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#cognitive research
informationatlas · 1 month
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Dogs may ‘picture’ objects in their minds, similarly to people
Researchers used EEG testing to measure brain waves in dogs and found evidence suggesting that dogs can differentiate between words for different objects. The study indicates that dogs may have the ability to understand words and their corresponding objects, similar to how humans do. This research sheds light on canine cognition and language learning, showing that dogs may have some level of language comprehension. The study highlights the unique communication abilities of dogs and other animals, providing insight into the evolution of language.
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bignosebaby · 9 months
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Kanzi the bonobo is now a gamer!
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YouTuber ChrisDaCow reached out to the Des Moines’ Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative where Kanzi and his bonobo family live. For decades Kanzi has demonstrated proficency in learning tasks and understanding human language, and his introduction to Minecraft adds to human study as well as Kanzi's enrichment.
Kanzi started by familiarizing himself with the game, using arrows to point to loot on the ground. Over time, Kanzi learned to tap the center of a touchscreen to move forward and touch the sides to turn and look around.
Kanzi gets rewarded for his achievements with his favorite snacks, such as peanuts, grapes, and apples. Kanzi not only enjoys playing Minecraft but also when people play with him.
Watch the video here! A fundraiser is included to build new outdoor play areas for the bonobos. They have already raised 10 thousand dollars and are planning another video about Kanzi's Minecraft world.
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compneuropapers · 3 months
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Interesting Reviews for Week 4, 2024
Cognition from the Body-Brain Partnership: Exaptation of Memory. Buzsáki, G., & Tingley, D. (2023). Annual Review of Neuroscience, 46(1), 191–210.
Prefrontal Cortical Control of Anxiety: Recent Advances. Mack, N. R., Deng, S., Yang, S.-S., Shu, Y., & Gao, W.-J. (2023). The Neuroscientist, 29(4), 488–505.
Neural Circuits for Emotion. Malezieux, M., Klein, A. S., & Gogolla, N. (2023). Annual Review of Neuroscience, 46(1), 211–231.
Recent Insights on Glutamatergic Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease and Therapeutic Implications. Pinky, P. D., Pfitzer, J. C., Senfeld, J., Hong, H., Bhattacharya, S., Suppiramaniam, V., … Reed, M. N. (2023). The Neuroscientist, 29(4), 461–471.
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fumblebeefae · 2 years
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I Got To Meet THE Irene Pepperbreg.
Over the last month I was accepted into the Diverse Intelligences Summer Institute, bringing a range of cognitive scientists and artists together. This year in St.Andrew's Scotland.
One of the faculty we had the privilege to hear from was Irene Pepperberg, a legend in the animal cognition world. She is known for her work in animal cognition with African Grey parrots, but most notably with a single parrot named Alex.
Reading Irene's books were a big reason I wanted to pursue animal cognition. It was amazing being able to meet her and thank her personally. She is an amazing scientist, with her research being the perfect example of how important a well designed experiment is.
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uncanny-tranny · 6 months
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how old were you when you started testosterone? i want to start before i’m 18 so i don’t have to deal with that while applying to/starting college. i want to have it all figured out by the time i leave home. i thought 16 would be a good age because i also want to start while i’m in high school so i can catch up to the other boys and pass better. but my mom has been reading studies and she says it interrupts brain development and doesn’t want me starting hormones until i’m at least 18. but i don’t know if i can make it that long and i really don’t want to have to wait.
I started when I was an adult since it can be simpler, so I don't know on that end if it will be easy for you.
However, it is odd to me to say it will interrupt brain development as though hormones can stop your brain's development. Your brain will still develop, and indeed, it will continue to do so even after you are over eighteen. I won't contest that hormones might alter your brain in the way it responds to stimuli, but it won't be stunted. Like... you've already got testosterone in your body, and what HRT does it raise those levels to what is more "typical" as if you were a cisgender, perisex (i.e., not intersex) man.
Here's a 2020 metastudy I found about this if you want to read on your own, which includes studies done on those seeking both testosterone and estrogen treatment.
Much of these discussions are hindered by small sample sizes. However, with data, it seems as though hormone treatment isn't drastically reducing cognitive abilities, as much as I've seen people act as though it does. Your brain will continue to develop well after any puberty because that's what brains do. Hormones can surely influence your brain, but it is not like it will kill it.
