#executive function deficit disorder | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

zaharya · 2 years

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Hi!

I've read your post on the science of ADHD and was wondering if you could help me? (Feel free to say no!)

I'm trying to find articles on that symptom where you're unable to do anything even when you want to. Tumblr seems to refer to it as Executive Dysfunction, but since that term is very broad I have been unable to find anything specifically on the above symptom. Do you have any tips? Do you have any idea whether it has a more defined "name"?

Again, don't feel any pressure to answer!

Kind regards,

Hello!

Well, I can try to help 😅

Ah, yes. I'm afraid that executive dysfunction is in fact the official scientific / medical term for this, and there isn't a more defined name for this – at least not an official medical or scientific one. But I see how that might be a bit frustrating when looking for resources to deal with a specific issue or situation.

Just to clarify, what kinds of "articles" are you looking for? Scientific articles, or popular media articles / lay literature?

What you could try to look for are specific presentations of ex. dys., specific ways in which it manifests; there are a number of lay terms that describe more specific aspects of it. For example some people talk about "decision paralysis", or "ADHD waiting mode" – obviously neither of those are official terms, but it may help you find more resources on them, especially in popular/non-scientific media.

If you're going for scientific literature itself (which I personally do recommend), consider looking for executive function instead. Executive function is a fundamental cognitive ability and plays a role in many many things, and thus has a lot of research to back it up. Try searching it in connection to ADHD, and that should lead you to some beginning at least.

Now, you say that you couldn't find anything for "that specific symptom" – a lot of the time, it is a matter of recognising how the same concept leads to different outcomes. So even if you don't find articles that describe your exact situation, the concept discussed in the article might still be helpful to understand your specific symptoms. Furthermore, while it is true that this "inability to do the thing" is often based in executive dysfunction, there are also motivational aspects that have to be considered in ADHD. By motivational aspects I do not mean that you do not want to do the thing, or that you are not trying enough to do the thing. Rather, the motivational circuits in ADHD brains are different from those in neurotypical brains, which can thus lead to some difficulties.

I am guessing part of what you are looking for are ways to deal with this kind of issue. In my experience, understanding it helps to work around most symptoms to a certain degree already, so I do thing that learning about the mechanisms of it is beneficial in any case. Still, there are hacks that help with ADHD paralysis – I'll list a few and how they might help. [All of these are based on urgency, novelty, or personal importance, which are generally the factors that determine how well ADHD vibes with a task or activity.]

The three second rule; sounds stupid, but try it out! If you're trying to start doing something that requires you to move (e.g. take a shower, make food, do the dishes – whatever) and you find yourself stuck on the couch/at your desk/in bed/on the floor, take a deep breath, count down from three, and when you reach 0 you have to move. It can be any movement, but since you're not giving your brain a lot of time to think, the easiest movement is usually to get up – which gets you started at the very least. Try to ride that momentum.

Pomodoros; time your tasks for mini-deadline pressure. Pick a thing to do, e.g. you want to draw because you like drawing, then set a timer to around 20-30 minutes (at least that's the norm, but hey you can also do 16 and a-half minutes!). Start the timer, and while it runs you focus only on the previously specified task. When it's done, take a break of 5-10 minutes (again, you do you), then the next timer starts. I use this a lot for studying and writing, because it creates little focus windows that are easier to handle.

Increase or decrease stimulation; music, fidgets, anything that vibes for you. Maybe the hurdle is that you're simply over- or understimulated – play around with your activity-environment to see if it makes a difference!

Body doubling; personal favourite, simply hang out with your friends! The presence of another being/person often helps to stay on task, and it can be energising (at least to extraverts like me)

External incentives or accountability; aka threats and bribes 😏 my favourite variant of this is a concept I introduced on several of my Discord servers – Drabbles for Dopamine, where people literally bribe each other with little drabbles so they do the thing. But this works with anything! Tell your friend that you want to be out of bed in 30 minutes and ask them to check in on you; the pressure of having someone else know often already is enough. If the "threat" of them checking is not enough, add a "bribe" to it, for example a picture of their pet – whatever is at hand and motivates you.

There is more of course, but those are the few that come to mind off the top of my head. Feel free to message me if you have questions about any of them.

