch, (2) the Major and Minor Prophets, (3) Psalms & poetry, and (4) History. In the New Testament we find (5) the four gospels which tell the story of Jesus, (6) the book of Acts, which tell the historical account of the disciples after Jesus went to heaven, (6) letters that Paul and others wrote to the various churches and lastly, (7) Revelation, a prophetic book discussing events at the end of time.

When considering the varying aspects of the Bible, it is amazing to note that the Bible is truly consistent in content. If one would ask 40 different people from different cultures to write the same story without talking to each other beforehand could they provide a unified story? Would they all say the same thing? Would their facts be different? Would there be a different “tone” to each one? It is nearly impossible for a group of people to write in harmony with each other without consulting beforehand. In the same way, the accuracy and truth of the Bible can be highlighted by the harmony of its authors who wrote about controversial topics, but yet agreed on every point of doctrine.

5) Changed lives

The Bible has a convicting power that, if people will accept God’s working, will improve their lives. There are many accounts of people who were once thieves or murderers and now are changed because of studying the Bible. The Bible says in 1 Peter 1:23, “Having been born again, not of corruptible seed but incorruptible, through the Word of God which lives and abides forever.” Only through the Bible can one be truly changed. We have natural tendencies towards evil, but through the power of God’s word He will help us to be “born again”, to be renewed in mind (Romans 12:1, 2), to be a “new creature” (2 Corinthians 5:17), and to overcome sins in our life. As one considers the testimony of a changed life, it becomes more difficult to argue with the truth of the Bible and its power in people's lives.

Conclusion

Is the Bible true? God invites each one of us to “taste and see that the Lord is good” (Psalm 34:8). We can never know the taste of what someone else has tasted. We can only know what we have tasted. God asks us to taste for ourselves. The way that we taste is to read the Bible and study God’s character. Put God to the test. He asks us to see for ourselves, and not to go on what other people say, but instead find out for ourselves what is true. I encourage you to do just that—explore and research the trustworthiness of the Bible for yourself.

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sciencespies · 3 years

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Burnt 'Great Pyramid' notes reveal Isaac Newton's research into the apocalypse

https://sciencespies.com/humans/burnt-great-pyramid-notes-reveal-isaac-newtons-research-into-the-apocalypse/

Burnt 'Great Pyramid' notes reveal Isaac Newton's research into the apocalypse

Sir Isaac Newton, the acclaimed physicist, mathematician, and astronomer, may be one of the most renowned scientists of all time, but his wide-ranging research took him to strange places far outside what we now consider to be science.

Amidst his outstanding legacy of academic output, numerous fragments and unpublished notes – many discovered after his death in 1727 – stand as a testament to his long and said-to-be obsessive interest in matters of the occult, alchemy, and biblical apocalypse theory.

These mystical leanings – much of which would have been considered heretical thinking in Newton’s day – are evidenced in some fragmentary manuscript notes currently being auctioned by Sotheby’s.

In this case, the texts are literally fragments, in that they are the scorched survivors of a fire, said to have been started by an upset candle accidentally toppled by Newton’s dog, Diamond.

(Isaac Newton/Sotheby’s)

Whether that purported chain of events is entirely true isn’t clear, but what is clear is that the flame-licked sheets form part of Newton’s lesser-known canon, dealing with obscure theories we would now firmly categorise as pseudoscience.

In the pages – which at time of writing have a leading bid of £280,000 (about US$375,000) – Newton muses on ancient Egypt’s Great Pyramid of Giza, which Newton believed was designed around an Egyptian unit of measurement called the royal cubit.

Newton thought that by quantifying the royal cubit, he might be able to refine his own theories on gravitation, and in so doing provide an unprecedentedly accurate measure of the circumference of the Earth – while also unlocking other obscure and ‘sacred’ geometrical insights, that might ultimately predict when the world would end, as foretold in the Bible.

“He was trying to find proof for his theory of gravitation, but in addition the ancient Egyptians were thought to have held the secrets of alchemy that have since been lost,” Gabriel Heaton, Sotheby’s manuscript specialist, told The Observer.

“Today, these seem disparate areas of study – but they didn’t seem that way to Newton in the 17th century.”

Newton wasn’t the first to have these sorts of ideas, and he was also not the last. While such pyramidology has now drifted outside the bounds of serious science – depending on where you look on the internet, at least – once upon a time, it consumed the attention of one of the greatest minds on the planet.

“These notes are part of Newton’s astonishingly complex web of interlinking studies – natural philosophy, alchemy, theology – only parts of which he ever believed were appropriate for publication,” the auction listing explains.

“It is not surprising that he did not publish on alchemy, since secrecy was a widely-held tenet of alchemical research, and Newton’s theological beliefs, if made public, would have cost him (at least) his career.”

#Humans

#12-2020 Science News #2020 Science News #Earth Environment #earth science #Environment and Nature #Nature Science #News Science Spies #Our Nature #outrageous acts of science #planetary science #Science #Science Channel #science documentary #Science News #Science Spies #Science Spies News #Space Physics & Nature #Space Science #Humans

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didanawisgi · 5 years

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Venus & Freemasonry

Venus is the second of the four terrestrial planets, from the sun, and is, after the Sun and Moon, the brightest object in the sky, being fifteen times brighter than Sirius A, the most prominent star. We call the planet Venus the morning star when it appears in the east at sunrise, and the evening star when it appears in the west at sunset, although the ancients called it Hesperus in the evening and Phosphorous, or Lucifer, in the morning. Because of the distances of the respective orbits of Venus and the Earth from the Sun, Venus is never visible more than three hours before sunrise nor three hours after sunset, and it may also surprise you that Venus can be seen in broad daylight, provided you know where, and when, to look after reference to an almanac.

Galileo made the first telescopic observations of the planet in 1610. The discovery that Venus and Mercury exhibited phases like the Moon, convinced Galileo that the planets must revolve around the Sun and not the Earth. When viewed through a telescope, the planet Venus exhibits Moon-like phases, and a full Venus appears at its smallest when it is on the far side of the Sun at a distance of 257 million kilometres from us. Maximum brilliance is seen in the crescent phase when it is much closer to Earth at a distance of only 41.4 million kilometres.

Venus’s complete cloud cover and deep atmosphere make it difficult to study from the Earth, and most knowledge of the planet has been obtained through the use of space vehicles, particularly those that carried probes that descended through the atmosphere to the planetary surface. The Americans sent Mariner, Pioneer and Magellan missions to Venus and the Russians despatched Venera and Vega missions, the latter were primarily involved in investigating Halley’s Comet and the study of Venus was a secondary objective.

Some of those missions were flyby and others were orbiters but the most information was obtained from probes launched from the mother ship, that descended to the planetary surface and broadcast scientific data, albeit briefly. The Venera landers operated for about an hour, returning information, including photographs of the surface to the craft in orbit above, before being crushed by the huge atmospheric pressure of the planet. The orbiter relayed the data back to Earth where it was eagerly studied. The Magellan probe, launched in 1989 stayed in orbit and began transmitting radar images of the planet in 1990. They have been computer-processed to form spectacular three-dimensional views of the terrain which will probably never be seen by human eyes.

The surface temperature on Venus is highly uniform and is about 462 C, hot enough to melt lead; the surface pressure is 96 Earth atmospheres, making Venusian atmosphere on the surface, denser than water; the atmosphere consists almost wholly (97%) of carbon dioxide with only traces of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapour. The base of the cloud is approximately fifty km above the surface and the cloud particles are concentrated sulphuric acid. Beneath the cloud it’s light, but hazy. The sulphur content of the clouds is of volcanic origin and the sulphuric acid never reaches the surface as rain because it evaporates at the cloud base and can only remain in the atmosphere as cloud. The planet has no detectable magnetic field which was an unexpected find and is attributed to the slow rate of rotation or spin of the planet.

The chemistry of Earth and Venus are not that different it’s just that the CO2 on Earth is largely tied up in oceans and in limestone that does not exist on Venus. Many scientists argue that Venus, being closer to the Sun, was subjected to a so-called runaway greenhouse effect, which caused any existing oceans to evaporate into the atmosphere, where the water molecules broke down under ultra-violet radiation. The hydrogen atoms of the water molecules could have been lost to space and the oxygen atoms to the crust where they combined in rock-forming silicate minerals.

The reason for both Venus’s brightness and for the lack of knowledge is the same: the thick blanket of clouds that reflect 76% of the sunlight reaching it. Cloud patterns and weather features can be discerned as streaks in the cloud tops that give some information about wind motion, the upper-level winds circling the planet at 360 km/h. These winds cover the planet completely, blowing virtually at every latitude from equator to pole. Tracking the motion of descending probes has shown that, despite the scale of these high-speed upper-level winds, much more than half of Venus’s tremendously dense atmosphere, near the planets surface is almost stagnant. If the surface movement is virtually nil why should the upper level winds blow at 360 km/h?

Venus rotates very slowly on its axis, and the direction is retrograde (opposite to that of Earth and all other planets). Curiously the same side of Venus always faces the Earth when the two planets are closest. At such times, the side facing Earth can be viewed and mapped by Earth-based radio telescopes that “see” through the clouds.