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Pls reblog for sample size, folks!
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void-damned · 1 year
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Thoughts on the marking process. When do you think the other marked except Corvo and Emily got the mark of the outsider?
Thoughts? I have a lot of those!
First of all, the Outsider gives his Mark to people who seem to be at a low point in their life and who possess the drive and the opportunity to cause change in the world. But not all live up to those expectations - the Outsider seeks interest but as we all know, the paths are endless and they are not linear. Where Fate shall ultimately take his Marked is unknown. And he seems quite fond of gambling with that, high risk-high reward style.
We know of Marked like Corvo, Emily, Daud, and Delilah, all who caused great ruckus in the world, whose paths diverge and converge, change with the slightest actions. But their impact is felt heavily.
We know of Marked, who merely are, who might have had potential but became quite dull or too much, such as Granny Rags.
But we also know of Marked who had barely stirred much talk if any at all. I would say that the Lonely Rat Boy is one of them but I also like to think that he might have contributed to the spread of the plague. Others are barely mentioned.
Chronologically, we can speak of an almost clear timeline, actually:
(Potentially Daud's mother, who would have been marked circa 1790 before Daud's birth)
The Unknown rune-carving woman, marked c. 1800—3
Vera Moray, neé Dbhghoill, marked c. 1807—10
Daud, marked c. 1820
Delilah Kaldwin, born Copperspoon, marked 1831
The Lonely Rat Boy, marked 1835
Corvo Attano, marked 1837
Emily Kaldwin, marked 1852
Another potentially marked person, who'd have been marked around the same time as either Corvo or the Lonely Rat Boy, is one of the noble attendees of the Boyle party in DH1. If you point the Heart at the woman (chosen at random by RNG, I believe), the Heart tells you this:
"She had to dismiss the maid-servant who saw the Mark of the Outsider, branded on her back."
Either we are talking about the real thing or perhaps, as the gossip around the party went, someone who'd worshipped and prayed to the Outsider, enough to brand themselves as Zhukov and the Cultists did.
In any case, all years are more or less confirmed - however, we do not have much info on the when-circumstances other than Corvo and Emily. Vera, according to the Dunwall Archives, had been marked on her journey to Pandyssia, seeking the occult and religious practices native to the lands. We can only wonder just what she had witnessed and how the Outsider eventually approached her but whatever she went through, and whatever she saw, came at the cost of her vision and kickstarted her instability and steady decline into madness. With how men had begged for her, she might have had the potential to unmake the entire Empire. And wouldn't that be fun to watch? (But Vera had strayed from her path.)
Daud is said to have been marked after scouring the Isles and seeking out the Outsider's shrines. If there was ever any obsession, I would say it was the yearning for power and wishing for survival, yet with craving for blood - Daud had been a mercenary for hire since his young age. Who's to say that what ultimately lead to Jessamine's death wasn't a part of his resentment and thirst for revenge after what had been done to him as a child? He had inadvertently set things into motion but came to regret his actions - maybe he had realised he had become someone who he had fought his whole life against.
Delilah was at her worst. Young and so full of anger and despair. 'He came to us in 1831,' she whispers to you. She begun her apprenticeship under Sokolov in 1828 but perhaps the Outsider's Mark was the last push she needed (or maybe he merely wanted to spite Sokolov by marking her, who knows) - she learnt how to weave the Void into her art to get what she wants. The life she was always promised. And one she would make real one day, through the blood of her blood and flesh of her flesh. Even if it meant destroying everything in her path.
The Lonely Rat Boy was marked at the beginning of the plague. Of course he would be the target of all the adults who had immediately written him off for death. Another case of being wronged and being angry, of seeing revenge. And survival. But the boy had burned through his gifts immediately and paid the price too soon.
And the rest, we can only hypothetise as there are no accounts other than the bone-carving woman whose son's journal we get to read. Her story was of survival too, of running away from the Abbeymen that had pursued them.
The Outsider really is just someone tapping at the glass surface separating the waking world and the Void, like it is merely water surface and he (and his Marked) is creating ripples. To see what will happen and what people are capable of. Whatever happens, happens. He's there just to observe the human nature and how power shapes men when they are given access to it.
(And what of Morris Sullivan, you might ask? I believe his teacher, Vera, had merely shared some power with him in the same way Daud shared his through an Arcane Bond or Delilah had. But we can see him being immune to Bend Time, which oof.)