Besides that, here are a few links that might be of interest:

Popular / non-scientific sources (sorted by how useful I think they'll be for you)

What is executive function and why do we need it? – How to ADHD (video)

ADHD and Motivation – How to ADHD (video)

Motivation | How to ADHD (YT playlist)

Executive Dysfunction & ADHD - when you can't 'do the thing' (article)

What is executive function? (ADDitude mag article)

Scientific articles / research (no particular order!)

Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review

Executive functions and adaptive functioning in young adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Are There Executive Dysfunction Subtypes Within ADHD?

Disturbance of the emotion and motivation in the adhd: a dopaminergic dysfunction

Executive dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: cognitive and neuroimaging findings

#ask #ask answered #adhd #executive dysfunction #executive function #motivation #do the thing #research #non-scientific sources #attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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kratomqueen · 1 year

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tiktok makes me so embarrassed to tell people i have adhd

#actual adhd not #'i self diagnosed w adhd after destroying my attention span w tiktok and getting all my info from tiktoks w erroneous info and zero nuance'#it's embarrassing. a short attention span is only a tiny fraction of what adhd actually is #it really needs to be renamed to efdd (executive functioning deficit disorder)#and it has to have a serious negative impact on your life in concrete ways that aren't normal for most people! independent of other factors #everyone has 'symptoms' to some extent. how badly they affect your life is what decides whether those symptoms reach the lvl of a disorder #and tiktoks never include that very important nuance #god we went from being underdiagnosed several years ago to the completely opposite direction #i feel even worse for people with did and tic disorders. tiktok has made those into even more of a joke than adhd #it sucks #they romanticize disorders even worse than tumblr did 10 years ago!#ok rant over

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exoflash · 10 months

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mooooom neurotypicals are trying to rename adhd and say it's offensive again

#brightts ramblings #'you shouldn't call it a disorder 🥺' IT IMPAIRS MY ABILITY TO FUNCTION #IT'S A DISORDER BRENDA #having a disorder is not an accusation of failure or flaw. it's a term that means I genuinely Struggle with things #yeah it could definitely use a rename. i like efdd #(executive functioning deficit disorder)#but im specifically talking about suburban moms who are like #'it's not a disorder it's a superpower 🥺'#disorder isn't a bad word

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mentalhealthinstitute · 1 year

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Breaking the Stigma About ADHD and Embracing Neurodiversity

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects individuals of all ages. It is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ADHD has been misunderstood by society, leading to a negative stigma around it. People with ADHD are often misjudged and stereotyped, which can lead to feelings of shame and low self-esteem. In this article, we…

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adhd-dog-guy · 2 years

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Does anyone else’s planner look like this? Also mix matched socks for the win!

My autism loves the structure of a planner and my ADHD makes a mess out of it…

#adhd adult #adhd #adhd autism solidarity #autistic adhd #autism #autistic #attention deficit disorder (add)#neurodivergent #mental health #anxiety #anxious #attention deficit hyperactivity disorder #executive function #chaos #messy #planner

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cpotterphotos · 1 year

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Did you know that ADHD can also affect adults? This book provides practical information and tips for managing ADHD symptoms and living a fuller life. Get it now on Amazon. The book will be free until 04/21.

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sleepyherbs · 8 months

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ASPD Resource Dump

feel free to reblog! here are some resources related to ASPD that i've collected since i've being diagnosed (roughly 5 years).

Sympathetic Articles

An Autistic Sociopath's Story, Cassy, through Special Books by Special Kids (video. an autistic pwASPD talks about her life and experiences with both.)

An Interview with a Sociopath, Dyshae, through Special Books by Special Kids (video. a pwASPD and bipolar disorder talks about his life and experiences with both.)

Life With Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD), Andrew, through mind.org.uk (a pwASPD's account of their life and experiences with it.)

The Hidden Suffering of the Psychopath, William H. J. Martens, MD, PhD (a sympathetic view of pwASPD, and some information on the neurobiology of ASPD.)

Factors for Development

Antisocial personality disorder in abused and neglected children grown up., B. K. Luntz, C. S. Widom (from 1994. provides evidence supporting the fact that child abuse/neglect is a predictor of antisocial behavior.)

Antisocial Personality Disorder with Childhood- vs Adolescence-Onset Conduct Disorder, Risë B. Goldstein et al. (from 2006. discusses how symptoms vary in pwASPD whose conduct disorder began in childhood vs in adolescence.)

Predictors of antisocial personality: Continuities from childhood to adult life, Emily Simonoff et al. (from 2018. draws connections between childhood behaviors, diagnoses, etc., and antisocial behavior in adulthood.)