What has been determined is that 85% of the surface is plains. Superimposed on those plains are small and large volcanoes and some impact craters. There are no small impact craters, i.e. less than 8km, probably because all small meteors burn up in the dense atmosphere. The highlands exhibit varying morphologies comprising; elevated plateau; folded mountain ranges, and shield volcanoes, among others.

The Earth’s closest neighbour in its journey around the Sun is Venus, just 41 million km away. The Earth is 150 million km from the Sun and Venus’s almost circular orbit is 109 million km from the Sun. There are many similarities between the two planets, so much so that Venus was called our twin planet in space and it was hypothesised that beneath the cloud cover was a tropical paradise awaiting the first visitor from Earth. We now know the truth to be vastly different with the horrendous heat, overwhelming pressure and highly acidic atmosphere. Despite Mercury being closer to the Sun, Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system. Rather than being a paradise, it is more like hell and colonization is a very remote possibility perhaps centuries away, if at all.

When scientists first measured the rotation rate of Venus using radar in the 1960’s, they expected a fairly fast rotation rate, similar to that of earth and Mars. What they found, was a rotation taking 243 days, longer than the planet’s year of 225 days, and in the wrong direction, i.e. from East to West or, a retrograde motion.

The main work of the Russian probes has been to analyse the rocks around their landing sites, and to collect samples for internal analysis, in addition, the Soviet spacecraft were equipped with cameras to photograph the landscape. A few colour photos and many black and white have been taken and I can show you in the South.

Against the background of the Zodiac, Venus completes a five pointed star shape every eight years and returns to its exact starting place after five cycles, or forty years. Every eight years it marks a point in time when the solar calendar, the lunar calendar and the sidereal calendar all coincide within two minutes. After five cycles, i.e. forty years that time is synchronised to within fractions of a second, providing a calendar and a clock that was used to set the time of day until the 1950’s when even more-accurate atomic clocks were developed. Put simply, Venus is the metronome of our world. Understand this and such other vital functions as the seasons and the tides, and you master your environment both in terms of farming and seamanship, ensuring that you will eat and trade efficiently. This was of great importance to early civilizations and well repaid the centuries of observation necessary to learn this.

Megalithic observatories were created at Newgrange in Ireland some 5,500 years ago to accurately measure the Venus cycle and mark the Winter solstice. This was an important measurement tool for these ancient astronomers because when viewed from Earth, Venus was the most accurate indicator of the time of year, in the solar system.

The study of Phoenician gods revealed three goddesses to be different aspects of the planet Venus. A similar trilogy exists in the Norse pantheon, but with different names. It is believed that the Phoenicians, or Canaanites carried their beliefs with them when working on the Temple for Solomon and may have affected its ultimate design. The family of William St. Clair of Roslyn fame, hereditary Grand Masters in early Scottish Masonry include both Jewish and Norse ancestors, so it is possible that Venus became involved in early Masonic ceremonies via Scottish Freemasonry.

It is said that the first known name for the city of Jerusalem was Urushalim, “Uru’ founded by “Shalem”, the name of the Canaanite god of Venus in its evening setting, but Solomon’s Temple was facing in the opposite direction, towards Venus rising in its role as morning star. We can be certain that King Solomon’s Temple was built by Canaanites who were known to worship Venus, also we can understand that Solomon had no tradition of his own to give him the knowledge of how to build a temple that was properly constructed to interface with the heavens. However it is perplexing that these Venus worshipping Phoenicians were allowed to build the house of God.

Biblical scholars have noted from passages such as I Kings 11.5 that Venus was worshipped by Solomon in her special form as the deity of the Phoenicians and he fell out of favour with God. The official worship of Venus as Astarte, the Queen of Heaven continued in the Kingdom of Judah until circa 600 BCE.

Moses created Princes of the Tabernacle and the initiations took place when the Pentagram, or blazing star was to be seen in the east. A blazing star that is referred to as a Pentagram can only be a reference to Venus which had long been associated with the pentagram because of the planet’s apparent movement around the sun when observed from Earth. It is suggested that when the Romans destroyed Jerusalem and the Temple in year 70 of the Christian Era, a number of the Princes of the Tabernacle managed to escape to locations across Europe. It was from these families that the men came, who went on to found the Knights Templar.

The modern Masonic Temple is designed along the same astronomical lines as the Temple at Jerusalem, with the free standing pillars of B and J marking the extremities of the rising sun at the summer solstice in the North, and the winter solstice in the South. On the equinoxes the sun rose between the two pillars in a position due East and on certain dates the planet Venus rose as a bright star ahead of the sun to shine brightly through the dormer into the holy of holies.

The layout of every Masonic Temple is said to be a model of Solomon’s Temple, and today every Master Mason is raised from his temporary death by the pre-dawn light of the rising Venus at a symbolic equinox. The rising of Venus was central to Canaanite theology and was associated with resurrection, as it is in Freemasonry in our third degree.

When the candidate is raised from his tomb his head rises in a curve towards the East to meet Venus which is also rising above the horizon. The East-West line marks the equinox, the point of equilibrium between the two solstices, when there are twelve hours of light and twelve of darkness. It appears that some rituals of Craft Masonry are based upon astronomy and have a heritage well over five thousand years old. The W.M. directs the candidates gaze towards the East where he can see a five-pointed ‘star’ rising before the sun at dawn. The planet Venus as she moves around the sky touches the path of the sun in just five places, just like the W.M. embracing the candidate at just five points, when he is raised.

Cyclical appearances of the planet Venus, in a pre-dawn rising against a particular part of the sky were clearly of great importance in the early period of Jewish Kings as the Bible tells us. Saul, David and Solomon, all ruled for forty years, a full Venusian cycle. It seems that Freemasonic ritual aligns with the astral cultic practices of the royal lineage of Jerusalem, the city of Venus.

The authors Knight and Lomas are Freemasons and conclude that after 14 years of research and four books culminating in The Book of Hiram, they have found the missing link between Judaism and Christianity on the one hand and the secret Masonic tradition on the other. Freemasonry is a major untapped source of information about our past that is in danger of being lost, forever because of lack of knowledge of the rituals. To lose the information buried within in its rituals, before it is properly understood would be throwing away one of the true treasures of the western world. There seems to have been a hidden astral agenda, in mainstream Judaism and Christianity, that has survived in the Masonic tradition and been reinforced by Norse beliefs in the power of the Bright Morning Star we call Venus.

The picture that has been revealed is that some of the rituals of Craft Masonry have been based on astronomy and have a heritage that is over 5,000 years old. They found a chain of belief that has survived being passed through several different cultures to end up in modern Masonic Temples, where it is now faithfully recited without a proper understanding from whence it came, nor what it represents.

WM and brethren it is up to us to try and understand the rituals, which, have been so much a part of our Masonic lives. We should endeavour to look behind the words in future to form greater understanding of those rituals, and I hope that this talk tonight will in some way inspire you to do the same. I have based much of the latter part of this talk on The Hiram Key and can only include a fraction of the findings contained therein. I would hope that you keep an open mind on the subject and read it for your own satisfaction, and you can decide if it is fascinating, or controversial. Incidentally the book is available at our Library for borrowing by interested brethren.

VW Bro Robert Taylor

THE NAMES FOR VENUS IN VARIOUS TRADITIONS

Anat Hebrew

Asherah Canaanite

Asherat Canaanite

Ashtar Canaanite

Ashtoreth Phoenician

Astart Hebrew

Astarte Canaanite

Baalat Phoenician

Baalat-Gebal Phoenician

Bright Star of the Morning Masonic

Freyja Norse

Frigg Norse

Hamaliel Masonic

Hathor Egyptian

Hesperus Greek

Inanna Sumerian

Ishtar Sumerian

Lucifer Old English

Matrona Hebrew

Morning Star Masonic

Nut Egyptian

Phosphorous Greek

Salem Canaanite

Sekhmet Egyptian

Shachar Canaanite

Shalem Canaanite

Uatchet Egyptian

COMPARATIVE DATA OF VENUS AND EARTH

Venus Earth

Equatorial distance in kilometres 12,104 12,756

Sidereal period of axial rotation 243.16 days 23H 56M 4S

Inclination to orbit 178 deg 23 deg 27 min

Density in kgm per cubic metre 5,250 5,517

Comparative mass 0.815 1.000

Surface gravity 0.903 1.000

Escape velocity in km per second 10.36 11.20

Albedo or reflectivity of light 0.76 0.36

Average distance to the Sun in mill km 109 150

Average distance to the Sun in A.U. 0.72333 1.00

Length of year in Earth days 225 365

Notes A.U. = astronomical unit, the average distance from Earth to Sun.

Sidereal time = time based upon Earth’s rotation relative to Sun. Sidereal day = one Earth revolution on its axis relative to Sun.

Sidereal hour = one twenty fourth of a sidereal day.