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As the national security workforce ages, dementia impacting U.S. officials poses a threat to national security, according to a first-of-its-kind study by a Pentagon-funded think tank. The report, released this spring, came as several prominent U.S. officials trusted with some of the nation’s most highly classified intelligence experienced public lapses, stoking calls for resignations and debate about Washington’s aging leadership.
Sen. Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., who had a second freezing episode last month, enjoys the most privileged access to classified information of anyone in Congress as a member of the so-called Gang of Eight congressional leadership. Ninety-year-old Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., whose decline has seen her confused about how to vote and experiencing memory lapses — forgetting conversations and not recalling a monthslong absence — was for years a member of the Gang of Eight and remains a member of the Senate Intelligence Committee, on which she has served since 2001.
The study, published by the RAND Corporation’s National Security Research Division in April, identifies individuals with both current and former access to classified material who develop dementia as threats to national security, citing the possibility that they may unwittingly disclose government secrets.
“Individuals who hold or held a security clearance and handled classified material could become a security threat if they develop dementia and unwittingly share government secrets,” the study says.
As the study notes, there does not appear to be any other publicly available research into dementia, an umbrella term for the loss of cognitive functioning, despite the fact that Americans are living longer than ever before and that the researchers were able to identify several cases in which senior intelligence officials died of Alzheimer’s disease, a progressive brain disorder and the most common cause of dementia.
“As people live longer and retire later, challenges associated with cognitive impairment in the workplace will need to be addressed,” the report says. “Our limited research suggests this concern is an emerging security blind spot.”
Most holders of security clearances, a ballooning class of officials and other bureaucrats with access to secret government information, are subject to rigorous and invasive vetting procedures. Applying for a clearance can mean hourslong polygraph tests; character interviews with old teachers, friends, and neighbors; and ongoing automated monitoring of their bank accounts and other personal information. As one senior Pentagon official who oversees such a program told me of people who enter the intelligence bureaucracy, “You basically give up your Fourth Amendment rights.”
Yet, as the authors of the RAND report note, there does not appear to be any vetting for age-related cognitive decline. In fact, the director of national intelligence’s directive on continuous evaluation contains no mention of age or cognitive decline.
While the study doesn’t mention any U.S. officials by name, its timing comes amid a simmering debate about gerontocracy: rule by the elderly. Following McConnell’s first freezing episode, in July, Google searches for the term “gerontocracy” spiked.
“The President called to check on me,” McConnell said when asked about the first episode. “I told him I got sandbagged,” he quipped, referring to President Joe Biden’s trip-and-fall incident during a June graduation ceremony at the U.S. Air Force Academy in Colorado, which sparked conservative criticisms about the 80-year-old’s own functioning.
While likely an attempt by McConnell at deflecting from his lapse, Biden’s age has emerged as a clear concern to voters, including Democrats. 69% of Democrats say Biden is “too old to effectively serve” another term, an Associated Press-NORC poll found last month. The findings were echoed by a CNN poll released last week that found that 67% of Democrats said the party should nominate someone else, with 49% directly mentioning Biden’s age as their biggest concern.
As Commander In Chief, the President is the nation’s ultimate classification authority, with the extraordinary power to classify and declassify information broadly. No other American has as privileged access to classified information as the president.
The U.S.’s current leadership is not only the oldest in history, but also the number of older people in Congress has grown dramatically in recent years. In 1981, only 4% of Congress was over the age of 70. By 2022, that number had spiked to 23%.
In 2017, Vox reported that a pharmacist had filled Alzheimer’s prescriptions for multiple members of Congress. With little incentive for an elected official to disclose such an illness, it is difficult to know just how pervasive the problem is. Feinstein’s retinue of staffers have for years sought to conceal her decline, having established a system to prevent her from walking the halls of Congress alone and risk having an unsupervised interaction with a reporter.
Despite the public controversy, there’s little indication that any officials will resign — or choose not to seek reelection.
After years of speculation about her retirement, 83-year-old Speaker Emerita Rep. Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., stunned observers when she announced on Friday that she would run for reelection, seeking her 19th term.
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geometrymatters · 1 year
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Some community parks are square, reflecting the city block where they are located — but irregularly shaped parks reduce the mortality risk of residents who live nearby, according to a study conducted by Huaquing Wang, a Ph.D. student in Urban and Regional Sciences, and Lou Tassinary, professor of visualization.