Risk Factors in Childhood That Lead to the Development of Conduct Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder, Stacey E. Holmes, James R. Slaughter, Javad Kashani (from 2001. covers multiple categories that may lead to development of CD and/or ASPD, including environment, genetics, and individual differences.)

Miscellaneous Articles

Antisocial Personality Disorder: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Distinct Subtypes, Sean J. McKinley (from 2018. proposes three diagnostic subtypes for ASPD: primarily detached, primarily disinhibited, and combined.)

Executive function, attention, and memory deficits in antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy, Michael Baliousis et al. (from 2019. discusses some neurobiology of ASPD, and how it effects executive function, attention, and memory.)

Self-mutilation in antisocial personality disorder, M. Virkkunen (from 1976. reports on self-injury behaviors in pwASPD, and details their motivations.)

#actually antisocial #actually aspd #cluster b #aspd tag #tea time !

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speakingofpsychosis · 10 months

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I would love to know more about cognitive issues associated with schizophrenic spectrum disorders.. im schizotypal & have been told the issues Ive been having with thought withdrawal n decreased motor activity n precision, among others, are caused by schizostuff and not dissociation, like i assumed.. i was very explicitly told dissociation does not manifest itself in same ways schizostuff does but not explained on account of what exactly they differ and i havent been able to find anything myself.. so i suppose info regarding thst topic could he of great use to many people. I apologize for lack of personal experience described its incredibly hard to put it into words. thank you for running this blog!

Hi! There are several ways schizophrenia effects cognitive function.

The cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia may, in part, be related to changes in the brain. Research, including a 2021 study, shows that people with schizophrenia have reduced cortical thickness, which may contribute to changes in thinking and memory.

Gray and white matter support cognitive functions like attention, memory, and language. A 2019 study reported that people with schizophrenia had less brain matter in several areas, including gray matter in the cortex, than people without schizophrenia.

The rate at which you receive, assess, and respond to new information is called your processing speed. This cognitive quality impacts how quickly you think, learn, and respond to your environment.

The volume of white matter in the brain affects processing speed.

There can be some degree of overlap with negative symptoms and they can be mutually exacerbating or compound each other. For example the loss of verbal ability combined with attention deficit can make conversation extremely difficult to the point it is avoided. Similarly, the negative symptom of avolition (the loss of the will to do things) combined with diminished executive performance makes many domestic tasks or chores increasingly complex and again, avoided.

Here’s a list of common cognitive functions impaired in schizophrenia:

Attention & Concentration

Social Cognition

Problem solving

Declarative memory

Working memory

Attention/concentration

Cognitive functions impaired in schizophrenia

Executive function

Social cognition

Processing speed

I wish you nothing but luck on your journey. 💚

#schizophrenia #schizophrenic spectrum #schizoposting #schizospeaking #schizospec #psychosis #psychosis awareness #psychotic #schizo spectrum #schizoaffective #psychosis posting #actually psychotic #actually schizoaffective #actually disabled #actually schizospec #seriously schizophrenic #psychotic disorder

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my-autism-adhd-blog · 6 months

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how do i talk to my parents about taking my adhd more seriously? i feel like they dont really understand how much i really effects my life and my mom has said my "adhd isnt really a disability" and its very stressful sometimes

Hi @pyrophilexd

I’m so sorry your parents aren’t that educated about ADHD. But not to worry, I found sources you can show them and how it affects your daily life. There will be long excerpts, so I apologize if this is really long.

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic, debilitating disorder which may impact upon many aspects of an individual’s life, including academic difficulties,1 social skills problems,2 and strained parent-child relationships.3 Whereas it was previously thought that children eventually outgrow ADHD, recent studies suggest that 30–60% of affected individuals continue to show significant symptoms of the disorder into adulthood.4 Children with the disorder are at greater risk for longer term negative outcomes, such as lower educational and employment attainment.5 A vital consideration in the effective treatment of ADHD is how the disorder affects the daily lives of children, young people, and their families. Indeed, it is not sufficient to merely consider ADHD symptoms during school hours—a thorough examination of the disorder should take into account the functioning and wellbeing of the entire family.

