#chloroplast's | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

mindblowingscience · 7 months

Text

Scientists have long known that chloroplasts help plants turn the sun's energy into food, but a new study, led by plant biologists at the University of California, Davis, shows that they are also essential for plant immunity to viral and bacterial pathogens. Chloroplasts are generally spherical, but a small percentage of them change their shape and send out tube-like projections called "stromules." First observed over a century ago, the biological function of stromules has remained enigmatic. Previous studies have shown that chloroplasts produce more stromules when a plant detects an infection. Stromules aid in clustering chloroplasts around the nucleus and function as conduits to transport pro-defense signals from chloroplasts to the nucleus. Despite these findings, researchers have not been able to determine the role of stromules in immunity, as no genes involved with the formation of stromules have been identified. In the new study, Savithramma Dinesh-Kumar, professor and chair in the Department of Plant Biology, graduate student Nathan Meier and colleagues have identified a key protein involved in stromule biogenesis during immunity. Their findings were published Oct. 25 in Science Advances.

#science #stem #biology #plants #chloroplast #photosynthesis

124 notes · View notes

avianii · 7 months

Text

me recently

#anii's random thoughts #top gun #pete maverick mitchell #tom iceman kazansky #ron slider kerner #nick goose bradshaw #they're my chloroplasts now 🥰🥰🥰

67 notes · View notes

sajanrai · 11 months

Photo

loggers dread daylight / their kin felled in vengeance by / a huge chloroplast

#OC #character #character design #sajan rai #chloroplast #fantasy #fantasy art #art #artwork #artist #illustration #gore #blood #violence #vengeance #monster

146 notes · View notes

mokutone · 1 year

Text

#my art #naruto #yamato #tenzō #yamato tenzo #happy winter solstice to the northern hemisphere!!! the days only get longer from here and the weather only warmer! photosynthesize!#get your chloroplasts in gear!!!!#and a happy summer solstice to the southern hemisphere! my condolences on the fading of the sunlight #but at least you have plenty left for the moment

387 notes · View notes

darlin-djarin · 8 months

Text

wait until star wars fans hear about the endosymbiotic theory

#the way a prokaryotic cell gets engulfed by a eukaryotic cell #and the prokaryotic cell doesn't get dissolved but rather stays functional and so the cells form a symbiotic relationship #that's mutually beneficial...#until slowly... slowly the prokaryotic cell loses it's independent function... slowly the cell loses more and more and more #and the eukaryotic cell takes and takes and takes and the prokaryotic cell loses and loses and loses as it gives up more of itself...#and slowly... the prokaryotic cell becomes a mitochondria or a chloroplast... a bare fragment of what it once was...#and it loses itself to it's symbiotic relationship until it's become nothing more than a small piece of it's past... nothing more #FUCKKKK i love biology holy shit #i was watching some videos about the endosymbiotic theory and they told it in such way that had me.. like. god. yeah #this is it #anyway #star wars #oil.

32 notes · View notes

fazedlight · 1 year

Note

something something organelles something chloroplasts…. sulfates…

*nodding along* yes talk science to me damn

It was so hard to write that chapter of Even Though You're Kryptonian, and try to figure out what the audience would need to know (assuming that most of the audience didn't have biology fresh on their minds). I ended up summing it to "okay, the audience needs to know that blood is important, and that the trait is maternally passed" and also "the audience needs to know this comes down to quantum information, which can't be cloned". When Nia says "skip the science", that is because I took out full paragraph explanations that were originally written there when I went back to editing 🤣 Buuuut this is tumblr, so I'll summarize here!

Quantum cloning is actually impossible (and would break the universe if it were possible), which Lena notes. On the TV show, they say they need Kara's DNA, and then get really sad when it's destroyed... but Lena is a scientist, replicating DNA is super easy, she definitely would've done that before loading the device!! So in my fic, we're going with quantum signatures, because the sadness around needing to reset the device to fight the phantoms makes sense.

The stable marriage problem (also called the "stable matching problem") is an actual thing in algorithms, with applications in economics. It's not specific to marriage - you can use similar algorithms to optimize which schools students attend, for instance. And it's always solvable, given certain conditions, with one of those conditions being that the two groups are distinct (like colleges are group 1, students are group 2 - a college can't attend a college & a student can't attend a student). If you don't have distinct groups, it turns into the stable roommate problem, which is not guaranteed to be solvable.

So basically my headcanon is that Krypton would look at algorithms and say "We can't have gay marriage, that's not algorithmically efficient!" because Krypton is the type of screwed up society that thinks everything should be done by algorithm.

Chloroplasts are organelles in plants. (Organelles are just organs for cells - instead of hearts and livers and kidneys, cells have things like mitochondria and nuclei and endoplasmic reticula.) Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell? Well, so are chloroplasts (in plants!).

Lena at some point on the TV show tells the group that Reign's cells are more like plant cells, which Kara confirms as how kryptonians convert sunlight to energy (which is what a chloroplast does). But I say they're not quite chloroplasts because they have to use a different dye - kryptonians aren't green. Lutein is a yellow dye in plants (think fall leaves) that could probably be masked by the natural melanin in human skin. So that's what I made as the thing that causes kryptonians to give off a quantum signature - the conversion of sunlight to power.