“Nearly all studies investigating the effects of natural environments on human health are focused on the amount of a community’s green space,” said the scholars in a paper describing their project. “We found that the shape or form of green space has an important role in this association.”
Wang and Tassinary conducted statistical studies on Philadelphia land cover data in order to examine the relationships between landscape spatial indicators and health outcomes. Residents in census tracts with more linked, aggregated, and complex-shaped greenspaces had a reduced mortality risk, according to the researchers.
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oraclememehacker · 3 months
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"Here we are Futaba dear, Inaba." The two were in the train station after a long ride from Yokohama to here. Wakaba was here for work related reasons and because Sojiro was going to be busy with his own work, she had no choice but to bring Futaba with her. It wasn't ideal, but she trusted her daughter to behave whilst they were out in a new, unfamiliar place. Plus, compared to home, this area was a lot less densely populated.
Now it was time to head to their place that they were staying at. Work got her hooked up with a place called the Amagi Inn. Apparently it was the premiere tourist destination and a really good place to stay in general. And had a hot springs, which sounded lovely. She hadn't gone to a hot spring in quite some time, and maybe Futaba could experience it for the first time.
They were going through the central shopping district on their way to the Inn, Futaba saw that there was a bookstore there and immediately became enamored. There was a place that she could go! She knew that they had to check in at the Inn but she really wanted to take a quick look in the bookstore. She had some money to spend and maybe she could get a book or two.
After a bit of pleading, Wakaba would eventually relent. However, as Futaba was making her way there, she bumped into a kid. That kid? Ren. It was an honest accident, since she had been so tunnel visioned by the prospect of books that she didn't pay as much attention as she should've. She pushed herself up and helped the other kid up, since that was only the nice thing to do, before looking all shy. "Um...hi..."
@silver-strings-of-fate
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eternalflashh · 9 months
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nahida, irminsul, and representations of cognition throughout: an analysis
As the god of wisdom, it is probably intuitive that Lesser Lord Kusanali is depicted as someone omniscient, uber wise, indomitable in logic and without flaw of reasoning. More often than not, though, throughout the archon quest and story quests, we have been shown some of her shortcomings, from her lack of knowledge in certain aspects, and her susceptibility to certain forms of trickery. In this brief analysis we discuss aspects of human cognition and learning, and compare them to aspects from the story, providing evidence for the contrary—that, perhaps, there is no better representation of wisdom in the challenging nature of Teyvat than a god like her.
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(Note: I do not claim to be any sort of expert in the topics I discuss here; this is merely a subjective analysis based on what I've learned of cognitive psychology and observed in canon. And, as with everything else I do, I did this simply because I was bored and I like overthinking things. Read at your own discretion.)
To me, Nahida, Irminsul, and Sumeru's stories are almost like this… super well crafted personification of working human intelligence itself. On a larger, fantastical scale, of course.
We know that the Irminsul is Teyvat’s repository of information—basically the brain. We know that Nahida is a branch of Irminsul, a part of that brain. And, well, this “brain” is actually represented in ways that are almost quite realistic, in many senses.
For starters: one of the most important functions of the brain is that it acquires information—that it learns. It accumulates knowledge, and while neurons do break down (and are not easily replaced, if ever), information is actually quite robust and does not “disappear” easily, besides the natural decay of time. There have been cases where people have lost part of their brains to accidents, yet retain their memories and even cognitive functions intact—the brain is actually far more malleable than one may think.
And in fact, you don’t “unlearn” things. You can’t “remove” things from your mind as easily as you imagine it—most of the time, when you “unlearn” or “extinguish” something, you really are just learning a new association that counters the old one. This new association takes time to develop, and spontaneous recovery often occurs—it takes time to “unlearn” something, or to “relearn” concepts. In life, we often have to correct our false preconceptions (not just in science!) and adapt to an ever-changing world—this constant process of unlearning and relearning and correcting is, essentially, what makes us “wiser”—the more we know, the more we understand. It is a constant growth of the mind. 
Nahida, then, being the deity of wisdom who rules over all knowledge, is a form of being where regular learning processes in cognition are essentially amplified: there is no normal degradation of “memory” (as things are stored in Irminsul reliably); there is no loss of information, and yet Nahida is still able to learn new concepts and understand how they relate to the old ones, revise her understanding based on most recent evidence or events. Basically, she learns quicker than mortals with minimal risk of decay; she is a god, this element of hers (arguably) understandably exists. 
