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awkwardbotany · 16 days

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Randomly Selected Botanical Terms: Phyllaries

Flowers in the aster family have one of the most recognizable shapes in botany – a circle with a series of petals surrounding it. If you were asked to draw a flower, there is a good chance your drawing would look something like a sunflower, a daisy, a cosmos, or an aster. It’s one of the most basic flower shapes, and yet it isn’t a single flower; it’s a pseudanthium – a false flower. This is…

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materialsscienceandengineering · 4 months

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Adding a small amount of solid carbon to copper boosts its conductivity

A common carbon compound is enabling remarkable performance enhancements when mixed in just the right proportion with copper to make electrical wires. It's a phenomenon that defies conventional wisdom about how metals conduct electricity. The findings, reported in the journal Materials & Design, could lead to more efficient electricity distribution to homes and businesses, as well as more efficient motors to power electric vehicles and industrial equipment. The team has applied for a patent for the work, which was supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Office. Materials scientist Keerti Kappagantula and her colleagues at DOE's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory discovered that graphene, single layers of the same graphite found in pencils, can enhance an important property of metals called the temperature coefficient of resistance.

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andmaybegayer · 2 months

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has anyone made a carbon fibre Performance Trabant. This feels like a thing someone would do, the original Trabant was a fabric composite body on a steel frame, it would be relatively simple to take a mould of the body parts and recast them in high performance composite. If you were willing to spend several thousand dollars on a bit that is.

#cars #trabant #composites

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lunarlanderdwelling · 5 months

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Lunar lander dwelling in winter.

#lunarlanderdwelling #tiny house #boat building #nasa #composites #architecture

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heather-rajendran · 8 months

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Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) wildflower photo I took 03/09/2023, Wakefield, West Yorkshire, UK

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thepotentialof2007 · 10 months

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Daphne Arnott

Jul. 07, 1953 - Britain's only girl racing car manufacturer; 27 year old Daphine [sic] Arnott, Britain's only girl racing car manufacturer, builds her car bodies with fiber glass. Her first glass car raced at Silverstone last Saturday. Amid the crackle of tuning engines in her Edgware, Middlesex, ''Shop'' yesterday she said she was going to fit all ten of ther squat racers wit h20 lb fiber glass bodies. They're a third of the weight of aluminum and a dent can be pressed out gently with the hand. Holes are easy to repair with a patch of the right size and a pot of glue

#daphne arnott #women in motorsport #women in auto mechanics and engineering #silverstone #racing cars #composites #transcribing an interview i found rn

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creacompdesign · 1 year

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Libreria G-Light x Slam Jam

La fibra di vetro è un materiale composto da filamenti sottili e resistenti, che viene utilizzato comunemente in vari settori per la produzione di oggetti ed elementi resistenti e durevoli. Il plexiglass, invece, è un materiale polimerico trasparente, simile al vetro ma con maggiore flessibilità e resistenza.

L'utilizzo combinato di questi due materiali, unito all'impiego di sistemi di illuminazione LED, ha portato alla creazione del G-Light, un materiale innovativo ideale per l'arredamento di negozi e showroom.

Grazie alla leggerezza della fibra di vetro, è possibile costruire strutture personalizzate che si adattano alle esigenze specifiche di ogni ambiente. La resistenza alla trazione, alla corrosione e la stabilità termica della fibra di vetro assicurano una maggiore durata e affidabilità del prodotto finale.

L'aggiunta del plexiglass alla fibra di vetro consente di ottenere una superficie trasparente, che rende possibile l'illuminazione interna del materiale attraverso l'uso di LED. Questo aspetto è particolarmente indicato per l'arredamento di negozi e showroom, in cui la visibilità dei prodotti e l'effetto scenografico attirano l'attenzione e la curiosità dei clienti.

Il materiale composto da fibra di vetro e plexiglass può essere utilizzato per la creazione di pareti divisorie, espositori, scaffali e arredi di vario tipo. Grazie alla versatilità del materiale, è possibile personalizzare l'illuminazione a LED in base alle esigenze specifiche di ogni ambiente, ottenendo un effetto luminoso delicato ma allo stesso tempo funzionale e coinvolgente.