Organelles really are passed from the mother (egg) to the child. Sperm doesn't have room for much besides DNA. (Though for reasons not yet explained, kryptonian biology is going to work a little differently than Lena expects.)

As for sulfates, that's just a category of salt, and they're plentiful in the ocean. I needed something that killed libido... unfortunately, most of the real stuff that would kill libido are things like alcohol or opioids, and I didn't want kryptonian kids running around stoned all the time. But salt can contribute to high blood pressure, which can lower libido - sooooo let's just pretend that kryptonians are particularly likely to experience this side effect, while not being killed by blood pressure. Their biology is different anyway!

#“endoplasmic reticulum” is a fun thing to say #i've done some algorithmic work as a software engineer before and my spouse's job is basically graph theory #I've also worked in a lab and done a PCR and know that replicating DNA is super easy first hand #mitochondria+chloroplasts also have their own DNA separate from the nucleus DNA for hilarious reasons #which allows us to trace maternity really easily because that DNA changes much more slowly than the human/nucleus DNA #THIS IS PROBABLY WAY MORE THAN YOU WANTED TO KNOW I AM SO SORRY #in this essay I will-#asks #katiemcgrathisdaddyaf #headcanon

62 notes · View notes

gaynaturalistghost · 1 year

Note

Are fungi or mushrooms considered plants? I've heard mixed things & thought you'd have some insight about it. Really love ur ivy concepts!!

I’m not going to just say No! and move on because the truth (at least to me) is REALLY INTERESTING. I drew this out, here’s a few billion years summed up with jokes!

Ok. More than 3.5 BYA. You are a bacteria, living in the oceans (which are blood red but that’s a whole Other Thing). You are a cyanobacteria, you live in big gooey colonies with your best friends and you decide “hey, it would be cool if I could do photosynthesis and get even more energy after I eat the sugars” Which was generally considered a Bad Move, because you made oxygen at the end which is super toxic. To all life. Really bad decision (the oceans helped). Instead of wiping out all life by being horrible and toxic, you actually build the ozone layer and make way for a whole bunch of new guys who can use oxygen (oxygenic respiration).

Now we have eukaryotes depicted as Kirby. This is because they are Like That and when they ate cyanobacteria they didn’t always kill them, and over time they just became chloroplasts. Now they can do photosynthesis. The mitochondria was a similar process that happened first. Some plankton still do this and just… have a guy they didn’t eat all the way.

So we have eukaryote Kirby with chloroplasts. That will split to plants and green algae, here’s where the fungi come in!

The last common fungal ancestor was a parasite of a single called green algae or ancestor, things kind of overlap ranges. So you are a closer “cousin” to fungi than fungi are to plants!

I included this whole thing because I study lichens, and two of the partners in that symbiosis are fungi and/or cyanobacteria. That’s crazy! They were parasites and went and did their own thing and some decided to be symbiotic later! With plants too, they are still pathogens and parasites and so on but doesn’t it seem like living inside a thing that originated by eating all your shit would be a good idea. But lichens have lasted more than 400 million years so who am I to say. And plants have a lot of fungal pathogens but may not have made the transition to land without fungi and would not exist without them.

I could go on. This stuff is my main interest for my scientific career (paired down here ofc) hope this was more interesting than just saying “no!” : )

Bonus: mushrooms are ‘fruiting bodies’ or ‘basidia’ of one division of fungi, the basidiomycetes (buh-sid-ee-oh-my-seats)! ascomycetes (ass-co-my-seats) are usually the cup-shaped ones, not technically mushrooms. I think colloquially mushrooms is used for “edible” fungi and ‘toadstools’ are non-edible.

#asks #botany #fungi #fungi are not plants #they are worse #(affectionate)#green algae #endosymbiosis #chloroplasts #mushrooms #mycology #phycology #phytology

82 notes · View notes

thatonekreachur · 4 months

Text

one detail in elemental is that these earth buildings in the background kinda look like granum, which were inside the chloroplast of a plant cell.

(Sorry I couldn't get a better image)

#like that is so genius pixar #how can you pull it off better than me #pixar elemental #elemental 2023 #elemental pixar #elemental #pixar #i knew what i had to do once I looked at the chloroplast in science class #you might see these buildings during the hot air balloon scene #creature commentary

12 notes · View notes

soyeonshugs · 28 days

Text

I feel like a dying plant and every George spotting is a splash of fresh water that brightens up my drying leaves, his smile is like the sunlight that makes me stick up a little taller again so i can feel the warmth of it on my green and leafy skin🌱

#hes brighter than the whole world #i think im going crazy #my chloroplasts need enrichment #gnfie #he looks so happy everytime hes spotted i really hope hes doing well #i miss him so much i dont feel okay #these small glimpses mean the world to me #gnf #I genuinely think im on the verge of insanity

3 notes · View notes

aydenrain · 7 months

Text