But we also know: Irminsul itself is not perfect. We know that memories of Irminsul have, indeed, been deleted or altered. Of course this could easily be chalked up to the fantasy aspect outside of the analogy, but this could still be explained in terms of regular brain anomalies. Deleted memories could be analogous to memory loss in a sense (anterograde amnesia, cf. retrograde amnesia), while altered memories are, in fact, pretty common in real life—perhaps even more so than memory loss, for various reasons pertaining to heuristics, bias, and preconceptions—even though we tend to not realize it at all, unlike the glaring effects of memory loss.
Putting aside the why’s and how’s for now, memory loss is typically more noticeable than altered memory, but either way, the brain can actually accommodate for memory losses/alterations by bending to fit the “narrative” they previously had. The brain doesn’t like inconsistencies and gaps—it will try to explain something in the most coherent way possible with whatever available facts, which is actually a helpful adaptation to have in case we cannot obtain every piece of data we need. (The phenomenon is most common in terms of visual gaps, but is also prevalent with other senses and also with memory. For more, look up constancy bias.) Though, of course, in the case of memory loss or alteration, this isn’t necessarily a good thing. But in fact, this is what Irminsul does—it restructures itself accordingly with what facts are available, constructing a “coherent” narrative that, as we know, is false.
From this, we’ll be branching out to two points. The first is that Nahida’s existence aligns with this analogy in the sense that the removal of knowledge from Irminsul (of which she is an avatar of) is representative of the “weakening” or “shrinking” of the brain. As mentioned previously, this is not in the physical sense, for the case of the brain—but because Nahida is the physical representation of the abstract brain, then it makes sense that she shrunk during the eradication of forbidden knowledge. She lost all that knowledge gained—it would have mean her “growth” and “learning” has essentially reverted, hence she returns to a “younger” form of who she once was (see Nahida’s 2nd SQ) (though in act 5 of the AQ, it was Rukkhadevata splicing a branch off Irminsul itself, the image still stands that what’s left of the knowledge once forbidden knowledge has been taken away is not much). 
Now what, exactly, forbidden knowledge is, we don’t know yet, but how it affects the brain would not be so much of a mystery—there are pieces of insightful or revolutionary findings that can influence plenty of one’s beliefs, or the way one sees and interprets the world, which would then change the way one process information and generates new thoughts in turn. For example, imagine that one day you wake up with the existence of “blue” gone from your mind. Nothing is blue to you—things that you would once call blue will look greenish-yellow to you, even the feeling of “blue” will simply be called “depressed”, or something else, but nothing in the world will be blue to you. That simple “removal” can change a lot of things from how you perceive to how you describe, which is why the effects of removing forbidden knowledge can take a huge toll, or at least a huge change, on Irminsul—hence the big metaphorical brain, hence Rukkhadevata, hence Nahida.
And second, what happened to “Irminsul” being perfect? We cannot call Irminsul a repository of “perfect” knowledge, i.e., that every information it contains is true to the core, because we know the information stored in Irminsul is faulty and malleable. In fact, Irminsul being “perfect” is with respect to its functionality as a brain, as a system. Theoretically, when exposed to true information, a perfect brain should contain only true information. But we know there are forces beyond Teyvat, ones that Irminsul inherently can’t capture/perceive (e.g. the twins). It’s like us not being able to understand a dolphin’s cries, or the color vision of a shrimp, or anything beyond three-dimensional vision—this is inherently the nature of Irminsul itself to not capture that information (with exceptions I'll come to later). Irminsul is still an essentially “perfect” functioning brain, but inherently not designed to capture that beyond its scope. Which then would make sense why it can be altered or robbed of memories in such a way that it would not “break”—it can self-regenerate, it can still function brilliantly. It thinks it functioning perfectly fine means it’s still intact, when in fact, it has been contaminated with false information without it even realizing.
Back again: this is very much like the brain, like human cognition. Because rational humans make judgment based on the available facts, this becomes a problem when your facts are wrong. Usually, with humans, there is a degree of confidence to which you would know whether what you know is right—but if you have a “perfect” brain like Nahida theoretically does, or at least a very highly functioning one, you would have little reason to question your brain. And that, is in fact, her pitfall.