La fusione tra materiale composito e polimerico permette al G-Light di essere considerato un materiale ecologico, in quanto la durata della vita del prodotto è molto più lunga rispetto a quella di altri materiali simili spesso utilizzati per questo tipo di applicazioni.

In sintesi, il G-Light rappresenta un'importante evoluzione nel settore dell'arredamento per negozi e showroom, grazie alla sua leggerezza, flessibilità, trasparenza e alla possibilità di essere illuminato a LED. Questo materiale rappresenta una soluzione estetica ed efficace per rendere i negozi più accattivanti e per attirare l'attenzione dei clienti, oltre ad essere una scelta sostenibile e durevole.

#composites #deisgn #architecture #innovation #storedesign #lightdesign #showroom #industrial design #interiordesign #interiorarchitecture #fashionindustry #streetwear

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aerospace-anant · 2 years

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The coolest commercial jet in the world??!!

INTRODUCTION

The days of the a380 and the humped 747 are gone and the 787 dreamliner is at the forefront of this revolution making it my favourite commercial airliner.

MATERIAL

About 50 percent of it is made of carbon fiber composite making it the first commercial jet in the world to be made up primarily of this material.

Composites are composed of 2 or more materials. Carbon reinforced plastics are composed of extremely strong carbon fibres bound together by plastic.

Carbon fibre is very strong and very light. It is 5 times stronger than steel and twice as stiff. Since they are very thin strands, thy can’t create solid structures, therefore, are bounded together by the plastic resin otherwise they would just form a strong but flexible fabric. Which is useful as it can be made into any shape required thus helping in forming the smooth curves of a jet.

Fun Fact- Boeing had to make customised ovens for the resin to heat in after it had been laid on the mould.

The 787 can also accommodate large windows on its fuselage as it is made up of composites. A hole this large on an aluminium jet would result in build up of stress around the window boundaries due to deviation of stress contours around the holes. Over a period of time, this would lead to damage on the body of the jet which will shorten the lifespan of the jet by a lot.

Aluminium based jets also pose another problem that has been solved by the use of carbon fibre composite. Use of joints and fasteners to rivet the pieces of aluminium together created small bumps and imperfections on the surface of the jet that created a lot of drag. Since the fuselage is now essentially a monolithic structure made of carbon composite, this drag is eliminated.

WINGS Wing Spar is the main structural component of a wing and its main job is to resist the upward bending force. In the 787 dreamliner, it is made up of carbon fibre composites and are structured by aluminium plates. This structure is hollow and acts as a space to store fuel in the jet. Carbon fibre composites have another quality that make them better for making wings. Carbon fibre composites can deform about 1.9% before entering the plastic region whereas aluminium can deform less than 1%.

(stress-strain graph depicting elastic and plastic regions. Source- https://www.smlease.com/entries/mechanical-design-basics/stress-strain-curve-diagram/)

Therefore, the wings can be super flexible. During the flight, the wingtips of a 787 dreamliner can move upward by about 3m.

The wings of a 787 are not the same as that of other aluminium jets. Due to its high flexibility, engineers designed the wings with a high aspect ratio. Aspect ratio is the ratio of the wing span to the mean chord of the wing. Gliders have high aspect ratio and the delta wings of a fighter jet have low aspect ratio. The 777 had an aspect ratio of 9 but the 787 has the aspect ratio of 11!

Thus even though composites are stiffer than aluminium, the wings of 787 bend more due to higher aspect ratio.

Higher aspect ratio means a larger wingspan as the vortex drags at the tip of wing, by spreading the area of wing over a longer wing, we minimize the pressure that drives vortices thus, the energy loss due to vortex drag is reduced. Another difference wings of the 787 dreamliner is the airfoil itself. The 787 uses a supercritical airfoil.

Tested in the early 1970s by NASA at the Dryden Flight Research Centre is now universally recognized by the aviation industry as a wing design that increases flying efficiency and helps lower fuel costs. Conventional wings are rounded on top and flat on the bottom. The SCW is flatter on the top, rounded on the bottom, and the upper trailing edge is accented with a downward curve to restore lift lost by flattening the upper surface.