As children with ADHD get older, the way the disorder impacts upon them and their families changes (fig 1⇓). The core difficulties in executive function seen in ADHD7 result in a different picture in later life, depending upon the demands made on the individual by their environment. This varies with family and school resources, as well as with age, cognitive ability, and insight of the child or young person. An environment that is sensitive to the needs of an individual with ADHD and aware of the implications of the disorder is vital. Optimal medical and behavioural management is aimed at supporting the individual with ADHD and allowing them to achieve their full potential while minimising adverse effects on themselves and society as a whole.

How Does ADHD Affect Overall Health?

ADHD & Sleep:

Why So Many Night Owls Have ADHD

Delayed sleep phase syndrome, defined by irregular sleep-wake patterns and thought of as a circadian rhythm disorder, is common in ADHD. The ADHD brain takes longer — about an hour longer on average (remember, that’s just an average) — to fall asleep than does the non-ADHD brain. That’s why it’s not uncommon for us to stay up late at night, and regret it in the morning.

Poor-Quality Sleep Worsens ADHD Symptoms

Suffering a sleep deficit with ADHD is like waking up to ADHD times two — or five. Lack of sleep slows a person’s response time, processing speed, and decision-making. We’re not as alert or as focused when we’re tired. We become crabby and inflexible. We imitate three of the Seven Dwarfs: Dopey, Sleepy, and Grumpy. Lack of sleep is a self-fulfilling prophecy; it only continues to throw our circadian rhythm off kilter and cause more dysregulated sleep.

ADHD & Nutrition and Eating Habits

Why ADHD Brains Chase Dopamine

The dopamine-deficient ADHD brain seeks this chemical in many places, from tobacco to junk food. Caffeine also boosts dopamine levels in the brain. And it’s always tempting to reach for simple carbs, since they rapidly break down into sugar and stimulate dopamine release.

ADHD Symptoms Influence Eating Behaviors

Symptoms like impulsivity and inattention easily invite dysregulated eating, which may lead to unintended weight gain. In fact, studies link ADHD to excess weight and obesity5 — which is linked to other conditions ranging from fatty liver, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome. Relatedly, research also links ADHD to Type 2 diabetes.

Are Other Health Conditions Linked to ADHD?

From autoimmune diseases and skin conditions to hypermobility and pulmonary disease, a string of other health conditions have been linked to ADHD. Take a moment to think about how ADHD impacts your diet, health, and overall wellness.

How Does ADHD Affect Education and Careers?

Adverse School Experiences with ADHD Are Common

Our experiences in school often foreshadow our careers and other aspects of our lives. Did ADHD prevent you from graduating high school or from enrolling in or finishing college, as it did for so many of us? Or did ADHD help you excel in school? Did you have to navigate school with a learning difference like dyslexia or dysgraphia, as 45% of children with ADHD do?

What Is ADHD?

ADHD stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It’s caused by brain differences that affect attention and behavior in set ways. For example, people with ADHD are more easily distracted than people who don’t have it. ADHD can make it harder to focus, listen well, wait, or take your time.

Having ADHD affects a person at school, at home, and with friends.

The signs of ADHD start early in childhood. But some people don’t find out they have it until they are older. It all depends on when ADHD keeps them from doing well, and when they see a doctor about it.

No matter when a person finds out they have ADHD, the right treatment can help them do better in all parts of their life. Having great support from parents, teachers, and friends helps too.

What Are the Signs of ADHD?

People with ADHD might:

have trouble listening and paying attention

need lots of reminders to do things

get distracted easily

seem absent-minded

be disorganized and lose things

not sit still, wait their turn, or be patient

rush through homework or other tasks or make careless mistakes

interrupt a lot, and talk or call out answers in class

do things they shouldn't, even though they know better

get upset easily

feel restless, fidgety, frustrated, and bored

Teachers will notice signs like these in the classroom. And parents will notice signs like these at home. You may notice signs like these in yourself. If you do, talk to a parent or teacher about it.

Share this information and articles to your uneducated parents. They need to understand and know how this disorder affects daily life. And it’s also genetic. So if you have ADHD, I’m sure your parents might too.

I hope this can help you and your parents. Thank you for the inbox. I hope you have a wonderful day/night. ♥️

#inbox #inbox reply #inbox is open #long post

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handforthstudy · 1 year

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Why Is It Hard To Focus With ADHD?

Summary

ADHD affects focus by disrupting regulation within the brain's networks.

The Default Mode Network (DMN) activates during rest or daydreaming but is normally turned off when concentrating.

The thalamus regulates and coordinates information between the brain’s network.

In ADHD, regulation from the thalamus is weakened and the DMN remains active even during tasks, leading to distractions.