#Venus #sacred astronomy #Sacred feminine #sacred marriage #sacred geometry #Lost Keys of Freemasonry #lodge handouts #phi #golden mean #golden ratio #pentagram #pentalpha #solstice #equinox

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goodvibesatpeace · 5 years

Text

Theories: Darwinism and Our Extraterrestrial DNA

If you fancy a bit of light reading 😀

The mysteries of ancient history, such as how the great pyramid was built and by whom and why, have been well established over the past four decades. Similar archaeological enigmas litter the landscape around the planet and they raise many difficult questions about the origin of human civilisation.

Erik Von Daniken’s series of books, which began with Chariots of the Gods, presented archeological evidence while recounting many mythological traditions that have “gods” arriving on Earth from a distant world and bringing technology and the arts of civilised life to primitive human tribes.

Many writers followed Von Daniken’s lead and an entire school of alternative historical thought called the “ancient astronaut” theory emerged over the years. This school must be distinguished from another branch largely defined by such writers as Graham Hancock, which we can sum up as the “lost civilisation” school.

The latter does not figure into this discussion nor is it covered in the book The Genesis Race because it never really addresses the issue of the ultimate origins of Man or civilisation. Even if you accept the idea ancient Egypt and Sumer had their origins in Atlantis, who created that civilisation and from what precursors?

The essential questions the author has been studying over the past three decades are:

1) how did life originate and evolve on Earth?, and

2) how did civilisation suddenly emerge from mankind’s primitive roots?

To my mind it seemed the ancient astronaut theory could be defeated if Darwin’s theory proved to be correct, which “official science” claims it has been. That premise can be justified using several valid arguments.

The “ancient astronaut” theory generally includes the idea summed up in the first chapter of Genesis, which indicates the “gods” genetically engineered a proto-human race. The actual verse reads, “Let us make man in our image.” If Darwinism is accurate then this assertion would be untrue and the notion of cosmic intervention by an advanced race would fall apart.

The second reason is Darwin’s theory has not only been applied to biology, it is also used to explain the emergence and development of human civilisation by a process referred to as cultural evolution.

At its core Darwinism is based on a simple concept: life evolves slowly via a process of incremental adaptations to a wide variety of external stimulus. He applied it to biology and anthropologists, archaeologists and historians applied the same principles to culture and human history. If this is correct then we should not find any abrupt transformations in human “evolution” either biological or historical.

I reason that if Darwinism is accurate then there may not be any valid scientific basis for the “ancient astronaut” theory, which posited intervention and rapid-fire metamorphosis in both the biological and historical spheres. The results of this research proved surprising.

Darwinism is not only unproven – it has been shown by scientists to be fatally flawed.

This is where the book, The Genesis Race, begins…

Chapters two and three clearly show the flaws in the theory of evolution. It has failed exactly where Darwin feared it might – in the fossil record. Here we find – instead of widespread confirmation – a large number of missing links.

The general public is given to believe the only “missing link” in the fossil record exists between apes and man. This is not true. The fossil record contains hundreds of gaps between ancient and modern plant and animal species.

Darwin referred to the gap separating the primitive non-flowering plants (gymnosperms) and flowering plants (angiosperms) as the “abominable problem.” Why? Because the gymnosperms, like ferns, existed for billions of years and they still exist today.

The angiosperms, like roses, appeared on the scene about 150 million years ago and they exist today. Where is the evidence showing the fern evolved through a series of slow, incremental changes into a rose?

According to Darwinism the angiosperms evolved from the gymnosperms. If this is true then where are the intermediate forms linking the two very different types of plants? They have not been found in the fossil record and none exist today. This seems impossible and it is if you accept the principles of Darwinism.

There is no scientific explanation for the lack of intermediate plants linking the ancient and modern types. In fact, there should be millions of such fossils since they would have been evolving for hundreds of millions of years, far longer than flowering plants.

Scientists also have no explanation why gymnosperms and angiosperms exist side by side. Somehow all the intermediate plants they say connect the two kingdoms mysteriously vanished from the fossil record and became extinct. Logic would dictate that the older, ancient plants (non-flowering) should have been the ones to go the way of extinction.

This is actually enough evidence to kill Darwinism. Official science would have us believe the only dissenters against Darwinism are Creationists that come from the ranks of the Religious Right.

However, I present numerous references to bona fide scientists that slam the door on Darwin’s theory of natural evolution.

What is, or should be, of great interest to anyone interested in the pursuit of science – as it applies to getting to the truth of human origins and the emergence of civilisation – are the works of Francis Crick and Fred Hoyle.

While Von Daniken’s books were becoming popular in mainstream culture, these two eminent scientists wrote books about the origins of life on Earth. Both were highly critical of Darwinism and posited that life did not originate on Earth. They said the seeds of the biosphere originated in the cosmos.

In his book Life Itself, Crick – a Nobel prize-winner and the co-founder of the shape of the DNA molecule – claimed an advanced civilisation transported the seeds of life to Earth in a spacecraft.

Hoyle, an astronomer who gave the world the steady state theory of the Universe, proposed that life came from the stars borne on comets or riding on the currents of light waves.

The unfortunate thing is these rigorous scientific arguments were largely dismissed or completely ignored by “official science”, and also overlooked by the same folks embracing Von Daniken’s relatively unscientific, yet popular approach. (Erik did make people question and think.)

I want to clarify what I mean by that statement. Von Daniken claimed he was presenting a theory yet the title of his first book ended with a question mark.

A new theory is normally offered by presenting arguments against the currently accepted theory, as Crick and Hoyle did, and it is presented assertively with equal measures of humility and confidence that do not end in a question mark.

His somewhat insecure and uncritical approach has characterised much of the “ancient astronaut” literature, which official science finds easy to debunk.

That is why The Genesis Race begins with a serious critique of Darwinism. That is followed by several chapters re-examining the account of human genesis and the early history found in the Bible. A revolutionary analysis of the first three chapters clearly shows there were two creation events of life (and mankind) on Earth.

It also shows the history given in the Bible agrees with the findings of paleontology and anthropology. In the first chapter we find that an early proto-human race was created and lived in the wilderness, like other animals, as hunter-gatherers. They were given “every green thing to eat” by the gods and Genesis 1 ends with that covenant.

However, in the second chapter we are told Adam is created to be a gardener and Eve is taken from Adam’s rib and the “gods” give them clothing and self-awareness. The chronological account of Creation in the second chapter is entirely different than that of the first chapter of Genesis.

This is a critical point. Not only do the two accounts differ completely, we find Adam is not to live in the wilderness as an animal but is intended to be a caretaker and farmer. If the two accounts are compared side by side the difference is obvious:

Adam and Eve are not equivalent to the race created in Genesis 1; and Genesis 2 and 3 are not a detailed elucidation of the events described in the first chapter, which is normally implied or taught in church Bible classes.

What the first three chapters of Genesis actually describe are:

1) the creation of a proto-human race, the pre-Neanderthals and Neanderthals who live as hunter-gatherers in an innocent state as described in chapter 1, followed by,

2) the genesis of modern Homosapiens (Adam) fit for the agricultural revolution.

That is exactly the history given in Genesis and it agrees with everything modern science establishes about the chronology of human pre-history.

This is a radical revision giving much stronger support to the Biblical version of human genesis and how and why the agricultural revolution took place.

It also clarifies who the “us” refers to when God is abruptly referred to as ‘a plurality’ that intervenes and genetically alters life on Earth, the Genesis Race; and it sets the stage for a presentation of the enigmatic archaeological and additional evidence that further supports the theory of intervention by a technologically advanced extraterrestrial race.

Archaeology has never even addressed all the questions raised by the sudden emergence of agriculture and highly advanced civilisations in Mesopotamia and Egypt in the 3rd millennium BCE, let alone answered the most critical ones.

From the perspective of conventional archeological and anthropological thinking, the origins of humankind and the emergence of civilisation from the Stone Age remain enigmatic. We have incontrovertible proof our ancestors could not have built the Great Pyramid with the tools and methods they possessed.

Yet official science simply ignores or tries to explain away many serious questions and issues such as how the Great Pyramid – the world’s largest precision-engineered stone structure – was constructed using only hammer-stones, ropes, manpower and sledges.

However, there are other issues that need to be addressed and today’s genetic research is shedding new light on this field. The implications of several important recent findings seem to have escaped the attention of many independent investigators.

Established archaeologists and anthropologists have either ignored or railed against the findings of these controversial DNA studies. I am referring to genetic studies into the origin of the domesticated dog and into the diet of our Paleolithic and early Neolithic ancestors.

You may ask what do the dog and Stone Age dietary habits have to do with solving the enigmas of mankind’s ancient past? The answer is everything.

Until recently it was believed dogs (Canis familiaris) came from a variety of wild canines such as wolves, coyotes, dingos, jackals, etc. But the latest DNA research shows that the wolf alone is the ancestral race of all dogs.

This poses a set of very difficult problems. The first dog would have been a mutant wolf. However, wolves are extremely sensitive to the genetic fitness and strength of each member of the pack. They are constantly testing and establishing a stringent social pecking order and only the alphas reproduce.

So how would a mutant ever have survived and reproduced given the rigours of pack behaviour? No wolves in captivity have produced viable mutants and geneticists tell us mutants are normally unfit and do not survive.