As we've seen from Nahida's second story quest, because she doesn’t have all the facts, she has to make do with what she knows. And she still does that sufficiently, as her godly capabilities should allow. But she also makes decisions that quite mirror her old ones: wanting to eradicate the remnants of forbidden knowledge herself, willing to lose her power and revert her own evolution in favor of apep’s health. One would not make the same decisions if they’ve learned the catastrophic price for it—Nahida is, alas, uninformed now, so she proceeds to make the same mistakes. If it weren’t for the traveler, Nahida would have so easily fallen into the same rabbit hole again; this is what happens when you “erase” memories, or revert time—you are only bound to repeat old mistakes. 
Here I’d also like to briefly mention that because the traveler did not have a good justification for stopping Nahida (they couldn’t, after all), it’s likely that Nahida would not “learn” why this was a bad idea, if not out of sole trust. As in, without the traveler’s continuous intervention, it is highly likely she would fall into this pitfall of her old mistakes one day… or would she?
Aside from her and Irminsul’s story being a very nicely fitting metaphor to the brain, she actually also represents cognitive strategies very well in her speech & personality, which solidifies in the metaphor very neatly. One major thing I'd like to point out is her constant use of analogy—which may sound like a gimmick or just a random personality trait. But in fact, in cognitive research, analogical reasoning has been shown to be a robust predictor of effective learning and success. So the fact that she often spits out seemingly random analogies out of nowhere isn’t just a random trait, but rather, a sign that she is constantly abstracting commonalities between distinct phenomena and learning about them effectively (in contrast to rote memorization). 
This is, in fact, an incredibly important thing—as you might’ve already realized—because it combats the dependence on memorization, which we’ve seen is a problem given the inherent state of Irminsul and malleable memory! And we’ve seen these analogies play a very important factor in the progression of the AQs and SQs, like when she transcribed the truth about Scaramouche/Wanderer in form of a fairytale to preserve it from being lost to the void, or how forbidden knowledge was altered into a different form—the oozing stuff in the Chasm. This is such an important aspect of Nahida’s character because it shows that she understands that the power of transformation or abstraction transcends that of simple mass erasure, and can be used as a manner of preservation. Quite literally, the power of analogy was used to show Nahida’s expertise not only through merely being knowledgeable, but also through creativity, just as its role is in the world.
And most importantly, it does imply that she realizes the shortcomings of her “brain” aka Irminsul. (I hypothesize it’s either an effect of her memory loss (memloss on a wide scale, like retrograde amnesia, would show “loss” effects instead of adaptation, like the symptoms Nahida exhibited) or Dottore’s intervention of telling her about false skies, that makes her realize how much she doesn’t know.) Perhaps this, even, is what Rukkhadevata meant when she said “you will be a better archon than I”, because she already has ways of overcoming these past cognitive flaws as well. This—this realization that your brain can be functioning perfectly and still be flawed, exactly because of its perfect nature—this is the invisible yet solid distinction between being knowledgeable and being wise. And this is why Nahida is the god of wisdom, rather than just a library that contains every information in the world.
In sum: Irminsul and Nahida is a really nice representation, whether intentional or just by pure coincidence and overreach on my part, of a "perfect" functioning brain in a world of unreliable information, and Nahida's ability to abstract hidden symbols to preserve truths addresses this issue quite admirably. All of this nicely manifests in Nahida through little quirks that may be overlooked, but (I suspect) may be very significant to her character and the development of the future plot. Thank you I am Done
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tomorrowusa · 8 months
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ProTip: When you're a cognitively impaired self-proclaimed "stable genius", it's not a good idea to accuse others of being cognitively impaired.
Donald Trump essentially created raw material for an ad for Democrats at his speech at the Family Research Council.
In his latest gaffe-laden speech, Donald Trump appeared to suggest former President Barack Obama was running in 2024 as he warned that “cognitively impaired” President Joe Biden could lead the country into “World War Two” if he wins re-election. During his remarks at the Washington DC Pray Vote Stand Summit on Friday, the former president said: “We have a man who is totally corrupt and the worst president in the history of our country, who is cognitively impaired, in no condition to lead, and is now in charge of dealing with Russia and possible nuclear war.” “Just think of it. We would be in World War Two very quickly if we’re going to be relying on this man, and far more devastating than any war,” he continued as dramatic music swelled in the background.