Medications like Ritalin may enhance the thalamus’ ability to regulate the DMN activity

Self-monitoring strategies, such as setting timers or using audio cues, help individuals refocus attention during tasks without trying to prevent DMN intrusions.

Introduction

This was an assignment I worked on for my Master's of Education that I thought other's might benefit from (and Tumblr specifically would be interested in). The goal was to create a handout that our students could use to understand behaviour, so I targeted this at my high school biology students.

Standard disclaimer that ADHD (which I don't have but have something close to it) is a complex system within the brain. We don't fully understand it. This is just a glimpse into one of many facets of the disorder.

Brain Networks

Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder is a complicated condition whose biology is not fully understood. In High School, we often describe brain functions as being based in the cerebral lobes, but this is not the full truth. In reality, the brain is made up of a series of networks that are in constant communication with each other. By sending signals back and forth along various networks, the brain creates the behaviours of all humans and many animals. It is currently believed that ADHD is partially the result of miscommunications within these networks (Fassbender et al 2009; Rubia, 2018).

The Default Mode Network

One network within the brain is the Default Mode Network (DMN), which takes control when the brain doesn’t have anything to focus on, such as when the body is at rest or the mind is wandering (Fassbender et al, 2009). The DMN is largely based in the medial regions of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes, where the left and right hemispheres face each other (Fassbender et al 2009; Cunningham et al, 2017; Rubia, 2018). While the workings of this network aren’t fully understood, it is believed to be involved in making connections between unrelated memories. This is the basis of reflection and self-awareness, allowing the brain to see patterns across past events, as well as predict what may happen in the future (Cunningham et al, 2017; Li et al, 2021; Schwabe et al, 2022).

Image from Neuroscientifically Challenged, who also have a great article on the DMN

Attention Shifting

Normally, the DMN is only active when the brain is at rest. When the brain has something to focus on, the DMN deactivates and another neural network takes its place (Fassbender et al, 2009). If the brain needs to focus on a particular task, the Executive Control Network takes over, directing the brain to do that specific job. If an environmental stimulus catches the brain’s attention, the Salience Network takes over instead, prompting the brain to evaluate if it is interesting or dangerous (Schwabe et al, 2022). In both cases, regions of DMN become less active, which means the network isn’t as effective at doing its job. This may sound like a bad thing, but it is actually very good. It allows the brain to focus on the task at hand and makes it much less likely that random, unrelated thoughts will intrude when a person is trying to concentrate.

The DMN & ADHD

The mind wanders when the DMN is active and able to look for connections between memories and in most people, this happens when the brain is not occupied. In a classroom or work setting, this means they only start daydreaming when they aren’t engaged by what they are doing and stop paying attention to it. While this can happen to people with ADHD, it is not always true. In ADHD, the DMN does not fully deactivate when other networks in the brain take over. Instead, portions in the frontal and parietal lobes remain active (Fassbender et al, 2009; Christakou, 2013; Rubia, 2018; Salvart et al, 2018). Despite “inattentiveness” being a typical description of students with ADHD, their attention can wander even when they are fully engaged in a task because their DMN is still active. Their distractibility is not a matter of effort or attitude, but the result of contradictory signals within their brain, telling them to pay attention and let their mind wander at the same time.

The Thalamus & ADHD

While it is not always included in the DMN, there is evidence that the thalamus is strongly connected to the network (Cunningham et al, 2017; Li et al, 2021). While the thalamus is usually thought of as a relay for the senses, it is also involved in regulating and coordinating information throughout the brain. The connections allowing that regulation to take place are weakened in cases of ADHD (Qiu et al, 2010). It is possible that those weaker connections mean the signals telling the DMN to deactivate when the brain is trying to focus are not as strong, making it much more difficult.

Why Does Ritalin Help?

Methylphenidate, better known by its brand name Ritalin, is one of the best known ADHD medications. Ritalin is a stimulant, which strengthens signals within the brain, ironically causing the default mode network to be less active. Why this happens is still being studied, but it appears that Ritalin helps stimuli be more attention-grabbing, makes the DMN regulate itself better, and supports the thalamus’ ability to regulate the DMN (Demiral et al, 2018; Santos et al, 2019). Taken together, these effects can help decrease the DMN’s intrusions in a person's thought process, making them less distractible.