We are faced with a real conundrum. If we pose that early human tribes intervened and bred wolves into dogs we are faced with an equally impossible scenario. How could primitive humans have known it was possible to selectively breed a wild animal into one possessing only those traits beneficial to them?

We take the characteristics of dogs for granted, however, they present us with a profound mystery. A dog is the embodiment of only those wolf traits that people find useful, attractive and safe. How did genetically illiterate Stone Age humans achieve this feat of genetic engineering?

This problem is compounded when we are confronted by evidence from our earliest civilisations showing that salukis, sighthounds and the pharaoh’s hound, had already been bred in ancient Sumeria and Egypt.

How is it possible our ancestors, recently emerged from the Stone Age, could have successfully engineered purebred lines at the onset of civilisation? In addition, dogs are not only temperamentally different than their wild progenitors, they differ physiologically as well.

A wild alpha male and female only breed once a year, whereas dogs can breed any time. Wolves shed their winter coats, dogs do not. These diverging physiological characteristics take time to develop, in fact, many generations. Again, how did our ancestors at the onset of civilisation accomplish this?

This mystery is underscored by the fact most of the modern dog breeds originated thousands of years ago. Science has not even addressed most of these issues let alone have the experts satisfactorily explained how wolves became dogs – 100,000 years ago – nor have they shown the step-by-step transitions.

Purebred dogs just suddenly appear in the archeological record as if by magic. This is also true of agriculture and our key cereal and legume crops. Wheat, corn, beans and rice pose a second set of genetic enigmas.

Research into the dietary habits of Stone Age tribes around the globe show our ancient hunter-gatherer ancestors subsisted on leafy plants and lean muscle meats. This makes perfect sense because these foods were readily available, took little or no processing, and wild game could be cooked over an open fire.

The problem with our grain crops, and they are the basis of civilisation, is wild grass seeds are so miniscule the cost/benefit of harvesting them was not in favour of it. They also require harvesting, threshing and cooking technology since they have to be boiled extensively. This was technology Stone Age Man lacked.

The reason grains have to be cooked is that the human gut is not adapted to digest wild grains. This makes it very clear the use of wild grass seeds as a primary food source is of recent origin. Our Paleolithic ancestors did not subsist on them.

Once again, this poses a set of formidable problems that need to be studied rigorously. If our ancestors did not harvest and eat wild grains, how could they have domesticated and bred the wild species so quickly?

Without many generations of trial and error experimentation – culminating in a vast body of agronomic knowledge and agricultural practices that would have included genetics and breeding – it is all but impossible to understand how the agricultural revolution was brought about.

Official science tries to explain the evolution of nomadic hunter-gatherers into sedentary, crop-growing farmers by claiming they discovered crops quite by accident. We are told it happened when a primitive villager tossed a seed bearing plant into the trash pile and noticed that it sprouted.

But that trite tale can hardly explain how they selected the best wild species to use as the basis for the agricultural revolution. There are thousands and thousands of potential wild plants that could be turned into agricultural crops.

How is it people with very little experience with wild grasses were able to pick the best varieties to breed? This represents a quantum leap. What we are asked to believe is that our ancestors, without much experience at the seminal stage of civilisation, were able to select and breed the very best varieties of wild grass species.

How do we know this is true? Because we still grow the very crops they supposedly selected even after 5,000 years of continuous technological and agricultural development.

We are asked to suspend disbelief and accept they also constructed the largest precision-engineered stone building the world has ever seen – the Great Pyramid of Giza – using only primitive hand tools and backbreaking labor. Something is obviously wrong with this picture.

Is it logical to assume our Earthly ancestors could (or would) have thrown together the agricultural revolution and then the entire civilisations of Sumer and Egypt out of whole cloth? No it is not; and neither do these suppositions represent sound science.

For those of us in the alternative history camp, one of the most fundamental questions we must impress upon the public and upon ‘official science’ is to ask where are the antecedents and precedents?

Show us the slow Darwinian stages of development that official history presupposes. How can you explain the sudden appearance of genetically altered food crops and advanced engineering techniques at the onset of human civilisation?

We need step-by-step documentation and incontrovertible evidence and it ought to be copious and devoid of missing links since we are supposedly talking about events that occurred thousands and not tens or hundreds of millions of years ago, as is the case with biological evolution.

Where did our Paleolithic ancestors acquire the knowledge and skills to breed wild plants into food crops while also constructing planned cities? How did they achieve an exacting command of the principles of civil engineering as exhibited in Sumeria and the Harrappan civilisation of the Indus Valley?

How did humans go from mud huts and collecting leafy plants to building ziggurats, flush toilets, public bathhouses (Mohenjo Daro), making bread in ovens, and inventing process metallurgy seemingly overnight? In plain language, where is the proof – the missing links – demonstrating your (official science) theories are confirmed in the archaeological record and meet simple standards of logic and commonsense?

Turning to what our ancestors in Sumer, Mexico, Egypt and Peru have to say about the origins of agriculture and civilisation we find a very different story. According to the ancient records, written and oral traditions, none of the earliest civilisations claimed they invented it. What is of profound interest is they are in unanimous accord in claiming they were given the arts of civilisation by the ‘gods’.

It is very unlike human nature to give credit to anyone else for anything we have invented or achieved. The ancient Egyptians left copious records of every aspect of their culture in a huge collection of artwork, hieroglyphics and texts.

Yet, we find no reference in their 3,000 year history as to how or why ‘they’ built the pyramids. What a curious lapse of documentation for such a communicative race assuming they did indeed built the pyramids. Would they have omitted any reference to their most important monuments?

That seems a preposterous supposition and yet Egyptologists gloss over it as they do the lack of mummies in the alleged ‘pyramids-as-tombs’ scenario they embrace without blushing.

These are all clues, pieces of a vast planetary puzzle, telling the story of the Genesis Race. The references to these ‘gods’ that arrived on Earth to uplift man are described in the Bible and other ancient texts and traditions. Their megalithic calling cards are found in Egypt, Mexico, Peru and China.

The Darwinian-based theories of ‘official science’, concerning the origin of Man and human civilisation, lead to a series of intellectual dead ends.

If we closely examine the record we find civilisation was founded upon five primary inventions:

1) Agriculture,

2) Urbanisation,

3) Writing,

4) The Wheel, and

5) Process metallurgy.

Now, what happens when we try to uncover the origins of these key inventions in the archaeological and historical record? We find anthropologists and historians positing that agriculture was probably discovered by accident when our primitive ancestors tossed plants into the garbage heap and noticed the seeds produced new plants.

Of course that does not explain what motivated them to plant and harvest wild grass seeds (they almost never ate) and how they learned to selectively breed and domesticate (alter) these plants genetically.

Well, they brush aside these queries with the same logic. This, too, was probably a serendipitous process that moved forward by a series of benign and happy coincidences. We are given to imagine the first domesticated animal, an example of perfect selective breeding, also took place when Paleolithic tribesman – via unknown techniques – domesticated a line of mutant wolves.

Then we learn that process metallurgy, too, was the result of an accident, when someone dropped a piece of malachite into a campfire and observantly noticed that as it melted it produced copper.

In short, the fundamental paradigm ‘official science’ has formulated on how human life originated and how we created civilisation rests on a series of ‘miraculous’ accidents and impossible knowledge and skills!

Egyptologists would have us believe the primitive tribes living along the Nile in oval huts who used mud-bricks to build mastabas for millennia were suddenly capable of advanced quarry operations, stonemasonry, architecture and corporate engineering.

Of course, they cannot explain how these primitive peoples built a massive, precision-engineered pyramid using only round hammerstones, wooden sledges and human labor.

The Egyptian’s could not have built it, did not build it, and never claimed they were the pyramid’s creators

It is simply not possible to quarry, lift, drag and transport 70-ton blocks of granite 500 miles from the Aswan quarry to Giza and up 150 vertical feet and precisely position them in the King’s Chamber as Egyptologists claim was done.

I have repeatedly challenged Egyptologists, and their irrational, unscientific fellow travelers to demonstrate how the blocks of granite in the King’s Chamber can be quarried and lifted out of the quarry-bed and transported using the primitive tools and methods they claim were used. It cannot be done!

Furthermore, this author claims he can show that any academics – mathematicians, anthropologists and/or engineering professors – who believe and teach these absurdities to students are lunatics running the asylums – our scientific institutions and universities.

This is certainly a serious, bold indictment and yet it must be made because it is true and it is high time to expose the intellectual chicanery and fraud perpetrated upon generations.

I am not making these claims to create a controversy but to resolve a long-standing debate that has profound ramifications since it involves eliminating falsehoods and getting to the historical facts.

How can I make such strong accusations with complete confidence?

First, the author has studied the engineering problems intensively and extensively comparing the building of modern-day monuments using state-of-the-art technology to the construction of the Great Pyramid using primitive tools and methods.

Second, I have examined the recent record of tests conducted by Egyptologists and others trying to prove they could quarry, move and lift blocks of stone using nothing but ancient tools and techniques. Both studies yielded the same results: the Great Pyramid could not have been built with hammerstones, sledges and ramps.

One test filmed by Nova was organised by Egyptologist Mark Lehner and involved leading experts in a variety of fields. The team set out to quarry, move and lift a 35-ton obelisk into place. They failed miserably at every step.