Maybe if Trump attended his history classes instead of cutting class to steal ketchup packets from McDonald's he'd know that World War II was started by his fascist icons in Europe.
Of course Trump was attempting to act as a mouthpiece for his overlord, the "savvy genius" Vladimir Putin – but botched the line.
Let's not overlook Trump's hilarious unforced error in the same speech.
The former president said he was beating Mr Obama, the 44th president, in the 2024 election polls and then appeared to suggest he had beaten him in 2016 before correcting himself that his opponent then was Hillary Clinton.
Are you really beating somebody if that person isn't even running against you? 😆
Republicans and Russian meme makers want Americans to focus on Biden's age while ignoring Trump's mental unfitness – as well as HIS age. It's time to quit being defensive and go on the attack.
If you see or hear any reference to Biden's age in the news media when, in the same story Trump's age or fitness are being ignored, it's a good idea to contact that organization and ask why they are being so obviously one-sided.
Trump's dementia challenge: Fear of Alzheimer's has him scrambling
Oh, and isn't somebody who throws food around and has temper tantrums more likely to start a nuclear war?
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p5x-theories · 4 months
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Everyone keeps suggesting that Sojiro not owning LeBlanc means something bad happened to him but it could always mean that Wakaba never died in this universe
Haha, yeah! If we assume there really are counterparts to every P5 character in P5X's universe that have just lived different lives, the butterfly effect becomes super apparently really quickly: Goro Akechi lived a different life, which inherently means Shido, Joker, Okumura, Haru, Maruki, Wakaba, Sojiro, and Futaba's lives would all look pretty different right now, too.
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compneuropapers · 9 months
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Interesting Papers for Week 30, 2023
Adult-born neurons inhibit developmentally-born neurons during spatial learning. Ash, A. M., Regele-Blasco, E., Seib, D. R., Chahley, E., Skelton, P. D., Luikart, B. W., & Snyder, J. S. (2023). Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 198, 107710.
Behavioral origin of sound-evoked activity in mouse visual cortex. Bimbard, C., Sit, T. P. H., Lebedeva, A., Reddy, C. B., Harris, K. D., & Carandini, M. (2023). Nature Neuroscience, 26(2), 251–258.
Exploration patterns shape cognitive map learning. Brunec, I. K., Nantais, M. M., Sutton, J. E., Epstein, R. A., & Newcombe, N. S. (2023). Cognition, 233, 105360.
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volgacankaya · 7 months
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“Forgetting: The Benefits of Not Remembering” with Dr. Scott Small
People aspire to have a better memory and to retain information effectively. However, there are instances when memory fails them. Not too long ago, both individuals and memory scientists believed that forgetfulness served no discernible purpose. Yet, recent research across diverse fields such as medicine, psychology, computer science, and neuroscience has revealed a different perspective.
It turns out that forgetting is not a flaw of the mind; rather, it serves a vital role. In fact, it contributes positively to people's lives by fostering creativity and benefiting their overall well-being. Forgetting clears the clutter from the mind, enabling better decision-making.
Forgetting appears to be an independent cognitive function, distinct from the processes governing memory retention.
As Schacter explains, the act of remembering and retrieving memories is a practical process, albeit not without its flaws. The memory system possesses inherent imperfections that people encounter daily. In his book, 'The Seven Sins of Memory,' Schacter identifies seven common memory failures: transience, absentmindedness, blocking, misattribution, suggestibility, bias, and persistence. He argues that these 'sins' should not be viewed as flaws in the memory system; instead, they are intrinsic features of memory.
Schacter further asserts that memory serves the needs of the present, and that current knowledge, beliefs, and emotions influence the recollection of the past. This function is orchestrated by the Default Brain Network, an intriguing system responsible for both remembering the past and imagining the future. It's a remarkable case of a single network managing two distinct processes.
The ability to forget plays a pivotal role in helping people prioritize, think more effectively, make decisions, and enhance their creativity. In the delicate balance between remembering and forgetting, mental flexibility emerges, allowing individuals to extract abstract concepts from their stored knowledge, ultimately enabling them to see the bigger picture.
Forgetting, far from being a hindrance, is a natural and beneficial aspect of human cognition.
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whentherewerebicycles · 5 months
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therapy was “helpful” and I “liked it” and sigh I’ll “keep going”
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