Supports

If you struggle with attention due to ADHD, self-monitoring is an effective strategy to help keep yourself on task. The goal with self-monitoring is not to prevent the mind from wandering, but to create awareness of when your mind starts to wander so you can refocus your attention. One common strategy is to set a timer or use another regularly occurring audio cue. When you hear the cue, record on a cue card whether you are on task or off task, then return to the work you are supposed to be doing (Rief, 2016). Pomodoro soundtracks, many of which are available on Spotify and Youtube, would also work with this strategy because they have audio cues every 25 or 50 minutes. This strategy is effective because it doesn’t try to prevent the DMN from intruding, but on refocusing you so you can achieve the goal you have set out to complete.

References

Christakou, A., Murphy, C. M., Chantiluke, K., Cubillo, A. I., Smith, A. B., Giampietro, V., Daly, E., Ecker, C., Robertson, D., Murphy, D. G., & Rubia, K. (2013). Disorder-specific functional abnormalities during sustained attention in youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and with autism. Molecular Psychiatry, 18, 236–244. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2011.185

Cunningham, S. I., Tomasi, D., & Volkow, N. D. (2016). Structural and functional connectivity of the precuneus and thalamus to the default mode network. Human Brain Mapping, 38(2), 938–956. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23429

Demiral, Ş. B., Tomasi, D., Wiers, C. E., Manza, P., Shokri-Kojori, E., Studentsova, Y., Wang, G.-J., & Volkow, N. D. (2018). Methylphenidate’s effects on thalamic metabolism and functional connectivity in cannabis abusers and healthy controls. Neuropsychopharmacology, 44(8), 1389–1397. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-018-0287-2

Fassbender, C., Zhang, H., Buzy, W. M., Cortes, C. R., Mizuiri, D., Beckett, L., & Schweitzer, J. B. (2009). A lack of default network suppression is linked to increased distractibility in ADHD. Brain Research, 1273, 114–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2009.02.070

Li, J., Curley, W. H., Guerin, B., Dougherty, D. D., Dalca, A. V., Fischl, B., Horn, A., & Edlow, B. L. (2021). Mapping the subcortical connectivity of the human default mode network. NeuroImage, 245, 118758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118758

Qiu, M.-guo, Ye, Z., Li, Q.-yu, Liu, G.-jiu, Xie, B., & Wang, J. (2010). Changes of brain structure and function in ADHD children. Brain Topography, 24(3-4), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-010-0168-4

Rief, S. F. (2016). How to reach & teach children & teens with Add/Adhd. Jossey-Bass, a Wiley Brand.

Rubia, K. (2018). Cognitive neuroscience of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its clinical translation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00100

Salavert, J., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Moreno-Alcázar, A., Caseras, X., Palomar, G., Radua, J., Bosch, R., Salvador, R., McKenna, P. J., Casas, M., & Pomarol-Clotet, E. (2015). Functional imaging changes in the medial prefrontal cortex in adult ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 22(7), 679–693. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054715611492

Santos, P. H., Gonçalves, R., & Pedroso, S. (2019). ¿Cómo afecta el metilfenidato al circuito de activación por defecto? Revisión Sistemática. Revista De Neurología, 68(10), 417. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.6810.2018487

Schwabe, L., Hermans, E. J., Joëls, M., & Roozendaal, B. (2022). Mechanisms of memory under stress. Neuron, 110(9), 1450–1467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.02.020

#Neuroeducation #Biology 30 #High school #Biology #Brain #Neurodiversity #ADHD #attention

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aropride · 5 months

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"attention deficit hyperactivity disorder" is such a stupid name for it . at least in my experience id argue that attention deficiency isnt the full problem at all or even half of it . the problem is like. executive dysfunction & motivation deficiency & lack of impulse control & attention + memory + emotional disregulation etc etc etc. and i'd argue the executive functioning is a core piece of the disorder over the attention even. at least for me. they should call it Executive Function and Attention Dysregulation Disorder or something. also they should put me in charge of the world

#text #its bc the attention deficiency and hyperacytivity are the things that inconvenience others by being most visible . imo

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nevermindirah · 4 months

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fic writer interview! thanks @energievie for tagging me as part of your lovely annual tradition! tagging @sindirimba @gaal-dornick @laviejaguardia @sweetwithheatwriting @mongoose-bite @what-alchemy if any of y'all feel like it <3

How many works do you have on AO3?

What’s your total AO3 word count?