The master stonemason could not quarry the block using the primitive tools he was given. A Cat was called in to quarry the block and lift it onto a flatbed truck; sensing defeat they never even tried to transport it using a wooden sledge. The block was half the weight of one those used in the King’s Chamber.

A Nissan funded Japanese team conducted another serious test in 1978. They set out to build a small-scale duplicate of the Great Pyramid also using the primitive tools and techniques Egyptologists claim the ancients employed.

This group was confident they could demonstrate how it was done. However, when they tried to quarry the blocks they found the hammerstones were not equal to the task. They called in pneumatic jackhammers. When they tried to ferry the blocks across the river on a primitive barge, they sank. They called in a modern tugboat for help.

Then they loaded a block onto a sledge only to find that it stubbornly sank into the sand when they tried to drag it to the site. They called for trucks and loaders. The final coup d’grace was delivered when they were forced to call in helicopters to lift and position the blocks into place.

Even using modern technology the Japanese team found, to their utter embarrassment, they could not bring the apex of their tiny 60 feet tall replica together. They suffered a bitter and quite humbling defeat in the unforgiving Egyptian desert. Their replica of the Great Pyramid turned out to be a joke.

We are supposed to believe men using tools marginally better than Stone Age equipment, quarried, lifted and hauled millions of blocks of stone to form a precision-engineered 4-million ton tomb. Stuff of nonsense!

The conventional scenario is not just an absurd proposition that can only be maintained using intellectual smoke and mirrors, it is downright silly. The real question is, how could anyone with any commonsense have ever believed it?

There are, of course, many other problems with the primitive tools and methods scenario and the Great Pyramid. To begin with Mark Lehner commissioned an engineering firm to study the site.

They found that the 13-acre base had been leveled with an accuracy equal to that achieved by modern day lasers. Are we to believe a 13-acre limestone bench was planed with that degree of precision using rounded hammerstones to grind down the rock until it was almost perfectly flat?

Furthermore, the Descending Passage was actually the next phase of this massive construction project. It too had to be dug out of solid bedrock. The problems with this phase of the project are manifold.

The passageway was only about 3 by 4 feet, just large enough to accommodate one worker at a time. It was dug 150 feet underground maintaining a precise angle of 26 degrees and a negligible deviation from side to side and bottom to top throughout its length. Then it was opened up into several rooms and another passageway. How?

Why would the ancients dig a straight tunnel under a 4-million ton tomb and how was the passageway kept straight and true? Egyptian ‘engineers’ had no more than ropes in their toolkits.

The author can also prove these two phases alone – leveling the base and digging the Descending Passageway – would have required half the time Egyptologists have allotted to the entire construction project. They, in fact, never even include these two phases in their calculations.

But we have other important fish to fry. During decades of research the author noted some curious similarities between Sumer, Egypt and the Indus Valley – the sites of our earliest civilisations – that do not add up. As we all know now, the ruins of Sumer are located in modern day Iraq.

Our history and anthropology books routinely tell us that agriculture and civilisation were given birth in benign and highly fertile river valleys. But when we stop and closely examine these locations we find they are some of the hottest, driest and most inhospitable places on the planet.

The temperatures in these locations for 6 months out of the year are typically between 35-48 degrees Celsius (95-118ºF). It is true the alluvial flood plains of the Nile, Tigris-Euphrates and ancient Indus rivers were fertile.

But it takes considerable agronomic and hydrological knowledge to know this and to convert the marshes and control the floods to turn these wetlands into productive farmland. The question is how did our ancient ancestors, so recently emerged from the hunter-gatherer way of life, so quickly acquire this knowledge and develop these skills?

When we peer out from the ziggurats of ancient Sumer, the sandblasted pyramids of Egypt or the ruined cities of the Indus Valley, we do not see fruited-plains but vast, blistering, desert expanses.

Is it not difficult to envision our primitive ancestors rolling out their blueprints for civilisation while squinting into the sun and deciding this is where the first cities and great monuments would be built and the first real cropland cultivated?

The scenario jars the mind and makes hash out of the comfortable fantasies painted by ‘official science’. Is something starting to smelly funny or is the author’s nose just too sensitive?

I do seem to detect the subtle aroma of too many skeletons and enigmas – having been shoved hurriedly into too many closets and musty catacombs – wafting up from ancient stones and bones…

We have to examine several other items that do not pass the smell test. Sumer, Egypt and the Indus Valley share some other critical features in common which make them unlikely places for primitive peoples to have developed our first civilisations.

We should expect to find civilisations evolving where people had immediate access to a wide variety of resources. The most logical scenario would be in river valleys near forested, mineral rich mountains.

This is a logical expectation since people needed water, fuel (wood) for fires, tool handles and building materials as well as copper, gold and silver to make jewellery and tools and so on.

We would expect to find this association not just to establish they had immediate access to these necessary resources, but also that they had been engaged in a prolonged period of extracting, processing and working with these resources.

Unfortunately, Sumer, the birthplace of civilisation, was completely lacking in forests, minerals and even stones. This is a curious, illogical fact. How did this strange tribe, speaking an odd tongue and calling themselves ‘the black-headed people’, invent civilisation in the middle of a barren desert wasteland?

Egypt was also bereft of forests, as was the Indus Valley. The point is not that civilisation was or is impossible in these areas, but that it is supposed to have originated in these harsh, desert environs lacking many basic resources.

Yet we find the Sumerians ingeniously mining copper and tin and creating the first alloy, bronze, in kilns around 3000 BCE. In rapid-fire succession they invented the wheel, the chariot, the sailboat, writing, cities, labor specialisation, civil engineering and on and on. Ostensibly, the tribes of the Indus Valley and the Nile would soon follow.

They did all this while most of the world’s tribes were still living as hunter-gatherers, another fact that demolishes the theories of cultural Darwinists. You cannot explain the radical departure from the human norm by several tribes without invoking some form of racism or inexplicable genetic deviations.

The other curious features we find in common among Earth’s ‘first’ civilisations are that none of them claimed they invented agriculture, laws, morality or the other prime tools of civilisation.

The Sumerians claimed they owed everything to the ‘gods’ (Anunnaki) that had descended from the heavens to Earth to create and teach mankind the arts of civilised life. The ancient Egyptians referred to the Nefertu who ruled over them during the Zep Tepi (First Time) for thousands of years until they handed over the reigns to the human pharaohs.

Our real human history as handed down by our ancestors is far more exciting and incredible than the pabulum ‘official’ science has been force feeding us for many generations.

Mankind is indeed on the threshold of a re-awakening to a new dawn; the time of profound revelations about the truth of our astonishing origins and history is at hand.

Be Open Minded and Question Everything... Love and Light to all 💓💓💓💓

#theory #conspiracy #dna #darwinism #et #archaeology #anthropology #astronomy

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walkthroughtheword · 3 years

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Reading for July 24th Joshua 10 No sooner did Gibeon cut a covenant with Israel, they cashed in. Five Amorite city-states formed a federation to attack Gibeon and Gibeon called on Joshua to come to their defense. The suzerain came to the defense of the vassal. And as evidenced by meteorological and astronomical events, YHWH was in on it as well. YHWH sent hailstones followed by extending the daylight hours to allow the momentum of the Israeli armies to have full effect. Joshua prevailed, totally destroying the Amorite armies. Then they sacked Makkedah, Libnah, Lachish, Gezer, Eglon, Hebron, and Debir--the whole region from Kadesh Barnea to Gaza, from Goshen to Gibeon. Each time, overwhelming victory. Complete destruction. No survivors. Whew! As I reflect on this, I feel a bit uneasy. On its face, the destruction of these city-states seems genocidal and antithetical to Christian ideals. I have had some difficulty reconciling these accounts (and others in the Old Testament) with my “heart image” of God. If God is the “same yesterday, today and forever,” where does this sort of historical account leave us? I could pull the “that is what it says” card and move on believing some day I would have more insight, but I’d like have better understanding now--not just for me, but also for non-believers who use these accounts to reject God, saying they could never serve a God capable of these “atrocities.” So, how are we to proceed? We can either accept the scriptures as truth, reject them as fantasy or shelf them for future consideration. My default is to accept them as truth but to do so with humility knowing my grasp is limited by my viewing scripture through the lens of a 21st-century Westerner. Even though God intends for the Bible to benefit us, it is important we realize the Bible was not written to us. These biblical accounts were written by ancient Near East authors to ancient Near East readers and hearers. As such, much of the historical, cultural and linguistic context organic to the original hearers and readers is lost on modern readers. All communication is contextual. The actual words we say are but a small part of the full communique. The words are communicated within a context of experience, language and culture that was assumed by the original writer. Imagine Joshua reading about smartphones, space travel tourism and controversies about global warming. Much would be lost to him because he lacked the experiential frame of reference necessary to grasp it. He might “understand” the individual words properly translated but miss the larger points because he lacked context. So when I read passages that seem to conflict or seem improbable, my default is to reaffirm my belief in the inerrancy of Scripture but acknowledge I may not be grasping the full contextual meaning. So with these caveats, I read Joshua. And what of it? Well, sometimes I feel as if I am gleaning context through a keyhole, only seeing glimpses of what is true and contextually correct, But nevertheless, when considering context, a few things come to light. Firstly, it is important to place Joshua squarely ca 1400 BCE in the Near East. He and his armies were not modern. They are people of their time, not ours and this is how armies fought back then. They didn’t have the Geneva Convention. It is also important to grasp the concept of “herem” which is referenced several times in Joshua 10 as “totally destroyed” or similar. “Herem” is translated as “totally destroyed,” “set aside” (for YHWH), “placed under the ban” in our modern Bibles. “Herem '' simply means “to remove from human use” and in the case of the Canaanite city-states, they were attacked and totally removed (killed not enslaved) because they occupied land promised to Abraham’s descendants and not because they were evil. They were in the way and in the wrong place at the wrong time. Had this been a vendetta against evil, Gibeon would not have escaped herem and Egypt, Assyria and Babylonia would’ve been in YHWH’s crosshairs as well. And still yet, I acknowledge my ongoing limitations born of culture, language, time and place and pray for better understanding and a more accurate exegesis as I go. God’s word is true--that’s a fact. But my understanding of that truth is fallible but improving. Important to remember that. Isn’t God’s word exciting and interesting?