THE PROBLEM WITH COMPOSITES

One of the things that stands out the most in the material composition of the 787 is the extensive use of titanium over aluminium since titanium is an expensive metal.

Aluminium on its own doesn’t corrode but when kept near carbon fibre, it oxidises rapidly. This is due to a phenomenon known as galvanic corrosion. When 2 materials with dissimilar electric potentials are kept in contact with each other with an electrolyte such as salt water, exchange of ions takes place.

Fun Fact- To reduce the cost of manufacturing Titanium, Boeing partnered with Norsk Titanium which 3-D print titanium parts thus eliminating the wastage of metal.

There is another issue with composites, even though carbon fibre is a good conductor of electricity, the plastic resin is an insulator and thus doesn’t allow electricity to conduct through it in case of lightning strikes. Thus, Boeing had to add strips of copper all around the fuselage to help it conduct lightning.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

https://www.nasa.gov/pdf/89232main_TF-2004-13-DFRC.pdf

https://www.nasa.gov/centers/armstrong/news/FactSheets/FS-044-DFRC.html

https://www.smlease.com/entries/mechanical-design-basics/stress-strain-curve-diagram/

https://www.innovativecomposite.com/what-is-carbon-fiber/#:~:text=Carbon%20Fiber%20is%20a%20polymer,steel%20and%20twice%20as%20stiff.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/boeing-787-dreamliner

https://www.aerospace-technology.com/projects/dreamliner/

https://www.boeing.com/commercial/787/by-design/#/advanced-composite-use

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lapFQl6RezA

#boeing #physics #science #aerospace #tech #aerodynamics #engineer #engineering #flights #airlines #pilotstuff #boeing 787 #dreamliner #composites #wings

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carewren · 2 years

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Fire Angel

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#abanonded #aiart #angel #collage #Composites #digital art #fire #Midjourney #Midjourney and Photography #Midjourneyai #mood #Nik #Photoshop #Topaz #urban decay

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girlwiththealligatortattoo · 2 years

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Holler for prints. 100% of proceeds will be donated to The Seacrest Wolf Preserve.

#nature #wildlife #animals #nature art #wolflove #wolf #wolvesforever #artistsohtumblr #wildlifeconservation #photoshop #composites #compositeart #animalloversunited #printsavailable

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diabloku · 2 months

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Lucifer: *enters the hotel*

Alastor: I cast vicious mockery 😈

An animation my sis and I made for fun

Music is Perception Check by Tom Cardy.

#hazbin hotel alastor #Hazbin hotel #Hazbin hotel Lucifer #vivziepop #Hazbin hotel fanart #Alastor #Lucifer #Perception check #“you're much shorter in real life”#Alastor has no mercy if you're under 5“2 lol #I did: the storyboard; artworks and animation #And my sis did: the coloring; animation as well and the compositing #Team work makes the dream work lol

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nasa · 18 days

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Follow, follow the Sun / And which way the wind blows / When this day is done ⁣🎶 ⁣ Today, April 8, 2024, the last total solar eclipse until 2045 crossed North America.⁣

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space!

#nasa #space #science #moon #sun #astronomy #eclipse2024 #solar eclipse #eclipse #total solar eclipse #washington dc #washington monument #timelapse #composite #photography

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materialsscienceandengineering · 1 month

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Recycling research finds new process to transform glass fiber-reinforced plastic into silicon carbide

Glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP), a strong and durable composite material, is widely used in everything from aircraft parts to windmill blades. Yet the very qualities that make it robust enough to be used in so many different applications make it difficult to dispose of—consequently, most GFRP waste is buried in a landfill once it reaches its end of life. According to a study published in Nature Sustainability, Rice University researchers and collaborators have developed a new, energy-efficient upcycling method to transform glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) into silicon carbide, widely used in semiconductors, sandpaper, and other products. "GFRP is used to make very large things, and for the most part, we end up burying the wing structures of airplanes or windmill blades from a wind turbine whole in a landfill," said James Tour, the T.T. and W.F. Chao Professor and professor of chemistry and of materials science and nanoengineering. "Disposing of GFRP this way is just unsustainable. And until now, there has been no good way to recycle it."