268,965

What are your top 5 fics by kudos?

problem solved it's dissolved (my first BoN fic! my first ever smut!) My Bags Are Packed (I'm Not Ready to Go) (my first Nile & Booker fic!) I See Your Eyes Seek a Distant Shore (my 65k BoN epic with like another 10k+ in footnotes) Imagine Your Dessert Platter (cute lil SamSteve au! ahhhhh I love this fic it's aging so well) Seneca Falls Selma and Stonewall (MCU ensemble / stucky, spiritual predecessor to ISYESADS but full of things that in hindsight I would've written very differently)

Do you respond to comments? Why or why not?

always! I love the back-and-forth of comments, on my fics and others'. what a lovely way to get to know people and talk more about our blorbos and learn things about writing. and as much as I love to get wordy in comments, I also treasure the keysmashes and emojis and respond in heartfelt kind.

What’s the fic you’ve written with the angstiest ending?

yeah I don't really do angst

What’s the fic you’ve written with the happiest ending?

any ending where our main characters are in love and getting a good night's rest

Do you write crossovers?

sometimes! I have several crossovers among my wips but I don't seem to have finished any… yet

Have you ever received hate on a fic?

many many years ago on what in retrospect was an undertagged and poorly considered mess of a Spuffy fic

Do you write smut? If so, what kind?

Sure do >:))))))))))))

Have you ever had a fic stolen?

no thank you!

Have you ever had a fic translated?

no but that would be so cool!

Have you ever co-written a fic before?

yeah! a few times now!

What’s your all-time favorite ship?

Book of Nile <3333333333333

What’s a WIP that you want to finish but don’t think you ever will?

Eartha Grit 😭😭😭😭 drag queen Sam Wilson!!! will the planets ever align so that I can finish this? 😭

What are your writing strengths?

I have them! can't think of specific ones right now

What are your writing weaknesses?

various writing skills etc etc but above all EXECUTIVE FUNCTION DEFICIT MY BELOATHED

What are your thoughts on writing dialogue in other languages in a fic?

I have a thousand-word essay in me about this which I may sit down to write and post eventually. short version, the role of "other" languages in my own day to day speech is significantly different from how most characters in fics would experience "switching" languages, and my thoughts on this in fic are changing as I think more about that and where the line is between that and Gratuitous Foreign Language TM

What was the first fandom you wrote for?

Buffy

What’s a fandom/ship you haven’t written for yet but want to?

a certain crossover that has been in my wips for TWO YEARS now! it would be not only my first time writing this ship but the first time anyone has posted this ship to ao3! unless of course someone beats me to it, in which case I will be very enthusiastically 👀 about theirs while continuing to work on my own.

what ship might this be? Meeka/Vincent from Coming 2 America and Disorder respectively >:)

What’s your favorite fic you’ve written

Not a Gentle Laughter continues to be the fic I go back to for comfort. off the charts Jewish Booker feels with a happy ending because BoN are both in love and in political solidarity, so of course it is, you can't get more me than that.

#fandom friends

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brightlotusmoon · 6 months

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Transcript: ADHD can disrupt adult life: Here’s how to own it | The Nation's Health

In addition to producing award-winning news stories, The Nation’s Health lets you hear directly from the people we’re talking to. In this episode, I’ll chat with Russell Barkley. He is a professor of clinical psychiatry at the Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center and a leading author and researcher on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

We will discuss ADHD in adults — what ADHD looks like beyond childhood and implications for public health.

But, before the call, here’s a primer on ADHD.

ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. It shows up in early childhood — and it can exhibit itself in a wide range of ways, but there are three main presentations of ADHD — inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined presentation.

The list of symptoms of ADHD is long. But, to provide some examples — inattentive types may have difficulty sustaining attention or make frequent careless mistakes. Those with hyperactive-impulsive presentation can feel as if they are driven by a motor; they may fidget or have difficulty waiting for their turn in social or classroom settings. It’s also common that someone with ADHD will experience a blend of being hyperactive and being unable to focus.

It’s important to note that everyone will experience some of the symptoms of ADHD at some point or another. When we’re talking about an ADHD diagnosis, a person has to have a number of symptoms that have persisted over time. And it rarely develops beyond adolescence. However, just because a person wasn’t diagnosed as a child does not mean that they have not had the disorder.

And with that, Russell Barkley has joined us.

...

How does ADHD affect adults and children differently?