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debra2007-blog · 3 years

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THIS DAY IN HISTORY May 24, 1543 Astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus dies On May 24, 1543, Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus dies in what is now Frombork, Poland. The father of modern astronomy, he was the first modern European scientist to propose that Earth and other planets revolve around the sun.

Prior to the publication of his major astronomical work, “Six Books Concerning the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs,” in 1543, European astronomers argued that Earth lay at the center of the universe, the view also held by most ancient philosophers and biblical writers. In addition to correctly postulating the order of the known planets, including Earth, from the sun, and estimating their orbital periods relatively accurately, Copernicus argued that Earth turned daily on its axis and that gradual shifts of this axis accounted for the changing seasons.

He died the year his major work was published, saving him from the outrage of some religious leaders who later condemned his heliocentric view of the universe as heresy. By the late 18th century, the Copernican view of the solar system was almost universally accepted.

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yveswithleaves · 9 months

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Biblically Accurate Astronomers (pt. 2). Boyle is a pompous piece of shit but he does like Galileo (he’d never admit that though).

See pt. 1

#biblically accurate astronomers #illustration #digital art #character art #oc art #object head

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worldhistorysincethe15thcentury · 7 years

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Unit One Activity Nine

How was Aristotle accepted as an authority? Aristotle’s new ideas on the cause of earthquakes were accepted by most people as fact, except for the parts of his writings that contradicted biblical teachings. All the Christian authors of Aristotle’s time wrote that God was the first supernatural cause of earthquakes, and the natural causes presented by Aristotle were considered to be the secondary causes. Aristotle’s authority was so strong that people refused to even base their beliefs on empirical facts, and chose instead to solely comment on the opinions of Aristotle. Aristotle was accepted so readily as an authority because people chose not to investigate further than observations that they were able to make using their own eyes.

How was Galen accepted as an authority? Galen, who was considered the greatest physician of the Roman Empire, spent most of his time further developing the theory and practice of medicine. His many medical accomplishments were documented in his writings, which were referred to by physicians for hundreds of years after his death. Galen developed many powerful medicines such as the poison antidote called Theriac which was used well into the 19th century. He was also one of the first physicians to study the human pulse. He was accepted as an authority because his medical developments greatly improved healthcare during his time and for years after. Medical authorities generally seemed to agree that Galen had figured everything out, and there was no reason to investigate medicine any further.

How was Ptolemy accepted as an authority? Ptolemy was an astronomer, mathematician, and geographer. He created the Ptolemaic system, which said that the planets and sun orbit the Earth in the order of Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn. It predicts the positions of the planets accurately enough for naked-eye observations. He also made significant contributions to the worlds of geography and cartography. Ptolemy created the first known projection of the spherical earth onto a plane. In the image, Asia extended much too far to the East, causing Columbus to attempt to travel towards Asia but reach North America instead. Ptolemy was the primary source for world maps until Columbus came along.

How was the Bible accepted as an authority? Considering it was abnormal to be irreligious during the 16th century, it is unsurprising that the Bible was accepted as an authority in every literal sense. Many religious people believe that the Bible is the world of God, and since God is understood to be infallible, the writings in the bible (particularly any rules that are stated as necessary for believers to follow) are accepted as true no matter what they state. Religion was an affair that was taken extremely seriously by the people who lived in the 16th and 17th centuries, and the bible was considered to hold the divine answers to the problems humans face in life. As such, it was easily accepted as an authority, as the majority of people already took the matter of religion very seriously.

17th Century Scientists Chart Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Use of empirical evidence: The moon has a mountainous surface, the sun contains sunspots, Jupiter has three moons, the phases of Venus as the planet circled the sun Conclusions drawn from observations: The sun is the centre of the Universe, heliocentrism Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564) Use of empirical evidence: Discovered that Galen’s research was conducted on animals rather than humans, conducted his own research Conclusions drawn from observations: Wrote book called “On the Fabric of the Human Body” disproving many of Galen’s claims about the human anatomy William Harvey (1578-1657) Use of empirical evidence: Careful observations recorded during vivisections made of human and animal bodies during controlled experiments Quantitative analysis of Galen’s theory that blood came from the liver Conclusions drawn from observations: The liver would have to produce 540 pounds of blood an hour, which is impossible. Therefore, blood must circulate and not constantly be produced. Countered the authority of Galen. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) Use of empirical evidence: Observed single cell organisms using microscopes Recorded microscopic observations of muscle fibers, bacteria, spermatozoa, and blood flow in capillaries. Conclusions drawn from observations: Overturned traditional belief in spontaneous generation

#fuck #this #shit #i #want #to #die

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shipwrexked · 7 years

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I have questions....

I’m taking this biblical literature course for fun this semester and it’s led me to so many questions.

1)According to Genesis there was an ENTIRE advanced human civilization that existed before the flood. Like more advanced than we are now. God wiped them out, all but one family, for being evil....so my questions are legion just based on that information alone.

· For instance..some of the “unexplained” earth mounds and earth pictures that have been photographed from space..could this be that civilizations version of public art?

· That unexplained gear that was found in Greece and like predates Greek civilization. Part of an ancient mechanism that probably didn’t do anything more than like power some non-fossil fuel transportation device.

· If you go by what Genesis says then everyone in this civilization spoke the same language because God didn’t “confuse” the languages until later in Genesis.

· According to scripture we’re all related to Noah and his family. No literally his family was the ONLY one that was saved so basically, you’re all my relatives.

· The amount of knowledge that was lost is so astronomical it makes me simultaneously sad and irritated that none of Noah’s kids thought to write this shit down!

· You’re charged with repopulating the earth so what do you?

· Science says that human DNA has been breaking down slowly over 1,000’s of years...Noah’s family is the only one that’s saved….we’re all inbred and we have diseases that are cropping up because of it…so maybe don’t procreate with your nearest biological relative.

· Holy crap we’re all inbred!!!

· I need to know how each descendant moved across the new landscape of the world.

· Did this migration to other areas spawn the myths and legends of other societies?

· Assuming they were as advanced as we are led to believe…could those sculpture like images on Mars be left over from when these humans existed?

· Did we actually, at one point, have the ability to space travel?

· Did God wipe them out because they were close to colonizing another planet?

· Was one of Noah’s kid’s like a hard core introvert and that’s how introvert cultures like Japan and China happened?

· Noah had three sons…I bet the oldest was a total jerk and wanted to claim like everything..so he moved up north and spawned imperialistic descendants with delusions of grandeur..so Russia, Germany, Britain.

· The middle son was probably mostly forgotten cause “Invisible Middle Child” and he was all “fine then I’m taking my wife and kids and we’re gonna move away from you…he was probably the first human in the America’s.

· If we ever get to a point with technology that we can actually explore and map the bottom of the Oceans…will we find more remains of this once vast civilization.

· Was Noah trying to preserve the story of his people and came up with the tale of Atlantis. What if Atlantis wasn’t an island but a metaphor for Pangea and the humans that once lived there before the Great Flood swallowed it up.

· What’s really beneath the ice in Antarctica? I mean following this logic Antarctica used to be a part of Pangea before it “drifted” down south. So it’s reasonable to assume there are whole cities beneath the ice that we just haven’t found yet.

You know if they ever prove that Genesis is an accurate account of human history it could change EVERYTHING we thought we previously knew.

I have more question, like I said they are legion, but I have a paper to write and an actual job to do..so I’m just gonna leave this here.

#genesis #biblical literature #noah and his three sons #pangea #antartica #so many questions #so this is why the bible is always on the best sellers list #put a whole new spin on Tomorrow Land

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iqwrestler · 7 years

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Demons from Hyperspace and The Mechanisms of Magick

By Brian Allan Authors note: The spelling of magic is deliberate and designed to separate it from the stage illusion and trickery employed by illusionists. Forward 'The devil and his demons can, according to the literature, manifest themselves in almost any form and can physically imitate anything from angels to horrifying monsters with glowing eyes. Strange objects and entities materialise and dematerialise in these stories, just as the UFO's and their splendid occupants appear and disappear, walk through walls and other supernatural feats' [John Keel, 'UFO's, Operation Trojan Horse', p.192]. At first sight the title of this article reads like an example of bad science fiction cinema from the 1950's, but the reality is perhaps closer to the truth than one might imagine. Some of the concepts are not easy to embrace and this is not surprising because in order to do so, the reader must be prepared to accept possibilities that might conflict with their personal world view. However, there is one thing that might make the paradigm shift easier. If the reader already unquestioningly accepts the existence of a God and therefore Jesus Christ, and accepts that the acts and miracles of God, Christ and the saints are in essence magick, then what follows is little different. From the outset we should be prepared to accept that both UFO's and their occupants do not necessarily originate from other star systems or galaxies, or at least, not in the accepted sense of vehicles traversing the gulfs of interstellar space. Likewise we should also be prepared to accept that these 'machines' if that is what they are, and the 'beings' they contain, might not be real in any meaningful sense. In fact the entire enigma may hinge on how we interpret reality, for there may be more than one reality and each one may be slightly different depending on how one perceives it.