You have to understand that ADHD is a disorder of self-regulation of the executive functions of the brain. And once you assume that then you know that there’s a 30-year span — at least — over which the prefrontal lobes and their executive functions are likely to be developing. And in young children, you may not see as many of the executive deficits apart from the distractibility, the impulsivity, and maybe the hyperactivity.

But as they get older, we start to see problems with time management. Three-year-olds don’t have to have a sense of time. Thirty-year-olds do. We see problems with self-organization. Self-motivation, emotion regulation and control, among others. So with those...those take time to emerge. And the adults are going to have much more difficulty in those areas and a lot less trouble with hyperactivity and with just inhibition per se.

#actually adhd #dr russell barkley #to rename adhd #cognitive attentive tempo disorder #diagnosed adhd in 2002 #diagnosed autistic in 2013 #born in 1979 #you get the idea #but everything changed when my mentor coined neurodivergence

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hug-your-face · 2 months

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Petition to stop calling it Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

That's a judgement not a description. We don't have a deficit of attention. Sometimes we have too much. Sometimes our attention is not where they want it to be.

What we have is a disorder of the Executive function.

Petition to start calling it eXecutive Disorder.

#XD #😆#adhd #adhd stuff #actually adhd

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cpotterphotos · 1 year

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Did you know that ADHD can also affect adults? This book provides practical information and tips for managing ADHD symptoms and living a fuller life.

Get it now on Amazon. The book will be free until 04/21.

Link: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0C24Q1GLS

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disabledbutchblues · 8 months

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I’m Loïs. I go by he/him and ze/hir, I am a trans butch lesbian. I’m disabled. I’m white. main blog is @transbutchbluess

• I am autistic : probably lower-middle support needs ? I need help with all iADLs but no bADLs (aside from prompts to take care of my hygiene). I struggle with executive dysfunction and potentially mild to moderate autistic catatonia. my symptoms of restricted & repetitive behaviors (criterion B in DSM) are the most obvious and disabling. I know things logically and theoretically and apparently have good intellectual abilities but can’t apply them / function. I get stuck a lot. tasks and life are very hard. I am not independent at all.

• My body is weak and I might be physically disabled. I have orthostatic hypotension. I am still in the process of trying to have appointments to figure out if I might have hEDS and other disorders like POTS or fibromyalgia. I use a cane outside my house, and I need to rest and sit down quite often, as I am often in pain and always exhausted.

• I have ADHD (severe attention deficit, moderate hyperactivity). I am diagnosed with severe depression, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety. I struggle with derealization and depersonalization. I am in ED recovery (I do not post any triggering content about food/ED. I am far in my recovery). I am more than a year clean from self harm (I do not count harmful stims in this). I had OCD as a child and still have some remaining symptoms.

• my caregiver is my mother. she does her best I think but doesn’t understand a lot of my struggles and gets angry a lot. I’m still figuring out what accommodations and support I need.

I will mostly use this blog to talk about disability and queerness. also things about me and my life that don’t fit on my other blog. I am trying to learn more about the disabled community and especially people with higher support needs than me and/or physical disabilities.

even if I am good with (written/verbal) communication, I still struggle with it. sometimes it’s easier for me not to use full sentences, to skip words, things like that. it makes more sense for my brain. if it’s not understandable you can ask me to reformulate. I will likely be able to (privilege. don’t expect everyone to be able to do that. I can and am lucky). but it’s harder for my brain so when I need to talk "less correctly" I allow myself to, especially online, to keep the little energy I have for when I really need it.

I lack empathy, especially emotional empathy, but that doesn’t stop me from caring about human rights and being angry when I see horrible people discriminating others. I am not less human, less worthy, an abuser or anything like that just because I do not understand people’s feelings and do not always care about other individuals.

dni : ableist, homophobic, transphobic, terf, racist, antisemitist, all forms of discrimination, uses the label asp*rger, believes in narc abuse / any cluster b abuse, thinks not having empathy means being an abuser, thinks being mentally disabled allows them to talk over physically disabled people and/or to call themselves c-punk, doesn’t respect people with intellectual disabilities, tries to separate themselves from people with higher support needs or to talk over them.

things i like : queer history, queer culture, antiquity, hellenic polytheism / ancient greek religion, art, music (hozier, mitski, ethel cain, florence + the machine,…), reading, the locked tomb series, ocean vuong’s books, poetry, good omens, learning about disability and health,…

#disability #queerness #disabled #trans #autistic #actuallyautistic #autism #support needs #chronic pain

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