Reality Bites Our standard perception of reality is that it exists in the form of a tangible object or thing, like, for example, a steel ingot, which has mass, is solid and therefore 'real'. The material forming the ingot, which is of course energy, exists at a specific frequency and we exist at the same frequency therefore we perceive it as solid and not as the swirling mass of sub-atomic particles that it actually is. However, under the influence of hallucinogenic substances or perception altering techniques, that same reality may be viewed in a different, non-physical manner and the same may be true of our perception of what we call 'the supernatural'. Likewise, what we actually see with our eyes and recognise as a solid object (e.g. our ubiquitous steel ingot) does not exist in this manner once it is in memory. Rather, its shape and mass is reduced to a collection of stored electrical signals with which we create our internal world model. Perhaps this is one of the great ironies of our materialist world, a 'solid' object that consists of energy, once observed, is both stored and retrieved as energy, and as we have seen this is the nature of reality. If this is true, and what we see, smell, touch and feel is achieved through a series of electrical analogues that can vary with the individual, then it may indeed be possible to re-arrange and alter the physical world by the application of will. Perhaps the best method of understanding the flimsiness of reality and how fluid it is comes from an observation made by the late philosopher and author Alan Watts (1915-1973), who said, 'Reality is a Rorschach ink blot'. Although he encapsulated the entire concept in six words, as we have seen, the possibilities are endless and bounded only by the imagination. I make no apology for dwelling on this subject because it is absolutely fundamental to appreciating what magick is and how it functions. The Method For millennia we have apparently been visited by entities that have no natural home here on this plane, they are the demons and devils of old. Those that did not come here, for whatever reason, by themselves, have been deliberately invoked by people who breached the thin, invisible curtain separating the dimensions without fully understanding how they achieved it, nor in many cases fully appreciating the consequences of their actions. An early account of contact with beings produced by rituals and for want of a better word, 'magick', comes from the chronicles of the Elizabethan alchemist and magician, Dr. John Dee. According to these records, Dee along with his 'scryer' or clairvoyant Edward Kelley, encountered 'little men' who travelled around in 'A little fiery cloud'. The contact allegedly achieved by Dee was attributed to the use of 'Enochian'; a cabalistic language that he created and claimed was the language used by angels. It should be understood that the use of the term, angels, is misleading, since the beings encountered by Dee and Kelley were almost certainly not angels in any conventional sense and definitely not emissaries of God. The actual contact with these beings allegedly came through the efforts of Kelley and not Dee, they were first seen by Kelley while 'scrying' using a multi faceted, crystal 'trapezohedron' rather than a traditional, spherical, crystal ball. The reference to angels might also be a misunderstanding and may actually mean 'angles' and the entities they encountered may originate from alternate dimensions made visible using the odd refractive and reflective geometric properties of Kelley's artefact. In addition, the use of the term 'angels' to describe what they encountered was probably due to their lack of the concept of alternate realities and dimensions other than the biblical heaven and hell. Those who, like Dee and Kelley, achieved this feat were convinced that they had unlocked the very gates of Hades and cowered within pentagrams of protection while their 'visitors' were present. Having said that, it should be understood that given the alleged magickal abilities displayed by the beings they produced, they might as well have emerged from hell. Quoting freely from an observation made by the astronomer, author and visionary Arthur C Clarke, the effects of the technology used by such entities is indistinguishable from magick. However, in spite of the perceived risks, the potential rewards and kudos offered by using the powers and abilities of the entities far outweigh any danger. Given the sketchy information, whether the experiments of Dee and Kelley actually succeeded in opening a doorway into another dimension is open to question, but at the turn of the nineteenth century, one of the few places where this may actually have been successfully achieved was at Boleskine Lodge on the shores of Loch Ness in Scotland. It was here that another self-proclaimed magickian, Aleister Crowley, operated the ancient 'Abra Melin' ritual and allegedly opened a portal in the fabric of space-time and brought through a host of entities into this continuum. The claimed 'reward' for the successful operation of this ritual, the purpose of which was to turn a number of demonic entities to God, was the appearance of the celebrant's guardian angel. The story goes that during the ceremonies Crowley sprinkled fine sand on the terrace overlooking the loch to determine whether the entities were present or not. He reasoned that although they were invisible, he would be able to see their movements in the sand as they moved around the terrace. Existing accounts report that even on the calmest of days both Crowley and his assistants frequently saw the sand shuffle around under the steps of invisible beings. It is also said that during the ritual, which incidentally lasted around six months, the lights within the house were permanently left on even during the daylight hours because of the unnatural darkness permeating the building. Whether all this was entirely effective is open to debate, but it is certain that Crowley was absolutely sure of his own abilities as a magickian and from existing accounts he may indeed have been successful in his endeavours. There are still persistent rumours of frightening, half seen 'things' in the woods and hills surrounding Boleskine House and Loch Ness that just might be some of the entities that escaped from his thrall. Crowley is also credited with undertaking the 'Amalantrah Working' during which he contacted an inter-dimensional entity called 'Lam'. He later made a drawing of this being and it shows what is clearly a 'grey' alien, which, if accurate, appears to corroborate current thinking on the origin of both supernatural entities and extraterrestrials, but we shall return to this later. During the ritual, Crowley made use of Dee's Enochian language, and in fact called the beings he encountered during this ritual 'Enochian entities'. It is probably significant that during this particular ceremony Crowley used a variety of substances including cannabis and mescaline to produce the desired effects. This parallels the type of natural psychoactive chemicals used by shamans to take them on spiritual quests to consult with the entities dwelling in these altered states of being and awareness. Jack Parsons, another latter day magickian who was one of the founders of the JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) in Pasadena California, while working with L. Ron Hubbard the founder of Scientology, performed the so called 'Babalon Working', (which incidentally was also designed by Crowley,) and deliberately introduced more 'entities' into this world. In this instance, entities known as the 'Old Ones' were brought through a dimensional gateway that had been sealed in antiquity to prevent them accessing our space/time continuum. The legends surrounding these beings strongly suggest that aeons ago, when they were here, they wrought horrific destruction but were eventually overcome and banished by other forces less inimical to humanity. However, another school of thought suggests that these entities may not have deliberately sought to harm mankind and any suffering was entirely incidental to their designs. Indeed, they might even consider our planet as their own and humanity as vermin to be removed with no more thought than we would give to mice. While once again the veracity or otherwise of these claims is almost impossible to determine but if they, like Crowley, (whom incidentally they both knew) did actually succeed, then it is of great importance to discover the mechanics of how it was achieved. Perhaps one method was discovered quite recently (during the 1990's) and appears to come from work carried out by the Britain based Scole Group, who were told via a series of séances that humanity as a species is constantly threatened by encroaching entities inhabiting continuums existing alongside our own. Once again it is vital to realise that movement between dimensions is not at all straightforward and although they are all quite distinct they are guarded by various states of energy existing a different frequencies. Although the barriers are both invisible and intangible, because of their nature they might as well be made of Ferro-concrete ten miles thick. The revelations of the Scole researchers also indicate that we are surrounded by these normally inaccessible dimensions, some are relatively benign and some are not and it is to one of these realms that we travel when we eventually die. While our consciousness journeys there naturally, the method used to pass through the dimensional barriers at will requires technology, not magick, not a spell hidden in some dusty, cobwebbed grimoire, but technology. The Mechanism To do this we must strip away the theatricality associated with traditional ceremonial magick and instead examine the words and intent of those conducting the ceremony. The clothing and accoutrements have no effect whatsoever on the efficacy of a spell and serve another purpose, the end result lies entirely in the skill of the magickian, who, as we will see is actually more akin to a scientist that a mystic. What we must do is look at the possibility that magick per se and some of the props used in the rituals might actually serve as focal points for consciousness and will. It is also likely that the chants and incantations used in spells are effective, again not because of the content, but instead because of the sounds themselves. The use of potions in magickal ceremonies may have some herbal or medicinal value, but more importantly, as with shamans, provide a means of producing altered states of consciousness. Except for one or two items, the variety of bits and pieces added to traditional magickal brews, aside from putting the person swallowing the stuff at risk from poisoning, were largely valueless. It is only on examination that one can determine the active ingredients, e.g. the bark of certain trees like the Willow contains one of the precursors for the common drug aspirin and the addition of certain fungi would produce hallucinogenic effects, as would the skin of a species of toad. In addition, rhythmic chanting is also an adjunct to achieving altered states, and once the celebrant had achieved the desired state (and the consequent release of consciousness) then he (or she) could begin the process of making magick. The wording and intonation of the spells and incantations is a slightly different matter, and may directly interface with the fundamental truths of frequency and resonance. Once again, if we can accept that all reality, whether subjective or not, is constructed within the electromagnetic spectrum and is therefore frequency, then the frequencies generated by the words might actually interact directly with and alter reality at the subatomic level. Before leaving this we should consider one thing, the reason behind the attempts made by Dee, Crowley, Parsons, Hubbard and all the rest was not mere curiosity, but almost certainly a quest for knowledge and power. It is certain that there is little altruism behind attempts to conjure extra-dimensional beings, but instead there are usually three possibilities; knowledge, money and power in any combination. Perhaps it might also be fair to reduce these three points to one; knowledge, for as most people realise, knowledge is power. This is regrettable but understandable, for rather than acting in the spirit of pure research these practitioners showed their only too fallible humanity, which was of course their ultimate undoing. It is from accounts like these that one might reasonably conclude that there is a pattern in magick, ritual or otherwise, connecting sorcery to UFO's and their occupants. Careful research reveals that not only do the majority of those who regularly encounter both UFO's and ET entities also have a history of psychic occurrences, but the ability tends to run in families. This is best illustrated by the gift of the 'second sight' (clairvoyance) traditionally passed on from mother to daughter. In fact it might be reasonable to go further and suggest that modern day Ufologists and experiencers might have studied Demonology and alchemy had they lived in earlier times. Is Chaos Magick the Key? While the process of ritual magick is traditional and ordered, modern day thinking on the effectiveness of the magickal process has embraced another technique, 'Chaos Magick', and it is this particular style of magick that may even have real, scientific credibility. One of the chief axioms of chaos magick is 'Fake it till you make it', in other words absolute belief in something that does not exist or has not yet happened can and will make it occur. Belief is a tool that will sculpt reality into whatever you want it to be, the rather alarming problem here is the possibility that nothing is true because nothing is static. This is demonstrated in the famous 'butterfly analogy' which suggests that the flapping of a butterfly's wings in China could cause minute atmospheric changes which over a period of time could effect weather patterns in New York and it is from this base that chaos magick allegedly functions. One magickian of the 20th century who had considerable influence of the traditions of chaos magick was the late Austin Osman Spare who introduced the use of 'sigils' into the process. The sigil is, in effect, a condensed spell or expression of intent which is produced by writing down the desired effect or wish as a sentence on a piece of paper then gradually whittling it down. After concentrating and meditating on the words, the magickian then re-writes it with the vowels removed, then with any repeating letter deleted. The remaining letters may then be formed either into an anagram or perhaps into a design, which is finally condensed further into another figure containing the essence of the original. It short, the purpose of the exercise is the creation of a figure of potency representing the desire. Finally, the magickian deliberately invokes an altered state of awareness, but there is no set method to achieve it, drumming, chanting, hyperventilating, continuous rhythmic movement, or even hallucinogens are all effective. It the case of Austin Osman Spare, he literally danced himself to exhaustion then adopted a physical stance bordering on an extreme yoga posture until the desired state was reached. In fact it does not matter what method is used, but as with all attempts to alter perception it is the end result that is important, not the method, although for purists the use of chemicals is frowned upon. During the process of entering the altered state of consciousness, the magickian concentrates on the sigil and not on the wish, for effectively the two are now one. He should make the sigil stand out like an incandescent beacon burned into the screen of his minds eye and enter the altered state in this fashion. The rationale behind the technique is to banish the memory of the desire from his conscious mind and allow his unconscious to relay it into the invisible world that surrounds us. It is vital to the success of the fulfilment of the spell that the magickian should have no conscious memory of it. As we shall see, it is the partitioning off and release of the spell and it's eventual consignment to the void that touches on particle physics and contains the greatest element of risk. Another analogy is the often-quoted proposition that any serious investigation or demonstration of paranormal phenomena can be completely sabotaged by the negative presence of a debunker. Because of their own prejudices, at heart debunkers do not want positive demonstrations to succeed; therefore they will inadvertently prevent it. In other words, the tiniest change in the all-pervasive energy field that surrounds us can have an effect, both positive and negative, on reality. The debunker is therefore inadvertently operating his own brand of chaos magick. This seems to suggest that prayers might work in exactly the same manner, since it has been observed that when someone is prayed for, usually in the case of illness, that person has a greater likelihood of recovery in a shorter time that someone with the same condition who is not prayed for. This is particularly impressive when the person who has been prayed for has no prior knowledge of it but gets better anyway. The faithful will attribute this to the intercession of an Almighty God, but instead it is achieved by will alone, by changing the balance of probability. Not surprisingly, the more people who pray, the greater the chance of success, does this imply that prayer is a form of Chaos Magick? As I suggested earlier there is already one branch of science that appears to corroborate some of the claims of magickians and that is Quantum Theory. This discipline demonstrates that at a subatomic level it is possible for a human being to directly affect the behaviour of particles, and furthermore, the very presence of an observer can affect the outcome of an experiment depending whether he actually watches it happen or not. This then is how Chaos Magick functions and depending on the practitioner and their ability the results can be spectacular. However, as with the unforeseen consequences of the butterfly's wing beats, once the magickian has released the spell into his subconscious he loses all control over it, which demonstrates the latent danger inherent in the practise of these arts. Sympathy for the Devil? Yet another branch of sorcery is 'Sympathetic Magick' which in effect attempts to blend (or impose) the characteristics of one object with another and it could be argued that this is another form of Chaos Magick. This is demonstrated in a number of ways viz. by 'poppetry' and 'transference'. In the case of transference, the traditional method was to tie a ribbon or small piece of cloth to a 'holy tree', usually located beside a 'healing well'. The ribbon or cloth was assumed to have taken the medical condition of the sufferer into its substance and the magickal properties in the tree or well would effect a cure that would be transferred to the person. On the other hand, poppetry was the construction of a small doll or figure, sometimes containing something from the person it was intended to represent, this was usually a lock of hair or perhaps a fingernail. With the aid of a suitable incantation, the doll would take the illness away from the person afflicted. In a more sinister guise, sticking with pins or burning to deliberately harm the figure would transfer the damage to the intended victim in the same manner, as with prayer, the person was frequently affected whether they were aware of the spell or not. Even today in the secular world it is still considered bad luck or inappropriate to burn photographs of people in case the destruction of the image causes the person misfortune. Dwellers in the Dark If the barriers are as intangible as we think and if a suitable method can be found to allow passage between them and what might actually live there? It has been suggested that what we now define as extraterrestrials (ET's) are the creatures that terrified our forbears as demons and devils. It is fair to comment that the descriptions of the demons, imps and angels of antiquity are totally interchangeable with modern ET's; the only difference between our ancestors and us is a relatively greater degree of acceptance about what these things are. Although we should know better, sadly, there is still a marked degree of superstition enmeshed with the superficial gloss of sophistication and it seems that there is also a culture of denial relating to anything that smacks of the paranormal or the supernatural. The culture of denial stems from the traditional manner in which science approaches the subject, in fact, science appears to be set against itself in internecine warfare. There are the 'traditional' scientists whose training leaves them no choice other than outright rejection of concepts that appear to deny their Newtonian principles and this includes quantum physics. On the other hand, the majority of quantum physicists whose chosen discipline points the way to understanding the enigmas of paranormal research, by inclination refuse to accept the implications of their own conclusions. On one hand they can accept the near impossibility of time travel, (Albert Einstein's theorems demonstrate as much) yet they cannot accept that we are surrounded by invisible entities and beings that inhabit the dimensions their equations tell them are there. If the hints that particle physics provide are to be believed, these may ultimately be the ultimate key, the true 'Seal of Solomon' required to open the barriers between dimensions and allow 'magick' to function. Conclusion If one thing becomes clear from this, it is the fact that we and everything around us interact at the most basic and fundamental level of all and it should be no surprise that we are affected by the moods and whims of both people and the environment. The teachings of Eastern religion have recognised this from the beginning and the Buddhist concept that 'all is one' rings particularly true. Another truth that becomes apparent the more one studies the phenomenon is the ultimate similarity between all the diverse methods of magick. Like religion, (which, in spite of clerical refutation is magick by any other name) individual magickal processes each proclaim themselves to be the ultimate method and guarantee of success, when in fact they are all basically they same. They all work to a greater or lesser degree and for the same reason, the only difference, as with religion, is in the packaging. However, at the end of the day, perhaps it is we who are the real 'Dwellers in the Dark', throwbacks to the savages who hid in caves from thunder and lighting, and it is the entities that surround us that are the enlightened ones.

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